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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Oxidative stress refers to elevated intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS) that cause damage to lipids, proteins and DNA. Oxidative stress has been linked to a myriad of pathologies.  3, record 1, English, - oxidative%20stress

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Calidad del] medio ambiente celular con un alto grado de oxidación, lo cual pone a las células en un estado de hiperactividad debido a la pérdida del control de sus sistemas regulatorios [...]  2, record 1, Spanish, - estr%C3%A9s%20oxidante

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The bacterial response to DNA damage is known as the SOS response. There are two main proteins involved-one, LexA, to keep the response switched off while the cell is healthy and the other, RecA, to turn it on when DNA damage occurs.  2, record 2, English, - SOS%20response

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La réponse SOS est un mécanisme de régulation qui permet l'adaptation et l'évolution de la bactérie quand les conditions environnementales l'exigent. C'est un système conservé, induit à la suite de stress causant des dommages à l'ADN, et qui est essentiel à la réparation de l'ADN et à la reprise de la réplication. La réponse SOS est régulée par deux acteurs principaux : le répresseur LexA et l'activateur RecA.  2, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9ponse%20SOS

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

DNA repair refers to a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.  2, record 3, English, - DNA%20repair

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Used as a test to establish to what extent various substances are carcinogenic.  3, record 3, English, - DNA%20repair

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des processus qui permettent la reconstitution d'un duplex normal à partir de structures présentant des anomalies diverses, telles que les interruptions plus ou moins importantes dans la continuité de l'un des brins, des brins surnuméraires ou des défauts de complémentarité. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.]  2, record 3, French, - r%C3%A9paration%20de%20l%27ADN

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réparation de l'ADN : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  3, record 3, French, - r%C3%A9paration%20de%20l%27ADN

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

-in eukaryotes, DNA synthesis outside the S phase of the cell cycle and, in part, non-conservative. U. DNA s. occurs spontaneously and can be induced by UV light, ionizing radiations and radiomimetic agents, i. e., agents that produce damage to DNA and exert lethal and mutagenic effects. The amount of u. DNA synthesis is generally less than 1% of normal S phase synthesis.  1, record 4, English, - unscheduled%20DNA%20synthesis

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

synthèse d'ADN asynchrone; synthèse d'ADN atypique : Équivalents proposés par un généticien moléculaire à l'Institut de recherche en biotechnologie (du CNRS) de Montréal.  2, record 4, French, - synth%C3%A8se%20d%27ADN%20non%20programm%C3%A9e

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

synthèse d'ADN non programmée; synthèse imprévue d'ADN : Les deux premiers équivalents tirés de la base de données PASCAL.  1, record 4, French, - synth%C3%A8se%20d%27ADN%20non%20programm%C3%A9e

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A molecule or oxygen atom with one or more electrons in its outerest orbite non parallel with other of opposite rotations (spins) in the same orbital layer, fact which gives it high reactivity and makes it unsteady, with a short life.  2, record 5, English, - oxygen%20free%20radical

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Theories about aging were almost [15 years ago] as common as fruit flies. Senescence was caused by a strict genetic program for death. Or by random damage to DNA or to some of the critical enzymes that keep the body running. Or by changes in hormone levels, a decline in the functioning of the immune system or the relentless activity of highly reactive, potentially destructive molecules called oxygen free radicals.  3, record 5, English, - oxygen%20free%20radical

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Oxygen free radicals, unless they are quickly neutralized by antioxidants, can cause considerable damage to the membranes of mitochondria and to mitochondrial DNA.  4, record 5, English, - oxygen%20free%20radical

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Radical contenant deux électrons non appariés, chacun sur une orbitale séparée, de spin identique (état de restriction de spin).  1, record 5, French, - radical%20libre%20d%27oxyg%C3%A8ne

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Molécula extraordinariamente inestable, con uno o más electrones desparejados.  2, record 5, Spanish, - radical%20libre%20de%20ox%C3%ADgeno

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Estos radicales pueden dañar la estructura de las membranas celulares y el ADN.  3, record 5, Spanish, - radical%20libre%20de%20ox%C3%ADgeno

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A stable complex of proteins that carry out the DNA [deoxyribonucleic acid] damage recognition and incision reactions characteristic of nucleotide excision repair(NER), such as DNA damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at sites flanking damaged DNA.  2, record 6, English, - repairosome

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Includes TFIIH [transcription factor IIH] subunits and additional polypeptides; may form in the absence of DNA damage.  2, record 6, English, - repairosome

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour maintenir l'intégrité de leur génome, toutes les cellules utilisent un système de maintenance et de réparation de l'ADN, le réparosome. La technologie de Cellectis permet d'activer ce réparosome de façon précise et ciblée et, par là même, d'induire la reprogrammation de l'ADN de façon à le corriger.  2, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9parosome

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le rôle du réparosome dépasse largement celui de la maintenance de l'ADN, et divers phénomènes biologiques de réarrangements ou modification de gènes l'utilisent. Avec l'avènement du ciblage génique et de ses dérivés, c'est aujourd'hui l'homme qui utilise le réparosome à des fins d'ingénierie des génomes.  3, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9parosome

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This is an alternative bacterial test which detects when an E. coli has had its DNA repair enzymes activated. Mutagens activate specific enzymes which repair damage in DNA, and the test uses a side-effect of these enzymes to detect their activity. Not generally accepted.  2, record 7, English, - SOS%20Chromotest

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 79 p. 5971.  3, record 7, English, - SOS%20Chromotest

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Test de mutagénicité dans lequel on détermine la capacité d'une bustance à induire l'hydrolyse d'un substrat enzymolique chromogène.  2, record 7, French, - SOS%20Chromotest

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La génotoxicité du TB a été évaluée à l'aide du SOS Chromotest qui utilise une souche d'Escherichia coli manipulée sur le plan génétique.  1, record 7, French, - SOS%20Chromotest

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Source : Revue des sciences de l'eau 4(1), 1991, p. 124.  1, record 7, French, - SOS%20Chromotest

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chemicals that induce cancer have been subdivided into two broad groups : genotoxic and nongenotoxic carcinogens. Genotoxic chemicals or their metabolites interact directly with DNA to induce mutations or chromosomal alterations. In a twostage liver initiation-promotion experimental model, genotoxic agents are initiators. Fixation and replication of the chemical-induced DNA damage by DNA synthesis before it is repaired are essential for mutation induction. Thus mutagens are more effective carcinogens at doses that induce a proliferative response or in normally proliferating cells(Pitot and Sirica, 1980).  1, record 8, English, - genotoxic%20agent

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'exposition de la cellule eucaryote aux agents génotoxiques, déclenche un ensemble de réponses physiologiques qui vont lui permettre de survivre en réparant aussi rapidement et fidèlement que possible les lésions présentes dans l'ADN [...]  1, record 8, French, - agent%20g%C3%A9notoxique

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Amsarine is a potent cytotoxic agent... Examination of chromosome damage indicated incomplete condensation and chromosome stickiness, which are characteristic of DNA intercalators.  1, record 9, English, - intercalator

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cytotoxiques. La mitoxantrone (Novantrone) est le premier représentant d'une nouvelle famille d'intercalants obtenus par synthèse chimique pure : les anthracènediones. Bien que leur mécanisme d'action par intercalation les en rapproche, les anthracènediones s'individualisent nettement de la famille des anthracyclines dont le chef de file est la doxorubicine ou adriamycine, et auxquelles on les compare.  1, record 9, French, - intercalant

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Agents that damage DNA are therefore potential carcinogens.  2, record 10, English, - potential%20carcinogen

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...), les agents capables d'endommager le DNA sont des cancérigènes potentiels.  2, record 10, French, - canc%C3%A9rog%C3%A8ne%20potentiel

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La forme "cancérigène" est déconseillée par l'Académie des sciences (de Paris).  1, record 10, French, - canc%C3%A9rog%C3%A8ne%20potentiel

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

damaging to DNA : pertaining to agents(radiation or chemical substances) known to damage DNA, thereby causing mutations or cancer.  2, record 11, English, - genotoxic

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"genotoxic" : damaging to DNA : pertaining to agents(radiation or chemical substances) known to damage DNA, thereby causing mutations or cancer.  2, record 12, English, - genotoxic%20effect

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish