TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

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determinate(D) plants are more compact, bushy, and short-lived in nature. They generally have one main growth spurt, reach a certain size, and then yield a single large set of fruit all at once(or during a short period of time). Once a mature determinate plant has produced its main “bumper crop”, the plant will drastically slow down in production or stop growing entirely. Bush tomatoes and bush green beans are prime examples of determinate plants.  1, record 1, English, - determinate%20plant

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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La tomate-cerise rose Whippersnapper est une plante à croissance déterminée ne dépassant pas 50 cm de hauteur qui produit des grappes de tomates avec 5 à 18 beaux fruits – elle préfère les sols riches en matières organiques et une forte exposition au soleil. Elle est idéale pour les vergers, mais c'est un excellent choix pour la culture en pots pour sa croissance déterminée et son rendement élevé.  1, record 1, French, - plante%20%C3%A0%20croissance%20d%C3%A9termin%C3%A9e

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Tipo Mini Plum/Grape, planta determinada para cosecha individual, fruto con excelente sabor, producción alta y concentrado.  1, record 1, Spanish, - planta%20determinada

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Yield components of crops. The yield of a grain crop plant can be divided into various components which together contributed to the yield. These components include : Heads, ears or pods per acre... Number of kernels or seeds per head, ear or pod... Weight per kernel or seed... Any crop production factor which decreases any one of these factors results in decreased yield.... Full yield potential is almost never achieved because environmental conditions may limit one or more of the yield components during the growing season.  2, record 2, English, - yield%20component

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Modèle théorique du fonctionnement biologique d'un peuplement végétal cultivé.  2, record 2, French, - composante%20du%20rendement

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Curtis Stone, in The Urban Farmer... distinguishes between Quick Crops(maturing in 60 days or less) and Steady Crops(slower maturing, perhaps harvested continuously over a period of time)... he has designed a crop value rating system based on five characteristics : Shorter days to maturity(fast crops=chance to plant more; give a point for 60 days or less) ;High yield per linear foot(best value from the space; a point for 1/2 pound/linear foot or more) ;Higher price per pound(other factors being equal, higher price=more income; a point for $4 or more per pound) ;Long harvest period(=more sales; a point for 4 months or longer) ;Popularity(high demand, low market saturation).  2, record 3, English, - crop%20value

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'étiquette bleue est la preuve que vous avez utilisé une semence certifiée pour maintenir les caractères de la valeur de la récolte. C’est l'assurance que vous donnez aux acheteurs de graines et à d'autres que ce qu'ils obtiennent est bel et bien ce que vous dites.  2, record 3, French, - valeur%20de%20la%20r%C3%A9colte

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Los cálculos indican que el valor de la cosecha cafetera totalizaría $13 billones en 2022, lo que representaría un incremento de 21,5% respecto a 2021, cuando el valor fue de $10,7 billones.  1, record 3, Spanish, - valor%20de%20la%20cosecha

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Remotely acquired data using the Landsat satellite system provide a means for initiating crop growth simulation models and crop phenology models at a field level over a large geographic area. A model based on Landsat spectral data has been developed that estimates a spectral emergence of the crop at a pixel(field) level. This spectral emergence date is evaluated using dates of planting and emergence reported by farmers for their fields or spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) and barley(Hordeum vulare L.) located in North and South Dakota. The model can provide a means of understanding the distribution of crop emergence across all pixels of a region. This knowledge of emergence date of spring grains from satellite data provides an ability to run crop development and yield prediction models at field level.  1, record 4, English, - spectral%20emergence%20date

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le fait de planter lorsque la température du sol est presque optimale accélère la germination et l’émergence des semis. Parfois, dans la précipitation des plantations de printemps, les graines sont semées dans des sols trop froids. Cela peut entraîner une germination lente, des semis affaiblis et malades, voire la mort des plantes. Il est préférable de retarder la plantation jusqu’à ce que les sols se réchauffent.  2, record 4, French, - date%20d%27%C3%A9mergence%20spectrale

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Emergia de plantas: Evento en un cultivo, donde se observa la aparición de las plantas en la superficie del suelo, que es la etapa posterior a la germinación de la semilla o brotamiento de yemas.  2, record 4, Spanish, - fecha%20de%20emergencia%20espectral

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Remote sensing(RS) data acquired by satellite have wide scope for agricultural applications owing to their synoptic and repetitive coverage. Especially the spectral indices deduced from visible and near-infrared RS data have been extensively used for crop characterization, biomass estimation, crop condition monitoring, crop yield condition monitoring and crop yield monitoring and forecasting.  1, record 5, English, - crop%20yield%20condition%20monitoring

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

crop yield condition monitoring : designation officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group(RTAG).  2, record 5, English, - crop%20yield%20condition%20monitoring

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les applications actuelles de la télédétection à l'agriculture comprennent notamment l'étude des terres (c'est-à-dire la détermination des possibilités d'utilisation à des fins agricoles), l'évaluation des surfaces cultivées, la classification des cultures, la surveillance de l'érosion des sols, la cartographie de l'humidité des sols, des terres cultivées et de l'évolution de l'utilisation des sols (telle que l'empiétement des villes sur les terres agricoles) ainsi que l'agriculture de précision.  1, record 5, French, - surveillance%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tat%20des%20cultures

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

surveillance de l'état des cultures : désignation uniformisée par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  2, record 5, French, - surveillance%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tat%20des%20cultures

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The crop under contract may have lower yields than your traditional crop; although your contract may state a higher potential price per unit(e. g. bushel) your overall yield may result in lower total revenue for the contract crop...  3, record 6, English, - contract%20crop

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The basic objective of the production contract is to make sure Natreon canola oil meets certain defined quality standards. ... Keep contract crops at least 25 metres/80 feet away from potential sources of genetic contamination, such as other canola crops.  4, record 6, English, - contract%20crop

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

contract crop: designation extracted from the "Glossaire de l’agriculture" and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  5, record 6, English, - contract%20crop

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La récolte de la culture sous contrat peut coïncider avec celle des cultures vivrières, mettant ainsi en concurrence les faibles ressources de main-d’œuvre.  2, record 6, French, - culture%20sous%20contrat

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

culture sous contrat : désignation extraite du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduite avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 6, French, - culture%20sous%20contrat

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Al ser un cultivo sujeto a contrato, el agricultor recibe un asesoramiento técnico durante todo el ciclo de cultivo para ayudarle en todos los momentos, desde la elección de la parcela, la preparación del terreno [...]  1, record 6, Spanish, - cultivo%20sujeto%20a%20contrato

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Crop yield/condition monitoring. Crop condition(related to yield) is required with an accuracy of 5% for large area estimation and with an accuracy of 2-4% for individual fields.  1, record 7, English, - crop%20yield%2Fcondition%20monitoring

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

crop yield/condition monitoring : designation officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group(RTAG).  2, record 7, English, - crop%20yield%2Fcondition%20monitoring

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Surveillance du rendement et de l'état des cultures. Le rendement (et l'état) des cultures doit être connu avec une précision de 5 % pour les grandes exploitations, et de 2-4 % pour les petites parcelles.  1, record 7, French, - surveillance%20du%20rendement%20et%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tat%20des%20cultures

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

surveillance du rendement et de l'état des cultures : désignation uniformisée par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  2, record 7, French, - surveillance%20du%20rendement%20et%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tat%20des%20cultures

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Crop management is the set of agricultural practices performed to improve the growth, development and yield of crops.  1, record 8, English, - crop%20management

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 PHR

crop management factor; crop management technique  2, record 8, English, - crop%20management

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La bonne gestion des cultures doit être efficace d'un point de vue agronomique, rentable pour les entreprises agricoles tout en assurant la salubrité des aliments, respecter la santé des consommateurs et des producteurs et minimiser les impacts sur l'environnement.  1, record 8, French, - gestion%20des%20cultures

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 PHR

facteur de gestion des cultures; technique de gestion des cultures  2, record 8, French, - gestion%20des%20cultures

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proceso que consiste en dirigir y organizar todas las actividades relacionadas con la producción de cultivos.  1, record 8, Spanish, - gesti%C3%B3n%20de%20cultivos

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Break crops generally refer to a pulse or oilseed crop grown instead of cereals. The decision not to grow wheat but to grow and choose a break crop is based on many factors including the relative profitability of the crops – yield by price, the cereal disease pressure, herbicide resistance and personal preference.  3, record 9, English, - break%20crop

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour certaines cultures, on parle de têtes de rotation : il s'agit, le plus souvent, de cultures considérées comme améliorantes : nécessité d'une préparation profonde du sol ou d'une fumure abondante, apport éventuel d'amendements humiques, lutte soignée indispensable contre les mauvaises herbes; dans la plupart des cas la tête de rotation est le précédent à blé. La betterave et le maïs, par exemple, sont de bonnes têtes de rotation [...]  3, record 9, French, - t%C3%AAte%20de%20rotation

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cultivo secundario cuyo objetivo es interrumpir la siembra repetida de cereales como parte de la rotación de cultivos.  1, record 9, Spanish, - cultivo%20intermedio

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Major transformations in the agriculture sector were observed in the late 1900s where there was a switch from labor-intensive and bullock farming to mechanization and usage of large equipment in the twenty-first century... Along with modern equipment, the improvements in crop varieties, animal-based farming, and usage of different fertilizers were other interests to increase yield and production capacity.  3, record 10, English, - agricultural%20sector

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Crop scientists work to increase the yield of field crops by improving farming methods and developing new plant strains.  1, record 11, English, - crop%20scientist

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The practice of growing two or more crops in [close] proximity.  3, record 12, English, - intercropping

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The most common goal of intercropping is to produce a greater yield on a given piece of land by making use of resources that would otherwise not be utilized by a single crop. Examples of intercropping strategies are planting a deep-rooted crop with a shallow-rooted crop, or planting a tall crop with a shorter crop that requires partial shade.  3, record 12, English, - intercropping

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La culture intercalaire consiste à cultiver plus d'une espèce dans le même champ en même temps.  2, record 12, French, - culture%20intercalaire

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

While good agronomic practices can maximize canola yields and returns throughout the growing season, proper harvest management is essential to realizing those yields. Seed and quality losses caused by untimely harvesting, inappropriate harvesting techniques, improper handling, or a combination of these practices, can all result in reduced crop yield, value or both.  1, record 13, English, - harvest%20management

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gestion de la récolte. Récolter en conditions sèches et éviter de récolter en période de gel pour éviter les chocs thermiques.  1, record 13, French, - gestion%20de%20la%20r%C3%A9colte

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Ontario Grain Stabilization Payment is a one-time payment for Ontario grain and oilseed producers. The intent of the initiative is to provide some measure of financial stability to assist Ontario farmers in maintaining competitiveness and offsetting yield reduction, depressed commodity prices and quality reductions for the 2000 crop year.  1, record 14, English, - Ontario%20Grain%20Stabilization%20Payment

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Paiement relatif à la stabilisation du revenu des producteurs de céréales de l'Ontario est un paiement unique accordé aux producteurs de céréales et de graines oléagineuses de l'Ontario. L'objectif de cette initiative est d'assurer une certaine stabilité financière aux agriculteurs de l'Ontario pour les aider à soutenir la concurrence et à compenser la diminution du rendement, la baisse du prix des produits de base et la diminution de la qualité durant la campagne agricole 2000.  1, record 14, French, - Paiement%20relatif%20%C3%A0%20la%20stabilisation%20du%20revenu%20des%20producteurs%20de%20c%C3%A9r%C3%A9ales%20de%20l%27Ontario

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The most commonly reported effect of tillage on nitrogen response has been lower crop nitrogen uptake or yield for no-till at low nitrogen rates, but equal yields at higher nitrogen rates.  3, record 15, English, - nitrogen%20response

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The objective ... is to compare response to nitrogen with a herbicide tolerant hybrid canola variety to a herbicide tolerant conventional variety, assess the agronomic factors of each and net return from each variety.  2, record 15, English, - nitrogen%20response

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les VRFAs [valeurs de remplacement en fertilisant azoté] des légumineuses sont déterminées [...] à l'aide des courbes de réponse à l'azote.  3, record 15, French, - r%C3%A9ponse%20%C3%A0%20l%27azote

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

D'autres études établissent des différences quantitatives dans le taux de croissance de la luzerne en réaction à l'azote symbiotique par opposition aux fertilisants chimiques.  4, record 15, French, - r%C3%A9ponse%20%C3%A0%20l%27azote

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réponse à l'azote; réaction à l'azote : termes extraits du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduits avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  5, record 15, French, - r%C3%A9ponse%20%C3%A0%20l%27azote

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Quality and quantity of a crop harvested.  2, record 16, English, - crop%20yield

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

crop yield : term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group(RTAG).  3, record 16, English, - crop%20yield

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

crop yield : term extracted from the “Glossaire de l'agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, record 16, English, - crop%20yield

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qualité et quantité d'une culture récoltée.  2, record 16, French, - rendement%20de%20culture

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Autres applications de la télédétection : dans les applications agricoles, afin d'évaluer le type et l'état des cultures, d'évaluer le rendement de culture et de définir les caractéristiques du sol et les pratiques de gestion du sol [...]  3, record 16, French, - rendement%20de%20culture

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rendement de culture : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  4, record 16, French, - rendement%20de%20culture

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

rendement de culture : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 16, French, - rendement%20de%20culture

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Agrometeorology Centre of Excellence : providing funding for the collection, analysis and distribution of weather data from field level weather stations in the province to aid producers in the best use and management of agricultural inputs to optimize crop yield and quality.  1, record 17, English, - Agrometeorology%20Centre%20of%20Excellence

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Centre d’excellence en agrométéorologie : financer la cueillette, l’analyse et la diffusion des données météorologiques aux stations météorologiques sur le terrain dans la province, afin d’aider les agriculteurs à mieux gérer et utiliser les intrants agricoles et à optimiser ainsi les rendements culturaux et la qualité.  1, record 17, French, - Centre%20d%26rsquo%3Bexcellence%20en%20agrom%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologie

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The maximum yield that can be achieved by a given crop cultivar in a given area, based on radiation and temperature.  1, record 18, English, - potential%20yield

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rendement maximum qui peut être obtenu par un cultivar donné dans une aire donnée et basé sur la radiation et la température.  1, record 18, French, - rendement%20potentiel

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rendimiento máximo que puede ser alcanzado por una variedad de un cultivo determinado en un área especifica, en función de la radiación y temperatura.  1, record 18, Spanish, - rendimiento%20potencial

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The maximum yield that can be achieved by a given crop cultivar in a given area, taking account of climatic, soil and other physical or biological constraints.  1, record 19, English, - agronomically%20attainable%20yield

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rendement maximum qui peut être atteint par un cultivar donné dans une aire donnée en tenant compte des contraintes climatiques, pédologiques ou autres qu'elles soient physiques ou biologiques.  1, record 19, French, - rendement%20agronomique%20possible

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rendimiento máximo que puede ser alcanzado por un cultivo determinado en un área especifica, teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones biofísicas preferentemente de clima y suelo.  1, record 19, Spanish, - rendimiento%20agron%C3%B3mico%20potencial

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A... source of benefits is the increased revenue on... 10, 000 acres of land that are irrigated. The incremental net return per acre irrigated is assumed to be $20. The net return is calculated by deducting the increased costs(for example, seed, fertilizer and water) from the higher revenue due to an increase in crop yield per acre. Thus, the yearly benefits are $200, 000.  1, record 20, English, - incremental%20net%20return

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Host : Chinch bugs attack a variety of forage, lawn, and wild grasses. The principal crop plants damaged are wheat, corn, sorghum, oats, etc. Symptoms : The chinch bug pierces the plant with its moth parts and sucks out the plant sap. This feeding prevents normal growth and results in dwarfing, lodging, and yield reduction. Severe infestations during early development may cause plants to wilt and die prematurely. Most injury is caused by the six nymphal instars.  3, record 21, English, - chinch%20bug

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[A] small (about 1/8th inch (3-4 mm)) North American insect in the order Hemiptera and family Lygaeidae.  2, record 21, English, - chinch%20bug

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

chinch bug; chinchbug: terms used at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.  4, record 21, English, - chinch%20bug

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La punaise des céréales provoque sur la pelouse des taches jaunes qui s'agrandissent au fil de la saison. Elle aspire la sève des graminées. Elle passe l'hiver dans les haies, buissons, au bord des routes et près des maisons.  2, record 21, French, - punaise%20des%20c%C3%A9r%C3%A9ales

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Insecte de la famille des Lygaeidae.  3, record 21, French, - punaise%20des%20c%C3%A9r%C3%A9ales

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

punaise des céréales : terme en usage à Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada.  4, record 21, French, - punaise%20des%20c%C3%A9r%C3%A9ales

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A range of [techniques], including traditional breeding techniques, that alter living organisms, or parts of organisms, to make or modify products; improve plants or animals; or develop microorganisms for specific agricultural uses.  9, record 22, English, - agricultural%20biotechnology

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Applications : improving crop yield; decreasing requirement for crop inputs like water, fertilizer etc. ;pest resistance incorporation; herbicide tolerance incorporation; tolerance to environmental stresses like drought, acidic or salty soil conditions, cold, heat, etc. ;improving productivity; improving nutritional value; improving shelf life.  3, record 22, English, - agricultural%20biotechnology

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Modern [agricultural] biotechnology today includes the tools of genetic engineering.  9, record 22, English, - agricultural%20biotechnology

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Biotechnologie [comprenant] les nouvelles techniques de la biologie moléculaire et de ses applications génétiques [ainsi que] diverses technologies tellesque la manipulation et le transfert de gènes, le typage de l’ADN et le clonage de gènes végétaux et animaux.  4, record 22, French, - biotechnologie%20agricole

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des entreprises de biotechnologie agricole utilisent la modification génétique de plantes et d'animaux pour combattre les défis croissants que représentent la sécheresse et la malnutrition et pour réduire l'impact environnemental de l'agriculture.  5, record 22, French, - biotechnologie%20agricole

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les biotechnologies vertes s’appliquent aux domaines de l’agriculture et de l’agroalimentaire.  4, record 22, French, - biotechnologie%20agricole

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Exposure to short-term peaks in NO₂ may cause as much or more damage to vegetation than does continuing exposure over a growing season. Growth and yield reductions may take place with minimal or no foliar injury, while it is also possible to detect extensive foliar injury no significant effects on crop yields.  1, record 23, English, - foliar%20injury

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El daño foliar (DF) consistió en el rasgado en tres partes de las láminas de todas las hojas totalmente expandidas y fotosintéticamente activas en distintos momentos del ciclo [...] y con diferente intensidad, con el quebrado o no de la nervadura central.  1, record 23, Spanish, - da%C3%B1o%20foliar

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The most profitable rate of fertilizer application taking into account value of the crop and cost of fertilizer.  2, record 24, English, - economic%20optimum

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

With a high-value crop like potatoes, the economic optimum and the maximum yield are often achieved at the same level of N. That is, it makes good economic sense to achieve the highest level of production possible.  3, record 24, English, - economic%20optimum

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dose d'engrais qui permet d'obtenir la différence maximale entre valeur de la récolte et coût des facteurs de production.  2, record 24, French, - optimum%20%C3%A9conomique

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pluriel : des optimums ou des optima.  3, record 24, French, - optimum%20%C3%A9conomique

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

optimums (pl.) : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  4, record 24, French, - optimum%20%C3%A9conomique

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A measure of crop yield.  3, record 25, English, - bushels%20per%20acre

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Table B shows the yields and resulting production using a weather-based risk model developed by the Canadian Wheat Board (CWB). For wheat, the weather model indicates that the most likely wheat yields fall within the range of 28.4 and 35.4 bushels per acre, with the most likely yield (as of June 12) being 32.6 bushels per acre.  2, record 25, English, - bushels%20per%20acre

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Can be converted to kilograms per hectare by multiplying by 67.2498.  3, record 25, English, - bushels%20per%20acre

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Term usually used in the plural.  4, record 25, English, - bushels%20per%20acre

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mesure du rendement des récoltes.  1, record 25, French, - boisseaux%20%C3%A0%20l%27acre

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le tableau B fait état du rendement et des résultats à la production produits par un modèle des risques associés au temps, développé par la CCB [Commission canadienne du blé]. Pour le blé, ce modèle indique que le rendement de blé le plus probable se situerait entre 28,4 et 35,4 boisseaux par acre (la dernière estimation, réalisée le 12 juin, situe ce rendement à 32,6 boisseaux par acre).  2, record 25, French, - boisseaux%20%C3%A0%20l%27acre

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On peut la convertir en kilogrammes par hectare en multipliant le nombre par 67.2498.  1, record 25, French, - boisseaux%20%C3%A0%20l%27acre

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

boisseaux à l'acre : pluriel d'usage.  3, record 25, French, - boisseaux%20%C3%A0%20l%27acre

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Se puede medir también en celemines por hectárea.  2, record 25, Spanish, - celemines%20por%20acre

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The period of development of a grain when the contents of the seed are still fluid and of the color of milk.  2, record 26, English, - milk%20stage

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The process of caryopsis development is divided into three stages : code 7-milk development, code 8-dough development and code 9-ripening because these stages are particularly important for yield prediction, quality, crop loss and other evaluation research  3, record 26, English, - milk%20stage

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les principaux stades du grain sont : - le stade laiteux [où] le grain a pris sa forme et ses dimensions définitives; il est jaune pâle et son contenu est laiteux.  3, record 26, French, - stade%20grain%20laiteux

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This implies that significant advances in the understanding of the wheat plant and grain biology must occur in order to increase absolute yield as well as protect the crop from 25% loss due to biotic(pests) and abiotic stress(heat, drought, and salinity).  2, record 27, English, - grain%20biology

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term used at the Canadian Grain Commission.  3, record 27, English, - grain%20biology

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Photos gracieusement fournies par l'unité de biologie des grains et l'unité de mycologie du Laboratoire de recherches sur les grains.  2, record 27, French, - biologie%20des%20grains

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme en usage à la Commission canadienne des grains.  3, record 27, French, - biologie%20des%20grains

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Grain weight calculated as a percentage of total yield [evaluation of a cereal crop].  1, record 28, English, - harvest%20index

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mesure de productivité grainière d'une culture de céréale  1, record 28, French, - indice%20de%20moisson

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Al respecto, se han empleado varias medidas de eficiencia de planta en cereales, entre las cuales el índice de cosecha es una de ellas. El término índice de cosecha, expresa el rendimiento económico (granos) en porcentaje del rendimiento biológico (materia seca total de la parte aérea de la planta a la madurez).  1, record 28, Spanish, - %C3%ADndice%20de%20cosecha

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

However, where fertilizer N rate requirements are high, the application of seed and fertilizer together may result in damage to crop stand establishment and final grain yield. [Source : ethanol project-Ajnplmt. en p. 1].  1, record 29, English, - crop%20stand%20establishment

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La plupart des producteurs sont séduits par la perspective de semer et d'appliquer l'engrais en une même opération. Toutefois, lorsqu'une dose élevée d'azote est requise, cette opération combinée peut nuire à l'établissement des cultures et abaisser le rendement final en grains. [Source : projet éthanol - Ajnplmt.fr p. 1].  1, record 29, French, - %C3%A9tablissement%20des%20cultures

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The annual or periodic removal of trees(particularly the mature), individually or in small groups(group-selection cutting... group selection felling...) from an uneven-aged forest in order to realize the yield and establish a new crop of irregular constitution.  1, record 30, English, - selection%20cutting

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Coupe annuelle ou périodique d'arbres choisis individuellement ou par petits groupes (jardinage par bouquets), dans un peuplement inéquienne, pour en récolter la production et amener ce peuplement à une structure jardinée équilibrée (ou l'y maintenir), en assurant les soins culturaux nécessaires aux arbres en croissance et/ou l'installation de semis.  3, record 30, French, - coupe%20de%20jardinage

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ces coupes ont un caractère mixte de régénération et amélioration.  3, record 30, French, - coupe%20de%20jardinage

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Corta de pies con ciertas características de diámetro, altura, edad o aspecto, en montes de estructura irregular.  3, record 30, Spanish, - corta%20de%20entresaca

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Corta por entresaca. Se considera así, cuando se mantenga una densidad uniforme a lo largo de todo el rodal en explotación superior a los 150 pies/hectárea de ejemplares adultos o en buen estado de crecimiento.  2, record 30, Spanish, - corta%20de%20entresaca

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

agronomic characteristics : Plant characteristics(disease resistance, lodging, yield) that are important to crop production(Grains & Oilseeds, CIGI, 1982).  2, record 31, English, - agronomic%20characteristic

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Of a crop.  3, record 31, English, - agronomic%20characteristic

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Term usually used in the plural.  4, record 31, English, - agronomic%20characteristic

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

caractéristiques agronomiques : Caractéristiques des plantes (résistance aux maladies, à la verse, rendement, etc.) qui sont importants dans la production de récoltes (Céréales et Oléagineux, IICG, 1984).  3, record 31, French, - propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20agronomique

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 OBS

d'une plante.  2, record 31, French, - propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20agronomique

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Termes habituellement utilisés au pluriel.  4, record 31, French, - propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20agronomique

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chlorophyll content is an essential biochemical parameter to track the main developmental stages and yield of cereals relevant for agriculture. In this perspective, several spectral chlorophyll indices have been developed to estimate chlorophyll content at both the leaf and canopy levels using remote sensing data and considering different crop types.  1, record 32, English, - chlorophyll%20content

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La teneur en chlorophylle est un indicateur direct de la santé de la plante et de son niveau de nutrition azotée. Elle peut être mesurée par un chlorophyllomètre ou un dosage spectrométrique ce qui permet aux agronomes, aux chercheurs et aux agriculteurs d'obtenir des informations fiables sur la culture ou la physiologie de la plante.  2, record 32, French, - teneur%20en%20chlorophylle

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Among the changes included in the 2009 program are :yield trending, under which yields will be increased to simulate agronomic advancements, which may include improved farm management practices, technology, equipment and new or genetically modified(GM) crop varieties...  2, record 33, English, - yield%20trending

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The nutrient requirement of a plant individual or population is defined as the amount of nutrients that has to be absorbed per unit of time to maintain its biomass.  2, record 34, English, - nutrient%20requirement

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In order to grow, plants need light, heat, mechanical support, air, water, and nutrients... Plant nutrients are comprised of the fourteen essential elements that plants obtain from the soil. Some are required in relatively large quantities. Others are needed only in very small amounts. In soils, the nutrients most likely to be limiting are nitrogen and phosphorus. When soil nutrients cannot produce a good crop yield, additional nutrients must be added. Applying too little nutrient will limit yield. Applying too much does not make economic sense and can harm the environment.  3, record 34, English, - nutrient%20requirement

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term is usually used in the plural form.  4, record 34, English, - nutrient%20requirement

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les plantes ont besoin de 16 éléments nutritifs essentiels. Parmi ceux-ci, on retrouve le carbone (C), l'oxygène (O) et l'hydrogène (H) qui sont extraits de l'eau et de l'air. Les éléments restants sont puisés dans le sol. On les divise en éléments primaires (majeurs), secondaires et mineurs (oligo-éléments).  3, record 34, French, - besoin%20nutritif

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

besoin nutritif; besoin en nutriments : termes généralement utilisés au pluriel.  4, record 34, French, - besoin%20nutritif

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Each year the Ontario Oil and Protein Seed Crop Committee(OOPSCC) assesses soybean varieties for traits such as yield, lodging, seed weight, height, SCN resistance and more.  2, record 35, English, - Ontario%20Oil%20and%20Protein%20Seed%20Crop%20Committee

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cropping and use of nitrogen fertilizers are two main sources of soil acidity while another contributor is rainfall.  2, record 36, English, - soil%20acidity

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In acidic soils, aluminium and manganese can reach concentrations toxic to roots, and there may be deficiencies in molybdenum, calcium, magnesium and potassium. These actions result in slowed growth and therefore poor crop yield.  3, record 36, English, - soil%20acidity

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On mesure l'acidité d'un sol par le pH d'une suspension de sol dans l'eau distillée.  2, record 36, French, - acidit%C3%A9%20du%20sol

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Medida de la cantidad de iones hidrógeno disponibles en un suelo.  1, record 36, Spanish, - acidez%20del%20suelo

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. This report evaluates the environmental and economic impacts of the Federal-Provincial Crop Insurance Program which provides protection to participating agricultural producers against crop yield risk. It estimates the regional and national impact that Crop Insurance has on resource use, and provides estimates of the associated environmental consequences.  1, record 37, English, - Federal%2DProvincial%20Crop%20Insurance%20Program%20%2D%20An%20Integrated%20Environmental%2DEconomic%20Assessment

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada. Ce rapport contient une évaluation de l'incidence écolo-économique du programme fédéral-provincial d'assurance-récolte, dont l'objet est de garantir aux producteurs agricoles qui y souscrivent une protection contre la perte éventuelle de leurs récoltes. Il donne une estimation des répercussions que l'assurance-récolte pourrait avoir sur l'utilisation des ressources aux niveaux régional et national ainsi que de ses conséquences sur le plan environnemental.  1, record 37, French, - Programme%20f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ral%2Dprovincial%20d%27assurance%2Dr%C3%A9colte%20%2D%20Une%20%C3%A9valuation%20int%C3%A9gr%C3%A9e%20%C3%A9colo%2D%C3%A9conomique

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Identification of mechanisms by which plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) affect plants is required to obtain consistent or predictable increases in crop yields using PGPR. We conducted an outdoor lysimeter study using twelve glass-fronted rhizotrons to determine if inoculation with a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens might benefit spring wheat yield by altering root growth. Inoculated and uninoculated treatments were either well-watered or subjected to terminal drought with just one surface irrigation at anthesis.  2, record 38, English, - terminal%20drought

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plusieurs études ont signalé un apport accru de carbone dans les processus souterrains. Un aspect important à considérer à ce point dans la revue de littérature est que la plupart des expériences concernent la croissance de plantes pendant une courte période dans un volume de sol limité à un pot ou de la taille d'un bac. Dans une étude avec des herbes et du trèfle cultivés en bac, on montre que, au cours d'une période de sécheresse terminale se développant vite, l'efficience de l'utilisation de l'eau est presque doublée et que le stress apparaît plus tard à une [CO2] élevée. Ces conditions améliorent donc la possibilité d'éviter le stress de sécheresse.  2, record 38, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20terminale

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  2, record 38, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20terminale

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  3, record 38, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20terminale

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An index used to gage the severity of drought conditions by using a water balance equation to track water supply and demand.  7, record 39, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Palmer Index was developed by Wayne Palmer in the 1960s and uses temperature and rainfall information in a formula to determine dryness. It has become the semi-official drought index. The Palmer Index is most effective in determining long term drought-a matter of several months-and is not as good with short-term forecasts (a matter of weeks). It uses a 0 as normal, and drought is shown in terms of minus numbers; for example, minus 2 is moderate drought, minus 3 is severe drought, and minus 4 is extreme drought. ... The Palmer Index can also reflect excess rain using a corresponding level reflected by plus figures; i.e., 0 is normal, plus 2 is moderate rainfall, etc.  8, record 39, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) ... compares the actual amount of precipitation received in an area during a specified period with the normal or average amount expected during that same period. It was developed to measure lack of moisture over a relatively long period of time and is based on the supply and demand concept of a water balance equation. Included in the equation are amount of evaporation, soil recharge, and runoff and temperature and precipitation data.  9, record 39, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 3 CONT

PALMER DROUGHT INDEX [is] a long-term meteorological drought severity index produced by the NOAA/USDA (Department of Agriculture) Joint Agricultural Weather Facility [that] depicts prolonged times, as in months or years, of abnormal dryness or wetness [over large regions]. It responds slowly, changing little from week to week, and reflects long-term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as evapotranspiration.  10, record 39, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 4 CONT

Literature describing the suite of indices for measuring drought that are collectively known as "PDI"; including the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index (PHDI) ...  5, record 39, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Palmer Index has long been used by the agriculture community to anticipate the potential effects of weather on crop development and yield.  11, record 39, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Palmer Drought Index [is] published periodically by the Joint Agricultural Weather Facility.  11, record 39, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 3 OBS

... this [PDSI] index is calculated weekly by the National Weather Service [(United States)].  7, record 39, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il est donc évident que les États-Unis reçoivent plus de pluies, plutôt que l'inverse. Cela peut se vérifier en examinant les indices hydrologiques, tels que l'indice Palmer de gravité de sécheresse qui mesure à la fois les sécheresses et les précipitations extrêmes.  5, record 39, French, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 CONT

De nombreux indices de sécheresse ont été élaborés pour tenter de combiner les divers paramètres influant sur les sécheresses en un chiffre unique. À titre d'exemple, citons l'indice de précipitation cumulative, fondé sur un paramètre unique, celui des précipitations, et l'indice Palmer de gravité de sécheresse, plus complexe, basé sur une analyse en profondeur du bilan des eaux superficielles et une comparaison entre les valeurs réelles et les valeurs possibles compte tenu du climat.  6, record 39, French, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  7, record 39, French, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  8, record 39, French, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fixing the price and selling the next crop of grapes before the yield or quality are known.  1, record 40, English, - sale%20on%20the%20vine

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vente avant la récolte [des raisins], après estimation [...] entre vendeur et acheteur, la récolte étant effectuée par ce dernier.  1, record 40, French, - vente%20sur%20pied

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A judgment of the approximate volume or yield of a crop or of a timber stand made from incomplete data.  3, record 41, English, - estimate

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plant misses in the potato crop may be due to disease or environmental factors affecting growth of tuber seed pieces. Pathogens often associated with plant misses are Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Erwinia carotovora and Pythium spp. Gaps, missing hills or delayed emergence may have little effect on the crop but misses that exceed 10% of the planted seed will have serious consequences on the yield, quality(size and shape) and disease levels in the harvested crop. Sometimes plant misses are not associated with rotted seed but are due to cultural or physiological causes.  2, record 42, English, - miss

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les manques présents dans la culture de pommes de terre peuvent être attribuables à la maladie ou à des facteurs environnementaux qui affectent les plantons. Les agents pathogènes souvent responsables des manques sont Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Erwinia carotovora et Pythium sp. Les vides, les touffes manquantes et la levée tardive peuvent être assez inoffensifs pour la culture, mais les manques qui représentent plus de 10% de la semence ont de graves conséquences sur le rendement, sur la qualité (taille et forme) et sur le taux de maladie dans la récolte. Il arrive que les manques ne sont pas causés par une semence pourrie, mais plutôt par des facteurs culturaux ou physiologiques.  1, record 42, French, - manque

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the past, many regions have produced high protein wheat without the need of fertilisers because of the high natural fertility of the soils. However as the age of cultivation increases, nitrogen fertility has declined requiring growers to add nitrogenous fertiliser, rotate with leguminous crops or use ley pastures to maintain crop yields and grain quality.  1, record 43, English, - high%20protein%20wheat

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Because nitrogen is a primary constituent of grain protein, wheat of a high percentage protein is produced only where the crop is provided with an adequate nitrogen supply. So highly fertile soil is an essential ingredient for producing high quality wheat. The grain protein percentage is further modified by the grain yield of the crop. Increasing the yield of grain has a diluting effect on grain protein. This is why in dry seasons or seasons of low grain yield, a larger proportion of the crop is of a high protein percentage, whereas in seasons of high yield, wheat of high quality is in scarce supply.  1, record 43, English, - high%20protein%20wheat

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce blé de force à haute teneur en protéines (supérieure à 12.5 %) et fort W subit un processus d'homogénéisation au silo afin de gommer les irrégularités de chaque lot.  1, record 43, French, - bl%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20haute%20teneur%20en%20prot%C3%A9ines

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

After the pods are removed from the stem, crop residues provide good fodder for livestock. In this study, fodder yield(crop residue) and crude protein yield were 715 kg/ha to 2, 080 kg/ha and 75 kg/ha to 217 kg/ha, respectively...  2, record 44, English, - fodder%20yield

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Development of improved and diversified germplasm is essential to produce new varieties of sorghum having high grain and fodder yield potential.  3, record 44, English, - fodder%20yield

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Brome hybride AC Knowles. Élaboré à partir de croisements du brome inerme et du brome des prés, produit un rendement fourrager élevé comme le brome inerme, et offre une repousse rapide propice à l'exploitation en pâturages comme le brome des prés.  2, record 44, French, - rendement%20fourrager

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rendement fourrager : terme extrait du Glossaire de l'agriculture anglais/français et reproduit avec l'autorisation de l'OCDE.  3, record 44, French, - rendement%20fourrager

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A crop sown along with another crop ...  5, record 45, English, - associated%20crop

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Do not plant cereal or canola as a companion or "nurse" crop, says Acharya. Research shows that companion crops vigorously compete with the forage crop for valuable nutrients, water and sunlight. "Even after four or five years, the effect of the companion crop shows up in reduced yield, "he says. "The increased forage brings in more income by far, than that from the companion crop. "  4, record 45, English, - associated%20crop

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

companion crop: used particularly for small grain with which a forage crop is sown.  5, record 45, English, - associated%20crop

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Companion crop is preferred to the term "nurse crop."  5, record 45, English, - associated%20crop

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mode d'exploitation consistant à mélanger sur une même parcelle deux ou plusieurs espèces végétales différentes.  3, record 45, French, - culture%20associ%C3%A9e

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une réduction substantielle des pertes de sol est un autre avantage des rotations de cultures. La recherche indique que la culture du blé avec le trèfle rouge comme culture compagne une année sur quatre réduit l'érosion du sol de 75 pour cent par rapport à une rotation maïs/soja.  2, record 45, French, - culture%20associ%C3%A9e

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce type de mise en valeur s'oppose à la culture pure d'une seule espèce. Il y a des associations culturales favorables et d'autres défavorables. [...] En conditions climatiques difficiles, les associations culturales sont généralement très favorables sinon indispensables à une bonne mise en valeur du milieu : l'association est la règle presque absolue dans les oasis. Les prés-vergers de Normandie, les vignobles cultivés de Bresse, les prairies, les mélanges fourragers (vesce-avoine), [...] les pâturages boisés, par exemple, constituent des cultures associées. [...] Si ce mode de culture a décliné ces dernières décennies et est jugé rétrograde par certains, c'est parce qu'il est apparu, dans certains cas, difficilement compatible avec la grosse mécanisation. La création et le développement d'un machinisme agricole adapté pourraient redonner quelque chance à ce mode de culture.  3, record 45, French, - culture%20associ%C3%A9e

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cultivo simultáneo de dos o más plantas de interés agrícola , en una misma parcela.  1, record 45, Spanish, - asociaci%C3%B3n%20de%20cultivos

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cultivo asociado : término que normalmente se utiliza en el plural (cultivos asociados).  4, record 45, Spanish, - asociaci%C3%B3n%20de%20cultivos

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fruit crops give yield after 1 to 5 years. Land remains unoccupied due to large spacing in fruit trees. Growing vegetables like brinjal, tomato, ladies finger or beans in fruit crops gives early returns and help in conserving land without hurting the main crop.  2, record 46, English, - large%20spacing%20crop

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sarclage à la houe Manga: station de Saria, Burkina Faso. La houe Manga permet de travailler superficiellement la terre après les premières pluies pour détruire à la fois la croûte de battance et les jeunes semis des adventices. Plus tard, une légère modification permet de sarcler et butter les cultures à large espacement (céréales, arachides, coton...) [...]  3, record 46, French, - culture%20%C3%A0%20grand%20%C3%A9cartement

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le sarclage avec des bineuses est une technique connue depuis longtemps et qui est très efficace dans l'interligne. Les bineuses pouvant être employées dans pratiquement toutes les cultures en lignes à écartement suffisant, sont un matériel particulièrement précieux pour la lutte contre les mauvaise herbes. [...] On peut aussi placer sur chaque élément 1 cour (au milieu) et 2 lames simples (une de chaque côté) pour les cultures à grand écartement.  1, record 46, French, - culture%20%C3%A0%20grand%20%C3%A9cartement

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Cette méthode [micro-irrigation] n'est pas aussi polyvalente que l'aspersion, mais ses avantages peuvent se révéler très intéressants dans certaines situations particulières : cultures à grands espacements (arbres fruitiers, vigne), cultures en conteneurs [...]  2, record 46, French, - culture%20%C3%A0%20grand%20%C3%A9cartement

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Soybeans are a self-pollinated crop. They are grown as a full-season crop and yield generally decreases in earlier varieties. All but the earliest varieties also are sensitive to day length, flowering faster under short days. Therefore varieties are adapted over narrow bands of latitude and heat units. As a result, selection of adapted varieties is crucial and numerous varieties have been developed by both public and private plant breeding programs. Many of these varieties are of U. S. origin but have been licensed for sale in Canada.  3, record 47, English, - self%2Dpollinated%20crop

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le soja est une plante à pollinisation directe. Sa culture prend toute la saison et les variétés précoces donnent généralement un rendement inférieur. Toutes les variétés, sauf les variétés précoces sont sensibles à la photopériode, et fleurissent plus vite lorsque les jours sont courts. Les variétés sont donc adaptées à des latitudes et à des climats étroitement définis. La sélection de variétés adaptées est donc très importante, et de nombreuses variétés ont été créées dans le cadre de programmes de sélection publics et privés. Bon nombre de ces variétés proviennent des États-Unis, mais elles ont été homologuées au Canada.  1, record 47, French, - plante%20%C3%A0%20pollinisation%20directe

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par opposition à cross-pollinated allogame.  2, record 47, French, - plante%20%C3%A0%20pollinisation%20directe

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The team's intent is to relate environmental variables(such as soil drainage class) and manageable factors(irrigation, fertiliser) to crop yield and quality using relatively low-cost information obtained through aerial photography and yield mapping.  2, record 48, English, - drainage%20class

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chacune des catégories définies pour indiquer la quantité d'eau disponible pour les plantes, la vitesse d'évacuation des surplus, ainsi que la fréquence et la durée des périodes pendant lesquelles le sol est saturé.  2, record 48, French, - classe%20de%20drainage

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rice yellow mottle virus(RYMV) causes serious disease in lowland and irrigated rice systems in West and East Africa resulting in loss of yield and sometimes total crop failure. Intensive agriculture has caused the disease to spread and increase in incidence.  2, record 49, English, - rice%20yellow%20mottle

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La panachure jaune du riz (Rice Yellow Mottle) est la principale maladie qui affect la riziculture irriguée en Afrique et à Madagascar. Transmise par un coléoptère, elle est due à un virus de la famille des Sobémovirus, identifié en 1966 pour la première fois au Kenya par un chercheur néerlandais, puis en 1977 en Côte d'Ivoire par des virologues de l'IRD. Depuis, le virus s'est répandu à la faveur de l'introduction dans les rizières africaines de variétés de riz productives mais très sensibles à celui-ci et à la suite de l'intensification de la riziculture. Extrêmement virulent, il peut détruire la quasi totalité d'une récolte.  2, record 49, French, - virus%20de%20la%20panachure%20jaune%20du%20riz

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Phosphorus should be placed with the seed at rates of 15 to 25 pounds per acre(depending on the results from the soil test). Research in Alberta has shown that seed-placed phosphorus is usually more effective than banded phosphorus. Insufficient phosphorus may reduce plant vigour, winter survival, crop yield and crop quality.  2, record 50, English, - plant%20vigour

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The state of any plant manifesting abnormally early maturity and a poor yield due to a pathogenic cause.  2, record 51, English, - shrivelling

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The general aim of plant breeders was to produce a grain that combined the hardiness, vigour, environmental tolerance and disease resistance of rye with the superior grain yield and quality characteristics of wheat. Originally many problems were encountered such as floret infertility, susceptibility to ergot, grain shrivelling and late maturity. These obstacles to successful production of triticale have been gradually overcome and triticale has become a significant crop in several countries such as Poland, Germany and Australia.  3, record 51, English, - shrivelling