TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A strategy for parsing sentences of context-free grammars that attempts to construct a parse tree from the top down.  2, record 1, English, - top%2Ddown%20parsing

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Top-down parsing is often implemented as a set of recursive procedures, one for each nonterminal in the grammar, and is then called recursive descent parsing.  2, record 1, English, - top%2Ddown%20parsing

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A hierarchical tree structure that breaks down a project into smaller deliverables.  3, record 2, English, - work%20breakdown%20structure

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The WBS allows the whole program or project to be successively broken down into smaller, more readily identifiable work activities. For example: total program, project, sub-project, task, sub-task, work package.  4, record 2, English, - work%20breakdown%20structure

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

work breakdown structure; WBS: term and abbreviation used at the Treasury Board Secretariat.  5, record 2, English, - work%20breakdown%20structure

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Compte tenu de la définition d'une tâche, il faut maintenant parler de «structure de répartition du travail». La SRT permet de diviser successivement la totalité du programme ou du projet en activités plus petites et plus facilement identifiables. Par exemple : ensemble du programme, projet, sous-projet, tâche, sous-tâche, lot de travaux.  5, record 2, French, - structure%20de%20r%C3%A9partition%20du%20travail

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

structure de répartition du travail; SRT : terme et abréviation en usage au Secrétariat du Conseil du Trésor.  6, record 2, French, - structure%20de%20r%C3%A9partition%20du%20travail

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To cut so as to bring or throw down.  1, record 3, English, - cut%20down

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 PHR

cut down a tree  2, record 3, English, - cut%20down

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Couper de manière à faire tomber ce qui était vertical.  2, record 3, French, - abattre

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

abattre un arbre  2, record 3, French, - abattre

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A search that expands a tree along one path until it reaches a goal, a dead-end, or a path already travelled.  2, record 4, English, - depth%2Dfirst%20search

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a hierarchy of rules or objects, depth-first refers to a strategy in which one rule or object on the highest level is examined and then the rules or objects immediately below that one are examined. Proceeding in this manner, the system will search down a single branch of the hierarchy tree until it ends. This contrasts with breadth-first search.  3, record 4, English, - depth%2Dfirst%20search

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

depth-first search: term standardized by CSA.  4, record 4, English, - depth%2Dfirst%20search

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode de recherche dans laquelle le nœud le plus récemment généré est développé d'abord (le graphe est développé en profondeur).  2, record 4, French, - recherche%20en%20profondeur

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Par opposition à la recherche largeur d'abord, la recherche en profondeur explore une hiérarchie de règles ou de concepts en commençant avec le concept père, ou la règle initiale et en descendant dans la hiérarchie vers les sous-concepts (concepts fils) jusqu'aux éléments terminaux (feuilles) du concept en question, avant de passer à un autre concept général.  2, record 4, French, - recherche%20en%20profondeur

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

recherche profondeur : terme normalisé par la CSA.  3, record 4, French, - recherche%20en%20profondeur

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

House plant native to India of the family Moraceae. It becomes a very tall tree with a broad crown and arching branches in its native hatitat. It germinates on other trees, puts down long aerial roots around the host plan which dies eventually. As a house plant it grows to 2, 5 m(8 ft.). It has pendulous twigs and leaves which give him a graceful appearance.  4, record 5, English, - weeping%20fig

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Petit arbre gracieux pour décoration intérieure de la famille des Moracées. Originaire des Indes et de la Malaisie il atteint dans son habitat naturel une très grande taille. Il germe sur un arbre hôte, produit ensuite des racines aériennes qui se fixent au sol et constituent autant de piliers soutenant les grosses branches horizontales. L'arbre hôte meurt étouffé.  2, record 5, French, - figuier%20pleureur

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... one who cuts down a tree in the vicinity of his boundary in such a manner that it will in all probability fall on his own land, commits but an accidental trespass, if it crashes onto his neighbour's. The unauthorized entry, which is the injurious effect of his activity, was neither intended nor reasonably to the anticipated, and he is consequently absolved now that such an accidental trespass is no longer actionable.  2, record 6, English, - accidental%20trespass

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

intrusion accidentelle; atteinte immobilière accidentelle : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 6, French, - intrusion%20accidentelle

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A tree having graceful, dropping or hanging branches.  2, record 7, English, - weeping%20tree

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plants with limbs that grow down, instead of up, can be spectacular. Horticulturally, the reason for this growth habit is a genetic mutation. Most plants have a central growth point that remains dominant, and the trunk and limbs grow vertically. In the weeping tree category, this growth control is interrupted. The new layer of growth is somehow superimposed over the previous layer, and is more horizontal than vertical. This growth pattern is known as plagiotropism.  1, record 7, English, - weeping%20tree

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] l'arbre prostré, dont les rameaux tombent vers le sol.  2, record 7, French, - arbre%20pleureur

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Arbres à port prostré. Saule de Babylone, Cèdre de l'Atlas pleureur, Bouleau pleureur, Cerisier pleureur, Frêne pleureur, Hêtre pleureur, Sophora pleureur, Orme des montagnes pleureur, Ginkgo pleureur.  2, record 7, French, - arbre%20pleureur

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the many natural processes that affect settlement sites following their abandonment effectively transform their archaeological record to varying degrees, often burying them through such processes as alluviation and colluviation.  5, record 8, English, - colluviation

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The down slope movement of colluvium appears to be controlled by diffusive processes such as soil creep, tree throw, frost heaving, and bioturbation.  6, record 8, English, - colluviation

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

movement of colluvium; production of colluvium: terms used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  7, record 8, English, - colluviation

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mise en place de colluvions sous l'effet de la pesanteur qu'accompagne ou non l'intervention de l'eau.  2, record 8, French, - colluvionnement

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

colluvionnement : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  3, record 8, French, - colluvionnement

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If a man cuts down one of his trees expecting it to fall on his own land, he is not liable for intentional trespass if by miscalculation the tree falls on his neighbour's land. It would be otherwise if the tree fell where he wanted it to fall, but without his knowledge this turned out to be on the land of his neighbour. The latter case is considered to be one of intentional intrusion, albeit under mistake, and is nevertheless actionable.  1, record 9, English, - intentional%20intrusion

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si un homme coupe un arbre en pensant qu'il tombera sur son propre terrain, il n'est pas responsable d'une atteinte directe intentionnelle si l'arbre tombe par erreur chez son voisin. Il en serait autrement si l'arbre tombait à l'endroit voulu, mais que l'homme ne savait pas que ce terrain appartenait à son voisin. Il s'agirait alors d'une atteinte intentionnelle qui, malgré qu'elle résulte d'une erreur, donnerait ouverture à une poursuite.  2, record 9, French, - atteinte%20intentionnelle

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fiche terminologique en droit de la responsabilité délictuelle fournie par le Centre de traduction et de documentation juridique de l'Université d'Ottawa.  3, record 9, French, - atteinte%20intentionnelle

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... if(one who cuts down a tree) had thought that he owned all the land on which the tree would possibly fall and intentionally cut it so that it would come down on land which turns out to be his neighbour's, he has committed an intentional trespass under mistake. The actual result which has come to pass was intended under the erroneous notion that it would not violate another's rights.  1, record 10, English, - intentional%20trespass

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A tree or stand of timber that has been blown down by the wind.  5, record 11, English, - windfall

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

windfall: term used by Parks Canada.  6, record 11, English, - windfall

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Arbre [ou groupe d'arbres] naturellement renversé par les vents, ou brisé sous le poids de la neige ou du verglas.  2, record 11, French, - chablis

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chablis : terme en usage à Parcs Canada.  3, record 11, French, - chablis

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gravity and pressurized air bubbles(compressed during freezing) cause sap flow from the canopy down the tree after the thaw.  2, record 12, English, - sap%20flow

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

C'est l'alternance gel-dégel qui occasionne les modifications de pression à l'intérieur de l'arbre, causant l'écoulement de la sève.  3, record 12, French, - %C3%A9coulement%20de%20s%C3%A8ve

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tree structures such as the region quadtree... enable the dynamic and hierarchical partitioning of a(raster) data space as opposed to the static partitioning provided by the previous concepts. Most documented applications of region quadtrees on raster data(e. g.(Worboys, 1995),(Samet, 1990)) use the quadtree structure for encoding the raster data down to the level of individual raster cells or pixels. In this approach simple attribute values(e. g. colour values) are assigned to individual leaf nodes. Instead of simple values, leaf nodes could also hold pointers to more complex information, such as binary data strings. This approach allows the region quadtree to be used as the basis for a dynamic variable-size tiling approach. The criteria determining the depth of the quadtree could either be the spatial dimensions of the smallest tile or the maximum amount of data to be stored for an individual tile.  3, record 13, English, - quadtree%20structure

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

quadtree structure: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group (RTAG).  4, record 13, English, - quadtree%20structure

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Structure en mosaïque caractérisée par l'utilisation de cellules carrées, et dans laquelle chacune de ces cellules peut à son tour être subdivisée en quatre cellules de même forme, jusqu'à ce que chaque cellule représente une zone homogène, ou jusqu'à ce que la limite de résolution de l'appareil de mesure ou du système de gestion de base de données à référence spatiale soit atteinte.  2, record 13, French, - structure%20en%20quadrants%20arborescents

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

structure en quadrants arborescents : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  3, record 13, French, - structure%20en%20quadrants%20arborescents

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Palm sugar... also known as jaggery... is derived from boiling down the sap of various varieties of palm tree. Generally brown in color, it has a coarse, sticky texture and is used in Asian dishes. Logs, tubs, or cans of palm sugar are sold in Asian markets.  1, record 14, English, - palm%20sugar

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Jaggery [is the] traditional unrefined sugar of India. Although the word is used for the products of both sugarcane and the date palm tree, technically, jaggery refers solely to sugarcane sugar.  3, record 14, English, - palm%20sugar

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Principalement utilisé dans la cuisine asiatique, ce sucre provient de la sève de certaines espèces de palmiers ou du jus de la canne à sucre. Disponible sous plusieurs formes, on le trouve principalement sous forme de beurre que l'on peut tartiner ou encore sous la forme d'un pain solide que l'on peut émietter sur des céréales ou utiliser pour confectionner des bonbons. Le sucre de palme est disponible dans les marchés asiatiques.  1, record 14, French, - sucre%20de%20palme

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The act of cutting... down a standing tree, trees...  1, record 15, English, - cutting

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

While felling is the preferred term in most parts of the Commonwealth, cutting is also used, particularly for Bamboos, and persists in a few compound terms, e.g. cutting section.  1, record 15, English, - cutting

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

According to Terminology of Forest Science, Technology Practice and Products, "throwing" is used in the Commonwealth.  3, record 15, English, - cutting

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 3 OBS

According to Terminology of Forest Science, Technology Practice and Products, "falling" is also used in Australia.  3, record 15, English, - cutting

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action consistant à couper un arbre ou un peuplement.  5, record 15, French, - coupe

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Apeo de árboles.  2, record 15, Spanish, - tala

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A plant of which the stem does not become woody and persistent(as in a shrub or a tree), but remains more or less soft and succulent, and dies down to the ground(or entirely) after flowering.  2, record 16, English, - herb

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Petite plante phanérogame non ligneuse dont les parties aériennes meurent chaque année.  2, record 16, French, - herbe

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Herbe cultivée, herbe des champs, herbe sauvage. Herbes annuelles, herbes bisannuelles, herbes vivaces. Herbes dures, herbes épineuses. Herbes aquatiques, herbes fluviatiles. Herbes des fées, herbes médicinales, herbes officinales, herbes vulnéraires. Herbes aromatiques, herbes odorantes. Herbes cuites.  2, record 16, French, - herbe

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Cueillir des herbes, cultiver des herbes, éplucher des herbes, faire bouillir des herbes.  2, record 16, French, - herbe

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 3 PHR

Bouillon aux herbes, marché aux herbes. Salade d'herbes.  2, record 16, French, - herbe

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Material vegetal no cosechado, de cualquier clase que sea, constituido normalmente por plantas herbáceas, apropiado para ser consumido por los animales.  2, record 16, Spanish, - hierba

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The act of felling something (as a tree).  1, record 17, English, - fell

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

felling : The act... of cutting down a standing tree or culm.  2, record 17, English, - fell

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mettre à bas, renverser, couper des arbres, arbrisseaux, etc.  2, record 17, French, - abattre

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'apparition de la scie à chaîne a marqué une révolution dans les techniques d'abattage, cette opération s'étant jusque-là effectuée à l'aide de haches, puis de scies manuelles à un homme ou à deux hommes. Une seconde révolution s'est fait sentir avec l'arrivée sur le marché d'engins d'abattage nombreux et de plus en plus complexes, grâce auxquels l'ouvrier forestier peut maintenant travailler à l'intérieur d'un habitacle protégé.  3, record 17, French, - abattre

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cortar un árbol por su base y derribarlo.  1, record 17, Spanish, - apear

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When a tree seed germinates, the first(primary) root grows down in the soil in response to gravity. Secondary roots then branch off horizontally, with subsequent branching into tertiary roots, etc. Absorption of water and mineral nutrients is the function of the very fine, non-woody roots(the feeder roots). With continued growth, each root will lose its ability for absorption. These larger woody roots then function as the transport system for water and nutrients from the new feeder roots to the stem. They are also the tree's system of anchorage and a food starage area. The resulting system thus consists of several main transport roots that extend radically and horizontally from the tree base and divide into ever smaller roots, each ending in a dense mass of fine feeder roots.  2, record 18, English, - feeder%20roots

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lors de la plantation en ville, la présence de l'ensemble des racines nourricières non lignifiées optimise la capacité des arbres à capter l'eau et les cations  2, record 18, French, - racines%20nourrici%C3%A8res

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A still young tree, from the time its lower branches begin to die, up to the time when the rate of height growth begins to slow down and crown expansion becomes marked.  1, record 19, English, - pole

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The source indicates that this term is used in the Commonwealth.  2, record 19, English, - pole

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Arbre dont le développement dépasse celui du perchis et dont la croissance commence à diminuer.  2, record 19, French, - arbre%20adulte

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Expression peu usitée selon le Dictionnaire forestier multilingue de A. Métro.  3, record 19, French, - arbre%20adulte

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Downtree.... Any tree that is lying on the ground, whether uprooted, stem-broken or deliberately cut... Note : Collectively term "down timber".  1, record 20, English, - down%20timber

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bois reposant par terre à la suite de l'abattage ou du déracinement d'un arbre ou encore de la rupture d'une ou de plusieurs branches.  2, record 20, French, - bois%20gisant

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The better brushcutters have a design whereby the accessories, such as brush blades, tri-cut blades, tring trimmer heads, and others, fit FLUSH against the gear housing, leaving no gap whatsoever where weeds can get wedged. This is an excellent design, and one to look for... Now HERE's something that really works. Called by various names, this tri-cut blade will cut through tough, woody plants with ease, including mountain laurel and rhododendron. If your brushcutter is powerful, it will also cut down fairly large tree saplings. These blades are made from steel, and can be resharpened when dull.  2, record 21, English, - brush%20blade

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The act of felling something (as a tree).  1, record 22, English, - fell

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

felling : The act... of cutting down a standing tree or culm.  2, record 22, English, - fell

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Abattre des arbres à titre professionnel et de manière artisanale; faire le travail du bûcheron.  3, record 22, French, - b%C3%BBcher

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Bûcher et bûcheronner, dans les sens indiqués ci-haut, s'assimilent au travail réalisé à titre professionnel et de manière artisanale, généralement à la hache ou à la scie. Le Trésor de la langue française considère «bûcheronner» comme étant rare. Ces deux termes apparaissent au Québec comme des acceptions vieillies et ils ne sauraient être remplacés synonymiquement par le verbe «abattre».  4, record 22, French, - b%C3%BBcher

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The first level represents the first player's move. This player has two choices. The value of the first level is the maximum of the values of the first player's children(20). The second level represents the opponent's move.... The third level again represents the first player's move.... all values on these levels are determined by traveling down the tree and traveling back up. Therefore, they are called backed-up values.  1, record 23, English, - backup%20value

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The tree is then trimmed down into the delimbing position, lying horizontally over the delimbing boom(Information Bulletin, 1974).  1, record 24, English, - delimbing%20boom

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Flèche télescopique ou coulissante, supportant un chariot d'ébranchage ou des couteaux ébrancheurs et une pince, dont le mouvement rectiligne de va-et-vient permet le sectionnement des branches.  1, record 24, French, - fl%C3%A8che%20d%27%C3%A9branchage

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette machine possédait un panier de chaque côté de la flèche d'ébranchage, ce qui permettait au conducteur d'accumuler dans un de ces paniers les grumes destinées au sciage et dans l'autre celle destinées à la pâte (P. Giguère, Evaluation de la tronçonneuse Tanguay CC-100, octobre 1979, p. 4).  1, record 24, French, - fl%C3%A8che%20d%27%C3%A9branchage

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Natural soil is not used as a rooting medium because other media have more desirable physical characteristics, i.e., water-holding capacity, aeration and bulk density. A mixture of peat moss and vermiculite is most widely used in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), but ground bark is the favorite with some growers. ...  2, record 25, English, - ground%20bark

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In some instances, ground bark has been used instead of sphagnum peat.... When finely ground bark is used as a substitute for peat moss, supplemental nitrogen is usually needed to prevent the tree seedlings from becoming chlorotic because the bark begins to break down and uses the nitrogen.  3, record 25, English, - ground%20bark

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'écorce broyée. On utilise parfois ce produit au lieu de la tourbe, mais généralement il faut (...) (y) ajouter de l'azote (...), et certains types d'écorce peuvent contenir des substances toxiques pour les semis. D'ailleurs, le poids de ce produit est supérieur à celui de la tourbe, alors que sa capacité d'échange et son rapport C/N sont inférieurs, ce qui limite beaucoup l'utilisation de l'écorce.  1, record 25, French, - %C3%A9corce%20broy%C3%A9e

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish