TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A freeze-thaw cycle refers to an event of alternating temperatures above and below the freezing point. The number of times the temperature crosses the freezing point is the number of cycles for that period.  3, record 1, English, - freeze%2Dthaw%20cycle

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Un cycle gel-dégel désigne un événement d'alternance de températures au-dessus et en dessous du point de congélation. Le nombre de fois où la température franchit le point de congélation correspond au nombre de cycles pour cette période.  4, record 1, French, - cycle%20gel%2Dd%C3%A9gel

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The drying-shrinkage of concrete made with recycled concrete is greater by 10 to 30% compared to the control concrete. Shrinkage values depend on the total surface area; in the recycled aggregate the surface area is expected to be high because of the presence of cement paste. The freeze-thaw durability of concrete containing recycled concrete aggregate is similar to that of the control containing normal aggregates.  5, record 2, English, - reference%2Dconcrete

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

It should be noted that the control concrete ... is representative of concretes currently in use in structures and that it is thus interesting to put it in competition with a B 60 ...  6, record 2, English, - reference%2Dconcrete

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The strength of recycling-concrete was 25% higher compared with strength of standard-concrete with the same cement content. The measured dynamic elastic modulus of recycling-concrete was 6% - 26% lower compared with the results of the reference-concrete.  1, record 2, English, - reference%2Dconcrete

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le retrait au séchage du béton constitué de béton récupéré est supérieur de 10 à 30 % à celui du béton de référence. L'importance du retrait est fonction de la superficie totale; dans le cas des granulats recyclés, on s'attend à ce que la superficie soit plus élevée à cause de la présence de pâte de ciment. La tenue au gel et au dégel du béton contenant des granulats de béton récupéré est semblable à celle d'une éprouvette de béton de référence contenant des granules ordinaires.  3, record 2, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20t%C3%A9moin

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Notons que le béton témoin est représentatif des bétons couramment utilisés en élévation dans les ouvrages d'art, et qu'il est donc intéressant de le mettre en compétition avec un b 60 [...]  4, record 2, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20t%C3%A9moin

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par comparaison avec des bétons témoins de composition traditionnelle, on a constaté [...] qu'on pouvait remplacer, sans inconvénient [...] les sables courants par un sable reconstitué.  5, record 2, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20t%C3%A9moin

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

témoin : Échantillon ou pièce quelconque servant de référence de fabrication, de coloris, de texture, etc.  6, record 2, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20t%C3%A9moin

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Béton adjuvanté.  4, record 2, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20t%C3%A9moin

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Les bétons se carbonatent.  4, record 2, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20t%C3%A9moin

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pavement composed of frost-resistant materials, thick enough to prevent any reduction in bearing capacity during freeze-thaw cycles in a given winter season.  1, record 3, English, - frost%2Dresistant%20pavement

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

frost-resistant pavement: term and definition proposed by the World Road Association.  2, record 3, English, - frost%2Dresistant%20pavement

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chaussée constituée de matériaux peu sensibles au gel et d'épaisseur suffisante pour éviter des variations de portance du sol de fondation sous l'effet du gel/dégel lors d'un hiver de référence.  1, record 3, French, - chauss%C3%A9e%20hors%20gel

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chaussée hors gel : terme et définition proposés par l'Association mondiale de la route.  2, record 3, French, - chauss%C3%A9e%20hors%20gel

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cedar shakes are the ideal roofing material for many areas of the Western United States. A wood roof keeps your house warmer in the winter and cooler in the summer. A Meeker shake roof can endure 130 mph winds. In the winter, a Meeker cedar roof will effectively shed snow and ice. Cedar shakes are resistive to thermal shock associated with freeze-thaw conditions. Where fire is a hazard, Meeker cedar shakes optionally treated with FTX are fire retardant for life.  3, record 4, English, - wood%20roof

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

wood roof: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  4, record 4, English, - wood%20roof

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

pont couvert : Pont dont la structure surmontant le tablier est faite de poutres de bois, parfois de tiges métalliques, doté de parois et d'un toit en bois qui protègent la chaussée.  3, record 4, French, - toit%20en%20bois

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Des habitants ont escaladé le toit en bois de la cathédrale pour éteindre les flammes.  4, record 4, French, - toit%20en%20bois

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

toit en bois : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  5, record 4, French, - toit%20en%20bois

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

My research will develop part of a systematic protocol for sampling, field evaluation, laboratory evaluation, and treatment of materials-related distress(MRD) in PCC pavements. Examples of MRD include freeze-thaw deterioration(F-T), D-cracking, alkali-aggregate reaction(AAR), alkali-silica reaction(ASR), alkali-carbonate reaction(ACR), internal sulfate attack, external sulfate attack, secondary ettringite formation(SEF), delayed ettringite formation(DEF), and chloride attack which may lead to deterioration of reinforcing steel, scaling, or spalling.  1, record 5, English, - secondary%20ettringite

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ettringite: A mineral, high-sulfate calcium sulfoaluminate (3CaO.Al₂O₃.3CaSO₄.32H₂O) also written as Ca6[Al(OH)₆2.24H₂O[(SO₄)3.(1-½)H₂O occurring in nature or formed by sulfate attack on mortar and concrete; the product of the principal expansion-producing reaction in expansive cements; designated as "cement bacillus" in older literature. Compressible material used to fill a joint to prevent the infiltration of debris and to provide support for sealants.  5, record 5, English, - secondary%20ettringite

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Many authors use "ettringite" alone to designate secondary ettringite, but it is a generic term.  6, record 5, English, - secondary%20ettringite

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

sel de Candlot : Sulfo-aluminate de calcium expansif Al₂O₃.3CaO.3CaSO₄.nH₂O provenant de la désintégration des mortiers par les eaux séléniteuses provoquée par la réaction produite entre l'aluminate de calcium hydrate contenu dans les ciments portlands et les eaux agressives rencontrées dans les sols ou en mer.  3, record 5, French, - sel%20de%20Candlot

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formé en trop grande quantité, il [le sel de Candlot] peut entraîner la destruction des bétons exposés à ses attaques.  2, record 5, French, - sel%20de%20Candlot

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cumulative upward displacement of objects embedded in the ground, caused by frost action.  4, record 6, English, - frost%20jacking

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Frost jacking results from basal or vertical freezing pressures acting on the underside of a foundation, structure or object, or from adfreezing of soil to the sides of these objects. The cumulative upward movement over a period of time(one or several freeze-thaw cycles) may result in the foundation unit or object being ejected from the ground.  5, record 6, English, - frost%20jacking

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Frost-jacking - When heaving occurs ..., if a structure imbedded in the ground is not properly anchored to resist such movement, the structure will be forced upward along with the ground surface. In most cases, the structure does not return to its original position when the active layer thaws during the following summer. The net upward movement is called "jacking." This phenomenon can occur whenever there is seasonal freezing and thawing of the active layer, and is not limited to permafrost areas.  2, record 6, English, - frost%20jacking

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Fence posts and utility poles or towers are commonly affected, and both deep (pile) and shallow (post) foundations (e.g., used for bridges, wharves, unheated or lightweight buildings) have been seriously affected by frost jacking.  5, record 6, English, - frost%20jacking

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

upfreezing: Synonym: (not recommended).  5, record 6, English, - frost%20jacking

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

éjection gélivale (frost jacking) : Le substantif éjection suppose un mouvement rapide, une expulsion, une projection, ce qui n'est pas le cas.  2, record 6, French, - %C3%A9jection%20g%C3%A9livale

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Polymer concrete(PC), or resin concrete, consists of a polymer binder which may be a thermoplastic but more frequently is a thermosetting polymer, and a mineral filler such as aggregate, gravel and crushed stone. PC has higher strength, greater resistance to chemicals and corrosive agents, lower water absorption and higher freeze-thaw stability than conventional Portland cement concrete.  1, record 7, English, - polymer%20concrete

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Béton dont les propriétés sont modifiées par l'addition de résines.  3, record 7, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20de%20polym%C3%A8re

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les bétons de résines ou bétons de polymères sont des matériaux qui diffèrent des bétons hydrauliques traditionnels par la nature du liant utilisé qui est, dans ce cas, une résine synthétique (liant polymérique) au lieu du ciment ou en plus du ciment (béton de résines).  1, record 7, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20de%20polym%C3%A8re

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le béton de résine est constitué d'un liant de polymère, parfois thermoplastique mais généralement thermodurcissable, et d'une charge minérale comme le gravier ou la pierre concassée. Comparativement au béton de ciment Portland, le béton de résine possède une plus grande résistance mécanique, résiste mieux aux produits chimiques et aux agents corrosifs, absorbe moins l'eau et présente une plus grande stabilité aux cycles gel-dégel.  4, record 7, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20de%20polym%C3%A8re

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Slow movement of the surface due to freeze-thaw or wetting-drying cycles.  2, record 8, English, - creep

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Creep is caused by repeated freeze-thaw cycles that slowly inch material downslope(during freezing, particles are elevated perpendicular to the slope, but during thaws they fall straight down to a new position lower on the slope). Creep can also be caused by a buildup of pore water that allows material to begin to flow under the influence of gravity.  3, record 8, English, - creep

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Most creep occurs because of freeze-thaw.  4, record 8, English, - creep

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fluage : Déplacement de la matière par glissement tel un fluide visqueux.  2, record 8, French, - fluage%20au%20d%C3%A9gel

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Concrete paving technology... Possible causes of cracking : Fatigue, joint spacing too long, shallow or late joint sawing, base or edge restraint, loss of support, freeze-thaw and moisture related settlement/heave, dowel-bar lock-up, curling and warping.  1, record 9, English, - dowel%2Dbar%20lock%2Dup

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

goujon : Fer unissant à travers un joint deux dalles voisines; il est encastré dans l'une et coulisse dans une gaine solidaire de l'autre dalle.  2, record 9, French, - blocage%20des%20goujons

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Sous des efforts de compression causés par le fluage des dalles, par des joints obstrués ou des goujons bloqués, il se produit un flambage ou soulèvement du revêtement.  3, record 9, French, - blocage%20des%20goujons

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is traditional to distinguish, among the weathering factors, the physical mechanisms(freeze-thaw action, temperature, hydration, effects of salt crystallization) and the chemical ones(dissolution, oxidation-reduction, hydrolysis).  2, record 10, English, - physical%20mechanism%20of%20weathering

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est de tradition de distinguer parmi les agents de l'altération, les mécanismes physiques (action gel-dégel, température, hydratation, effet de cristallisation des sels) et les mécanismes chimiques (dissolution, oxydo-réduction, hydrolyse).  2, record 10, French, - m%C3%A9canisme%20physique%20de%20l%27alt%C3%A9ration

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le terme «altération» est plus large que le terme «météorisation» qui lui, s'applique aux changements entraînés par les facteurs climatiques.  3, record 10, French, - m%C3%A9canisme%20physique%20de%20l%27alt%C3%A9ration

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In arctic environments, above the tree line, the permafrost is continuous, and the 1 to 2 m surface layer subject to thawing in summer shows signs of disturbance attributable to freeze-thaw action : disrupted, mixed, or broken horizons, and stone polygons on the surface.  1, record 11, English, - arctic%20environment

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En milieu arctique, au-delà de la limite des arbres, le pergélisol est continu, et la couche de 1 m à 2 m, en surface, susceptible de dégeler en été présente plusieurs signes de perturbations.  1, record 11, French, - milieu%20arctique

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

All of these early attempts at encapsulating "poor-quality" soils were aimed at providing a moisture-tight barrier beneath the roadway's wearing surface... Today the major applications are the following : To encapsulate frost-sensitive silt soils from problems associated with freeze-thaw cycles; to encapsulate expansive and heavy clays from volume changes associated with wet-dry cycles; to protect subgrade soils from being exposed to water from flooding, etc.... As currently practised, membrane-encapsulated soils(MESLs) utilize geotextiles as the base material and then impregnate them with a sprayed-on bitumenuous or elastomeric product... thereby forming bottom, sides, and top of the enclosed soil.  1, record 12, English, - membrane%20encapsulated%20soil

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La fonction conteneur [des géotextiles] implique deux notions: la notion de confinement de matériaux granulaires ne disposant que d'une faible cohésion. Dans ce cas, le système est bi-composant discontinu. L'un des composants (géotextile) sert de contenant à l'autre (sol); la notion de matrice, où les vides interfibres du géotextile sont en mesure de contenir à cette échelle des matériaux visco-plastiques comme le bitume.  2, record 12, French, - couche%20de%20sol%20confin%C3%A9%20par%20membrane%20g%C3%A9otextile

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Fonctions du géotextile (...) Protection: le confinement des couches de sol d'apport sur le parement du massif par les nappes géotextiles maintient le sol en place et le protège de l'érosion.  2, record 12, French, - couche%20de%20sol%20confin%C3%A9%20par%20membrane%20g%C3%A9otextile

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A non-flammable latex adhesive designed for indoor installation of felt backed vinyl sheet goods, linoleum, vinyl asbestos tile, rubber tile, sponge back carpet, latex backed carpets and jute. Use over lining felt, plywood, or wood hardboard panelling of underlayment quality and concrete above, on or below grade.... Freeze-thaw stability :-12 degrees C or higher.  1, record 13, English, - freeze%2Dthaw%20stability

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Colle de latex ininflammable conçue pour installation intérieure de feuilles de vinyle à dossier de feutre, linoléum, carreaux d'amiante-vinyle ou caoutchouc, tapis à dossier spongieux, latex et jute. Utiliser sur un support de feutre, contreplaqué, sous-plancher de bois dur et surfaces de béton à tout niveau. (...) Stabilité gel-dégel : -12 degrés C ou plus.  1, record 13, French, - stabilit%C3%A9%20gel%2Dd%C3%A9gel

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is traditional to distinguish, among the weathering factors, the physical mechanisms(freeze-thaw action, temperature, hydration, effects of salt crystallization) and the chemical ones(dissolution, oxidation-reduction, hydrolysis).  2, record 14, English, - chemical%20mechanism%20of%20weathering

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est de tradition de distinguer parmi les agents de l'altération, les mécanismes physiques (action gel-dégel, température, hydratation, effet de cristallisation des sels) et les mécanismes chimiques (dissolution, oxydo-réduction, hydrolyse).  2, record 14, French, - m%C3%A9canisme%20chimique%20de%20l%27alt%C3%A9ration

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The freeze-thaw plus vacuum filtration process was introduced(...) in 1954 for processing sludges arising from the chemical treatment of medium-level effluent. Research and development work had shown that frozen and thawed sludge had much different characteristics than the original sludge and settled well.  1, record 15, English, - freeze%2Dthaw

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les méthodes adoptées [pour la concentration des boues radioactives] (...) sont: - la filtration sous pression. (...) - la filtration sous vide (...) - la congélation-décongélation des boues suivie d'une décantation et d'une filtration sous vide ou d'une centrifugation. Cette méthode élimine une plus grande quantité d'eau et assure une meilleure réduction de volume.  1, record 15, French, - cong%C3%A9lation%2Dd%C3%A9cong%C3%A9lation

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish