TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Structurally, the signaling molecules used by plants and animals range in complexity from simple gases to proteins. Some of these molecules carry signals over long distances, whereas others act locally to convey information between neighboring cells. In addition, signaling molecules differ in their mode of action on their target cells. Some signaling molecules are able to cross the plasma membrane and bind to intracellular receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus, whereas most bind to receptors expressed on the target cell surface.  3, record 1, English, - signaling%20molecule

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

De nombreux types cellulaires sécrètent des molécules de signalisation, de nature biochimique variée, qui agissent à plus ou moins longue distance. [...] Les molécules de signalisation peuvent être hydrophobes, comme les stéroïdes traversant les membranes pour activer leur récepteur intracytoplasmique, ou hydrophiles comme les neurotransmetteurs et la plupart des hormones, activant alors des récepteurs à la surface membranaire.  3, record 1, French, - mol%C3%A9cule%20de%20signalisation

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nanogel is a term used to describe any mixture of nano-sized particles or fibers with a gel, usually protein-based. They have the ability to cross into the cells of living organisms.  2, record 2, English, - nanogel

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

There has been interest in applying nanogels to drug delivery systems, such as protein delivery and gene delivery. In general, chemically cross-linked nanogels are synthesized by microemulsion polymerization or a crosslinking reaction of intra-associated polymer molecules. We develop tailor-made functional nanogels to create novel nanobiomaterials (nanogel engineering) by the self-assembly of functional associating polymers as building blocks. In particular, nanogels of cholesteryl group-bearing pullulan (CHP) selectively interact with proteins as a host and are useful as artificial molecular chaperone and drug carriers such as cancer immune therapy.  3, record 2, English, - nanogel

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nanogels pour la délivrance auto-régulée d'insuline destinés au traitement du diabète.  2, record 2, French, - nanogel

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Los nanogeles [...] son partículas de dimensiones coloidales constituidas por una estructura polimérica entrecruzada física o químicamente que puede hincharse por absorción de grandes cantidades de disolvente, pero que no se disuelven debido a la estructura de la red que los constituye.  1, record 2, Spanish, - nanogel

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La sensibilidad a las condiciones del medio de los nanogeles es una propiedad muy ventajosa si se trata de aplicaciones relacionadas con la dosificación de fármacos ya que permite obtener una respuesta bajo condiciones de pH y temperatura biológicas.  1, record 2, Spanish, - nanogel

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

… few-group data are calculated on the basis of the generated by step one multi-group or pointwise data using transport calculations over fuel cells or sub-assemblies. These calculations are carried out using so-called cell codes and as a result the cross sections are now homogenised and condensed to few energy groups.  1, record 3, English, - cell%20code

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les méthodes de conception, on partage le calcul en deux parties, ce qui permet de traiter indépendamment les deux niveaux d’hétérogénéité : — d’une part, l’interaction des neutrons avec la matière, avec ses spécificités énergétiques et spatiales qui relèvent d’effets locaux liés à la géométrie des milieux, à la dépendance énergétique des sections efficaces et à la distribution des neutrons en énergie (spectre neutronique). Ce premier aspect comporte une modélisation très précise et détaillée des milieux physiques à un nombre élevé de groupes d’énergie, mais limitée à une région restreinte en espace (de l’ordre du libre parcours moyen des neutrons). Il est traité par les codes de cellule, appelés aussi codes de spectre, dont le rôle principal est celui de générer des sections efficaces pour les calculs de cœur.  1, record 3, French, - code%20de%20cellule

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To subject blood to cross matching.  1, record 4, English, - cross%2Dmatch

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cross matching : The testing for compatibility of a donor's and a recipient's blood prior to transfusion, in which serum of each is mixed with red blood cells of the other and observed for hemagglutination.  2, record 4, English, - cross%2Dmatch

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two main categories of molecule transport exist in cells, active transport and passive transport... For small molecules such as oxygen, ethanol, and carbon dioxide, the molecules could easily cross the membrane via passive transport, in the form of simple diffusion through a concentration gradient...  2, record 5, English, - passive%20transport

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Entraînement d'ions ou de petites molécules au travers d'une membrane biologique par un solvant, le plus souvent d'eau.  1, record 5, French, - transport%20passif

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The basidium of the Uredinales and Ustilaginales. It is formed on germination of the resting spores of these fungi and is usually divided by cross walls into a number of cells.  1, record 6, English, - promycelium

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sorte de tube germinatif produit par une probaside chez les Urédinales (rouilles) et les Ustilaginales (charbons).  1, record 6, French, - promyc%C3%AAlium

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A rhabdomyosarcoma having large, atypical tumor cells, some showing abundant cytoplasm with cross striations characteristic of skeletal muscle differentiation.(From source a).  2, record 7, English, - pleomorphic%20rhabdomyosarcoma

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Muscles are made of cells, filaments, which slip one on top of another... tension generated by cross bridge activity is transmitted to the muscle cells surfaces and then through the connective tissue wrappings to the load(the muscle insertion) before work is done. All of these non contractile structures are collectively called the series-elastic element, since they are able to stretch and recoil.  1, record 8, English, - series%20%2D%20elastic%20element

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mis à part les éléments contractiles du muscle, le déroulement de la contraction est influencé par le comportement de divers éléments élastiques (...). Des composants élastiques en série sont en partie situés en dehors du muscle (tendons), le reste étant localisé à l'intérieur des cellules. Les autres éléments sont disposés en parallèle.  1, record 8, French, - composants%20%C3%A9lastiques%20en%20s%C3%A9rie

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Il faut envisager la présence d'éléments élastiques séries (zone charnière des filaments de myosine, filaments d'actine, stries Z, et tendons ) (...)  2, record 8, French, - composants%20%C3%A9lastiques%20en%20s%C3%A9rie

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Muscles are made of cells, filaments, which slip one on top of another... tension generated by cross bridge activity is transmitted to the muscle cells surfaces and then through the connective tissue wrappings to the load(the muscle insertion) before work is done. All of these non contractile structures are collectively called the series-elastic element, since they are able to stretch and recoil.  1, record 9, English, - series%2Delastic%20element

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mis à part les éléments contractiles du muscle, le déroulement de la contraction est influencé par le comportement de divers éléments élastiques (...). Des composants élastiques en série sont en partie situés en dehors du muscle (tendons), le reste étant localisé à l'intérieur des cellules. Les autres éléments sont disposés en parallèle.  1, record 9, French, - composants%20%C3%A9lastiques%20en%20s%C3%A9rie

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Il faut envisager la présence d'éléments élastiques séries (zone charnière des filaments de myosine, filaments d'actine, stries Z, et tendons ) (...)  2, record 9, French, - composants%20%C3%A9lastiques%20en%20s%C3%A9rie

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the ram-air canopy... is rectangular in plan and has an aerofoil cross section, this making it look very like an inflated wing.... Most have seven inflatable cells and a wing area of some 250 sq. ft, with the canopy weighing about 7-8lb.  1, record 10, English, - ram%2Dair%20canopy

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Voilure constituée de caissons dont le profil est semblable à une aile d'avion, ouverte à l'avant et dont le gonflement est assuré par un ensemble de lois aérodynamiques.  2, record 10, French, - parachute%2Daile

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...) les parachutes dits "ailes" ou voilures planantes, (...) étaient considérés comme expérimentaux (...) ils constituent aujourd'hui le décor habituel du ciel parachutiste (...)  1, record 10, French, - parachute%2Daile

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Designate an urban cell reserved for local traffic. A town is divided into a number of "precincts" surrounded by a heavy traffic roads and designed to "keep away or discourage" any cross traffic. This principle is applied to break into cells not only the residential areas, but also the central districts  1, record 11, English, - precinct

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish