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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Under section 718. 2(d) of the Criminal Code, when imposing a punishment, a judge must consider whether less restrictive sanctions than emprisonment are appropriate in the circumstances.  3, record 1, English, - impose%20a%20punishment

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

imposer une peine : Quoique attesté par le Grand Robert (mais non enregistré par d'autres dictionnaires), le verbe imposer au sens d'obliger à subir ou à faire quelque chose de désagréable ou de pénible, employé à l'égard d'une peine, d'un châtiment, d'une punition ou d'une sanction, continue de constituer un archaïsme pour la plupart des lexicographes.  1, record 1, French, - infliger%20une%20peine

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The quality or state of being legally obligated or accountable; legal responsibility to an other or to society, enforceable by civil remedy or criminal punishment.  2, record 2, English, - liability

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sens spécifique. Obligation juridique de répondre d'un dommage causé à autrui.  2, record 2, French, - responsabilit%C3%A9

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

responsabilité : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 2, French, - responsabilit%C3%A9

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A degree of knowledge that makes a person legally responsible for the consequences of his or her act or omission.  1, record 3, English, - scienter

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Scienter... the fact of an act's having been done knowingly, esp. as a ground for civil damages or criminal punishment.  1, record 3, English, - scienter

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En matière de délit civil, le propriétaire d'un bien est présumé responsable des dommages causés à autrui par son bien. Il n'est pas nécessaire de prouver sa négligence dans la garde de son bien. Cependant, si la preuve démontre qu'il a la connaissance que son bien peut causer des préjudices à autrui; ce fait peut constituer un facteur aggravant dans l'établissement des dommages-intérêts pour la victime.  1, record 3, French, - degr%C3%A9%20de%20connaissance

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"The law with respect to the doctrine of scienter is relatively clear. The owner of a dog which bites another will not be liable simply for being the owner. Liability will only attach under the doctrine if ... three conditions ... have been satisfied: .... the plaintiff (not the defendant) must establish that the defendant was the owner of the dog, that the dog had manifested a propensity to cause the type of harm occasioned, and that the owner knew of that propensity."  1, record 4, English, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ireland (IE) seems not to have introduced the concept of criminal liability of heads of businesses, requiring ’guilty knowledge’ in any case.  4, record 4, English, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Scienter. A degree of knowledge that makes a person legally responsible for the consequences of his or her act or omission; the fact of an act's having been done knowingly, especially as a ground for civil damages or criminal punishment.  5, record 4, English, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Quant à l'Irlande, elle ne semble pas avoir introduit la notion de responsabilité pénale des chefs d'entreprise, exigeant une «connaissance coupable» dans tous les cas.  2, record 4, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20de%20connaissance%20coupable

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Alternative sentencing is a form of criminal punishment that differs from a traditional sentence. Instead of being incarcerated or given probation, a convicted criminal will often be assigned community service, along with rehabilitation or therapy, as a punishment. Alternative sentencing is often considered for first-time, non-violent offenders.  3, record 5, English, - alternative%20sentencing

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Peine autre infligée par un juge ayant trouvé coupable un délinquant qui n'a pas commis de crime grave. Donc, sa condamnation ne nécessite pas l'incarcération dans un établissement pénitencier.  2, record 5, French, - peine%20alternative

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The confinement of a prisoner in isolation of all other prisoners.  4, record 6, English, - solitary%20confinement

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Solitary confinement is a special form of imprisonment in which a prisoner is isolated from any human contact, though often with the exception of members of prison staff. It is sometimes employed as a form of punishment beyond incarceration for a prisoner, and has been cited as an additional measure of protection from the criminal or is given for violations of prison regulations.  5, record 6, English, - solitary%20confinement

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Isolement prolongé d'un détenu en vue d'affaiblir sa résistance psychologique.  2, record 6, French, - isolement%20cellulaire

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La peine de mort exceptée, l’isolement cellulaire constitue la sanction pénale la plus extrême à laquelle un détenu peut être condamnée. Ses effets néfastes sur la santé, et sur le bien-être en général des personnes soumises à ce type de sanction, surtout pour des périodes prolongées, peuvent être très graves.  6, record 6, French, - isolement%20cellulaire

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Régimen de detención excepcional, opuesto al de libre plática.  1, record 6, Spanish, - incomunicaci%C3%B3n

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A punitive measure that the law imposes for the performance of an act that is proscribed, or for the failure to perform a required act.  3, record 7, English, - penalty

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Penalty is a comprehensive term with many different meanings. It entails the concept of punishment-either corporal or pecuniary, civil or criminal-although its meaning is usually confined to pecuniary punishment.  3, record 7, English, - penalty

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

punishment and penalty: are also used as generic terms, but where a distinction is drawn the tendency is to use punishment for heavy sentences and penalty for lesser ones, fines.  4, record 7, English, - penalty

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

penalty: is also used in a pecuniary sense in the law of contract; in the U.S., in connection with crime, penalty is the generic term.  4, record 7, English, - penalty

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Punition prévue par la loi dans le but de prévenir et de réprimer une infraction.  5, record 7, French, - sanction

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La peine peut notamment être privative de liberté (par exemple l'emprisonnement) ou pécuniaire (par exemple l'amende).  5, record 7, French, - sanction

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Castigo [...] previsto legalmente, que impone la autoridad judicial en sentencia a quien ha cometido un delito o falta.  3, record 7, Spanish, - pena

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pena y sanción: Términos reproducidos del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  4, record 7, Spanish, - pena

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A paper, document, drawing, photograph, article that is produced and exibited to a court during a trial or hearing as evidence.  1, record 8, English, - exhibit

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Exhibits are documents or materials which are produced and introduced to a court during a trial. They are used as proof of facts which form the subject matter of the trial.(From Crime to Punishment : an Introduction to the Criminal Law System, 1988, p. 201).  2, record 8, English, - exhibit

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] la prise de connaissance par le tribunal de l'état d'un objet ou d'une personne. [...] - Il peut s'agir de l'apparence d'une personne, vivante ou morte, présente à la cour ou représentée au moyen d'une photographie, d'un film ou d'un croquis. [...] - Il peut s'agir d'un objet trouvé [...] - Un document peut également, dans certaines circonstances, être considéré comme une (telle preuve); - Il en est de même pour l'enregistrement d'une conversation au moyen d'un dispositif électronique quelconque, [...] ou le tournage d'une scène au moyen d'une caméra. (Droit de la preuve pénale, 1987, p. 285).  2, record 8, French, - preuve%20mat%C3%A9rielle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tout objet pertinent à la cause peut être produit à l'enquête par un témoin pour examen par le tribunal. [...] le juge peut prendre connaissance d'une pièce composante d'un appareil mécanique, visionner un film, examiner un plan ou croquis, etc, selon la nature de la cause. La preuve matérielle peut non seulement servir à compléter et illustrer les explications d'un témoin mais elle peut également valoir comme meilleure preuve. (La procédure et la preuve 2 : procédure civile et pratique, Barreau du Québec, 1986, vol. 2, p. 164).  2, record 8, French, - preuve%20mat%C3%A9rielle

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A minor breach of the law(such as a packing violation) that, although it carries a criminal punishment, is considered a civil offense rather than a criminal one because it is merely a prohibited act(malum prohibitum) and not inherently reprehensible conduct(malum inse).  1, record 9, English, - public%20tort

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On croit à tort que ce genre d'enlèvement est un infraction d'ordre civil alors qu'il s'agit bel et bien d'une infraction criminelle.  2, record 9, French, - infraction%20d%27ordre%20civil

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The presumption of sanity dispenses with a requirement that the government include as an element of every criminal charge al allegation that the defendant had the capacity to form the mens rea necessary for conviction and criminal responsibility.  3, record 10, English, - presumption%20of%20sanity

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

For the reasons given by McLachlin J. in Chaulk, the presumption of sanity in s. 16(4) of the Code, reflecting as it does the fundamental pre-condition of criminal responsibility and punishment, does not violate s. 11(d) of the Charter.  4, record 10, English, - presumption%20of%20sanity

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] un certain nombre de parties ont soutenu que le par. 16(4) n'enfreint pas la Charte parce que la présomption de santé mentale est nécessaire à la protection de l'accusé lorsque c'est le ministre public qui soulève la question de l'aliénation mentale.  1, record 10, French, - pr%C3%A9somption%20de%20sant%C3%A9%20mentale

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Présomption que chacun est sain d'esprit.  2, record 10, French, - pr%C3%A9somption%20de%20sant%C3%A9%20mentale

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A recognizance of bail, in a criminal case, is taken to secure the due attendance of the party accused, to answer the indictment, and to submit to a trial, and the judgement of the court thereon. It is not designed as a satisfaction for the offence, when it is forfeited and paid; but as a means of compelling the party to submit to the trial and punishment, which the law ordains for his offence.  2, record 11, English, - recognizance%20of%20bail

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Est coupable d'un acte criminel et passible d'un emprisonnement maximal de cinq ans quiconque, sans autorisation ou excuse légitime, dont la preuve lui incombe, reconnaît au nom d'un autre tribunal, un juge ou autre personne autorisée à recevoir une telle reconnaissance, un engagement de caution une confession de jugement [...] acte ou autre instrument.  2, record 11, French, - engagement%20de%20caution

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For the purposes of this Convention, torture shall be understood to be any act intentionally informed whereby physical or mental pain or suffering is inflicted on a person for purposes of criminal investigation, as a means of intimidation, as personal punishment, as a preventive measure, as a penalty, or for any other purpose. Torture shall also be understood to be the use of methods upon a person intended to obliterate the personality of the victim or to diminish his physical or mental capacities, even if they do not cause physical pain or mental anguish.  1, record 12, English, - Inter%2DAmerican%20Convention%20to%20Prevent%20and%20Punish%20Torture

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Aux effets de la présente Convention, on entend par torture tout acte par lequel sont infligées intentionnellement à une personne des peines ou souffrance, physiques ou mentales, aux fin d'enquêtes au criminel ou à toute autre fin, à titre de moyen d'intimidation, de châtiment personnel, de mesure préventive ou de peine. On entend également par torture l'application à toute personne de méthodes visant à annuler la personnalité de la victime ou à diminuer sa capacité physique ou mentale même si ces méthodes et procédés ne causent aucune douleur physique ou angoisse psychique.  1, record 12, French, - Convention%20interam%C3%A9ricaine%20pour%20la%20pr%C3%A9vention%20et%20la%20r%C3%A9pression%20de%20la%20torture

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... it applies to determine whether s. 11 is triggered but does not purport to restrict the meaning of "punishment" in the context of a criminal proceeding to encompass only imprisonment and heavy fines.  2, record 13, English, - heavy%20fine

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] il permet de déterminer si l'art. 11 entre en jeu, mais il ne vise pas à restreindre, dans une instance criminelle, le sens du terme « peine » de sorte qu'il n'englobe que l'emprisonnement et l'amende substantielle.  1, record 13, French, - amende%20substantielle

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To impose a punishment on a criminal wrongdoer.  2, record 14, English, - sentence

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] decretar [contra un acusado], imponiendo la pena o sanción correspondiente.  1, record 14, Spanish, - condenar

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Criminal negligence.(2) Every person who, in committing an offence under subsection 272(1) or 273(1), shows wanton or reckless disregard for the lives or safety of other persons and thereby causes death or bodily harm to another person is subject to prosecution and punishment under section 220 or 221 of the Criminal Code.  1, record 15, English, - be%20subject%20to%20prosecution

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Statute cited: Canadian Environmental Protection Act.  2, record 15, English, - be%20subject%20to%20prosecution

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Négligence criminelle. (2) Quiconque, dans le cadre d'une infraction visée aux paragraphes 272(1) ou 273(1), fait preuve d'imprudence ou d'insouciance graves à l'endroit de la vie ou de la sécurité d'autrui et, par là même, cause la mort ou des blessures est passible des poursuites et punissable des peines prévues par les articles 220 ou 221 du Code criminel.  1, record 15, French, - %C3%AAtre%20passible%20de%20poursuite

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Loi citée : Loi canadienne sur la protection de l'environnement.  2, record 15, French, - %C3%AAtre%20passible%20de%20poursuite

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The severest professional punishment that could be visited on any culpable Watergate lawyer is disbarment, which can be inflicted even for misconduct that is not serious enough for criminal prosecution.  1, record 16, English, - disbarment

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ordre professionnel : Organisme créé par la loi en vue d'assurer la réglementation, la discipline et la défense d'une profession libérale : l'ordre des médecins, des avocats, des architectes.  2, record 16, French, - radiation%20du%20tableau%20de%20l%27ordre

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish