TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A substance that promotes or regulates intermolecular covalent or ionic bonding between polymer chains.  3, record 1, English, - crosslinking%20agent

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Polymers. ... In addition to the monomers, this includes other reactants such as catalysts, free radical initiators, cross-linking and chain transfer agents that are intended to become chemically incorporated into the polymer structure.  4, record 1, English, - crosslinking%20agent

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Crosslinking may also be produced by radiation.  3, record 1, English, - crosslinking%20agent

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

crosslinking agent : term and definition standardized by ISO [International Organization for Standardization].  5, record 1, English, - crosslinking%20agent

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Substance qui initie ou régularise la réaction de réticulation entre des chaînes de polymères.  3, record 1, French, - agent%20de%20r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La réticulation peut être aussi obtenue au moyen de radiations.  3, record 1, French, - agent%20de%20r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

agent de réticulation; réticulant : termes et définition normalisés par l'ISO [Organisation internationale de normalisation].  4, record 1, French, - agent%20de%20r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 OBS

agent de réticulation : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  5, record 1, French, - agent%20de%20r%C3%A9ticulation

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sustancia que promueve o regula los enlaces intermoleculares covalentes o iónicos entre cadenas de polímeros.  1, record 1, Spanish, - agente%20de%20reticulaci%C3%B3n

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Crosslinking... involves the addition of the appropriate amount of crosslinking agent to an enzyme solution under conditions which give rise to the formation of multiple covalent bonds.... The reagents required for crosslinking possess two identical functional groups(homobifunctional reagents) or two or more different functional groups(heterobi-or heteromulti-functional reagents), the latter being more common in binding enzymes to insoluble carriers than in intermolecular crosslinking reactions. The main reagents used contain : carboxyl functional groups,... diazo groups,... isocyanate groups,... alkyl iodides and iodoacetamides.  1, record 2, English, - crosslinking%20agent

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les agents de couplage enzyme-support sont en bonne règle des agents bifonctionnels, actifs dans des conditions douces (glutaraldéhyde, carbodiimides, etc.). Souvent, la liaison n'est pas effectuée en une seule étape, mais le support est d'abord activé, puis la protéine lui est fixée. Cette approche, qui n'a pas encore eu d'usage industriel à grande échelle à proprement parler, est en fait réservée à des enzymes rares, du fait du prix des opérations. Cependant, les produits obtenus sont particulièrement stables.  1, record 2, French, - agent%20de%20couplage

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Molécula que posee grupos funcionales diferentes o similares, y que es capaz de reaccionar con las moléculas superficiales de dos sustancias diferentes, provocando con ello puentes intermoleculares entre las sustancias.  1, record 2, Spanish, - agente%20de%20acople

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A chemical compound which is used as a crosslinking agent for alkyds, epoxies, cellulosics, and vinyls.  6, record 3, English, - N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27%2CN%27%27%2CN%27%27%2Dhexakis%28methoxymethyl%29%2D1%2C3%2C5%2Dtriazine%2D2%2C4%2C6%2Dtriamine

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vial Reactions with Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) Analysis. Solutions containing amines, MF resins and p-TSA were heated to cause self-condensation (oligomerization) of the MF resin. ... These studies included two MF crosslinkers, Resimene 745 (R745) and Resimene 735 (R735). R745 is a hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM) and R735 is a high methylol type.  7, record 3, English, - N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27%2CN%27%27%2CN%27%27%2Dhexakis%28methoxymethyl%29%2D1%2C3%2C5%2Dtriazine%2D2%2C4%2C6%2Dtriamine

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Crosslinker resins for coil coating materials. ... Amino resins, primarily hexamethoxymethylmelamine resins, are the most commonly used crosslinkers. Their technical strengths lie in their high reactivity with polyols and the high crosslinking density, which is achievable.  8, record 3, English, - N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27%2CN%27%27%2CN%27%27%2Dhexakis%28methoxymethyl%29%2D1%2C3%2C5%2Dtriazine%2D2%2C4%2C6%2Dtriamine

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

N,N,N’,N’,N’’,N’’-hexakis(methoxymethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine: the capital letters "N" must be italicized; form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).  9, record 3, English, - N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27%2CN%27%27%2CN%27%27%2Dhexakis%28methoxymethyl%29%2D1%2C3%2C5%2Dtriazine%2D2%2C4%2C6%2Dtriamine

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₅H₃₀N₆O₆  6, record 3, English, - N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27%2CN%27%27%2CN%27%27%2Dhexakis%28methoxymethyl%29%2D1%2C3%2C5%2Dtriazine%2D2%2C4%2C6%2Dtriamine

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Produit se présentant sous la forme de cristaux blancs, dont le point de fusion se situe à 55 °C, peu soluble dans l'eau, soluble dans des solvants organiques, utilisé comme agent de réticulation pour résines.  4, record 3, French, - N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27%2CN%27%27%2CN%27%27%2Dhexakis%28m%C3%A9thoxym%C3%A9thyl%29%2D1%2C3%2C5%2Dtriazine%2D2%2C4%2C6%2Dtriami%20ne

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexakis(méthoxyméthyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine : Les lettres majuscules «N» s'écrivent en italique; forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée).  3, record 3, French, - N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27%2CN%27%27%2CN%27%27%2Dhexakis%28m%C3%A9thoxym%C3%A9thyl%29%2D1%2C3%2C5%2Dtriazine%2D2%2C4%2C6%2Dtriami%20ne

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₅H₃₀N₆O₆  4, record 3, French, - N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27%2CN%27%27%2CN%27%27%2Dhexakis%28m%C3%A9thoxym%C3%A9thyl%29%2D1%2C3%2C5%2Dtriazine%2D2%2C4%2C6%2Dtriami%20ne

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A colorless, crystalline tetrachelate;... soluble in pyridine, acetone, benzene, and other organic solvents having some polarity; slightly soluble in water.... Use :Crosslinking agent for polyol, polyester, and polylkyoxy resins; lubricant and grease additive; reagent; catalyst.  2, record 4, English, - zirconium%20acetylacetonate

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chemical formula: Zn[OC(CH₃):CHCO(CH₃)]₄  3, record 4, English, - zirconium%20acetylacetonate

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : Zn[OC(CH₃):CHCO(CH₃)]₄  2, record 4, French, - ac%C3%A9tylac%C3%A9tonate%20de%20zirconium

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme immobilization method is based on the formation of covalent bonds between enzyme molecules, by means of bi-or multi-functional reagents, leading to three-dimensional crosslinked aggregates which are completely insoluble in water but which do not require the use of water insoluble carriers. This method involves the addition of the appropriate amount of crosslinking agent to an enzyme solution under conditions which give rise to the formation of multiple covalent bonds.  2, record 5, English, - crosslinking

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Biologically active substances such as enzymes are immobilized in the pores of a porous support material by introducing a solution of the biologically active substance into the pores of the support material, treating the active substance in the pores to temporarily retain the active substance in the pores and immobilizing the active substance in the pores by crosslinking. Temporary retention of the active substance in the pores may be carried out by precipitation with a precipitating agent or by freeze drying.  3, record 5, English, - crosslinking

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Optimum conditions for obtaining maximum insolubility whilst retaining high enzymic activity must unfortunately be determined for each system by trial and error until sufficient is known about the enzyme’s primary, secondary, and tertiary structures to allow prediction of the best conditions which will exhibit minimal distortion of the enzyme upon its reaction to give a crosslinked immobilized enzyme.  1, record 5, English, - crosslinking

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé d'immobilisation chimique d'une enzyme en l'absence de support par la mise en jeu de liaisons intermoléculaires de type covalent entre l'enzyme et un agent bi ou multifonctionnel.  1, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les techniques d'immobilisation ou de confinement d'enzymes ou autre matériel biologique se sont largement développées ces dernières années. Parmi les méthodes utilisées pour la réalisation d'électrodes à enzymes, la fixation covalente sur des supports insolubles préalablement activés, la réticulation, l'inclusion dans un gel ainsi que le confinement d'enzymes en solution sont les plus employées.  2, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La technique de réticulation entre enzymes et protéines inactives donne souvent des complexes de haute activité et de grande résistance à la dégradation protéolytique que l'on explique par des phénomènes d'encombrement stérique.  3, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

On parle de Coréticulation dans le cas d'immobilisation chimique simultanée d'une enzyme et d'un support de nature protéique par un agent bifonctionnel.  1, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9ticulation

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A low-formaldehyde chemical finishing agent for crosslinking cotton and other cellulose fibers.  1, record 6, English, - dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A low-formaldehyde chemical finishing agent for crosslinking cotton and other cellulose fibers.  1, record 7, English, - dimethylolethyleneurea

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Microporous nonfibrous filter membrane... in the pores of which... an enzyme capable of bringing about a specific chemical alteration in a substrate has been crosslinked by means of a bifunctional coupling agent.... Enzyme membranes of this process are prepared by first impregnating the membrane pores with a suitable enzyme. This can be done either by forcing an enzyme solution through the pores of the membrane or by immersing the membrane in the enzyme solution for 3 to 10 hours, thereby allowing the enzyme molecules to diffuse into the pores of the membrane. The enzyme-loaded membrane is then immersed into a solution of a bifunctional crosslinking agent to effect the crosslinking of the enzyme in the membrane pores.  1, record 8, English, - crosslinked%20enzyme%20membrane

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Différentes méthodes d'immobilisation par réticulation [...] son applicables : - réticulation des molécules d'enzymes entre elles en solution. Lorsque les structures ainsi préparées demeurent solubles, on peut les inclure dans un gel. [...] - réticulation des molécules d'enzymes diluées par des molécules protéiques non actives, par exemple l'albumine, ce qui permet de diminuer l'effet dénaturant du pontage et de faire varier l'activité des complexes. [...] - les propriétés mécaniques des préparations précédentes laissant, en général, à désirer, on a procédé à la réticulation des molécules d'enzymes après adsorption ou imprégnation d'un support convenable. Dans le cas de supports poreux, l'augmentation de taille résultant du pontage intermoléculaire empêche l'enzyme de diffuser librement hors des pores. Cette méthode a été mise au point [...] avec des adsorbants, [...] avec des membranes (membranes porteuses d'enzymes réticulées), [...] avec des supports minéraux, [...] avec l'amino-éthylcellulose pour la pepsine.  1, record 8, French, - membrane%20porteuse%20d%27enzymes%20r%C3%A9ticul%C3%A9es

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The gel entrapment method involves entrapping of the enzymes within the interstitial spaces of crosslinked water insoluble polymer gels.... The usual method of gel formation is to polymerize acrylamide in an aqueous solution of the soluble enzyme and a crosslinking agent such as N, N-methylenebis(acrylamide). The resulting gel block can be mechanically dispersed into particles of desired size. The broad distribution of pore size of the gel inevitably results in leakage of the entrapped enzyme even after prolonged washing whilst the generation of free radicals in the course of the reaction may affect the activity of the entrapped enzymes.  1, record 9, English, - gel%20entrapment

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

See record "entrapment".  2, record 9, English, - gel%20entrapment

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les enzymes sont en général immobilisées soit par fixation covalente sur un support membranaire, soit par utilisation d'un agent de pontage qui provoque la réticulation des molécules de protéine active ou la coréticulation de l'enzyme avec une protéine inerte. Les techniques d'inclusion dans un gel ou de confinement d'enzymes en solution sont progressivement remplacées pas les méthodes chimiques d'immobilisation. Les capteurs sont le plus souvent de type électrochimique.  1, record 9, French, - inclusion%20dans%20un%20gel

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish