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FREEZING UNIT [8 records]

Filter results by subject field Alphabetical list of terms

Filter results by subject field

Alphabetical list of terms

Record 1 2021-12-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Metrology and Units of Measure
  • Heat (Physics)
Universal entry(ies)
°C
symbol
DEF

A unit representing temperature on a scale of 100 units between the freezing point(0°) and the boiling point(100°) of water at standard sea level atmospheric pressure which compares to 180 units on the Fahrenheit scale between 32 °F or 180 units.

CONT

The degree Celsius ... is a conventional unit of temperature. Water freezes at 0 °C, a comfortable room-temperature is 20 °C, normal blood-temperature is near 37 °C, and water boils at 100 °C.

OBS

Formerly called "Centigrade."

OBS

Celsius: The name of Swedish astronomer, Anders Celsius, ... used to designate the centigrade type of thermometer and temperature-scale invented by him in 1742.

OBS

Degrees centigrade may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit by the following equation: °F = 9/5 (°C) + 32.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Unités de mesure et métrologie
  • Chaleur (Physique)
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
°C
symbol
OBS

Nom spécial de l'unité de mesure de la température Celsius; intervalle de température identique au Kelvin (symbole : °C).

OBS

centigrade; degré centigrade : La conférence des Poids et Mesures de 1948 a remplacé cet emploi par degré Celsius.

OBS

Le mot «degré» s'abrège à l'aide d'un petit zéro placé en exposant immédiatement après le nombre. 36°. Toutefois, si l'échelle de mesure est précisée (C pour Celsius, F pour Fahrenheit, par exemple), les abréviations de «degré» et du nom de l'échelle sont séparées du nombre par un espace. [Exemple : ]Une température de 40 °C, de 42,5 °F.

OBS

On peut, dans un texte non spécialisé, noter la température en lettre si l'on s'en tient au nombre entier : «le thermomètre était descendu à trente-sept degrés au-dessous de zéro».

OBS

échelle de température Celsius : Dans cette échelle, les températures de fusion et d'ébullition de l'eau sous une pression de une atmosphère sont très voisines de 0 et 100 °C. L'échelle Celsius coïncide donc pratiquement avec l'échelle centésimale.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Metrología y unidades de medida
  • Calor (Física)
Entrada(s) universal(es)
°C
symbol
DEF

Unidad de temperatura que equivale a la centésima parte de la diferencia entre los puntos de fusión del hielo y de ebullición del agua, a la presión normal.

OBS

grado Celsius: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que el nombre, en rigor, es grado Celsius (con el nombre del científico en mayúscula), aunque fuera de contextos técnicos se usa grado centígrado o simplemente grado. El símbolo establecido internacionalmente es °C, que consiste en un pequeño círculo seguido sin espacio de la letra C. Se deja un espacio entre la cifra y el símbolo: 23 °C.

Save record 1

Record 2 2020-04-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Hydrology and Hydrography
  • Oceanography
DEF

The water mass formed in the Arctic Ocean by a combination of freezing on the arctic shelf and deep winter convection in the Greenland and Norwegian Seas.

CONT

Freezing increases the salinity under the ice; the dense water sinks to the ocean floor and leaves the arctic basins to enter the Greenland and Norwegian Seas, where it mixes with water that sinks under the influence of surface cooling. The resulting water mass has a salinity of 34. 95 psu [practical salinity unit] and a temperature of-0. 8° to-0. 9° C. It fills the Arctic Ocean at all depths below 800 m, the sill depth to the Atlantic. It enters the Atlantic in bursts, when the passage of atmospheric depressions lifts the thermocline and allows Arctic bottom water to flow over the sill.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Hydrologie et hydrographie
  • Océanographie

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2012-11-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Soil Mechanics (Engineering)
  • Soil Science
DEF

The adhesion of soil to a foundation unit resulting from the freezing of soil water.

CONT

Adfreezing is the process that anchors piles or buried foundations in permafrost, so that they can be unaffected by frost heave occurring in the active layer.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mécanique des sols
  • Science du sol
DEF

Adhérence du sol à un élément de fondation provoquée par le gel de l'eau contenue dans le sol.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Mecánica del suelo
  • Ciencia del suelo
DEF

Congelamiento del suelo húmedo que se forma debajo de estructuras y materiales (tales como muros de fundación y materiales aislantes) con el peligro de desplazarlos.

Save record 3

Record 4 2011-05-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Metrology and Units of Measure
  • Optics
  • Weapon Systems
DEF

SI unit of luminous intensity : Luminous intensity, in the perpendicular direction, of a surface of 1/600 000 square metre of a black body(full radiator) at the temperature of freezing platinum under a pressure of 101 325 newtons per square metre. [13th General Conference of Weights and Measures, 1967]

OBS

From 1909 until the introduction of the present photometric system on January 1, 1948, the unit of luminous intensity in the United States, as well as France and Great Britain, was the international candle which was maintained by a group of carbon-filament vacuum lamps. For the present unit as defined above, the internationally accepted term is the candela. The difference between the candela and the old international candle is so small that only measurements of high precision are affected.

OBS

candela; cd: term and abbreviation standardized by CEI and American National Standards Institute/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (ANSI/IEEE) 100-1977.

OBS

candela; cd: term and abbreviation officially approved by the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Forces.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Unités de mesure et métrologie
  • Optique
  • Systèmes d'armes
DEF

Unité SI d'intensité lumineuse : Intensité lumineuse, dans la direction perpendiculaire, d'une surface de 1/600 000 mètre carré d'un corps noir à la température de congélation du platine sous la pression de 101 325 newtons par mètre carré. [13e Conférence générale des poids et mesures, 1967]

OBS

bougie décimale : Ancienne unité d'intensité lumineuse, remplacée par la candela.

OBS

cd : Symbole de candela.

OBS

bougie décimale : Unité d'intensité lumineuse ayant pour symbole bd.

OBS

On écrirait mieux «candéla».

OBS

candéla : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).

OBS

candela : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de terminologie des munitions.

OBS

candela; cd : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le ministère de la Défense nationale et les Forces canadiennes.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Metrología y unidades de medida
  • Óptica
  • Sistemas de armas
Save record 4

Record 5 2008-09-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Glaciology
DEF

Cumulative upward displacement of objects embedded in the ground, caused by frost action.

CONT

Frost jacking results from basal or vertical freezing pressures acting on the underside of a foundation, structure or object, or from adfreezing of soil to the sides of these objects. The cumulative upward movement over a period of time(one or several freeze-thaw cycles) may result in the foundation unit or object being ejected from the ground.

CONT

Frost-jacking - When heaving occurs ..., if a structure imbedded in the ground is not properly anchored to resist such movement, the structure will be forced upward along with the ground surface. In most cases, the structure does not return to its original position when the active layer thaws during the following summer. The net upward movement is called "jacking." This phenomenon can occur whenever there is seasonal freezing and thawing of the active layer, and is not limited to permafrost areas.

CONT

Fence posts and utility poles or towers are commonly affected, and both deep (pile) and shallow (post) foundations (e.g., used for bridges, wharves, unheated or lightweight buildings) have been seriously affected by frost jacking.

OBS

upfreezing: Synonym: (not recommended).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Glaciologie
OBS

éjection gélivale (frost jacking) : Le substantif éjection suppose un mouvement rapide, une expulsion, une projection, ce qui n'est pas le cas.

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 1996-07-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Ovens, Furnaces and Boilers (Heating)
CONT

Electric unit heaters are used where low cost electric power is available, or for isolated locations, intermittent use, supplementary heating, or temporary service. Typical applications are ticket booths, watchmen's offices, factory offices, locker rooms, and other types of isolated rooms scattered over large areas. Electric units are particularly useful in isolated and untended pumping stations or pits, where they may be thermostatically controlled to prevent freezing temperatures.

OBS

The term unit heater denotes an assembly of elements, the principal function of which is to heat a space. The essential elements are a fan and motor, a heating element, and an enclosure. Filters, dampers, directional outlets, duct collars, combustion chambers, and flues may also be included. The various types of unit heaters in present use can usually be classified according to one or more methods. 1. By Heating Medium. Under this classification five heating media can be considered: a) steam, b) hot water, c) gas indirect-fired, d) oil indirect-fired, e) electric.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Fours et chaudières (Chauffage)
CONT

Il existe des aérothermes qui ne sont pas alimentés par un fluide chauffant, mais dans lesquels la chaleur est produite directement. Ce sont d'une part les aérothermes électriques, dont la batterie chauffante est constituée par des résistances chauffantes (fils au nickel-chrome, par exemple) qui, portées au rouge, atteignent une température de 300°C. D'autre part les aérothermes à feu direct [...]

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 1993-07-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Freezing and Refrigerating
  • Food Industries
DEF

Freezing in a trough having a perforated bottom through which an upward flow of cold air entrains the produce, usually of small unit size, and causes it to flow like a fluid.

OBS

food technology

French

Domaine(s)
  • Congélation, surgélation et réfrigération
  • Industrie de l'alimentation
DEF

Congélation dans un courant d'air froid ascendant à travers le fond perforé d'un canal contenant le produit (en général en unités de faibles dimensions), qui est mis en suspension et s'écoule ainsi comme un fluide.

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 1982-08-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Freezing and Refrigerating
CONT

Figure 303 shows one possible layout for a freezing unit.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Congélation, surgélation et réfrigération
CONT

La fig. 303 représente un schéma, parmi d'autres, de poste de congélation.

Spanish

Save record 8

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