TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

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Every few years we have what are known as "irruption" years. These are years when finches and other species that generally winter in the boreal forest in Canada and the far north, move south to the joy and amazement of bird enthusiasts.... An irruption occurs when large numbers of birds move beyond their typical range, usually in response to low food supplies.  1, record 1, English, - irruption%20year

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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Les années d'irruption, lorsque les populations de lemmings s'effondrent dans l'Arctique, poussent des milliers de harfangs vers le sud du Canada et le nord des États-Unis, offrant des opportunités d'observation inhabituelles jusqu'au Québec et au Minnesota.  1, record 1, French, - ann%C3%A9e%20d%27irruption

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

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Syntropic Farming Design. Designing a syntropic farm, or in other words designing a syntropic forest(or syntropic food forest), involves the strategic selection and positioning of a variety of plants, crops, and sometimes livestock. The goal is to create a self-sustaining, resilient ecosystem that yields high productivity while improving soil health. This system is laid out in a way that plants assist one another, creating a symbiotic relationship. Trees play a significant role in syntropic farming.  1, record 2, English, - syntropic%20farm

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

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Intense climate-related disasters—floods, storms, droughts, and heat waves—have been on the rise worldwide.  3, record 3, English, - climatic%20disaster

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A climatic disaster can be of natural origin or caused by human activity.  4, record 3, English, - climatic%20disaster

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Examples of climatic disasters include droughts, floods, windstorms, forest fires, extreme temperatures and food insecurity.  4, record 3, English, - climatic%20disaster

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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La mise en garde lancée ce mardi par l'ONU est plus claire que jamais : si le monde remet encore à plus tard les actions immédiates et radicales nécessaires pour réduire les émissions de CO2, la catastrophe climatique ne pourra plus être évitée  2, record 3, French, - catastrophe%20climatique

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Une catastrophe climatique peut être naturelle ou causée par l'humain.  3, record 3, French, - catastrophe%20climatique

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Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fuel produced from cellulosic materials, crop residues and agricultural and municipal wastes.  4, record 4, English, - second%2Dgeneration%20biofuel

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Second-generation biofuels use advanced technical processes and can be made from any lignocellulosic biomass feedstock, such as forest and crop residues, wood chips, food waste, municipal solid waste, chicken litter, straw and algae. Evidence shows that these fuels tend to offer lower full life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions than first-generation biofuels...  5, record 4, English, - second%2Dgeneration%20biofuel

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Since the main component of these biomass materials is cellulose, second-generation biofuels are also known as cellulosic fuels ... Other than cellulosic ethanol, which is the principal second-generation biofuel, biomethanol, dimethyl ether, biohydrogen, synthetic diesel and synthetic gasoline are also emerging from the ... biomass materials.  6, record 4, English, - second%2Dgeneration%20biofuel

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There is considerable debate on how to classify biofuels. Biofuels are commonly divided into first-, second- and third-generation biofuels, but the same fuel might be classified differently depending on whether technology maturity, GHG [greenhouse gas] emission balance or the feedstock is used to guide the distinction.  7, record 4, English, - second%2Dgeneration%20biofuel

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Carburant produit à partir de matières cellulosiques, de résidus agricoles et de déchets agricoles et municipaux.  5, record 4, French, - biocarburant%20de%20seconde%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration

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Les biocarburants de seconde génération : la seconde génération de biocarburants est issue de source ligno-cellulosique (bois, feuilles, paille, etc.) à partir de processus techniques avancés. Au lieu d'utiliser les graines ou les tubercules des plantes comme dans la première génération, les nouveaux procédés cherchent à améliorer le bilan énergétique en utilisant toute la plante.  6, record 4, French, - biocarburant%20de%20seconde%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration

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Principales méthodes de production des biocarburants de seconde génération : production par voie thermochimique (gazéification) : la gazéification est un procédé technologique complexe qui permet de transformer de la biomasse en gaz (essentiellement de l'hydrogène et du monoxyde de carbone). Ce procédé thermochimique est obtenu dans des conditions de températures et de pression élevées (environ 1000 °C et 40 bars); production par voie biochimique : la biomasse (de type lignocellulosique) est transformée en sucre par des enzymes. Le sucre ainsi produit est ensuite transformé en éthanol par un procédé de fermentation.  6, record 4, French, - biocarburant%20de%20seconde%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration

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biocarburant de deuxième génération : terme publié au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 septembre 2018.  7, record 4, French, - biocarburant%20de%20seconde%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration

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Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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CSBE ... is the technical society of choice for all professionals who are interested and active in the scientific development and application of engineering principles to environmentally sustainable biological systems for the production of food, bio‐products, and bio‐energy.  3, record 5, English, - Canadian%20Society%20for%20Bioengineering

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[The mission is] to advance the application of engineering principles and practices to biological systems for the production of food, bioproducts and energy; to develop and adopt the standards of practice in bio-engineering through various educational disciplines that include agricultural engineering, forest engineering, food engineering, biological engineering, bioresource engineering, biochemical engineering and biosystems engineering; to ensure the safety and the health of practicing bio engineers through the development of guidelines for maintaining a clean and sustainable environment; [and] to develop means of professional development through organizing meetings and forums and refereed journal publications for dissemination of information on bioengineering.  3, record 5, English, - Canadian%20Society%20for%20Bioengineering

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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The artificial regeneration of trees, combined with the growing of an agricultural crop.  1, record 6, English, - taungya%20system

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[The] taungya system entails the felling of a demarcated area of forest, utilizing as much of the produce as possible, burning the debris, sowing or planting food crops and also sowing or planting the desirable tree species.  1, record 6, English, - taungya%20system

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The word taungya is derived from Burmese ...  1, record 6, English, - taungya%20system

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[The] system of regeneration known as taungya [has been] tried and modified in various parts of the tropics.  1, record 6, English, - taungya%20system

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The definition was found under the entry "taungya".  3, record 6, English, - taungya%20system

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Établissement d'une plantation forestière [...] en même temps que l'on continue (ou établit) une culture agricole temporaire sur le même terrain.  4, record 6, French, - taungya

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Terme d'origine birmane.  5, record 6, French, - taungya

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[Cette] pratique s'est considérablement développée en foresterie tropicale [...]  4, record 6, French, - taungya

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Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

UNEP [United Nations Environment Programme] FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations] refers to the Expert Meeting on Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management in Dry-Zone Africa.  1, record 7, English, - Dry%2DZone%20Sub%2DSaharan%20Africa%20Initiative

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

European initiative carried out under the auspices of the Timber Committee of ECE [Economic Commission for Europe] and FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations] ;reviews the potential role of forest-level criteria and indicators for the certification of forest products; report presented to Timber Committee in November 1995.  1, record 8, English, - Working%20Group%20on%20Timber%20Certification

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Body bluish with middorsal stripe broken into keyholelike spots. Thin subdorsal and lateral orange stripes. Setae fine, whitish at tips. Head bluish mottled with black. Although gregarious through fourth instar, this tent caterpillar does not fashion tent. Occasionally a pest, Food : aspens, gums, maples, oaks, and many other forest and orchard trees. Caterpillar : April to June; 1 generation.  2, record 9, English, - forest%20tent%20caterpillar

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Family: Lasiocampidae. Some of the lasiocampids are notorious and severe pest. Among these are the tent caterpillars, for example the European Malacosoma neustria ... and six North American species.  3, record 9, English, - forest%20tent%20caterpillar

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Papillon robuste [de la famille des Lasiocampidae]; beige à brun chamois avec ailes antérieures traversées de deux lignes ou bandes obliques plus foncées; envergure, 20 à 45 mm.  2, record 9, French, - livr%C3%A9e%20des%20for%C3%AAts

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Agriculture, livestock production, and forestry can be practiced in rotation, simultaneously, or spatially on the same piece of land. Agroforestry aims to ensure ecological stability and to maximize benefits to the user of the land. Agroforestry can be agrosilviculture(where agricultural crops and forest products are grown simultaneously or sequentially), silvipasture(in which forest products and livestock are grown), and agrosilvipasture(where food is grown for humans, domestic livestock graze, and woody vegetation provides wood products for humans and fodder for animals).  3, record 10, English, - agrosilviculture

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] système de production qui permet d'obtenir à la fois du bois et des aliments végétaux ou animaux (ou les deux) à partir d'une seule et même unité d'aménagement, dans laquelle on pratique une agriculture rationnelle associée à l'emploi judicieux d'arbres forestiers. Cette unité peut être une exploitation agricole, une petite collectivité ou une partie de bassin versant.  3, record 10, French, - agrosylviculture

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 DEF

[...] système d'utilisation des terres où l'on produit à la fois des cultures agricoles et des produits forestiers, soit simultanément soit séquentiellement.  4, record 10, French, - agrosylviculture

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Integración de la agricultura y la silvicultura para aumentar la productividad o la sostenibilidad del sistema agrícola. Incluye una extensa variedad de sistemas de uso del terreno que van desde la plantación y ordenación de árboles en terrenos agrícolas a la agricultura en tierras forestales sin causar la deforestacíon.  1, record 10, Spanish, - agrosilvicultura

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Researchers from the Canadian Forest Service(CFS) collaborate with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency in the detection, identification, and assessment of known and potential alien forest pests. Developing detection methods and creating risk scenarios to determine the likelihood of alien species becoming established in Canada is crucial for effective international regulatory and pest management strategies. The CFS is working with the North American Forestry Commission to develop an Exotic Forest Pest Information System. This system, which will be available through the World Wide Web, will contain databases on alien insects and pathogens of risk to North America.  1, record 11, English, - Exotic%20Forest%20Pest%20Information%20System%20for%20North%20America

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les chercheurs du Service canadien des forêts collaborent avec l'Agence canadienne d'inspection des aliments pour détecter, identifier et évaluer les parasites connus et inconnus des forêts étrangères. L'élaboration de méthodes de détection et la création de scénarios des risques visant à déterminer la possibilité d'infestation d'espèces étrangères au Canada sont essentielles à l'établissement de stratégies internationales efficaces de réglementation et de gestion des parasites. Le Service canadien des forêts travaille avec la Commission forestière pour l'Amérique du Nord et l'élaboration d'un système d'information sur les parasites des forêts exotiques. Ce système, qui sera accessible sur un site Web, contiendra des bases de données sur les insectes et les pathogènes de l'étranger représentant un risque pour l'Amérique du Nord.  1, record 11, French, - Syst%C3%A8me%20d%27information%20sur%20les%20ravageurs%20forestiers%20exotiques%20d%27Am%C3%A9rique%20du%20Nord

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

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Purdue University scientists have developed a post-packaging pasteurization process for ready-to-eat meats that eliminates contamination by the deadliest of the bacterial food contaminants.  2, record 12, English, - food%20contaminant

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Scientists from the Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University hypothesized that ochratoxin A, a naturally occurring food contaminant, is a risk factor for testicular cancer.  3, record 12, English, - food%20contaminant

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'ochratoxine A (OTA), est une mycotoxine, élaborée par des moisissures appartenant aux genres Aspergillus ou Penicillium. C'est un contaminant alimentaire identifié dans les céréales, les oléagineux, le café, les fruits secs, les haricots, la bière et plus récemment dans les vins. Ses effets les plus toxiques à craindre sont la néphrotoxicité et la cancérogénèse.  2, record 12, French, - contaminant%20alimentaire

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

contaminant alimentaire : terme extrait du Glossaire de l'agriculture anglais/français et reproduit avec l'autorisation de l'OCDE.  3, record 12, French, - contaminant%20alimentaire

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Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The four mapping efforts are NASA's pathfinder program, the Commission of European Communities’ TREES program, the South American PANAMAZONIA program, and U. N. Food and Agriculture organization's World Forest Resources Assessment work.  1, record 13, English, - TREES%20program

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Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any species(flora and fauna) that needs forest ecosystems and their conditions for all or part of its requirements of food, shelter, or reproduction.  1, record 14, English, - forest%20dependent%20species

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

That is, any species that could not survive or reproduce in the absence of forest ecosystems is forest dependent. Migratory species that use the forest during migration, and forest species dependent on them will also be considered as forest dependent.  1, record 14, English, - forest%20dependent%20species

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Espèce (flore et faune) qui dépend d'écosystèmes forestiers ou de conditions forestières pour satisfaire complètement ou partiellement ses besoins en matière de nourriture, de gîte ou de reproduction.  1, record 14, French, - esp%C3%A8ce%20d%C3%A9pendant%20de%20la%20for%C3%AAt

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sont, entre autres, considérées «espèces dépendant de la forêt» les espèces qui ne peuvent survivre ni se reproduire ailleurs que dans un écosystème forestier, les espèces migratrices qui fréquentent la forêt pendant leurs migrations et les espèces forestières qui dépendent de celles-ci.  1, record 14, French, - esp%C3%A8ce%20d%C3%A9pendant%20de%20la%20for%C3%AAt

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Especie (flora y fauna) que depende de ecosistemas forestales o de condiciones forestales para satisfacer completa o parcialmente sus necesidades de alimentación, abrigo o reproducción.  1, record 14, Spanish, - especie%20dependiente%20del%20bosque

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Entre otras, se consideran "especies dependientes del bosque" aquellas que no pueden sobrevivir ni reproducirse fuera de un ecosistema forestal, las especies migratorias que utilizan el bosque durante su migración y las especies forestales que dependen de ellas.  1, record 14, Spanish, - especie%20dependiente%20del%20bosque

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Category 4 of the World Conservation Union protected area classifications.  1, record 15, English, - Habitat%2Fspecies%20management%20area

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Category IV covers areas managed mainly for conservation through management intervention; habitats and other features may be manipulated to enhance the presence of species or communities of species, through, for example, artificial wetlands or the cultivation of preferred food crops. Category IV sites do not include production units primarily for exploitation, such as forest plantations.  1, record 15, English, - Habitat%2Fspecies%20management%20area

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Catégorie IV couvre les zones aménagées principalement pour la conservation par le moyen d'interventions d'aménagement. Ces interventions comprennent entre autres la manipulation des habitats et d'autres caractéristiques afin d'encourager la présence de certaines espèces ou communautés d'espèces par la construction de marais artificiels par exemple, ou la plantation de cultures vivrières préférées. Les sites de la Catégorie IV ne comprennent pas les forêts de production établies principalement pour l'exploitation, telles que les plantations forestières.  1, record 15, French, - Aire%20de%20gestion%20des%20habitats%2Fesp%C3%A8ces

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Categoría 4 de las Categorías de zonas protegidas definidas por la Unión Mundial para la Naturaleza.  1, record 15, Spanish, - Zona%20de%20manejo%20de%20h%C3%A1bitat%2Fespecies

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Zona de protección manejada principalmente para la conservación por medio de intervenciones de manejo. Zona terrestre o marina que está sujeta a una intervención activa de manejo para asegurar el mantenimiento de hábitats o para responder a las necesidades de especies en particular.  1, record 15, Spanish, - Zona%20de%20manejo%20de%20h%C3%A1bitat%2Fespecies

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization] in collaboration with UNEP, ITTO, CIFOR and IUFRO organized an Expert Consultation on Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management, 15-17 November 2000.  1, record 16, English, - Expert%20Consultation%20on%20Criteria%20and%20Indicators%20for%20Sustainable%20Forest%20Management

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme; ITTO: International Tropical Timber Organization; CIFOR: Center for International Forestry Research; IUFRO: International Union of Forest Research Organization.  2, record 16, English, - Expert%20Consultation%20on%20Criteria%20and%20Indicators%20for%20Sustainable%20Forest%20Management

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La FAO [Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture] a organisé en collaboration avec le PNUE, l'OIBT, le CIFOR et l'IUFRO, une Consultation d'experts sur les critères et indicateurs de l'aménagement durable des forêts du 15 au 17 novembre 2000.  1, record 16, French, - Consultation%20d%27experts%20sur%20les%20crit%C3%A8res%20et%20indicateurs%20de%20l%27am%C3%A9nagement%20durable%20des%20for%C3%AAts

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

PNUE : Programme des Nations Unies pour l'environnement; OIBT : Organisation internationale des bois tropicaux; CIFOR : Center for International Forestry Research; IUFRO : International Union of Forest Research Organization.  2, record 16, French, - Consultation%20d%27experts%20sur%20les%20crit%C3%A8res%20et%20indicateurs%20de%20l%27am%C3%A9nagement%20durable%20des%20for%C3%AAts

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An integral part of the Animal Health, Plant Protection and Food safety programs of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency(CFIA). By serving as a liaison between science and management, and by providing technical information and advice, APFRAN facilitates decision-making within national programs, thus contributing to the overall success of Canada's agricultural, food and forest industries.  1, record 17, English, - Animal%2C%20Plant%20and%20Food%20Risk%20Analysis%20Network

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fait partie intégrante des programmes de santé des animaux, de protection des végétaux et de salubrité des aliments de l'Agence canadienne d'inspection des aliments (ACIA). En servant de lien entre les sciences et la gestion et en fournissant des renseignements et des conseils techniques, le GARZPA facilite le processus décisionnel pour les programmes nationaux et contribue ainsi au succès global des industries agricoles, alimentaires et forestières du Canada.  1, record 17, French, - Groupe%20d%27analyse%20des%20risques%20zoosanitaires%2C%20phytosanitaires%20et%20alimentaires

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ECE [Economic Commission for Europe] ;In reference to forest technology and management. FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]  1, record 18, English, - Steering%20Committee%20of%20the%20Joint%20FAO%2FECE%2FILO%20Committee

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

FAO [Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture] CEE [Commission économique pour l'Europe]  1, record 18, French, - Comit%C3%A9%20de%20gestion%20du%20Comit%C3%A9%20mixte%20FAO%2FCEE%2FBIT

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

FAO [Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación], CEE [Comisión Económica para Europa]  1, record 18, Spanish, - Comit%C3%A9%20directivo%20del%20Comit%C3%A9%20conjunto%20FAO%2FCEE%2FOIT

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Distributional data in space and time are often imperfect, but the true role(food, shelter, living and nesting places for other species of the forest, tundra, prairie, or dryland) of plants in maintaining the normalizing functions of ecosystems remains largely unstudied.  1, record 19, English, - normalizing%20function

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cependant, les données sur leur répartition spatiale et temporelle sont souvent incomplètes, et on n'a presque pas étudié leur rôle véritable (nourriture, abri, milieu de vie et habitat de reproduction pour les autres espèces) en ce qui concerne le maintien des fonctions normalisatrices de la forêt, de la toundra, de la prairie et des milieux arides. Les additions à la flore du Canada sont généralement le fait d'espèces exotiques introduites ou de variantes géographiques d'espèces répandues.  1, record 19, French, - fonction%20normalisatrice

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish