TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Water safety at the community level involves interventions at the source of the water supply or in the distribution system, including physically removing pathogens(i. e., through filtration, adsorption, sedimentation, or other methods) ;chemically treating the water, commonly with chlorine, to kill or deactivate pathogens; and disinfecting water using heat(i. e., boiling or pasteurization) or ultraviolet radiation(i. e., sun or artificial lamp). Alternatively, protected sources of water can be created, such as springs, wells, and boreholes, which are generally free from contaminants. As for sanitation, improved and unimproved water facilities have been defined based on their risk of contamination.  2, record 1, English, - water%20safety

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La salubridad del agua se evalúa empleando un enfoque de valoración del riesgo, como la planificación de la salubridad del agua, y podrá incluir inspecciones sanitarias.  1, record 1, Spanish, - salubridad%20del%20agua

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The chapter presents techniques of natural cooling of the buildings, which can be utilized by passive or free cooling. In case of the passive cooling, the cold is transferred into the building only by natural heat transfer mechanisms, while free cooling uses mechanical devices to transport the cold into the building.  2, record 2, English, - free%20cooling

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode consistant à utiliser une circulation d'eau ou d'air pour refroidir un produit ou un bâtiment, sans recourir à une machine thermodynamique.  1, record 2, French, - refroidissement%20par%20une%20source%20naturelle

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

refroidissement par une source naturelle; refroidissement naturel : désignations et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 4 février 2010.  2, record 2, French, - refroidissement%20par%20une%20source%20naturelle

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS) is a technique in which free gaseous atoms absorb electromagnetic radiation at a specific wavelength to produce a measurable signal. … the analyte must be first converted into gaseous atoms, usually by application of heat to [a graphite furnace, flame or electrothermal atomizer].  8, record 3, English, - atomic%20absorption%20spectroscopy

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode d'analyse chimique, utilisée pour doser les éléments en trace (concentration < 1 %) en vaporisant, par une flamme ou dans un four, l'échantillon à analyser, ordinairement en solution.  7, record 3, French, - spectroscopie%20d%27absorption%20atomique

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Técnica espectroscópica muy sensible de análisis elemental cuantitativo.  1, record 3, Spanish, - espectroscopia%20de%20absorci%C3%B3n%20at%C3%B3mica

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pasteurized means heat treated to kill vegetative (non-spore) cells of pathogens in food such as juice, honey, milk and other dairy products.  2, record 4, English, - pasteurized

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[According to the Honey Regulations(C. R. C., c. 287) ] in relation to honey, means treated in a registered pasteurizing plant by the controlled application of heat so that the honey is free of viable sugar-tolerant yeasts.  3, record 4, English, - pasteurized

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Règlement sur le miel (C.R.C., ch. 287)] appliqué au miel signifie traité dans un établissement agréé de pasteurisation par l'application réglée de chaleur jusqu'au point où il est exempt de levures viables, tolérantes au sucre.  2, record 4, French, - pasteuris%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An elastomer which can be, or already is modified to a state in which it is essentially insoluble (but can swell) in boiling solvent such as benzene, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethanol-toluene azeotrope.  1, record 5, English, - rubber

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A rubber in its modified state cannot be easily remoulded to a permanent shape by the application of heat and moderate pressure; free of diluents, it retracts within 1 min to less than 1, 5 times its original length after being stretched at normal room temperature(18 °C to 29 °C) to twice its length and held for 1 min before release.  1, record 5, English, - rubber

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

rubber: term and definition standardized by ISO.  2, record 5, English, - rubber

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Élastomère qui est déjà ou peut être amené à un état tel qu'il soit essentiellement insoluble, bien que susceptible de gonfler dans un solvant porté à ébullition, tel que benzène, méthyléthylcétone et azéotrope éthanol-toluène.  1, record 5, French, - caoutchouc

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Un élastomère-caoutchouc dans son état modifié ne peut être aisément remoulé par chauffage et pression modérés. En son état modifié, un élastomère-caoutchouc ne contenant pas de diluants revient, en 1 min, à moins de 1,5 fois sa longueur initiale, après avoir été étiré, à la température normale (18 °C à 29 °C), et maintenu au double de sa longueur initiale durant 1 min avant d'être relâché.  1, record 5, French, - caoutchouc

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

caoutchouc; élastomère-caoutchouc : termes et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  2, record 5, French, - caoutchouc

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Elastómero que puede ser, o ya ha sido, modificado hasta un estado en el cual es prácticamente insoluble (pero se puede hinchar) en un solvente en ebullición como benceno, metil etil cetona y azeotropo etanol tolueno, entre otros.  1, record 5, Spanish, - caucho

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Un caucho en su estado modificado no se puede remoldear fácilmente aplicándole calor y presión moderada; libre de diluyentes, se retrae dentro de 1 min, a menos de 1,5 veces su longitud original después de haberse embutido a temperatura ambiente normal (18 ºC a 29 ºC) hasta dos veces su longitud durante 1 min antes de liberarlo.  1, record 5, Spanish, - caucho

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Flaming combustion is one example of a chemical chain reaction. Sufficient heat will cause fuel and oxygen to form free radicals and initiate the self-sustained chemical reaction.  1, record 6, English, - chemical%20chain%20reaction

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La combustion vive est un exemple d'une réaction chimique en chaîne. Sous l'action d'une chaleur suffisante, le combustible et l'oxygène forment des radicaux libres et déclenchent la réaction chimique autogène.  1, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9action%20chimique%20en%20cha%C3%AEne

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Extract System ... To ensure efficiency of the fume cupboards and to create a safe, noise tolerant environment for the operator it is necessary to design a well constructed and fail-safe extraction system which incorporated quiet yet powerful fans ... The Clean Air fume extract systems are custom made in-house for each individual site.  2, record 7, English, - extract%20system

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The pagula ventilated ceiling system forms an important part of a total balanced mechanical ventilation system. It is particularly suitable for ventilating rooms with high steam and latent heat Generation, such as kitchens. The design of the pagula system ensures that draught free whole room ventilation is provided with efficient grease and moisture separation on the extract to keep the ceiling plenum and extract system clean. The pagula system is a complete integrated false ceiling providing air inlet grilles, air exhaust passages with grease and moisture separation, and a ventilated lighting system.  4, record 7, English, - extract%20system

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On distingue (...) deux sortes d'installations de ventilation (...) celle soufflant de l'air neuf dans les locaux (...) et celle aspirant l'air des locaux et dénommée "ventilation par dépression".  1, record 7, French, - installation%20de%20ventilation%20par%20d%C3%A9pression

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To subject containers to great heat which renders food free of viable forms of microorganism having public health significance.  2, record 8, English, - sterilize

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Traiter un récipient clos par stérilisation à la chaleur.  2, record 8, French, - appertiser

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Conserves appertisées.  1, record 8, French, - appertiser

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Consejos útiles para la conservación de alimentos. Cómo esterilizar. [...] De todas las causas que deterioran los alimentos, la más importante es la de origen microbiano [...]. Es imprescindible lograr una buena higiene para la conservación de alimentos envasados. El lavado de las botellas o frascos se realiza con detergente, empleando hisopos, escobillas u otros utensilios o materiales similares que aseguren una buena limpieza en el interior de los envases. [...] Una vez que los recipientes están bien limpios, se realiza la esterilización de los recipientes antes de envasar los alimentos. Este proceso se efectúa de una forma muy práctica y sencilla, ya que después de llenos los envases, las conservas se someterán de nuevo a tratamientos con calor ya sea la pasterización o la esterilización.  1, record 8, Spanish, - esterilizar

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Properties :(pure substance) White, hydrophobic powder free from grittiness; faint odor;... Use : Cosmetics, lacquers, ointments; dusting powder, lubricant, mold-release agent, filler, antifoamer, heat and light stabilizer, medicine(dermatitis), tablet manufacture, dietary supplement.  2, record 9, English, - zinc%20stearate

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Percentage of zinc may vary according to intended use, some products being more basic than others.  2, record 9, English, - zinc%20stearate

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Chemical formula: Zn(C₁₈H₃₅O₂)₂  3, record 9, English, - zinc%20stearate

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : Zn(C₁₈H₃₅O₂)₂  2, record 9, French, - st%C3%A9arate%20de%20zinc

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The condition obtained in a food which has been processed by the application of heat, alone or in combination with other treatments, to render the food free from viable forms of microorganisms, including spores, capable of growing in the food at temperatures at which the food is designed normally to be held during distribution and storage.  2, record 10, English, - commercially%20sterile%20food

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'augmentation beaucoup plus rapide de la température de la phase liquide par rapport à celle de phase solide constitue le principal avantage de cette technique. Cette caractéristique en fait une technologie intéressante pour la stérilisation rapide, à température élevée. En utilisant cette technologie, il a été possible d'élaborer des aliments commercialement stériles qui conservent une grande partie de leur saveur et de leur texture.  1, record 10, French, - aliments%20commercialement%20st%C3%A9riles

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source(s) : FAO [Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture]  3, record 10, French, - aliments%20commercialement%20st%C3%A9riles

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Alimentos] envasados en recipientes herméticamente cerrados, a los que se le aplica un tratamiento térmico o por el control de la actividad de agua suficiente para hacerlo libre de formas viables de microorganismos, tanto patógenos como no patógenos, que pudiesen multiplicarse bajo las condiciones normales no refrigeradas, de almacenamiento y distribución.  1, record 10, Spanish, - alimento%20comercialmente%20est%C3%A9ril

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gizzard erosion is a condition seen in broiler chickens caused by gizzerosine toxicity.  3, record 11, English, - gizzard%20erosion

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Gizzerosine is formed by a reaction between the 3 amino group of lysine with free histidine during the heating of fish meal. The amount of heat to which fish meal is exposed during the drying process is critical in the formation of gizzerosine.  3, record 11, English, - gizzard%20erosion

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

So far gizzerosine toxicity have only been described in chickens, possibly due to the high level of fish meal in the diets of this species ... The question of the influence of gizzerosine on horses and other species is however still unanswered.  3, record 11, English, - gizzard%20erosion

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une équipe japonaise vient de reproduire expérimentalement une forte érosion du gésier sur des poulets de chair de différents âges, en leur inoculant un Adénovirus aviaire de type I (souche 99ZH).  3, record 11, French, - %C3%A9rosion%20du%20g%C3%A9sier

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il a été signalé que la gizzérosine provoque l'érosion du gésier (EG) chez les poulets [...]  2, record 11, French, - %C3%A9rosion%20du%20g%C3%A9sier

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

érosion : lésion de la peau ou d'une muqueuse avec perte de substance très superficielle.  4, record 11, French, - %C3%A9rosion%20du%20g%C3%A9sier

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A steam engine in which the steam is condensed after having exerted its force on the piston.  3, record 12, English, - condensing%20steam%20engine

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

So what is the difference between a non-condensing and condensing engine? A "condensing" steam engine does not exhaust its piped steam. Instead the spent steam is piped into a devise whcih, like a car radiator, cools the steam turning it back in to liquid water(cooling and condensing the steam). That still very hot wtaer is pumped back into the boilers where it is reheated and reused. Since the returning water is still very hot it requires less heat to bring it back up to boiling temperature. A big savings in fuel and boiling water is free of mud and dirt like normal river water.  4, record 12, English, - condensing%20steam%20engine

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Whirly Vent Ventilation. The Whirly Vent ventilation system is effective all year round, removing hot and moisture-laden air from roof cavities and rooms and replacing summer heat and winter damp with fresh air. [Text accompanied by an illustration.]  4, record 13, English, - whirly

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Whirly Bird Vents. These vents have a rotating top section that assist the flow of warm air to disperse. [Text accompanied by an illustration].  3, record 13, English, - whirly

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Makes a dramatic difference to roof space temperatures. The in roof Fan changes air in the roof space between 50 and 70 times per hour, too fast for heat to build up much beyond the outside temperature. You would need 30 or more whirly type wind turbines and a strong breeze to achieve this rate of airflow.... Existing "whirly birds" can be incorporated as part of the exhaust system but have to be supplemented with additional vents as their free air area is far too small.  2, record 13, English, - whirly

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La compagnie [Ventilation Maximum] offre [...] des ventilateurs statiques pour remplacer les vieilles turbines de ventilation. Ces turbines sont souvent bruyantes ou bloquées, elles peuvent aussi causer des infiltrations de neige. Le ventilateur statique évitera ces problèmes et peut être installé directement sur l'ancienne ouverture prévue pour la turbine. L'étanchéité du toit ne sera donc pas touchée par ce remplacement.  2, record 13, French, - turbine%20de%20ventilation

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Turbine de ventilation de toit.  3, record 13, French, - turbine%20de%20ventilation

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convection caused by mechanical forces, such as those arising from air motion over a rough or sloping surface.  2, record 14, English, - forced%20convection

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Convection... is a principal means of energy transfer. Distinction is made between free convection(gravitational or buoyant convection), motion caused only by density differences within the fluid; and forced convection, motion induced by mechanical forces such as deflection by a large-scale surface irregularity, turbulent flow caused by friction at the boundary of a fluid, or motion caused by any applied pressure gradient. Free and forced convection are not necessarily exclusive processes. On a windy day with overcast sky, the heat exchange between ground and air is an example of forced convection. On a sunny day with a little wind where the ground temperature rises, both kinds of convection take place.  3, record 14, English, - forced%20convection

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convection d'une masse d'air causée par des forces mécaniques extérieures au système considéré.  2, record 14, French, - convection%20forc%C3%A9e

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convección producida por fuerzas mecánicas tales como las debidas al movimiento del aire sobre una superficie rugosa o una pendiente.  1, record 14, Spanish, - convecci%C3%B3n%20forzada

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convection caused by density differences within the air.  3, record 15, English, - free%20convection

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Free convection is the rising of heated air and the sinking of cooler air without the need of external forces.  4, record 15, English, - free%20convection

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Convection... is a principal means of energy transfer. Distinction is made between free convection(gravitational or buoyant convection), motion caused only by density differences within the fluid; and forced convection, motion induced by mechanical forces such as deflection by a large-scale surface irregularity, turbulent flow caused by friction at the boundary of a fluid, or motion caused by any applied pressure gradient. Free and forced convection are not necessarily exclusive processes. On a windy day with overcast sky, the heat exchange between ground and air is an example of forced convection. On a sunny day with a little wind where the ground temperature rises, both kinds of convection take place.  5, record 15, English, - free%20convection

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convection provoquée par des différences de densité de l'air.  1, record 15, French, - convection%20libre

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] convection naturelle [...] est causée par le réchauffement diurne de la surface terrestre, résultant souvent en la formation de nuages Cumulus.  2, record 15, French, - convection%20libre

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convección producida por diferencias de densidad dentro del aire.  1, record 15, Spanish, - convecci%C3%B3n%20libre

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Linking of an exogonic reaction and an endogonic reaction in such a way that there is only a small net change in free energy, resulting in an overall reversible reaction. In living organisms, anabolic reactions are coupled with catabolic reactions resulting in the build up of complex molecules, but with an overall loss of energy as metabolic heat.  2, record 16, English, - coupled%20reaction

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Coupling is brought about when an enzyme causes a substrate that is to be consumed ... to react with one of the cell’s small-molecule energy donors (say, ATP) to give rise to an energized activated substrate molecule. The subsequent decomposition of this activated substrate in the synthetic reaction will release significant energy, which will result in the synthetic reaction .... The need for cells to carry on simultaneously many different coupled reactions requires cells to devote a significant part of their total metabolic activity to the constant replenishment of their ATP supply. In animal cells and in most bacteria, the formation of ATP is coupled with the breakdown of food molecules that are even more rich in energy. In cells that carry out photosynthesis, the energy of sunlight is used directly to make ATP.  3, record 16, English, - coupled%20reaction

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les cellules vivantes doivent effectuer un certain nombre de réactions endergoniques; ce sont non seulement des réactions anaboliques [...], mais encore certaines réactions de transports, de transmissions, des travaux mécaniques, fonctionnement du système nerveux, réactions cataboliques, en particulier lorsque les substrats doivent être activés avant de pouvoir être dégradés. [...] L'énergie nécessaire est fournie par les réactions exergoniques grâce au couplage énergétique. Ce couplage énergétique est une des grandes caractéristiques des êtres vivants. D'une part, il implique que la réaction exergonique qui fournit l'énergie ait un [delta]G' négatif plus élevé en valeur absolue que le [delta]G' positif de la réaction endergonique qui lui est couplée. D'autre part, les deux réactions couplées doivent avoir un intermédiaire commun.  2, record 16, French, - r%C3%A9action%20coupl%C3%A9e

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The advantage of the foaming slag practice in the electric arc furnace steelmaking has become increasingly clear. As main feature, submerging the arc(s) in the slag can enhance the heat transfer between the arc(s) and the melt... The foaming can be difficult to control properly since the evolution of the chemical and physical conditions in the slag/steel system that affect foam height is generally unknown. Presently, the slag height and the foam formation is still estimated in most of the installations by subjective acoustic and visual means of the furnace operator, the operating practices being either rigidly pre-established or let to the free interpretation of furnace operators.  2, record 17, English, - slag%20foaming%20practice

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les installations alimentées par un four électrique à arc font appel à toutes les techniques permettant de réduire la consommation d'électricité (soufflage d'oxygène, injection de charbon et de chaux, pratique du laitier moussant, post-combustion, préchauffage des ferrailles, etc).  1, record 17, French, - pratique%20du%20laitier%20moussant

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Living organisms carry out various forms of work at the expense of free energy from the environment. They return to their surroundings an equal amount of heat and other forms of energy that become randomized and useless. Such dissipated energy is called entropy.  2, record 18, English, - entropy

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

As living beings, we represent complex, organized systems - an eddy in the random entropy of the universe.  3, record 18, English, - entropy

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les organismes vivants effectuent différentes formes de travail aux dépens d'énergie libre puisée dans leur environnement auquel ils renvoient une quantité égale de chaleur et d'autres formes d'énergie qui se dispersent de façon désordonnée et deviennent inutilisables. Cette énergie dissipée est appelée entropie.  2, record 18, French, - entropie

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Changing free water, or contained water as in foods, from solid to liquid phase by addition of heat.  3, record 19, English, - thawing

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

e.g. thawing of frozen foods before final use  4, record 19, English, - thawing

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action de fondre la glace contenue dans les produits.  3, record 19, French, - d%C3%A9cong%C3%A9lation

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Look for the packages that read, "TRY ME FREE! Mail-in Offer with purchase details inside. "Inside the package, I found a "Save 40 cents on 2" coupon for the Heat ’N Serve sausages, as well as the free-offer mail-in form.  1, record 20, English, - free%2Doffer%20mail%2Din

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer measures element concentrations in solution by spraying(nebulising) the solution into a long narrow hot flame. Light from a hollow cathode lamp, containing the element to be analysed, passes above the long and narrow burner to a monochromator. The monochromator isolates ground state radiation from the hollow cathode lamp. The solution is sprayed into the fuel and air premixing chamber feeding the flame. Free atoms are produced in the flame because of the heat and reducing conditions. If the atoms are the same as the element in the lamp, then light is absorbed. The degree of absorption depends on the amount of that element present in the original solution. The results are compared with standard solutions which allow concentrations to be determined. The technique can be highly precise and accurate.  2, record 21, English, - atomic%20absorption%20spectrometer

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An instrument used in the restoration of art works.  3, record 21, English, - atomic%20absorption%20spectrometer

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Spectromètre permettant d'effectuer une analyse chimique en vaporisant un échantillon, habituellement sous forme liquide, dans un flacon et en mesurant l'absorption par les atomes non excités dans la vapeur de différentes longueurs d'ondes résonantes étroites de la lumière, qui sont caractéristiques d'un élément donné. La quantité d'un élément présent est proportionnelle à la quantité d'absorption par la vapeur.  2, record 21, French, - spectrom%C3%A8tre%20d%27absorption%20atomique

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Interestingly, their roosting holes are smaller than their nesting holes, with less free space between the bird and the walls of the cavity, which may help reduce heat loss.  1, record 22, English, - roosting%20hole

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fait intéressant, les cavités de repos sont plus petites que les cavités de nidification.  1, record 22, French, - cavit%C3%A9%20de%20repos

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Heat transfer coefficients are shown as functions of downstream and transverse plate coordinates as determined experimentally for different blowing ratios near one and for levels of free stream turbulence from 1 percent to 17 percent of the free stream velocity. Heat transfer between the plate and the free stream is reduced by the film cooling at higher levels of free stream turbulence. Heat transfer is increased on the plate in the region between the film cooling jets at all levels of blowing ratio for one percent free stream turbulence. This undesirable augmentation of the heat transfer is modeled analytically and related to the axial vortices generated near the film cooling jet inlets. The strength of these vortices and the subsequent heat transfer increases are related to the blowing ration.  1, record 23, English, - film%20cooling

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Refroidissement d'une surface portée à très haute température (aube de turbine, tête de missile, etc.) par projection continue sur cette surface d'une couche mince de fluide réfrigérant.  1, record 23, French, - refroidissement%20par%20film%20fluide

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'emploi de ce terme est recommandé par le Ministère de la défense de la France.  3, record 23, French, - refroidissement%20par%20film%20fluide

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A fixed extinguishing system which generates a foam agent for total flooding of confined spaces, and for volumetric displacement of vapor, heat and smoke. Acts on the fire by : a. Preventing free movement of air [;] b. Reducing the oxygen concentration at the fire [;] c. Cooling.  1, record 24, English, - high%20expansion%20foam%20system

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

High expansion foam: Equipment and liquid foam concentrates variously designed to provide foams at expansion rates of 100 to 1 up to 1,000 to 1. Such foams have a rapid build-up and are used for flooding fire areas as well as for blanketing flammable liquids fires.  3, record 24, English, - high%20expansion%20foam%20system

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Système d'extinction à mousse : Système fixe d'extinction dont l'agent extincteur est de la mousse.  2, record 24, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20d%27extinction%20%C3%A0%20mousse%20%C3%A0%20haut%20foisonnement

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

La mousse à haut foisonnement est constituée de bulles de 1 cm de diamètre environ. Ces bulles sont produites mécaniquement par un courant d'air traversant un tamis métallique ou non, à mailles régulières, imprégnées d'un mélange d'eau et d'émulsifiant. Chaque maille du tamis encadre une pellicule de mélange émulsifiant qui sous l'effet du courant d'air se développe en bulles. On peut ainsi obtenir des foisonnements de l'ordre de 500 et même 800 c'est-à-dire qu'avec 1 volume d'eau on fait 500 à 800 volumes de mousse pour une concentration en émulseur de 1,5 à 2,2 % environ.  3, record 24, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20d%27extinction%20%C3%A0%20mousse%20%C3%A0%20haut%20foisonnement

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Both stress and temperature changes alter the dimensions of an object having a finite stiffness and a nonzero thermal expansion coefficient. Applying a stress then produces a temperature change; this can result in a heat flow which then changes the stress : these are thermoelastic effects, and result in losses of free energy.  1, record 25, English, - thermoelastic

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Qui devient extensible après une baisse de température.  1, record 25, French, - thermo%C3%A9lastique

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sterilization : the act or process of sterilizing; as(...) the rendering of a body or material free from living cells and especially microorganisms usually by killing those present(as by heat).  2, record 26, English, - soil%20sterilization

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Désinfection du sol par injection de vapeur ou d'un produit toxique polyvalent. (On y recourt lorsqu'on ne dispose pas d'un produit capable de détruire spécifiquement le parasite dont l'élimination est désirée. Tous les êtres vivants sont alors détruits mais la flore microbienne utile se réimplante rapidement).  2, record 26, French, - st%C3%A9rilisation%20du%20sol

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La désinfection du sol consiste à détruire des organismes susceptibles de parasiter une culture. Il peut s'agir d'animaux (insectes, nématodes) ou de végétaux (cryptogames, graines d'adventices). Pour obtenir une désinfection totale, on peut utiliser la vapeur d'eau ou certains produits chimiques à action polyvalente. Son coût, très élevé, la fait réserver à l'horticulture.  2, record 26, French, - st%C3%A9rilisation%20du%20sol

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rapid condensation of steam is characteristic of steam unit heaters, especially during heating-up periods. The return piping must be planned to keep the heating coil free of condensate during periods of maximum heat output, and the steam piping must be able to carry a full supply of steam to the unit to take the place of that condensed.  1, record 27, English, - return%20piping

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Comptage volumétrique et thermostatique: il est effectué par enregistrement des indications fournies, d'une part, sur le débit du fluide chauffant au moyen d'une turbine à eau et, d'autre part, sur la différence des températures entre canalisations d'aller et de retour au moyen d'un ensemble thermostatique composé d'une sonde "chaude" (sur la tuyauterie aller) et d'une sonde "froide" (sur la tuyauterie retour).  1, record 27, French, - tuyauterie%20de%20retour

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[Installations à vapeur basse pression] Le diamètre minimal couramment admis pour les tuyauteries de retour est 3/8 (12 x 17).  1, record 27, French, - tuyauterie%20de%20retour

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Oil furnaces. Indoor oil furnaces... are available in upflow, downflow, horizontal and low-boy configurations for ducted systems. They are also available as floor furnaces, wall furnaces, and free standing space heaters. Oil-fired outdoor furnaces and combination units are rare.... The ducted system, oil-fired, forced air furnaces are usually equipped with pressure-atomizing burners. The pump pressure and the orifice size of the injection nozzle regulate the firing rate of the furnace. Electric ignition is used to ignite the burners.... The combustion chamber and heat exchanger of oil-fired furnaces are normally formed as a common single chamber. It is formed from heavy gage steel into a welded assembly. The hot flue products flow through the inside of the heat exchanger into the chimney. The conditioned air flows over the outside of the heat exchanger and into the air supply plenum.  1, record 28, English, - oil%20furnace

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Maison de fin de semaine (...) On peut prévoir aussi le chauffage par air chaud avec générateur à mazout ou à gaz et distributions par gaines.  4, record 28, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20%C3%A0%20mazout

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fournaise : Ce terme est considéré comme impropre par les puristes. Selon Dagenais, dans son "Dictionnaire des difficultés de la langue française au Canada", "fournaise" serait un calque de l'anglais "furnace" et nous devrions plutôt dire "chaudière" lorsque le fluide caloporteur est l'eau ou la vapeur et "générateur d'air chaud", lorsque le fluide, est l'air. Cependant, ce terme reste d'usage fréquent au Québec, autant en langue parlée qu'en langue écrite.  5, record 28, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20%C3%A0%20mazout

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The freeze prevention system maintains the air-conditioning system in a freeze free operating condition in cold weather with extremely high humidity on the ground. The system is located in the aft accessory compartment and consists of a temperature control(modulating and shut-off) valve, temperature control thermostat, mufflers, and ducts. The ground operated APU is used with the left-hand pack to provide the warm air required to raise the temperature of the heat exchanger cooling air.  2, record 29, English, - freeze%20prevention%20system

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

in water separator.  3, record 29, English, - freeze%20prevention%20system

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

système antigivrage : terme accepté par le Comité d'étude de la terminologie des cartes de travail du DC-9.  2, record 29, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20antigivrage

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To maintain a constant temperature, heat must be added to the dwelling at the same rate as the rate of heat loss. The total heat loss from a building does not, however, represent the actual load on the building's heating system. Some heat is replaced from other sources : solar radiation, the occupants themselves, electrical appliances, and hot water consumed in the dwelling. This is sometimes called the "free heat".  1, record 30, English, - free%20heat

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vented wall furnaces : Similar in design, efficiency and application to free standing space heaters, these appliances draw combustion air in, and discharge combustion gases out of a vent to the outside of the building. They can include an air circulating fan to promote heat distribution. The heating unit is permanently mounted on an outside wall and includes automatic controls.  1, record 31, English, - vented%20wall%20furnace

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish