TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A Unique Freeze Dryer Shelf and Condenser Chilling System. Most lyophilizers(freeze dryers) are designed with a single refrigeration system, which is required to switch from product chilling to condenser cooling in the lyophilization phase. If the shelf heating cycle should demand both cooling and heating to maintain a given temperature set point during the drying phase(as is the case with long and slow shelf temperature rises), the refrigeration system must operate in the dual role of cooling both the shelves and the condenser in order to maintain operational vacuum. If the sublimation rate from the product is high, this can often result in the refrigeration systems inability to meet both requirements. Most manufacturers attempt to compensate for these conditions by oversizing the compressor, which can lead to overloading in the terminal phase, resulting in reducing compressor life and reliability.  1, record 1, English, - sublimation%20rate

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En lyophilisation, rapport de la masse de matière sublimée à la masse de matière sublimable.  1, record 1, French, - taux%20de%20sublimation

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme immobilization method is based on the formation of covalent bonds between enzyme molecules, by means of bi- or multi-functional reagents, leading to three-dimensional crosslinked aggregates which are completely insoluble in water but which do not require the use of water insoluble carriers. This method involves the addition of the appropriate amount of crosslinking agent to an enzyme solution under conditions which give rise to the formation of multiple covalent bonds.  2, record 2, English, - crosslinking

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Biologically active substances such as enzymes are immobilized in the pores of a porous support material by introducing a solution of the biologically active substance into the pores of the support material, treating the active substance in the pores to temporarily retain the active substance in the pores and immobilizing the active substance in the pores by crosslinking. Temporary retention of the active substance in the pores may be carried out by precipitation with a precipitating agent or by freeze drying.  3, record 2, English, - crosslinking

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Optimum conditions for obtaining maximum insolubility whilst retaining high enzymic activity must unfortunately be determined for each system by trial and error until sufficient is known about the enzyme’s primary, secondary, and tertiary structures to allow prediction of the best conditions which will exhibit minimal distortion of the enzyme upon its reaction to give a crosslinked immobilized enzyme.  1, record 2, English, - crosslinking

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé d'immobilisation chimique d'une enzyme en l'absence de support par la mise en jeu de liaisons intermoléculaires de type covalent entre l'enzyme et un agent bi ou multifonctionnel.  1, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les techniques d'immobilisation ou de confinement d'enzymes ou autre matériel biologique se sont largement développées ces dernières années. Parmi les méthodes utilisées pour la réalisation d'électrodes à enzymes, la fixation covalente sur des supports insolubles préalablement activés, la réticulation, l'inclusion dans un gel ainsi que le confinement d'enzymes en solution sont les plus employées.  2, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La technique de réticulation entre enzymes et protéines inactives donne souvent des complexes de haute activité et de grande résistance à la dégradation protéolytique que l'on explique par des phénomènes d'encombrement stérique.  3, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9ticulation

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

On parle de Coréticulation dans le cas d'immobilisation chimique simultanée d'une enzyme et d'un support de nature protéique par un agent bifonctionnel.  1, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9ticulation

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

You can store a freeze-dried meal for years and years, and then, when your’re finally ready to eat it, you can completely revitalize it with a little hot water. Even after all those years, the taste and texture will be pretty much the same.  1, record 3, English, - freeze%2Ddried%20meal

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

freeze drying : A preservation technique in which a food... is frozen and placed in a vacuum; the ice is vaporized and trapped, leaving a dried product...  2, record 3, English, - freeze%2Ddried%20meal

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Produits lyophilisés vendus en sachet.  2, record 3, French, - repas%20lyophilis%C3%A9

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The freeze-drying where the steam is trapped by adsorption on zeolite instead of condensing on a cold trap(at minus 45ºC for instance) as is the case for standard freeze-drying.  2, record 4, English, - zeodration

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Zeolite is a kind of water-hungry crystallised clay. It can adsorb up to thirty percent of its own weight. Like freeze drying, zeodration is a drying technology that produces high quality end products that can be instantaneously re-hydrated.  2, record 4, English, - zeodration

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de déshydratation à froid, qui améliore la qualité des produits, divise par 10 la consommation énergétique et réduit de 30 % le coût des installations industrielles.  2, record 4, French, - z%C3%A9odratation

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le principe consiste à évaporer l'eau froide à froid, donc sous vide. On contrôle l'évaporation pour éviter d'atteindre des températures négatives. Les structures du produit sont donc conservées et les arômes véhiculés par la vapeur d'eau sont piégés par des billes de zéolithe et réinjectés dans l'enceinte de vaporisation.  2, record 4, French, - z%C3%A9odratation

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cryodesiccation of emulsions. Influence of interparticulate space on mass transfer. II: Study on a ball model. (In S.T.P. pharma, 1989, 5 (4) 257-261, cited in PASCAL data base.)  1, record 5, English, - cryodesiccation

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Freeze drying : development of the process and the equipments.(In Chimie magazine, 1984(21) 44-47, cited in PASCAL data bank.)  1, record 5, English, - cryodesiccation

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La cryodessiccation : évolution du procédé et des appareils. (Relevé dans Chimie magazine, 1984 (21) 44-47, cité dans la base de données PASCAL.)  2, record 5, French, - cryodessiccation

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Process of removing the soil water from a sample.  1, record 6, English, - drying

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In soil analysis usually four kinds of drying may be applied : air drying; oven drying; chemical drying; freeze drying.  1, record 6, English, - drying

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Term and definition standardized by ISO.  2, record 6, English, - drying

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé consistant à éliminer d'un échantillon, l'eau présente dans le sol.  1, record 6, French, - s%C3%A9chage

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Quatre types de séchage peuvent généralement s'appliquer en analyse du sol : séchage à l'air; séchage en étuve; séchage chimique; lyophilisation.  1, record 6, French, - s%C3%A9chage

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Terme et définition normalisés par ISO.  2, record 6, French, - s%C3%A9chage

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Preparation of micro-organisms produced by freeze drying.  1, record 7, English, - lyophilized%20culture

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The desiccated cultures are sealed under vacuum in glass ampoules and stored at about 4°C. The tube may subsequently be opened and the organisms recultured.  1, record 7, English, - lyophilized%20culture

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans la préparation de l'inoculum, la capacité de production de la souche doit être préservée et tout risque de contamination doit être éliminé. Pour cela, il faut éviter un trop grand nombre de cultures successives. Il est préférable d'ensemencer un flacon de milieu gélosé directement à partir de la souche lyophilisée puis, à partir de cette culture, d'ensemencer un seul fermenteur qui servira lui-même d'inoculum pour le fermenteur industriel.  1, record 7, French, - culture%20lyophilis%C3%A9e

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

freeze drying : A method of drying materials, such as certain foods, that would be destroyed by the loss of volatile ingredients or by drying temperatures above the freezing point; the material is frozen under high vacuum so that ice or other frozen solvent will quickly sublime and a porous solid remain.  3, record 8, English, - freeze%20drier

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Equipement pour effectuer la lyophilisation.  1, record 8, French, - lyophilisateur

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

lyophilisation : Procédé de déshydratation d'une substance par congélation suivie de sublimation de la glace formée.  1, record 8, French, - lyophilisateur

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The methods used in the recovery of industrial enzymes. In enzyme production by fermentation, the output of product is often low. It is necessary therefore to concentrate and partially purify the product. The overall process consists of enzyme extraction, followed by concentration and drying. Techniques used in concentration include ultrafiltration, precipitation, adsorption techniques using ion exchangers, affinity columns, etc. or the use of gel filtration.  1, record 9, English, - enzyme%20recovery

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Commercial enzyme preparations are available in solid or liquid form. Solid preparations are obtained by spray drying or freeze drying, or granulation in the presence of maltodextrin as a carrier. Liquid preparations may be stabilized by addition of divalent cations, buffers, inhibitors. A few commercial enzymes are supplied in an immobilized form.  1, record 9, English, - enzyme%20recovery

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les réacteurs enzymatiques (...) ont, en principe, pour fonction la production, en continu, de produits de conversion de substrat. Dans un premier type de réacteur, les enzymes insolubilisées, attachées à des particules, sont brassées dans le substrat. Cette technologie primitive, utilisée dans les industries agro-alimentaires, est simplement dérivée de celles utilisées pour les enzymes solubles. La récupération de l'enzyme insoluble reste délicate et s'opère au prix de grandes pertes. (...) Les autres types de réacteurs reposent sur le passage lent du substrat, à une vitesse déterminée par l'expérience, au travers d'une colonne d'enzyme immobilisée.  1, record 9, French, - r%C3%A9cup%C3%A9ration%20de%20l%27enzyme

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A number of processes hitherto reserved for the concentration of industrial waste liquids or suspensions may be mentioned : multiple-effect evaporation, evaporation by expansion or negative pressure, evaporation by thermo-compression, lyophilization freeze drying.  1, record 10, English, - thermo%2Dcompression

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On peut citer [des] procédés de séchage réservés jusqu'à présent à la concentration des liquides ou suspensions provenant de fabrication industrielle: évaporation à multiples effets, évaporation par détente ou par dépression, évaporation par thermo-compression, lyophilisation.  1, record 10, French, - thermo%2Dcompression

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

With the variety of drying techniques now available : spray, tower, freeze, foam,(...)  1, record 11, English, - drying%20tower

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renseignement: M. Roger Giroux de la Coopérative agricole de Granby.  1, record 11, French, - tour%20de%20d%C3%A9shydratation

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish