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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Maple flakes... are made by freeze-drying(dehydrating) maple syrup.  1, record 1, English, - maple%20flake

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les flocons d'érable s'obtiennent en lyophilisant le sirop d'érable, c'est-à-dire en le déshydratant.  2, record 1, French, - flocon%20d%27%C3%A9rable

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Promession involves exposure to LIN(liquid nitrogen), a short mechanical vibration, turning the remains to a powder, thereafter freeze-drying and metal separation. It all takes place in a closed, fully automatized equipment... The remains are, after this preparation, placed in a specially designed biodegradable casket, which is then buried in the top soil.  3, record 2, English, - promession

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... promession is a greener alternative to cremation. ... Promession does not burn the body, but rather freeze-dries it.  4, record 2, English, - promession

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La promession [...] est un procédé [...] qui consiste à plonger le corps d'une personne morte dans de l'azote liquide. Le corps refroidi à -196 °C, devenu friable, est placé sur une table vibrante pour provoquer sa destruction en particules fines. Un aimant puissant recueille alors les résidus métalliques [...] qui peuvent être ainsi recyclés. La poudre obtenue est placée dans une urne biodégradable qui peut être incinérée ou enterrée.  3, record 2, French, - promession

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] la promession est une alternative écologique à la crémation.  4, record 2, French, - promession

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Una] alternativa a la sepultura o a la cremación es la promesión [que] consiste en introducir el cadáver en nitrógeno líquido y hacerlo vibrar hasta que el cuerpo se fragmente. Luego los restos pasan por filtros para retirar los metales del cuerpo.  1, record 2, Spanish, - promesi%C3%B3n

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

accelerated freeze-drying; AFD : term and abbreviation extracted from the “Glossaire de l'agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  2, record 3, English, - accelerated%20freeze%2Ddrying

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

lyophilisation rapide : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  2, record 3, French, - lyophilisation%20rapide

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Freeze-dried product : Simulate the entire normal process(i. e. preparation of bulk solution, filling of solution, loading of freeze-dryer, running of freeze-drying cycle, sealing/closing of containers, inspection) but using a liquid growth medium(dispensed as a powder, dissolved and sterilized) in place of normal product.  1, record 4, English, - freeze%2Ddried%20product

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Produits lyophilisés : Simuler tout le processus normal (c.-à-d. préparation de la solution principale, répartition de la solution, chargement du lyophilisateur, exécution du cycle de lyophilisation, scellement ou fermeture des contenants, inspection) mais en utilisant un milieu de croissance liquide (milieu en poudre dissout puis stérilisé) au lieu du produit habituel.  1, record 4, French, - produit%20lyophilis%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Most of the material was conserved with polyethylene glycol(PEG) to replace the water and bulk out the weakened cellular structure, thus preventing the wood and leather cellular structures from shrinking and collapsing during vacuum freeze-drying.  1, record 5, English, - vacuum%20freeze%2Ddrying

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La majeure partie du matériel a été conservée à l'aide de polyéthylène glycol (PEG) pour remplacer l'eau et imprégner la structure cellulaire fragilisée, évitant ainsi que les structures cellulaires du bois et du cuir ne rétrécissent ou ne s'effondrent durant le procédé de lyophilisation.  1, record 5, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20de%20lyophilisation

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In freeze-drying, that part of the water contained in the product that may be extracted without spoiling the quality of the product.  1, record 6, English, - releasable%20water

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Volume d'eau pouvant être extrait d'un produit lyophilisable sans altération du produit.  2, record 6, French, - eau%20lib%C3%A9rable

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In lyophilization(freeze-drying), the ratio of the mass of the lyophilizated matter to the mass of the initial matter.  2, record 7, English, - desiccation%20ratio

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

desiccation: any process for evaporating water or removing water vapor from a material.  3, record 7, English, - desiccation%20ratio

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rapport de la masse de matière lyophilisée à la masse de la matière originelle.  1, record 7, French, - taux%20de%20dessiccation

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dessiccation : Action de dessécher, ou de se dessécher; élimination de l'eau contenue dans un corps, un matériau ou un ouvrage.  2, record 7, French, - taux%20de%20dessiccation

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A freeze-drying process that spray freezes the liquid product prior to sublimation of the ice.  1, record 8, English, - spray%20freeze%20drying

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de dessiccation à froid où le produit est congelé sous forme de gouttelettes avant la sublimation.  2, record 8, French, - lyophilisation%20par%20pulv%C3%A9risation

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A non-continuous freeze-drying process(lyophilization), the vacuum of the drying chamber being broken after each operation.  2, record 9, English, - batch%20freeze%2Ddrying

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus de lyophilisation effectué par étapes successives et nécessitant la rupture du vide dans la chambre de dessiccation après chaque opération.  1, record 9, French, - lyophilisation%20discontinue

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On désigne sous le nom de lyophilisation l'opération qui consiste à sublimer le solvant d'un matériel industriel ou d'une suspension de microbes, en vue d'assurer sa conservation à l'état de dessiccation parfaite [...] L'opération est discontinue et sa durée, ainsi que les dimensions des appareils, varient suivant le matériau à dessécher.  2, record 9, French, - lyophilisation%20discontinue

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Said of a substance or material which has been submitted to lyophilization.  3, record 10, English, - freeze%2Ddried

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

freeze-drying(lyophilization) : Dehydration of a substance by freezing, and subsequent sublimation of ice.  4, record 10, English, - freeze%2Ddried

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui a été déshydraté par un processus de lyophilisation ou cryodessiccation.  3, record 10, French, - lyophilis%C3%A9

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Alimento, café, queso liofilizado.  2, record 10, Spanish, - liofilizado

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In freeze-drying, the ratio of the mass of dry matter to the mass of frozen substance.  1, record 11, English, - dryness%20ratio

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En cryodessiccation, rapport de la masse de matière sèche à la masse de matière lyophilisée.  1, record 11, French, - taux%20de%20siccit%C3%A9

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

siccité : État caractère, qualité de ce qui est sec. Résultat d'un dessiccation, d'une déshydratation.  2, record 11, French, - taux%20de%20siccit%C3%A9

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Enzymes in solution may be concentrated by a variety of means.... Ultrafiltration has been used for almost two decades to effect concentration and buffer exchange. Its increasing power as a purification step is the result of the development of more selective anisotropic membranes.... Salting out of proteins has been employed for many years and has fulfilled the dual purpose of both purification and concentration of specified proteins.... Although, in certain instances, freeze-drying may be employed for the concentration of proteins, its use is limited by the fact that unless the salt concentration in solutions is sufficiently reduced, eutectic mixtures may be formed... In view of the other methods of concentration which are now available for protein solutions, freeze-drying may best be reserved for the preparation of materials for storage or transportation.  2, record 12, English, - concentration

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

See "concentration".  2, record 12, English, - concentration

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action d'augmenter la proportion d'une substance dans une solution, notamment par évaporation du solvant.  1, record 12, French, - concentration

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Après la culture industrielle des cellules eucaryiotes ou la culture de virus, la substance élaborée doit être purifiée. Des procédés de filtration, ultrafiltration ou précipitation sont utilisés pour la concentration, et la chromatographie, sous toutes ses formes, seule ou combinée à la centrifugation zonale en gradients pour la purification. Ces méthodes permettent généralement d'arriver à des substances très pures.  2, record 12, French, - concentration

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir «concentration».  3, record 12, French, - concentration

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Instant teas are produced from black tea by extracting the liquor from processed leaves, tea wastes, or undried fermented leaves, concentrating the extract under low pressure, and drying the concentrate to a powder by freeze-drying, spray-drying, or vacuum-drying.  3, record 13, English, - instant%20tea

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Contrairement à ce que l'on pourrait penser, le thé soluble (instant tea) donnant l'infusion par une simple dissolution dans l'eau chaude ou froide, n'est pas une invention récente.  3, record 13, French, - th%C3%A9%20soluble

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The [freeze-drying] process is used for drying and preserving a number of food products, including meats, vegetables, fruits, and instant coffee products.  1, record 14, English, - freeze%2Ddried%20meat

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The freeze-drying where the steam is trapped by adsorption on zeolite instead of condensing on a cold trap(at minus 45ºC for instance) as is the case for standard freeze-drying.  2, record 15, English, - zeodration

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Zeolite is a kind of water-hungry crystallised clay. It can adsorb up to thirty percent of its own weight. Like freeze drying, zeodration is a drying technology that produces high quality end products that can be instantaneously re-hydrated.  2, record 15, English, - zeodration

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de déshydratation à froid, qui améliore la qualité des produits, divise par 10 la consommation énergétique et réduit de 30 % le coût des installations industrielles.  2, record 15, French, - z%C3%A9odratation

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le principe consiste à évaporer l'eau froide à froid, donc sous vide. On contrôle l'évaporation pour éviter d'atteindre des températures négatives. Les structures du produit sont donc conservées et les arômes véhiculés par la vapeur d'eau sont piégés par des billes de zéolithe et réinjectés dans l'enceinte de vaporisation.  2, record 15, French, - z%C3%A9odratation

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

All the heavy metal azides ... and most if not all of the light metal azides ... are explosive.  2, record 16, English, - heavy%20metal%20azide

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Freeze-drying of sodium azide preserved solutions has led to problems arising from volatilization of traces of hydrazoic acid from non-neutral solutions, condensation in metal lines, traps or filters and formation of heavy metal azides in contact with lead, copper or zinc. The effluent from automatic blood analyzers(0. 01-0. 1% NaN₃) may lead, over several months, to formation of explosive heavy metal azides in brass, copper or lead plumbing lines, especially if acids are also present. Explosions have been reported in water baths used with azide preservatives.  3, record 16, English, - heavy%20metal%20azide

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les azotures des métaux lourds, tels que le plomb, le mercure, l'argent sont des explosifs sensibles au choc et à la chaleur.  3, record 16, French, - azoture%20de%20m%C3%A9tal%20lourd

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

secondary drying. In freeze-drying, the removal of most of the solvent retained in the product after primary drying.  1, record 17, English, - primary%20drying

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La lyophilisation comprendra trois phases : la congélation, la dessiccation dite primaire ou sublimation, la dessiccation secondaire. [...] À la fin de la sublimation, toute la glace a disparu mais l'humidité résiduelle est comprise entre 1 et 5 %. Pour la plupart des produits biologiques, par exemple, une humidité résiduelle inférieure est souhaitable. Au cours de la dessiccation secondaire, la température de produit est donc portée à une température supérieure à 0 °C (la limite supérieure étant celle de la dénaturation du produit) jusqu'à ce que le taux de siccité optimal soit obtenu.  1, record 17, French, - dessiccation%20primaire

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In freeze-drying, the removal of most of the solvent retained in the product after primary drying.  1, record 18, English, - secondary%20drying

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La lyophilisation comprendra trois phases : la congélation, la dessiccation dite primaire ou sublimation, la dessiccation secondaire. [...] À la fin de la sublimation, toute la glace a disparu mais l'humidité résiduelle est comprise entre 1 et 5 %. Pour la plupart des produits biologiques, par exemple, une humidité résiduelle inférieure est souhaitable. Au cours de la dessiccation secondaire, la température de produit est donc portée à une température supérieure à 0 °C (la limite supérieure étant celle de la dénaturation du produit) jusqu'à ce que le taux de siccité optimal soit obtenu.  1, record 18, French, - dessiccation%20secondaire

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Concentrate is puffed to 20 times original volume by vacuum drying(29-in. vacuum and temper. up to 300 °F.)-cheaper than freeze-drying. The sponge-like structure can be obtained only by drying from a liquid film and cannot be produced by lyophilization or freeze-drying, a more costly drying procedure. The extremely low pressures necessary for freeze-drying are not required for this type of liquid-film or "puff" drying. In producing such heat-sensitive products as orange powder, using a liquid film of approximately 1/8 in. thickness, the drying cycle is 1 hr.  1, record 19, English, - puffed%20powder

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In freeze-drying, the ratio of the mass of extracted solvent to the mass of the initial product.  1, record 20, English, - extraction%20ratio

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En lyophilisation, rapport de la masse de lyophilisat à la masse du produit originel.  1, record 20, French, - taux%20d%27extraction

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish