TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Transverse member riveted or bolted to the web of a chassis frame side rail.  1, record 1, English, - chassis%20frame%20crossmember

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cross member: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  2, record 1, English, - chassis%20frame%20crossmember

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pièce d'écartement fixée à l'âme des longerons du cadre de châssis par rivetage ou boulonnage.  1, record 1, French, - traverse%20de%20cadre%20de%20ch%C3%A2ssis

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

traverse : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  2, record 1, French, - traverse%20de%20cadre%20de%20ch%C3%A2ssis

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Perfil espaciador fijado al alma de los largueros del bastidor con remaches o tornillos.  1, record 1, Spanish, - travesa%C3%B1o%20de%20bastidor

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Meeting rail sufficiently thicker than the window to fill the opening between the top and bottom sash made by the check strip or parting strip in the frame. [It] is usually beveled and rabbeted.  2, record 2, English, - check%20rail

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 DEF

A rail, thicker than the window, that spans the opening between the top and bottom sash; usually beveled and rabbeted.  3, record 2, English, - check%20rail

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Check rail" and "meeting rail" seems to be slightly different at least in form and size and are so defined in all sources consulted but MABUI 1982 which give the terms as synonymous.  4, record 2, English, - check%20rail

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

check rail: term often found and defined in its plural form being one of a pair.  4, record 2, English, - check%20rail

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

See record "meeting rail."  4, record 2, English, - check%20rail

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Comme dans toutes les fenêtres à guillotine, les deux traverses du milieu comportent une mortaise à chacune de leurs extrémités pour que la grosse moulure et le chanfrein plat du châssis inférieur ne soient pas poussés dans du bois de bout.  2, record 2, French, - traverse%20de%20rencontre

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ne pas confondre avec «traverse» ou «traverse de châssis mobile» qui désigne les deux traverses inférieure et supérieure d'un même ouvrant dans une fenêtre à guillotine et non pas spécifiquement la traverse supérieure de l'ouvrant inférieur et la traverse inférieure de l'ouvrant supérieur qui se chevauchent en position fermée.  3, record 2, French, - traverse%20de%20rencontre

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

En anglais, les termes «meeting rail» et «check rail» comportent une distinction quant à la forme ou aux dimensions que ne semble pas faire le français.  3, record 2, French, - traverse%20de%20rencontre

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Varilla de madera o metal horizontal que separa la parte superior de la inferior del armazón de una ventana de guillotina.  1, record 2, Spanish, - travesa%C3%B1o%20de%20encuentro

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any device, e. g. a length or frame of iron rail, for roughly levelling a relatively loose and/or soft surface, e. g. of a dirt road, by its heavy dragging action.  2, record 3, English, - drag

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tout moyen, par exemple, segment de rail ou de fer profilé, permettant de niveler grossièrement en le traînant, une surface relativement meuble et/ou tendre, celle d'une piste en terre par exemple.  2, record 3, French, - tra%C3%AEneau

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On doit réparer périodiquement [...] les déformations des chaussées non revêtues à éléments fins en faisant passer une niveleuse, un traîneau (drag), parfois un camion portant une lame sous le châssis [...] Le rabotage à la niveleuse ou au traîneau est le seul remède efficace à la tôle ondulée [...]  1, record 3, French, - tra%C3%AEneau

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Máquina utilizada para nivelar el terreno.  1, record 3, Spanish, - aplanadora

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The slip-knifing of windows is accomplished by inserting a thin stiff object between the meeting rails or stiles to move the latch to the open position, or by inserting a thin stiff wire through opening, between the stile or rail and the frame to manipulate the sash operator of pivoting window.  2, record 4, English, - slip%2Dknifing

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A horizontal molding on a door or window frame, which diverts the water from the top rail, causing it to drip beyond the outside of the frame.  2, record 5, English, - drip%20cap

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rejéteau rainure sous la partie mobile d'une fenêtre pour arrêter l'eau. Aussi, sous la moulure au-dessus d'une fenêtre ou porte, ou au chanfrein  2, record 5, French, - rejingot

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The standard measurement for frame strength is a term known as "RBM"(Resistance to Bending Movement). The RBM is the yield strength of the frame material multiplied by the section modules of the frame rail. A typical yield strength of steel used in commercial truck chassis is 50, 000 psi, and the section modules per frame is 13. 3 to 13. 4 inches cubed. Therefore, the RBM per rail is approximately 670, 000 inch-pounds, with the RBM of the entire chassis frame(both rails) being double that, or 1, 340, 000 pounds.  4, record 6, English, - resistance%20to%20bending%20moment

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Furthermore, a single frame in lieu of old double frames, such as those found in older dump trucks, saves 300-500 lb. in tare weight but still provides strong resistance to bending movement in the frame, which is essential when operating in a severe construction environment.  6, record 6, English, - resistance%20to%20bending%20moment

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The 2000 Suburban ... modular frame ... Section modulus (in cubic inches) is up from 3.16 to 4.24 and the resistance to bending moment (in pounds/inches) goes from 104,000 to 140,000.  7, record 6, English, - resistance%20to%20bending%20moment

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] balai de rue automoteur à quatre roues [...] CHASSIS : De type en «C» de 76 mm X 330 mm en acier à haute résistance et à faible teneur en carbone. Module de section : 16,63. Résistance à la flexion : 831,500 lbs/po.  2, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le dispositif de protection arrière doit avoir une résistance à la flexion au moins équivalente à celle d'une poutre en acier dont la section droite a un module de résistance à la flexion de 20 cm³.  3, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

flexion : Mécan. Courbure d'une pièce longue (poutre, barre...) sous l'action de forces perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal et appliquées en des points où la pièce n'est pas soutenue. Flexion plane. Module de flexion. Résistance à la flexion.  4, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The webbing is carried over the bottom of the back rail and centered over the center mark. The teeth of the webbing stretcher are hooked into the webbing so that the stretcher is on a 30° angle when the padded base is against the frame. Push down on the stretcher until the webbing is as tight as you can make it. This is described as being as tight as the head of a drum.  1, record 7, English, - webbing%20stretcher

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail having a box-shaped cross-section.  1, record 8, English, - box%2Dsection%20chassis%20frame%20rail

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont le profilé est fermé par l'adjonction d'une plaque soudée reliant ses deux ailes.  1, record 8, French, - longeron%20%C3%A0%20profil%C3%A9%20ferm%C3%A9

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero del bastidor cuyo perfil está cerrado por una chapa soldada que une los dos patines.  1, record 8, Spanish, - larguero%20de%20bastidor%20de%20perfil%20cerrado

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En español también se usa simplemente larguero en forma de caja.  1, record 8, Spanish, - larguero%20de%20bastidor%20de%20perfil%20cerrado

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail which has only one channel  1, record 9, English, - single%20channel%20side%20rail

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont la structure ne se compose que d'un seul profilé.  1, record 9, French, - longeron%20simple

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero de bastidor de una sola canal.  1, record 9, Spanish, - larguero%20de%20una%20sola%20canal

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Outer side rail of a chassis frame with double channel rails.  1, record 10, English, - primary%20frame%20channel

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron extérieur d'un cadre de châssis à longerons doubles.  1, record 10, French, - longeron%20principal

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero exterior de un bastidor.  1, record 10, Spanish, - larguero%20principal

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail with a second channel added internally, for improved chassis frame capacity and rigidity.  1, record 11, English, - double%20channel%20side%20rail

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont la structure se compose d'un profilé principal auquel est jumelé un profilé intérieur emboîté, destiné à augmenter la capacité et la rigidité du cadre de châssis.  1, record 11, French, - longeron%20double

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero de bastidor con un perfil principal al que se le ha agregado un perfil interior moldeado para aumentar la resistencia y rigidez del bastidor.  1, record 11, Spanish, - larguero%20de%20canal%20doble

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail thicker in the lower part of the web where the stress is greatest.  1, record 12, English, - drop%20section%20frame%20side%20rail

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont la hauteur d'âme est plus importante dans sa partie inférieure aux points d'efforts maximaux.  1, record 12, French, - longeron%20%C3%A0%20section%20%C3%A9volutive

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero de bastidor con la parte inferior del alma más ancha en los puntos de mayor tensión.  1, record 12, Spanish, - secci%C3%B3n%20del%20larguero%20de%20cama%20baja

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail with a tapered rear-end section for easy semi-trailer hook-up and greater clearance between the tractor chassis frame and the semi-trailer understructure.  1, record 13, English, - tractor%20taper%20side%20rail

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont la partie à l'extrémité arrière a été aménagée avec une découpe biaise de façon à favoriser l'attelage des semi-remorques et à augmenter la garde entre le cadre de châssis du tracteur routier et le soubassement de la semi-remorque.  1, record 13, French, - longeron%20chanfrein%C3%A9

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero de bastidor de tractor con cortes en chaflán o ángulo diedro en el extremo posterior para facilitar el acoplamiento de semirremolques y aumentar la distancia entre el chasis del camión tractor y la estructura inferior del semirremolque.  1, record 13, Spanish, - larguero%20de%20tractor%20ahusado

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vehicle frame chassis in which the conventional frame is replaced by a closed-section beam-shaped center rail on which the brackets supporting the main components and the body are mounted.  1, record 14, English, - central%20tube%20chassis

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Châssis de véhicule dont le cadre rectangulaire est remplacé par un longeron central à profilé fermé, en forme de poutre, sur lequel sont fixées les consoles supportant les composants principaux et la carrosserie.  1, record 14, French, - ch%C3%A2ssis%20%C3%A0%20longeron%2Dpoutre%20central

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chasis de vehículo con bastidor rectangular en lugar de un larguero central de perfil cerrado, en forma de viga. En él se fijan las ménsulas de soporte para los mecanismos de base y la carrocería.  1, record 14, Spanish, - chasis%20rectangular

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Metal part which reinforces a chassis frame side rail at a point of high load stress.  1, record 15, English, - chassis%20frame%20rail%20reinforcement

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The reinforcement usually consists of an L-shaped piece of iron or a bent piece of sheet metal.  1, record 15, English, - chassis%20frame%20rail%20reinforcement

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pièce métallique servant à renforcer les longerons de cadre de châssis à un point d'effort particulier.  1, record 15, French, - renfort%20de%20longeron

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il s'agit généralement d'une pièce de fer plat profilée en L ou d'une tôle pliée.  1, record 15, French, - renfort%20de%20longeron

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pieza metálica que sirve para reforzar los largueros del bastidor en un punto de gran tensión.  1, record 15, Spanish, - refuerzo%20del%20larguero%20de%20chasis

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Consiste generalmente en una pieza de hierro plano de perfil en L o en una plancha doblada.  1, record 15, Spanish, - refuerzo%20del%20larguero%20de%20chasis

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail whose web height is constant over its whole length.  1, record 16, English, - constant%20section%20side%20rail

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont la hauteur d'âme est constante sur toute sa longueur.  1, record 16, French, - longeron%20%C3%A0%20section%20constante

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero de bastidor cuya alma tiene una altura constante en toda su extensión.  1, record 16, Spanish, - secci%C3%B3n%20de%20larguero%20recto

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Upwardly arched section of a side rail, situated at the rear axle, which allows greater vertical wheel travel for a vehicle with a dropped chassis frame.  1, record 17, English, - camel%20hump

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie cintrée d'un longeron incurvé vers le haut, située à l'emplacement de l'essieu arrière, et permettant un large débattement des roues sur un véhicule à cadre de châssis surbaissé.  1, record 17, French, - vo%C3%BBte%20de%20longeron

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte curvada hacia arriba de un larguero, a la altura del eje trasero, que deja amplio espacio para las ruedas en un vehículo con bastidor rebajado.  1, record 17, Spanish, - arco%20del%20larguero

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail with an upper flange of uniform section over its full length.  1, record 18, English, - straight%20frame%20rail

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont le profil de l'aile supérieure est constant sur toute sa longueur.  1, record 18, French, - longeron%20droit

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero de bastidor cuyo patín superior tiene un perfil constante en toda su extensión.  1, record 18, Spanish, - larguero%20de%20bastidor%20recto

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Spacer mounted vertically between the side rail flanges of a chassis frame for reducing compressive stress at the anchor points of the body.  1, record 19, English, - frame%20rail%20inner%20spacer

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Entretoise constituée d'une cornière installée verticalement à l'intérieur des longerons de cadre de châssis et servant à prévenir la déformation des ailes de longeron aux points de fixation de la carrosserie.  1, record 19, French, - entretoise%20de%20longeron%20int%C3%A9rieure

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Refuerzo metálico en ángulo instalado verticalmente en la parte interior de los largueros del bastidor y que sirve para evitar la deformación de los patines del larguero en los puntos de montaje de la carrocería.  1, record 19, Spanish, - espaciador%20interior%20del%20larguero

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bracket mounted on the frame rail web and which supports the engine.  1, record 20, English, - engine%20mounting%20bracket

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pièce fixée à l'âme du longeron et sur laquelle est monté le moteur.  1, record 20, French, - support%20de%20moteur

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pieza en la que se monta el motor fijada al alma del larguero.  1, record 20, Spanish, - soporte%20de%20motor

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vertical portion of a chassis frame rail connecting the upper and lower flanges.  1, record 21, English, - frame%20rail%20web

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie médiane et verticale d'un profilé de longeron ouvert.  1, record 21, French, - %C3%A2me%20de%20longeron

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte media y vertical de un perfil de larguero abierto.  1, record 21, Spanish, - alma%20del%20larguero%20de%20bastidor

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail whose depth varies over its length.  1, record 22, English, - drop%20frame%20side%20rail

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Side rails of this type are found on dropped chassis frames.  1, record 22, English, - drop%20frame%20side%20rail

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont le profil n'est pas constant sur toute sa longueur.  1, record 22, French, - longeron%20incurv%C3%A9

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les longerons incurvés se retrouvent, par exemple, sur les cadres de châssis surbaissés.  1, record 22, French, - longeron%20incurv%C3%A9

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero de bastidor de perfil hacia abajo.  1, record 22, Spanish, - larguero%20de%20cama%20baja

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Por ejemplo, los largueros rebajados se utilizan en los chasis hacia abajo.  1, record 22, Spanish, - larguero%20de%20cama%20baja

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chassis frame side rail with a gradual taper in the upper flange.  1, record 23, English, - tapered%20side%20rail

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Longeron de cadre de châssis dont une partie de l'aile supérieure a été abaissée par façonnage.  1, record 23, French, - longeron%20%C3%A0%20section%20d%C3%A9gressive

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Larguero de bastidor con el patín superior rebajado por maquinado.  1, record 23, Spanish, - larguero%20ahusado

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Device for lowering the gear ratio and converting the rotational motion of the steering wheel into linear motion of the steering linkage.  1, record 24, English, - steering%20gear%2Dbox

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The steering gear-box is bolted to the chassis frame side rail or crossmember.  1, record 24, English, - steering%20gear%2Dbox

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dispositif utilisé pour démultiplier et changer le mouvement de rotation du volant en un mouvement linéaire de la timonerie.  1, record 24, French, - bo%C3%AEtier%20de%20direction

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le boîtier de direction est boulonné à un longeron ou à une traverse de cadre de châssis.  1, record 24, French, - bo%C3%AEtier%20de%20direction

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dispositivo que sirve para reducir y traducir el movimiento de rotación del volante en movimiento lineal de transmisión de la dirección.  1, record 24, Spanish, - caja%20del%20mecanismo%20de%20direcci%C3%B3n

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Está fijada con pernos a uno de los largueros o travesaños del bastidor del chasis.  1, record 24, Spanish, - caja%20del%20mecanismo%20de%20direcci%C3%B3n

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The centre section of the side rail drops from either the cowl or the rear door area... Bulges on the sides and wrinkles on the top of the frame members are definite evidence of sag condition.  2, record 25, English, - sag

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

État de ce qui est affaissé.  1, record 25, French, - affaissement

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

S'affaisser: plier, baisser de niveau sous un poids ou une pression.  1, record 25, French, - affaissement

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A metal frame suspended from a trolley running on a rail used for hanging and moving meats and products.  1, record 26, English, - cage

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La congélation se fait soit dans les tunnels de congélation de viande en carcasses, soit dans des tunnels spécialement prévus à cet effet. Dans le premier cas les caisses sont placées sur des balancelles à étagères superposées pour utiliser la hauteur totale du tunnel [...].  1, record 26, French, - balancelle%20%C3%A0%20%C3%A9tag%C3%A8res

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

frame and cylinder shop : term officially approved by CP Rail.  2, record 27, English, - frame%20and%20cylinder%20shop

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

atelier des châssis et cylindres : terme uniformisé par CP Rail.  2, record 27, French, - atelier%20des%20ch%C3%A2ssis%20et%20cylindres

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish