TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] snowpack test that involves drawing the back edge of a snow saw up the length of a known weak layer in a column of snow.  3, record 1, English, - propagation%20saw%20test

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

During the test, the weak layer is monitored and the [propagation saw] test is halted the moment it begins to independently propagate the fracture being initiated by the saw. The results of the test give a point observation of a weak layer's tendency to propagate a fracture once it has been initiated.  3, record 1, English, - propagation%20saw%20test

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] test du manteau neigeux au cours duquel on glisse le dos d'une scie à neige le long d'une couche fragile, dans une colonne de neige.  3, record 1, French, - test%20de%20propagation%20%C3%A0%20la%20scie

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Lors du test, la couche fragile est observée, et le test [de propagation à la scie] est arrêté aussitôt que la rupture initiale faite à la scie se propage de façon indépendante. Les résultats du test permettent une observation précise de la tendance d'une rupture à se propager, une fois qu'elle a été initiée.  3, record 1, French, - test%20de%20propagation%20%C3%A0%20la%20scie

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le test de propagation à la scie (PST [...]) permet d'estimer à partir de quelle longueur une fissure réalisée à la scie va se propager dans un bloc de neige prédécoupé et de comparer la propension à la propagation pour différents manteaux neigeux.  2, record 1, French, - test%20de%20propagation%20%C3%A0%20la%20scie

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Test in which a specimen is broken and its fracture surface is examined with the unaided eye or with a low-power microscope to determine such factors as composition, grain size, case depth, or discontinuities.  1, record 2, English, - fracture%20test

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Essai consistant à casser un échantillon en vue de l'examen, à l'œil nu ou à l'aide d'un instrument de faible grandissement, des paramètres structuraux tels que la composition, la taille du grain, la profondeur de cémentation, la présence ou l'absence de défauts.  1, record 2, French, - essai%20de%20rupture

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The amount of energy required to fracture a material, usually measured by means of an Izod or Charpy test.  1, record 3, English, - impact%20strength

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Not to be confused with "impact resistance."  3, record 3, English, - impact%20strength

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The type of specimen and testing conditions affect the values and therefore should be specified.  1, record 3, English, - impact%20strength

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Quantité d'énergie nécessaire pour provoquer la rupture d'une pièce.  1, record 3, French, - %C3%A9nergie%20de%20rupture

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On la mesure au cours d'un essai Izod ou d'un essai Charpy.  1, record 3, French, - %C3%A9nergie%20de%20rupture

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Energía absorbida en el rompimiento de un espécimen, bajo una carga de choque, referida a la sección transversal de un espécimen.  1, record 3, Spanish, - resistencia%20al%20impacto

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En los ensayos de impacto Charpy (ISO 179) e Izod (ISO 180).  1, record 3, Spanish, - resistencia%20al%20impacto

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Current major projects include development of an irradiation test vehicles for high temperature instrumented irradiation experiments, development of boiling water capsule experiment hardware, and methodology and design of systems for crack growth rate and fracture toughness testing of irradiated materials.  1, record 4, English, - boiling%20water%20capsule

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dispositifs d'irradiation. [...] Les capsules à eau bouillante permettent de créer un milieu très proche de celui des réacteurs à eau ordinaire. Leur simplicité de mise en œuvre et 'exploitation les rend très attrayantes pour de nombreux essais de comportement des crayons combustibles des réacteurs à eau (rampes de puissance, cyclages, etc.).  1, record 4, French, - capsule%20%C3%A0%20eau%20bouillante

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Regarding material characterization, most work is centered around laboratory testing and adapting the many existing test methods for textiles to construction use tests.... An example [of new techniques] is Rollins work with an image analyzer to characterize fabric as to the size and shape of the openings and details of clogging or blinding of the fabrics. Crack propagation in fabrics is also being studied on a fracture mechanics basis, indicating that many tools common to other areas are being used in fabric problems.  1, record 5, English, - material%20characterization

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lorsqu’on a effectué l’exhumation temporaire et l’autopsie [...], des échantillons de son vêtement et des textiles faisant partie du cercueil ont été prélevés à des fins d’analyse. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient de caractériser les textiles, d'évaluer leur état et de déterminer s’ils contenaient des indices relatifs à la cause du décès [...] La caractérisation des textiles a été faite à l’aide de méthodes d’analyse non-destructives, comme l’examen microscopique, l’analyse de certaines impuretés par spectroscopie des rayons X à dispersion d’énergie, le compte des fils, et la mesure du facteur de couverture du tissu.  2, record 5, French, - caract%C3%A9risation%20de%20textiles

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A triangular depression on the back of the wrist produced by extending the fingers and thumb, on which orthopedic surgeons exert digital pressure in order to test suspected fracture of the scaphoid bone.  2, record 6, English, - anatomical%20snuff%2Dbox

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dépression elliptique des téguments de la partie postéro-latérale du poignet.  1, record 6, French, - tabati%C3%A8re%20anatomique

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The difference between the original cross sectional area of a tension test specimen and the area of its smallest cross section ... The reduction of area is usually expressed as a percentage of the original cross sectional area of the specimen.  1, record 7, English, - reduction%20of%20area

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The smallest cross section may be measured at or after fracture as specified for the material under test.  1, record 7, English, - reduction%20of%20area

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Many English authors make no difference between "reduction of area" which is a phenomenon and "percent reduction of area" which is a mathematical value.  4, record 7, English, - reduction%20of%20area

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS

reduction of area: term standardized by the American Standards Testing and Materials (ASTM).  4, record 7, English, - reduction%20of%20area

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] rapport de la variation ultime de section transversale produite par l'essai [...] et exprimé en pourcentage. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.]  1, record 7, French, - coefficient%20de%20striction

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

coefficient de striction : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  3, record 7, French, - coefficient%20de%20striction

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A semi-quantitative measure of the "nature" or ease of fracture when performing shear tests on the snowpack.  2, record 8, English, - shear%20quality

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Note the shear quality of that test. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.]  3, record 8, English, - shear%20quality

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A new test developed in the USA but not in widespread use in Canada.  3, record 8, English, - shear%20quality

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Shear quality indicators within the US range from Q1 to Q3 as described below and give additional useful information about snowpack stability beyond the test scores.... Q1-Unusually clean, planar, smooth and fast shear surface; weak layer may collapse during fracture and slab may slide into pit on slopes angles > 35°. Q2-Average shear, mostly smooth but slab does not slide as readily as Q1; fracture occurs throughout most of slab but some small irregularities possible-not as many as Q3. Q3-Non-planar shear surface, uneven, irregular and rough; shear fracture typically not through the whole slab/weak layer interface. Slab may experience only slight movement.  2, record 8, English, - shear%20quality

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 3 OBS

shear quality: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  4, record 8, English, - shear%20quality

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Notez la qualité de cisaillement obtenue lors de ce test. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]  1, record 8, French, - qualit%C3%A9%20de%20cisaillement

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Nouveau test créé aux États-Unis et très peu usité au Canada.  1, record 8, French, - qualit%C3%A9%20de%20cisaillement

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

qualité de cisaillement : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  2, record 8, French, - qualit%C3%A9%20de%20cisaillement

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An impact test to determine the ductility of a metal; a freely swinging pendulum is allowed to strike and break a notched specimen laid loosely on a support; the work done by the pendulum is obtained by comparing the position of the pendulum before release with the position to which it swings after breaking the specimen.  3, record 9, English, - Charpy%20test

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Toughness is traditionally measured using the Charpy impact test. However, modern steels are so tough that the small Charpy specimen is simply bent rather than fractured, making it difficult or impossible to characterize fracture using this test.  4, record 9, English, - Charpy%20test

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La résilience est habituellement mesurée au moyen de l'essai de résilience Charpy. Toutefois, les aciers modernes sont si durs que, dans l'essai Charpy, la petite éprouvette est tout simplement pliée plutôt que cassée.  3, record 9, French, - essai%20de%20r%C3%A9silience%20Charpy

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La mesure de la résilience est effectuée à l'aide du mouton pendulaire Charpy frappant une éprouvette munie d'une entaille en forme de U ou de V. [...] L'essai, effectué à 20 °C, consiste à rompre par le choc d'un seul coup de mouton-pendule une éprouvette entaillée en son milieu et reposant sur deux appuis et à déduire la résilience de la mesure de l'énergie absorbée par la rupture.  4, record 9, French, - essai%20de%20r%C3%A9silience%20Charpy

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Note the fracture character of that test. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. ]  1, record 10, English, - fracture%20character

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fracture character: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  2, record 10, English, - fracture%20character

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Notez les caractéristiques de la rupture lors des tests. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]  1, record 10, French, - caract%C3%A9ristique%20de%20la%20rupture

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

caractéristique de la rupture : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  2, record 10, French, - caract%C3%A9ristique%20de%20la%20rupture

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The current trend [in toughness assessment of modern steels] is to use larger full-thickness specimens that can be made to fracture in a drop-weight test, and to instrument the test machine so that quantitative measures of toughness such as absorbed energy or crack-tip opening angle(CTOA) can be measured.  1, record 11, English, - crack%2Dtip%20opening%20angle

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... efforts are now being devoted to micro-mechanical modelling of the fracture process to predict the load at which fracture will occur and the geometry (CTOA) of the propagating crack.  1, record 11, English, - crack%2Dtip%20opening%20angle

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] on installe sur la machine d'essai [de rupture par chute d'un poids] des instruments permettant d'obtenir des mesures quantitatives de la résilience, par exemple, l'énergie absorbée ou l'angle d'ouverture de l'extrémité de la fissure (AOEF).  1, record 11, French, - angle%20d%27ouverture%20de%20l%27extr%C3%A9mit%C3%A9%20de%20la%20fissure

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les travaux portent [...] sur la modélisation micromécanique du processus de rupture afin de prévoir la charge qui causera la rupture ainsi que la géométrie (AOEF) de la fissure qui se formera.  1, record 11, French, - angle%20d%27ouverture%20de%20l%27extr%C3%A9mit%C3%A9%20de%20la%20fissure

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Every operator shall conduct a formation leak off test in the hole to determine the fracture integrity of the formation prior to drilling more than 10 metres below the shoe of any casing other than the conductor casing.  1, record 12, English, - formation%20leak%20off%20test

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'exploitant réalise un essai de pression de fuite dans le puits pour déterminer la résistance à la fracturation de la formation avant de forer à une profondeur de plus de 10 mètres au-dessous du sabot de tout tubage autre que le tubage initial.  1, record 12, French, - essai%20de%20pression%20de%20fuite

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Determination of the degree of resistance of a material to breaking by impact, under bending, tension, and torsion loads.  5, record 13, English, - impact%20test

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Impact test. ... The quantity measured is the energy absorbed in breaking the specimen by a single blow, as in the Charpy or Izod tests.  6, record 13, English, - impact%20test

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Impact tests.... The Charpy test and the Izod test each employ a pendulum, and the energy absorbed in fracture is obtained from the height to which the pendulum rises.  7, record 13, English, - impact%20test

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Essai utilisé pour étudier la résilience d'un matériau.  5, record 13, French, - essai%20de%20choc

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un essai de résilience a pour but de déterminer la ténacité d'un métal [ou autre matériau], c'est-à-dire sa résistance au choc. Celle-ci est mesurée par l'énergie nécessaire pour provoquer la rupture d'un échantillon. On appelle cette énergie de rupture la résilience.  6, record 13, French, - essai%20de%20choc

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'essai de résilience est généralement effectué avec le mouton-pendule de Charpy, constitué par une masse de poids déterminé, mobile autour d'un axe fixe; la barre à tester est calée horizontalement aux pieds de l'appareil, de sorte que la masse puisse la casser en tombant d'une certaine hauteur.  7, record 13, French, - essai%20de%20choc

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A test applied particularly to cast iron in which a bar of specified length and section is supported at each end on suitable supports. A load is applied on the bar halfway between the supports. The bar is tested to fracture and the maximum load is measured and also the maximum deflection before fracture.  1, record 14, English, - transverse%20test

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Essai consistant à soumettre une éprouvette cylindrique ou prismatique reposant sur deux supports à un effort progressivement appliqué au voisinage du milieu de la portion de l'éprouvette située entre ces deux supports. On mesure la déformation ou flèche en fonction de l'effort, l'effort et la flèche au début de la déformation plastique, l'effort et la flèche maximales quand l'essai est poussé jusqu'à la rupture.  1, record 14, French, - essai%20de%20flexion%20statique%20sur%20barreau

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The energy for complete fracture in double edge-notched tension test specimens has been measured for a wide range of polymer films. Results indicated that the variation of the total specific work of fracture, wT, with ligament length, L, can be described by two straight lines, both of the form wT=we+β wpl, thus giving upper and lower intercept values at zero ligament length(i. e. we) for each film. The first term, we, is the energy absorbed per unit area of fracture, whereas the second term, wp, is the energy absorbed per unit volume of plastic deformation remote from the fracture surface. The lower we value was obtained from the extrapolation of the data within the mixed mode region(plane-stress/plane-strain) where the maximum net-section stress exceeded 1. 15 times that of the tensile yield stress, σy, of the material, and the upper value was ascertained by extrapolating the data within the plane stress region where the net-section stress was 1. 15 σy. It appears that the transition from plane stress to plane strain mode of fracture in thin films occurs at a ligament length much greater than 5B, where B is the specimen thickness.  1, record 15, English, - stress%20region

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A mechanical test used to determine the ductility and stretching properties of sheet metal. It consists of measuring the maximum part depth that can be formed before fracture. The test is typically carried out by stretching the test piece clamped at its edges into a circular die using a punch with a hemispherical end.  2, record 16, English, - cupping%20test

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A simulative test for sheet metal formability in which a strip of sheet metal is clamped at its ends in lock beads and deformed in the center by a punch. Test conditions are chosen so that fracture occurs in the region of punch contact.  1, record 17, English, - stretch%2Dbending%20test

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A cupping test used for assessing the ductility of sheet metal. The method consists of forcing a conical or hemispherical-ended plunger into the specimen and measuring the depth of the impression at fracture.  2, record 18, English, - Erichsen%20test

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Essai d'emboutissage à froid des métaux en feuilles.  2, record 18, French, - essai%20Erichsen

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A gray and amorphous fracture that results when a metal is sufficiently ductile for the crystals to elongate before fracture occurs.  1, record 19, English, - fibrous%20fracture

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

When a fibrous fracture is obtained in an impact test, it may be regarded as definite evidence of toughness of the metal.  1, record 19, English, - fibrous%20fracture

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cassure d'aspect soyeux ou de couleur gris mat caractéristique d'une rupture ductile. S'oppose à la rupture cristalline brillante.  1, record 19, French, - rupture%20fibreuse

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Poor performance on almost every test of neuromuscular function, such as gait speed, was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture.  1, record 20, English, - neuromuscular%20function%20test

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par analogie avec «examen fonctionnel respiratoire» et «épreuve fonctionnelle respiratoire», équivalents français de «pulmonary function test».  1, record 20, French, - examen%20fonctionnel%20neuromusculaire

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fracture, through crack growth, of a component or test piece subjected to a repeated tensile deformation.  1, record 21, English, - tension%20fatigue

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rupture d'un composant ou d'une éprouvette soumise à des déformations par tractions répétées, résultant d'une propagation de craquelure.  1, record 21, French, - fatigue%20sous%20tension

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A test in which a specimen is subjected to increasing longitudinal pulling stress until fracture occurs.  3, record 22, English, - tensile%20test

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The tensile test is frequently used to obtain a great amount of information about the static mechanical properties of a material, including ductility, tensile strength, proportional limit, modulus of elasticity, elastic limit, resilience, yield point, yield strength, and breaking strength.  4, record 22, English, - tensile%20test

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'essai de traction a pour objet d'étudier la déformation et la rupture d'une éprouvette soumise à des sollicitations (...) de sens opposés (...)  2, record 22, French, - essai%20de%20traction

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Essai de traction. Cet essai consiste à (...) déterminer une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques mécaniques suivantes: limite d'élasticité (...), résistance à la traction (...), allongement pour cent après rupture (...) et le coefficient de striction pour cent (...)  3, record 22, French, - essai%20de%20traction

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish