TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Most other provinces have data available by various means of estimation and to varying degrees of completion for irrigated area, water diversions, irrigation requirements, crop mix, crop yields, and irrigation system type.  1, record 1, English, - crop%20mix

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les producteurs du domaine de la floriculture en serre font face à de nombreux défis dans la lutte contre les organismes nuisibles, notamment si l’on tient compte du vaste éventail de cultures, de l’exposition aux organismes nuisibles importés avec le matériel de propagation, des produits pesticides limités et de l’absence de tolérance des consommateurs à l’endroit des dommages esthétiques.  2, record 1, French, - %C3%A9ventail%20de%20cultures

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

éventail de cultures : désignation approuvée par le Comité de terminologie d'Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada.  3, record 1, French, - %C3%A9ventail%20de%20cultures

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La combinación de cultivos perennes o semiperennes, orientados a mercados locales e incluso internacionales, es una práctica tradicional en sistemas productivos campesinos de áreas tropicales.  1, record 1, Spanish, - combinaci%C3%B3n%20de%20cultivos

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Centre-pivot irrigation is a method of crop irrigation in which a horizontal boom rotates around a centre point and crops are watered with low-pressure sprinklers or spray nozzles mounted along the boom.  1, record 2, English, - centre%2Dpivot%20irrigation

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'irrigation par pivot central utilise un long bras rotatif, monté sur des tours mobiles, qui tourne autour d'un point fixe pour arroser les cultures de manière circulaire. C'est une méthode très efficace pour les grandes surfaces.  1, record 2, French, - irrigation%20par%20pivot%20central

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Field-grown crop farm labourer, harvesting in Canada. Harvesting labourers and related workers assist other farm workers to plant, harvest, sort and pack crops. They participate in soil preparation, irrigation and crop planting, spraying and thinning. They are employed on fruit, vegetable and specialty crop farms.  1, record 3, English, - crop%20farm%20labourer

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les manœuvres à la récolte aident les autres ouvriers agricoles à planter, à récolter, à trier et à empaqueter les produits. Ils participent à la préparation du sol, à l'irrigation, à la plantation, à la pulvérisation et à l’éclaircissage. Les manœuvres à la récolte travaillent dans des exploitations agricoles spécialisées dans les cultures de plein champ, les cultures fruitières et maraîchères et les cultures spéciales.  1, record 3, French, - man%26oelig%3Buvre%20%C3%A0%20la%20r%C3%A9colte

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

During the growing season, crop farmers spend much of their time in the fields, tending to their crops and overseeing various farming activities. This can include tasks such as soil preparation, planting, irrigation, fertilization, pest and weed control, and crop monitoring.  1, record 4, English, - crop%20farmer

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A crop specialist is a professional who designs and implements fertilizer, seed, and chemical programs for farmers. They operate and maintain agricultural production equipment like tractors, combines, and irrigation systems.  1, record 5, English, - crop%20specialist

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] large sheet of opaque polyethylene plastic with UV [ultraviolet] protection.  2, record 6, English, - silage%20tarp

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... they are useful for many different applications such as extending seasons, suppressing weeds, assisting with specialty crop production, incorporating... crop residue, reducing water consumption needed for irrigation [and more. ]  2, record 6, English, - silage%20tarp

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Composées de polyéthylène traité pour résister aux rayons UV [ultraviolets], les bâches d'ensilage servent à couvrir le sol pour réduire la pression des mauvaises herbes et préparer le sol avant la plantation.  1, record 6, French, - b%C3%A2che%20d%27ensilage

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Just as the Census of Population counts every person and household in Canada, the Census of Agriculture counts every farm... The census asks the farmers about their crops and livestock, whether organic practices are followed, whether computers are used in their farm businesses, as well as a host of questions on land management practices such as irrigation, no-till, crop rotation, and other queries about their farming operations... As well as tallying the inventory of livestock, crops and other farm products, the census reports on the machinery used on farms, farm operating expenses, gross receipts and the value of land, buildings and machinery.  2, record 7, English, - Census%20of%20agriculture

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"Census of agriculture" is the official name used by Statistics Canada.  3, record 7, English, - Census%20of%20agriculture

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tout comme le Recensement de la population dénombre chaque personne et ménage au Canada, le Recensement de l'agriculture fait le compte de chaque exploitation agricole [...] Dans le cadre du recensement, on demande aux agriculteurs de fournir des renseignements sur leurs cultures et leur bétail. On veut également savoir s'ils utilisent l'informatique ou des techniques biologiques dans leur exploitation agricole [...] En plus de procéder à l'inventaire des produits agricoles, du bétail et des cultures, le recensement rend compte de la machinerie utilisée dans les exploitations agricoles, des dépenses d'exploitation de la ferme, des recettes brutes et de la valeur de la machinerie ainsi que des biens fonciers et immobiliers.  2, record 7, French, - Recensement%20de%20l%27agriculture

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le nom officiel utilisé par Statistique Canada est «Recensement de l'agriculture».  1, record 7, French, - Recensement%20de%20l%27agriculture

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Knowledge of soils, crop water demand, salinity and water stress, irrigation design principles, pipes, pumps, groundwater, and channels should all be a part of the irrigation and drainage engineer's toolbox.  2, record 8, English, - irrigation%20and%20drainage%20engineer

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On-farm development : review of water requirements, crop production and agricultural economics, land clearing, levelling, and advice on quaternary canal system and on-farm irrigation development, and mitigation of drainage problems.  2, record 9, English, - quaternary%20canal

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

quaternary canal: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, record 9, English, - quaternary%20canal

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

canal quaternaire : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  2, record 9, French, - canal%20quaternaire

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rice cultivation is well suited to countries and regions with low labour costs and high rainfall, as it is very labour-intensive to cultivate and requires plenty of water for irrigation... Rice is the world's third largest crop, behind maize(corn) and wheat. Although its species are native to South Asia and certain parts of Africa, centuries of trade and exportation have made it commonplace in many cultures.  9, record 10, English, - rice%20cultivation

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rice cultivation; rice farming; paddy cultivation; paddy agriculture: terms extracted from the “Glossaire de l’agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  10, record 10, English, - rice%20cultivation

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Culture du riz.  2, record 10, French, - riziculture

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On peut distinguer 3 types principaux de riziculture en fonction de l'alimentation hydrique : [la] riziculture pluviale [qui] est alimentée en eau par les pluies [et] parfois, en plus, par la nappe phréatique; [la] riziculture inondée [dont] le riz est cultivé dans une zone basse inondée pendant une partie du cycle cultural, de façon aléatoire [et la] riziculture irriguée [qui] implique une maîtrise complète de l'eau (irrigation et drainage).  3, record 10, French, - riziculture

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

riziculture : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 10, French, - riziculture

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Los arrozales son el terreno donde se realiza la ricicultura, es decir, el cultivo del arroz y la forma de vida organizada en torno a él, que constituye toda una cultura o civilización.  1, record 10, Spanish, - ricicultura

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The smoothing operation removes any irregularities that have developed, such as dead furrows and tractor tracks. The removal of these irregularities facilitates irrigation, particularly the first irrigation before the crop has become established. Land planes are recommended for the smoothing operation.  1, record 12, English, - land%20plane

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les travaux d'égalisation font disparaître toute irrégularité comme les dérayures et les pistes de tracteurs. L'enlèvement de ces irrégularités facilite l'irrigation, particulièrement la première qui se fait avant que la culture soit établie. On recommande un aplanisseur à terrain pour les travaux d'égalisation.  1, record 12, French, - aplanisseur%20%C3%A0%20terrain

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Department of Agriculture, Manitoba.  2, record 13, English, - Irrigation%20Development%20Program

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The Irrigation Development Program purpose is to provide support to sustainable irrigation development to meet market demands for irrigated crop production and support to improve management of irrigated crops to maximize efficiency of inputs and to protect soil and water resources.  3, record 13, English, - Irrigation%20Development%20Program

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ministère de l'Agriculture du Manitoba.  2, record 13, French, - Programme%20de%20travaux%20d%27irrigation

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le but du Programme de travaux d'irrigation est le soutien aux travaux d'irrigation durable pour répondre aux demandes du marché de la production de cultures irriguées et le soutien à la gestion améliorée de cultures irriguées aux fins de maximiser l'efficacité des intrants et de protéger les ressources hydriques et les sols.  3, record 13, French, - Programme%20de%20travaux%20d%27irrigation

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Other consequences by 2015 from not correcting the groundwater problem :... Higher exposure to catastrophic drought due to lack of groundwater for crop irrigation.  2, record 14, English, - catastrophic%20drought

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

After a catastrophic drought and 20 years of conflict in the region, community coping mechanisms in Afghanistan are totally exhausted now.  3, record 14, English, - catastrophic%20drought

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] ce sont les anomalies dans l'amplitude des migrations méridiennes de la zone de convergence intertropicale qui sont à l'origine des sécheresses catastrophiques qui se succèdent au Sahel.  1, record 14, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20catastrophique

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  2, record 14, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20catastrophique

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  3, record 14, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20catastrophique

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Identification of mechanisms by which plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) affect plants is required to obtain consistent or predictable increases in crop yields using PGPR. We conducted an outdoor lysimeter study using twelve glass-fronted rhizotrons to determine if inoculation with a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens might benefit spring wheat yield by altering root growth. Inoculated and uninoculated treatments were either well-watered or subjected to terminal drought with just one surface irrigation at anthesis.  2, record 15, English, - terminal%20drought

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plusieurs études ont signalé un apport accru de carbone dans les processus souterrains. Un aspect important à considérer à ce point dans la revue de littérature est que la plupart des expériences concernent la croissance de plantes pendant une courte période dans un volume de sol limité à un pot ou de la taille d'un bac. Dans une étude avec des herbes et du trèfle cultivés en bac, on montre que, au cours d'une période de sécheresse terminale se développant vite, l'efficience de l'utilisation de l'eau est presque doublée et que le stress apparaît plus tard à une [CO2] élevée. Ces conditions améliorent donc la possibilité d'éviter le stress de sécheresse.  2, record 15, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20terminale

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  2, record 15, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20terminale

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  3, record 15, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20terminale

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The negative effects of climate change can be limited by changes in crops and crop varieties, improved water-management and irrigation systems, adapted planting schedules and tillage practices, and better watershed management and land-use planning.  1, record 16, English, - tillage%20practice

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On peut limiter les effets négatifs des changements climatiques en modifiant les modes de culture et les variétés utilisées, en introduisant de meilleurs systèmes de gestion des ressources en eau et des périmètres d'irrigation, en adaptant le calendrier des semis et les méthodes de labour, ainsi qu'en gérant mieux les bassins versants et en planifiant plus judicieusement l'utilisation des sols.  1, record 16, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20labour

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rainfed rice is the crop grown either directly or indirectly with local rainfall.  3, record 17, English, - rainfed%20rice

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It includes the crop grown with supplemental irrigation, provided the water is not imported from another catchment; or with water from tanks and wells that depend entirely upon local rainfall.  3, record 17, English, - rainfed%20rice

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

However, according to FAO-14, 1978, vol. 1, "lowland rainfed paddy rice" is grown under uncontrolled, but bunded, flood water regimes while "upland or hill (rainfed) rice" is grown in unbunded areas.  4, record 17, English, - rainfed%20rice

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Often synonymous with "upland rice".  5, record 17, English, - rainfed%20rice

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le riz de culture sèche, ou riz pluvial, est pratiqué de façon itinérante par de nombreuses populations en Afrique, sur les plateaux indochinois (système du ray, ou culture sur brûlis), en Indonésie, aux Philippines.  2, record 17, French, - riz%20pluvial

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Souvent synonyme de «riz de plateau».  3, record 17, French, - riz%20pluvial

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Riziculture pluviale : la culture est alimentée en eau par les pluies, parfois aussi, en plus, par la nappe phréatique.  4, record 17, French, - riz%20pluvial

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. The Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre(MCDC) is a three way partnership between an industry consortium, MHPEC(Manitoba Horticulture Productivity Enhancement Centre Inc.) and the governments of Canada and Manitoba. The primary goal of MCDC is the investigation and demonstration of economically and environmentally sustainable crop production. This includes crop diversification and intensive crop production technology practices such as irrigation, and facilitating development of value added processing of Manitoba grown crops. This is accomplished by bringing together partnerships with the appropriate expertise and the provision of suitable land and facilities. Much of the Centre's work is carried out in co-operation with outside agencies, groups and individuals. The Centre provides a variety of assistance for research and demonstration activities, including technical support and use of its facilities and land.  2, record 18, English, - Manitoba%20Crop%20Diversification%20Centre

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Budget des dépenses d'Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, 1994-1995.  3, record 18, French, - Centre%20de%20diversification%20des%20cultures%20du%20Manitoba

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada. Le Centre de diversification des cultures du Manitoba (CDCM) représente un partenariat à trois entre un consortium industriel, MHPEC (Manitoba Horticulture Productivity Enhancement Centre Inc.) et les gouvernements du Canada et du Manitoba. Le mandat du CDCM est de trouver, d'évaluer, de démontrer et d'encourager l'utilisation de nouvelles cultures, de nouvelles techniques et de possibilités de transformation à valeur ajoutée, tout cela pour favoriser le développement durable de l'agriculture. Le CDCM fournit des installations, de même qu'il coordonne et administre des programmes de démonstration, de recherche appliquée et de transfert technologique. La majeure partie du travail du Centre est exécutée en collaboration avec des organismes extérieurs, des groupes et des particuliers. Le Centre offre tout un éventail d'aides pour les activités de démonstration et de recherche, y compris du soutien technique et le droit de se servir de ses installations et de ses terres.  2, record 18, French, - Centre%20de%20diversification%20des%20cultures%20du%20Manitoba

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A movement [in the 1960s and 1970s] to increase yields by using : new crop cultivars; irrigation, fertilizers; pesticides; mechanization.  2, record 19, English, - green%20revolution

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Amélioration spectaculaire des productions de céréales suscitée par la création de variétés plus productives dans les années soixante et soixante-dix.  2, record 19, French, - r%C3%A9volution%20verte

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En culture industrielle, les travaux d'amélioration variétale ont permis d'accroître les rendements de façon considérable [...] En culture traditionnelle [...] la rusticité restait la qualité maîtresse. Il en va différemment avec les mesures envisagées d'accroissement de la fertilité des sols : la «révolution verte»; les variétés offertes aux cultivateurs tropicaux sont à haute productivité [...] Riz, Maïs, Blé [...]  3, record 19, French, - r%C3%A9volution%20verte

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Expresión que desde la década de 1960 se emplea para hacer referencia a las posibilidades de conseguir aumentos espectaculares en la producción agraria en los países del Tercer Mundo, sobre la base de emplear semillas de alta calidad, fertilizantes, y sistemas de regadío adecuados; todo ello con el resultado de altos rendimientos.  1, record 19, Spanish, - revoluci%C3%B3n%20verde

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This paper explores how institutions of property rights and collective action play a particularly important role in the application of technologies for agriculture and natural resource management. Those technologies with long time frames tend to require tenure security to provide sufficient incentives to adopt, while those that operate on a large spatial scale will require collective action to coordinate, either across individual private property or in common property regimes. In contrast to many crop technologies like high-yielding variety seeds or fertilizers, natural resource management technologies like agroforestry, watershed management, irrigation, or fisheries tend to embody greater and more varying temporal and spatial dimensions. Whereas the literature addressing constraints and enabling factors for rural technology adoption have largely focused on their direct effects on crop technologies, the conceptual framework presented here shows how property rights and collective action interact with many other constraints to technology development(such as wealth, information, risk, or labor availability).  2, record 20, English, - rural%20technology

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le développement de la technique rurale, le mouvement général de dispersion, le regroupement des terres et l'amenuisement des villages conduisent à une dilution humaine sur les finages qui représente un réel danger social. Ce danger est d'autant plus grand que toute dilution exagérée rend non rentable l'application de certains progrès sociaux et techniques basés sur les groupes denses, donc risque de provoquer une nouvelle désaffectation des campagnes.  1, record 20, French, - technique%20rurale

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

WATER DEMAND FOR IRRIGATION. The crop water requirements are calculated based on the cropping patterns developed for the three zones and two soil groups. Table 3-9 shows the monthly water requirements per hectare for the basins and terraces of the North, Central and South Zones of the river valley.... Table 3-10 shows the continuous fictitious flows [(l/s·ha]) and the design capacities of the equipment for the peak month for the basins and terraces of the three zones.  1, record 21, English, - continuous%20fictitious%20flow

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le débit fictif continu en période de pointe est le débit continu minimal nécessaire à la satisfaction des besoins en eau, soit au niveau du périmètre, soit au niveau d'une parcelle. Dans ce dernier cas, son utilisation continue peut entraîner pour l'irrigant des servitudes inacceptables, en particulier pour les petites parcelles.  2, record 21, French, - d%C3%A9bit%20fictif%20continu

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Si à la rigueur on peut être moins exigeant dans la qualité du sol en tant que réservoir hydrique vu la souplesse de gestion du système pivot, il n'en est pas de même pour les quantités d'eau disponibles. En effet, le pivot nécessite un débit fictif continu de l'ordre de 0.25 l/s.ha et un débit de pointe allant de 0,7 à 1,2 l/s selon les exigences hydriques de la culture arrosée. Lesquels débits doivent être maintenus tout au long de la durée de vie du pivot qui est d'environ 20 ans.  3, record 21, French, - d%C3%A9bit%20fictif%20continu

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 3 CONT

L'eau d'irrigation provient d'un sondage artésien débitant 80 l/sec. [...] Le débit fictif continu est de 0,80 l/sec/ha, soit un apport moyen de 6,9 mm/jour, alors que l'évapotranspiration potentielle en été est évaluée à 5,5 mm/jour.  4, record 21, French, - d%C3%A9bit%20fictif%20continu

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Crops grow reasonably well with widely different amounts of water in the atmosphere but when the air immediately surrounding the leaves becomes too dry, growth will be checked. If there is an adequate amount of water in the soil, supplied either by rain or irrigation, the plants can ordinarily absorb and transpire enough water to maintain a moderately moist atmosphere around the leaves, but when soil moisture is deficient and the evaporating power of the air is high, water will be lost from the leaves faster than it can be obtained from the soil and the plant will wilt and be unable to grow efficiently. Thus, the dryness of the air as well as the dryness of the soil is likely to limit crop production.  1, record 22, English, - evaporating%20power%20of%20the%20air

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The only factors affecting ET_o are climatic parameters. Consequently, ET_o is a climatic parameter and can be computed from weather data. ET_o expresses the evaporating power of the atmosphere at a specific location and time of the year and does not consider the crop characteristics and soil factors. The FAO Penman-Monteith method is recommended as the sole method for determining ET_o.  3, record 22, English, - evaporating%20power%20of%20the%20air

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Notion théorique traduisant la quantité d'eau qui serait évaporée à bilan radiatif nul.  1, record 22, French, - pouvoir%20%C3%A9vaporant%20de%20l%27air

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le pouvoir évaporant de l'air ne dépend que des caractéristiques de l'air : déficit de saturation et vent. Il peut être exprimé par le terme Ea figurant dans l'équation de Penman et estimé à partir de l'évaporation mesurée sous l'abri météorologique.  1, record 22, French, - pouvoir%20%C3%A9vaporant%20de%20l%27air

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A micro irrigation system delivers water to the crop using a network of mainlines, sub-mains and lateral lines with emission points spaced along their lengths.  3, record 23, English, - micro%20irrigation%20network

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Construct reservoirs and dug well / tanks for waste water recycling (household based) and use of micro water harvesting as well as underground water within the existing micro irrigation network.  1, record 23, English, - micro%20irrigation%20network

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un réseau de micro-irrigation comprend de l'amont vers l'aval : - un point d'eau, - une installation de tête avec régulation de pression, injection d'engrais et filtration, - une canalisation principale alimentant un ou plusieurs postes, - dans chaque poste un porte-rampes qui alimente des rampes de distribution.  1, record 23, French, - r%C3%A9seau%20de%20micro%2Dirrigation

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Diseñar, evaluar y operar un sistema de microirrigación para aplicar adecuada y oportunamente la cantidad de agua requerida por un cultivo.  1, record 23, Spanish, - sistema%20de%20microirrigaci%C3%B3n

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The relative moisture of the soil is expressed, for each depth, by the ratio 100 H_a/H_e, where H_a is the absolute moisture of the soil and H_e, the absolute moisture for a pF value of 2.7 (moisture equivalent). pF is the logarithm, to base 10, of the capillary potential.  3, record 24, English, - relative%20moisture%20of%20the%20soil

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In general, since there exists a water shortage to crop requirement and possible water resources for watering crop, it is suggested to economically control soil relative moisture within 0. 55-0. 82 by irrigation, that is, supplies crop water by 50-90% of its water requirement.  2, record 24, English, - relative%20moisture%20of%20the%20soil

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

L'humidité relative du sol s'exprime, pour chaque profondeur, par le rapport 100 H_a/H_e, où H_a est l'humidité absolue du sol et H_e, l'humidité absolue pour une valeur de pF égale à 2,7 (humidité équivalente). pF est le logarithme décimal du potentiel capillaire.  2, record 24, French, - humidit%C3%A9%20relative%20du%20sol

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Para diferentes profundidades, la humedad relativa del suelo viene expresada por el cociente 100 H_a/H_e, donde H_a es la humedad absoluta del suelo y H_e la humedad absoluta para un valor del pF igual a 2,7 (humedad equivalente). pF es el logaritmo decimal del potencial capilar.  1, record 24, Spanish, - humedad%20relativa%20del%20suelo

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Irrigation by means of underground open joint tile, perforated pipes, or open ditch to maintain the water table at a desired distance below the ground surface.  4, record 25, English, - subsurface%20irrigation

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Water is applied to crops by surface, subsurface, sprinkler, and drip irrigation... Subirrigation. This type of irrigation is accomplished by raising the water table to the root zone of the crop or by carrying moisture to the root zone by perforated underground pipe.  5, record 25, English, - subsurface%20irrigation

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Subirrigation(seepage) systems are based on establishment and maintenance of the high water table just beneath the crop root zone. Due to the capillary action the water migrates upward providing necessary moisture for the crop. For this system to function, the top layer of soil must have high hydraulic conductivity typical for sand or muck. The existence of natural high water table or restrictive layer(clay, rock, etc.) below the root zone is necessary to allow for the buildup and regulation of the irrigation water table throughout the season. Raising the water table in addition to providing for the evapotranspirational demand of the crop, requires large quantities of water which must also be available for seepage irrigation.  6, record 25, English, - subsurface%20irrigation

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode d'irrigation qui consiste, par des barrages temporaires placés sur les fossés d'assainissement d'un périmètre, à maintenir la nappe phréatique au niveau souhaité pour qu'elle puisse alimenter les cultures de ce périmètre par simple remontée capillaire.  3, record 25, French, - irrigation%20souterraine

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] l'irrigation souterraine [...] apporte l'eau très près des racines, évite à cette eau une évaporation prématurée, permet un arrosage «propre» des seuls endroits voulus, n'occasionne pas le mouillage de la partie aérienne des végétaux.  4, record 25, French, - irrigation%20souterraine

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Irrigation souterraine. L'eau est amenée dans des fossés ouverts ou des canalisations jusqu'à ce que la nappe phréatique soit assez remontée pour humecter le sol.  5, record 25, French, - irrigation%20souterraine

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Irrigation using treated municipal or industrial wastewater.  2, record 26, English, - effluent%20irrigation

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There is considerable potential for effluent irrigation in the Prairie provinces. Some jurisdictions view effluent irrigation as a means of wastewater disposal. Others view effluent as a resource for economic development(i. e., cash crop production, golf course irrigation).  3, record 26, English, - effluent%20irrigation

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il existe des possibilités considérables pour l'épandage d'effluents par irrigation dans les provinces des Prairies. Dans certaines juridictions, ce procédé est considéré comme un moyen d'élimination des eaux usées. D'autres encore le perçoivent comme une ressource pour le développement économique (p.ex. production de culture commerciale, irrigation des terrains de golf).  3, record 26, French, - %C3%A9pandage%20d%27effluents%20par%20irrigation

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] system (drip, trickle, [or] micro sprinklers) [that] provides water in small volumes and generally provides water to plants with less waste than furrow irrigation.  2, record 27, English, - micro%2Dirrigation%20system

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A micro irrigation system delivers water to the crop using a network of mainlines, sub-mains and lateral lines with emission points spaced along their lengths.  1, record 27, English, - micro%2Dirrigation%20system

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Drip and trickle systems apply water through small holes in small diameter tubes placed on or below the surface of the field. Another type of system, micro sprinklers, supplies water from low-volume sprinkler heads located above the surface. Low flow systems are expensive and their use is generally limited to high-value crops such as vegetables, fruits, and vineyards.  2, record 27, English, - micro%2Dirrigation%20system

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le système de micro-irrigation apporte en permanence de l'eau aux plants. Avec le système d'irrigation par aspersion, l'apport d'eau est intermittent; on le met en marche en général quand la quantité d'eau utile aux plantes a baissé de moitié.  1, record 27, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20de%20micro%2Dirrigation

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Irrigation scheduling is the process of determining when to irrigate and how much water to apply. It depends upon design, maintenance, and operation of the irrigation system and the availability of water. The objective of irrigation scheduling is to apply only the water that the crop needs, taking into account evaporation, seepage, and runoff losses, and leaching requirements. Scheduling is especially important to pump irrigators if power costs are high. Common irrigation scheduling approaches include the following : 1. Irrigation on fixed intervals or following a simple calendar, i. e., when a water turn occurs or according to a predetermined schedule.  1, record 28, English, - irrigation%20on%20fixed%20intervals

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'irrigation au tour d'eau où la distribution est prédéterminée de façon à réduire le dimensionnement des ouvrages, et à faciliter le contrôle de l'utilisation de l'eau.  1, record 28, French, - irrigation%20au%20tour%20d%27eau

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La trame B a été retenue de préférence à la trame A dans les périmètres équipés à partir de 1962 pour atteindre quatre objectifs majeurs: (i) la mise en place des assolements préconisés; (ii) la mécanisation collective des petites exploitations agricoles; (iii) l'irrigation suivant un tour d'eau identique pour tous les agriculteurs; (iv) l'introduction de la raie longue.  2, record 28, French, - irrigation%20au%20tour%20d%27eau

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Si la terre est privée, les systèmes d'irrigation imposent une cohésion sociale pour le travail des terrasses et l'irrigation des terres. Il y a donc de fortes obligations collectives pour permettre le travail de la terre. La répartition de l'eau se fait par tour d'eau de demi-journée. Chaque tour d'eau est fractionné en part d'eau.  3, record 28, French, - irrigation%20au%20tour%20d%27eau

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The team's intent is to relate environmental variables(such as soil drainage class) and manageable factors(irrigation, fertiliser) to crop yield and quality using relatively low-cost information obtained through aerial photography and yield mapping.  2, record 29, English, - drainage%20class

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chacune des catégories définies pour indiquer la quantité d'eau disponible pour les plantes, la vitesse d'évacuation des surplus, ainsi que la fréquence et la durée des périodes pendant lesquelles le sol est saturé.  2, record 29, French, - classe%20de%20drainage

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. The Canada-Saskatchewan Irrigation Diversification Centre(CSIDC) promotes crop diversification and sustainable irrigation practices to Saskatchewan producers and industry. CSIDC es  1, record 30, English, - Canada%2DSaskatchewan%20Irrigation%20Diversification%20Centre

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada. Le Centre Canada-Saskatchewan de recherche sur la diversification de l'irrigation (CRDI) vise à promouvoir auprès des producteurs de l'industrie de cette province la diversification des cultures et les pratiques d'irrigation viables.  1, record 30, French, - Centre%20Canada%2DSaskatchewan%20de%20recherche%20sur%20la%20diversification%20de%20l%27irrigation

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cultural weed control is the management of the crop to make it more competitive against weeds. Cultural control involves optimizing planting date, seeding rate, row spacing, fertility, irrigation, and the used of adapted varieties so that the crop will be vigorously growing and more competitive with weeds. Generally, the plant that emerges first, establishes rapidly, and closes canopy first, is the most competitive. This plant captures the majority of the environmental resources(i. e. light, water, nutrients) necessary for growth. The aim should be to make vegetable crops as competitive as possible by modifying the appropriate practices.  3, record 31, English, - row%20spacing

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

distance entre deux lignes de semis ou de plantation.  2, record 31, French, - %C3%A9cartement%20des%20rangs

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Distance entre les rangées.  2, record 31, French, - %C3%A9cartement%20des%20rangs

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Applying chemicals to a crop through an irrigation system.  2, record 32, English, - chemical%20irrigation

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'équivalent basé sur le terme "irrigation fertilisante" relevé dans la Revue horticole, 1987, no. 280, p. 58.  2, record 32, French, - chimio%2Dirrigation

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Windmills have a wide range of possible applications. Water-pumping windmills have been used and will likely continue to be used in agriculture for irrigation and in the production of mechanical power, such as that required for feed grinding, shredding of vegetable materials and crop residues or wastes and sawing.  1, record 33, English, - water%2Dpumping%20windmill

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish