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FRACTURE PLANE [8 records]

Record 1 2021-07-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Oil Drilling
CONT

When sufficient hydraulic pressure is applied through the wellbore against a particular formation, the formation rock fractures along the plane perpendicular to the direction of the least principal stress. A horizontal fracture will be created if fracture pressure is greater than overburden pressure; a vertical fracture will occur if overburden pressure is greater.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Forage des puits de pétrole

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2021-07-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Oil Drilling
CONT

When sufficient hydraulic pressure is applied through the wellbore against a particular formation, the formation rock fractures along the plane perpendicular to the direction of the least principal stress. A horizontal fracture will be created if fracture pressure is greater than overburden pressure; a vertical fracture will occur if overburden pressure is greater.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Forage des puits de pétrole

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2011-05-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Tectonics
  • Vulcanology and Seismology
DEF

[An] earthquake resulting from the release of strain by deformation of the earth.

CONT

Tectonic earthquakes will occur anywhere within the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tectonique
  • Volcanologie et sismologie
OBS

La classe [de séismes] tectonique comprend tous les tremblements de terre résultant de la déformation des roches, telle que celle engendrée dans l'orogenèse. Le rebondissement élastique est le principal phénomène de cette classe.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Tectónica
  • Vulcanología y sismología
OBS

Seismo provocado por la actividad tectónica.

Save record 3

Record 4 2006-12-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
DEF

The surface between two snow layers (usually cohesive slabs) which mechanically fails in either compression or shear or both.

CONT

The fracture that releases a slab avalanche spreads along a weak snowpack layer called the failure plane. The bed surface usually lies immediately below the failure plane.

CONT

If wind loading occurs, the interface between the crust and the wind slab could be a failure plane. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.]

OBS

The failure plane is often the sliding surface (or bed surface) for a slab avalanche.

OBS

failure plane: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
CONT

Il y a risque d'avalanches de plaque quand une neige à forte cohésion (neige frittée ou plaque à vent) repose sur une mauvaise sous-couche qui ne lui assure pas un ancrage suffisant au sol et constitue pour elle un plan de rupture et de glissement.

CONT

S'il y a accumulation de neige transportée par le vent, l'interface entre la croûte et la plaque à vent pourrait devenir un plan de rupture. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]

CONT

Sous le poids d'une surcharge due au transport de la neige par le vent, l'interface entre la croûte et la plaque à vent pourrait devenir un plan de rupture. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]

OBS

plan de rupture : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 2002-01-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mineralogy
DEF

The breaking of a mineral along its crystallographic planes, thus reflecting crystal structure.

CONT

If a crack in a breaking mineral follows a particular crystallographic plane, breakage is by cleavage; if not, it is by fracture.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Minéralogie
DEF

[...] propriété que possèdent la plupart des cristaux de se briser sous l'action d'un choc [...] suivant des directions déterminées souvent parallèles entre elles et qu'on appelle «plans de clivage» : ce sont des plans de moindre résistance.

DEF

Fissuration d'un réseau cristallin suivant les plans cristallins, sous l'effet d'une contrainte ou de couches géologiques selon les zones de contact entre feuillets au niveau des discontinuités dans l'homogénéité des matériaux.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Mineralogía
Save record 5

Record 6 2000-09-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Geology
  • Tectonics
DEF

A joint that is a shear fracture; a potential plane of shear.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Géologie
  • Tectonique
CONT

Les joints de cisaillement [...] sont des joints fermés, liés à des microcisaillements; leur disposition est comparable à celle des failles en ceci qu'ils forment deux familles perpendiculaires entre elles, telles que la contrainte maximum et la contrainte minimum se situent dans les plans bissecteurs, l'intersection des joints déterminant la contrainte moyenne.

OBS

joint de cisaillement : terme uniformisé par le Comité de terminologie française du Conseil de doctrine et de tactique de l'Armée de terre.

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 2000-09-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Medical and Surgical Equipment
  • Orthopedic Surgery
CONT

Based on the preoperative measurements, a Steinman pin is driven vertically into the shaft of the radius 4 cm proximal to the osteotomy site. The osteotomy is usually placed at the original site of the fracture or approximately 2 cm proximal to the joint surface. A second Steinman pin is inserted into the distal part of the radius just proximal to the articular surface to create an angle with the perpendicular pin that is equivalent to the premeasured deformity in the sagittal plane. ]

French

Domaine(s)
  • Équipement médico-chirurgical
  • Chirurgie orthopédique

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 1998-03-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • General Mechanics (Physics)
  • Strength of Materials
CONT

The energy for complete fracture in double edge-notched tension test specimens has been measured for a wide range of polymer films. Results indicated that the variation of the total specific work of fracture, wT, with ligament length, L, can be described by two straight lines, both of the form wT=we+β wpl, thus giving upper and lower intercept values at zero ligament length(i. e. we) for each film. The first term, we, is the energy absorbed per unit area of fracture, whereas the second term, wp, is the energy absorbed per unit volume of plastic deformation remote from the fracture surface. The lower we value was obtained from the extrapolation of the data within the mixed mode region(plane-stress/plane-strain) where the maximum net-section stress exceeded 1. 15 times that of the tensile yield stress, σy, of the material, and the upper value was ascertained by extrapolating the data within the plane stress region where the net-section stress was 1. 15 σy. It appears that the transition from plane stress to plane strain mode of fracture in thin films occurs at a ligament length much greater than 5B, where B is the specimen thickness.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mécanique générale (Physique)
  • Résistance des matériaux

Spanish

Save record 8

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