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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Short tandem repeat polymorphisms, also referred to as variable number of tandem repeats(VNTRs), are very important to scientists, because they can be used to identify individuals genetically. Marker systems are used to detect loci that respond to restriction enzyme cleavage by producing a fragment that can have many different lengths. This polymorphism is due to variation in the number of tandem repeats. VNTRs can be identified in various ways. Probes can be developed which will hybridize to complementary sequences after RFLP has been performed on a sample of genomic DNA(Southern blots). A second method involves the use of PCR. If the sequence surrounding the VNTR is known, PCR primers(oligonucleotides) can be designed to amplify the repeat region(s). The information obtained from these experiments is useful in the fields of forensics, population characterization, human gene mapping, identification of genes involved in disease, relationship testing, and identifying genes of interest such as those that encode proteins containing zinc finge.  3, record 1, English, - variable%20number%20of%20tandem%20repeats

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ces expertises sont actuellement effectuées par l'analyse de l'ADN (Acide DésoxyriboNucléique) au moyen de l'examen du polymorphisme VNTR (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats) qui est un polymorphisme de restriction (RFLP = Restriction Fragments Length Polymorphism). Un VNTR est un polymorphisme de répétition ou de longueur. Il s'agit d'une séquence répétée qui constitue un allèle, dont le nombre de répétitions varie d'un individu à l'autre, et qui se transmet selon les lois de Mendel. Chez un hétérozygote les deux allèles sont visibles; il s'agit donc de marqueurs génétiques co-dominants.  2, record 1, French, - nombre%20variable%20de%20r%C3%A9p%C3%A9titions%20en%20tandem

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Secuencias repetidas de ADN, organizadas en tándem, cuyo número de copias es muy variable según el genotipo.  3, record 1, Spanish, - repeticiones%20en%20t%C3%A1ndem%20de%20n%C3%BAmero%20variable

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

From the tempering bins, the grain passes to an impact aspirator. This machine has a variable speed drive set to ensure a fairly severe scouring of the wheat against the body of the aspirator. It is important to operate the impact aspirator at a controlled speed : fast enough to effectively achieve its purpose but not so fast as to fragment the durum grains. The purpose of scouring is twofold : to dislodge and remove the germ from the berry; to scour off the outer skin, called beeswing, from the grain, and separate this material from the mass by aspiration, thereby reducing the microbial count of the grain.  1, record 2, English, - impact%20aspirator

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En sortant des boisseaux de repos, le grain passe dans un aspirateur à percussion. Cette machine dispose d'un variateur de vitesse, qui est réglé de manière à effectuer une friction énergétique du blé contre les côtés de l'aspirateur. Il est important d'utiliser l'aspirateur à percussion à une vitesse assez rapide pour atteindre le but recherché, mais pas assez pour fragmenter les grains de blé. Le but de ce brossage énergique est double : déloger et enlever le germe de l'amande; décoller la membrane de son extérieure (soufflures) et la séparer de la masse par aspiration, réduisant ainsi la numération microbienne du grain.  1, record 2, French, - aspirateur%20%C3%A0%20percussion

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish