TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Reference crop evapotranspiration or reference evapotranspiration, denoted as ETo or ETref, is the estimation of the evapotranspiration from the "reference surface. "The reference surface is a hypothetical grass reference crop with an assumed crop height of 0. 12 m, a fixed surface resistance of 70 s/m and an albedo of 0. 23. The reference surface closely resembles an extensive surface of green, well-watered grass of uniform height, actively growing and completely shading the ground. The fixed surface resistance of 70 s/m implies a moderately dry soil surface resulting from about a weekly irrigation frequency.  1, record 1, English, - reference%20evapotranspiration

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Évapotranspiration maximale (ETM) d'une culture donnée bien adaptée et choisie comme référence dans des conditions climatiques données.  1, record 1, French, - %C3%A9vapotranspiration%20de%20r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La evapotranspiración de referencia (ETo) es un parámetro agro-meteorológico de gran importancia para muchas áreas de estudio como la geotecnia, climatología e hidrología, donde su mayor importancia recae en el cálculo de la evapotranspiración de cultivo (ETc).  1, record 1, Spanish, - evapotranspiraci%C3%B3n%20de%20referencia

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A linear probe uses high frequency ultrasound to create high resolution images of structures near the body surface. This makes the probe ideal for vascular imaging and certain procedures such as central line placement.  3, record 2, English, - linear%20ultrasound%20probe

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les sondes linéaires sont généralement utilisées pour les examens superficiels tels que l'imagerie musculosquelettique et les études vasculaires périphériques. Elles se caractérisent par une fréquence élevée qui leur garantit une résolution spatiale impeccable.  1, record 2, French, - sonde%20%C3%A9chographique%20lin%C3%A9aire

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Internal tides are generated as the surface tides move stratified water up and down sloping topography, which produces a wave in the ocean interior. So internal tides are internal waves at a tidal frequency.  1, record 3, English, - internal%20tide

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les marées internes sont des ondes de gravité internes à la fréquence de marée. [...] Ces ondes sont dites internes car elles ne se manifestent pas à la surface de l'eau, contrairement aux marées externes.  2, record 3, French, - mar%C3%A9e%20interne

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Laser force microscope senses topography by moving a tungsten or silicon probe across a sample(typically a microelectronic component) at a height of a few nanometers. The tip is set vibrating at close to its resonance frequency. Attractive forces... called van der Waals attractions and the surface tension of water that condenses between tip and sample, pull on the tip, changing its resonance frequency and so reducing its vibration amplitude. The variation in the forces, and hence in tip travel, reveals surface relief. A laser probe tracks the tip by means of a beam that is split into two. One of the beams is reflected through a stationary prism; the other passes through a Bragg cell--a device that shifts the beam's frequency--and is reflected from the back of the probe. The beams are recombined, and their interference produces a signal(at the Bragg-cell frequency) that measures the tip vibration.  1, record 4, English, - laser%20force%20microscope

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Scanning laser force microscope.  2, record 4, English, - laser%20force%20microscope

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The height above the earth of a hypothetical horizontal surface in free space at which a wave of the given frequency would have to be reflected to travel from a given transmitter to a given receiver in the same time as by reflection from the actual ionospheric layer.  2, record 5, English, - virtual%20height

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Altitude de la surface horizontale sur laquelle devrait se réfléchir, pour une fréquence donnée, une onde radioélectrique se propageant dans le vide, entre un émetteur et un récepteur donnés, pour que la durée du parcours soit la même que celle du parcours réel comprenant une réflexion dans l'ionosphère.  2, record 5, French, - hauteur%20virtuelle

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Altura de la superficie horizontal sobre la cual ha de reflejarse una onda radioeléctrica de frecuencia dada que se propaga en el vacío entre un emisor y un receptor, para que la duración del recorrido sea la misma que la del recorrido real que comprenda una reflexión en la ionosfera.  2, record 5, Spanish, - altura%20virtual

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

As the circumstances require, this may be(a) a point on the surface of the earth over which two or more position lines intersect. The position lines may be true bearings from non-directional beacons(NDB)(magnetic bearings shown on charts for pilot usage) ;radials from VHF [very high frequency]/UHF [ultrahigh frequency] NAVAIDs [navigation aids] ;centrelines of airways, fixed RNAV [area navigation] routes or air routes; localizers; or DME [distance measuring equipment] distances; or(b) the point where two runways, a runway and a taxiway, or two taxiways cross or meet.  1, record 6, English, - intersection

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

intersection; INTXN: term and abbreviation standardized by the Glossary for Pilots and Air Traffic Services Personnel Committee.  2, record 6, English, - intersection

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Selon les circonstances : a) Point à la surface de la terre au-dessus duquel deux lignes de position, ou plus, se croisent. Les lignes de position peuvent être des relèvements vrais à partir d'un radiophare non directionnel (NDB) (relèvements magnétiques illustrés sur des cartes à l'usage des pilotes), des radiales provenant de NAVAID [aides à la navigation] VHF [très haute fréquence]/UHF [ultra-haute fréquence], des axes des voies aériennes, des routes RNAV [navigation de surface] fixes, des routes aériennes, des radiophares d'alignement de piste ou des distances DME [équipement de mesure de distance]; b) Point où deux pistes, une piste et une voie de circulation ou deux voies de circulation se croisent ou se rencontrent.  1, record 6, French, - intersection

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

intersection; INTXN : terme et abréviation normalisés par le Comité sur le Glossaire à l'intention des pilotes et du personnel des services de la circulation aérienne.  2, record 6, French, - intersection

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  1, record 7, English, - wind%20sea%20wave%20direction

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les marins distinguent la mer de vent de la houle. Contrairement à la houle qui peut venir de loin, la mer de vent est le résultat local (en temps et en lieu) de l’effet du vent soufflant sur le plan d’eau.  3, record 7, French, - direction%20incluant%20houle%20et%20mer%20du%20vent

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  1, record 8, English, - peak%20wave%20period

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On peut citer la période du pic, qui correspond à la période des vagues dominantes. Elle est définie à partir du spectre d'état de mer comme la période pour laquelle la densité spectrale est maximale.  4, record 8, French, - p%C3%A9riode%20du%20pic%20des%20vagues

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Vagues : - hauteur significative; - périodes pics (incluant houle et mer du vent); - directions pics (incluant houle et mer du vent).  5, record 8, French, - p%C3%A9riode%20du%20pic%20des%20vagues

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  2, record 9, English, - mean%20wave%20direction

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  1, record 10, English, - directional%20wave%20heading%2Dfrequency%20spectrum

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

directional wave spectrum: A two-dimensional spectrum that shows how the wave energy is distributed between various directions of incidence, in addition to how it is distributed among various frequencies.  3, record 10, English, - directional%20wave%20heading%2Dfrequency%20spectrum

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 3 OBS

The wave model selected for use … simulates the behavior of a random sea through use of a two-dimensional wave spectrum in which the wave energy density is a function of both frequency and direction.  4, record 10, English, - directional%20wave%20heading%2Dfrequency%20spectrum

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Spectres directionnels. - La forme des spectres en fréquence est encore le sujet de discussions […] en particulier dans sa partie haute fréquence qui est très importante pour la réflexion d’ondes radar [...] Pour la forme directionnelle des vagues les incertitudes sont bien plus grandes, même au niveau du pic spectral, en particulier à cause du faible nombre d’observations directionnelles de bonne qualité. Le spectre fréquence-direction [...] se décompose de manière usuelle [...]  2, record 10, French, - spectre%20directionnel%20fr%C3%A9quence%2Ddirection%20des%20vagues

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Les bouées de mesures du spectre directionnel des vagues (pilonnement, roulis, tangage, cap) ont deux avantages importants par rapport aux autres instrumentations possibles : elles sont utilisables quelle que soit la profondeur d'eau en dehors de la zone littorale de déferlement, et elles fournissent une information continue en fréquence sur tout le spectre de vagues de périodes supérieures à 2.5 secondes.  3, record 10, French, - spectre%20directionnel%20fr%C3%A9quence%2Ddirection%20des%20vagues

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A second order non-linear optical process … based on the annihilation of two input photons at frequencies [omega subscript 1] and [omega subscript 2] while, simultaneously, one photon at frequency [omega subscript 3] is generated.  3, record 11, English, - sum%2Dfrequency%20generation

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy(SFG) is a technique used to analyze surfaces and interfaces. This spectroscopy method utilizes sum frequency generation, where two light beams mix at a surface and generate an output beam with a frequency equal to the sum of the two input frequencies. From the experiment setup and the output beam, one can deduce the composition, orientation distributions, and some structural information of molecules on a surface. SFG has advantages in its ability to be monolayer surface sensitive, ability to be performed in situ(for example aqueous surfaces and in gases), and not causing much damage to the sample surface.  3, record 11, English, - sum%2Dfrequency%20generation

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In order that the sum-frequency generation takes place it is necessary that the following two conditions happen: 1. Energy conservation … 2. Momentum conservation …  3, record 11, English, - sum%2Dfrequency%20generation

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique d’optique non linéaire développée […] pour sonder in situ et sélectivement les espèces adsorbées à l’interface entre deux milieux condensés, la seule contrainte étant la transparence d’une des phases.  3, record 11, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration%20de%20la%20fr%C3%A9quence%20somme

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette technique est obtenue par mixage non linéaire (synchronisation) d’une onde laser visible fixe (laser YAG [en grenat d'yttrium et d'aluminium] doublé) et d’une onde laser infrarouge accordable (laser à électrons libres). Le signal de fréquence somme devient résonnant quand la fréquence infrarouge est voisine de celle d’un mode de l’adsorbat.  3, record 11, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration%20de%20la%20fr%C3%A9quence%20somme

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The longitudinal and the lateral speed of the ship may be measured by means of a sonar doppler log which operates on the principle that a sonar signal transmitted from a moving object and reflected back from a stationary surface will indicate a shift in frequency; this shift in frequency is proportional to the speed relative to the stationary surface of the moving object, which in this case will be the ship.  2, record 12, English, - lateral%20speed

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The frequency at which a sound wave incident upon a surface has a projected wavelength equal to the length of the bending wave excited in the surface material. The effect of this "trace matching" is a marked reduction in the sound transmission loss in the frequency region in which this occurs. The frequency is a function of the angle at which the sound impinges on the surface, the surface weight, and bending stiffness of the surface.  2, record 13, English, - coincidence%20frequency

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les pertes de transmission du son par les cloisons et les planchers dépendent également de la rigidité. Les courbes des pertes de transmission de son pour les matériaux rigides présentent des creux à certaines fréquences par rapport aux pertes calculées selon la loi de masse. Cet effet dit de coïncidence entraîne souvent un ITS plus faible. Les matériaux peu rigides comme les feuilles de plomb n'ont pas de creux de coïncidence. Les fréquences de coïncidence des différents matériaux se produisent dans diverses parties du spectre acoustique, parfois en dehors de la gamme normale utilisée en acoustique du bâtiment.  2, record 13, French, - fr%C3%A9quence%20de%20co%C3%AFncidence

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  1, record 14, English, - wave%20frequency%20spectrum

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  2, record 15, English, - swell%20wave%20period

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La période de la houle peut atteindre plusieurs dizaines de secondes, mais dépasse rarement 30 secondes.  2, record 15, French, - p%C3%A9riode%20des%20houles

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  1, record 16, English, - sea%20surface%20elevation

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  1, record 17, English, - swell%20wave%20direction

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Display of measurements and storage to the computer disk drive will include significant wave height, peak wave period, mean wave period, peak wave length, mean wave direction, peak wave direction, wind sea period(< 10 s), wind sea wave direction, swell wave period(> 10 s), swell wave direction, wave frequency spectra and wave heading-frequency(directional) spectra and sea surface elevation maps.  1, record 18, English, - peak%20wave%20direction

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Superrefraction... causes radio waves to refract downward with a curvature greater than normal. The result is an increased flattening of the effective earth... It can be seen that an "N" gradient of-157 units per kilometer yields a "k" equal to infinity. Under these conditions radio waves are propagated at a fixed height above the earth's surface, creating unusually long propagation distances and the potential for overreach interference with other signals occupying the same frequency allocation.  4, record 19, English, - super%2Drefraction

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réfraction des ondes radioélectriques dans l'atmosphère lorsque le gradient de l'indice de réfraction est inférieur à 39 unités «N» par kilomètre.  4, record 19, French, - superr%C3%A9fraction

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[La superréfraction] est caractérisée par le fait que la trajectoire des ondes est plus courbée que dans l'atmosphère normale, ce qui augmente la portée au sol ou à altitude moyenne d'un émetteur d'ondes ultra-courtes, l'onde suivant la courbure de la Terre sur une certaine distance ou, pour les valeurs inférieures à -157 unités N/km, revient vers le sol et s'y réfléchit, puis en altitude, et ainsi de suite, comme dans une couche-piège, l'augmentation de portée pouvant alors être importante.  4, record 19, French, - superr%C3%A9fraction

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

BIPHOSPHONATES-These analogues of pyrophosphate are adsorbed onto the surface of hydroxyapatite crystals in bone, particularly at sites of active remodeling, and inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption. Bone mass increases as a result of a decrease in the frequency of osteoclast activation, a reduction in the depth of osteoclast resorption, or both.  1, record 20, English, - osteoclast%20resorption

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bien qu'il n'existe pas de méthode de mesure directe de la résorption ostéoclastique, aucun argument indirect n'est en faveur de son augmentation avec l'âge. Tout se passe comme si l'ostéopénie physiologique sénile était due histologiquement à une dépression ostéoblastique, la résorption ostéoclastique étant normale ou même légèrement diminuée [...]  1, record 20, French, - r%C3%A9sorption%20ost%C3%A9oclastique

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

BIPHOSPHONATES-These analogues of pyrophosphate are adsorbed onto the surface of hydroxyapatite crystals in bone, particularly at sites of active remodeling, and inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption. Bone mass increases as a result of a decrease in the frequency of osteoclast activation, a reduction in the depth of osteoclast resorption, or both.  1, record 21, English, - osteoclast%20activation

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette baisse des réserves calciques serait responsable d'une stimulation parathyroïdienne et par là d'une activation des ostéoclastes.  1, record 21, French, - activation%20des%20ost%C3%A9oclastes

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The critical frequency... is the highest frequency that can be reflected when a signal strikes the ionosphere as a vertical(90° with respect to the surface) incident wave.  2, record 22, English, - critical%20frequency

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Frecuencia máxima reflejada por la capa F2 con incidencia vertical.  1, record 22, Spanish, - frecuencia%20cr%C3%ADtica

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A high frequency oscillation of the aerofoil surfaces caused by a struggle between the aerodynamic forces and the stiffness of the surface.  2, record 23, English, - flutter

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It [flutter] is dynamic, arising from a wing, tail plane or fin being relatively free in bending and torsion.  2, record 23, English, - flutter

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

There are three kinds of flutter: torsional-flexural flutter; torsional aileron flutter; flexural aileron flutter.  2, record 23, English, - flutter

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 3 OBS

flutter: term officially approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).  3, record 23, English, - flutter

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vibrations [...] de haute fréquence, entretenues et parfois divergentes, affectant la cellule d'un avion, [c'est-à-dire l'ensemble des structures d'un avion (ailes, fuselage]) [...]  7, record 23, French, - flottement

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

flutter : terme déconseillé par le Ministère de la défense de la France.  8, record 23, French, - flottement

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

flottement : terme uniformisé par le Ministère de la défense de la France.  9, record 23, French, - flottement

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 3 OBS

flottement; vibrations aéroélastiques : termes uniformisés par l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (OACI).  10, record 23, French, - flottement

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 4 OBS

flottement; battement : termes uniformisés par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie aéronautique (CUTA) - Opérations aériennes.  10, record 23, French, - flottement

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

flameo : término aceptado oficialmente por la Organización de Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI).  2, record 23, Spanish, - flameo

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The resonant breaker... produces low amplitude, high frequency blows by vibrating a large steel beam that is connected to a foot(can be varied in width from six to twelve inches) that is moved along the concrete surface at the front of the machine. Resonant breakers require multiple passes to rubblize the full lane width.  1, record 24, English, - resonant%20breaker%20machine

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Brise-dalle muni d'un sabot vibrant et qui est utilisé dans les opérations de fracturation par résonnance.  1, record 24, French, - brise%2Ddalle%20par%20r%C3%A9sonnance

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Microwave sensors are particularly effective for measuring land surface hydrological parameters. Since microwave sensors enable us to observe ground surfaces both day and night, we can observe hydrologic phenomena that show remarkable diurnal variation. Further, an inherent feature of a microwave sensor lies in its wavelength between 1 mm and 1 m(0. 3 to 300 GHz of frequency), making it possible to conduct observations without influence from weather and to detect the scattering information not only at the surface, but also in the volume. Furthermore, we can directly observe liquid water having larger relative permittivity than other physical parameters because the scattering of microwaves heavily depends on relative permittivity. There are two types of microwave sensors : a passive microwave sensor that observe weak microwave signals naturally radiated from the Earth's surface, and an active microwave sensor that measures the backscattering coefficient of the transmitted beam.  2, record 25, English, - microwave%20sensor

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

microwave sensor: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group (RTAG).  3, record 25, English, - microwave%20sensor

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tous les objets reflètent, absorbent ou émettent un rayonnement électromagnétique qui correspond à leur composition et à leur structure. Un capteur hyperspectral, fonctionnant à l'aide du rayonnement solaire réfléchi, détecte les spectres particuliers, autrement dit la «signature spectrale» d'un objet, ce qui permet ensuite d'en déterminer la composition.  4, record 25, French, - capteur%20hyperspectral

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

capteur hyperspectral : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  5, record 25, French, - capteur%20hyperspectral

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] sensor that observe weak microwave signals naturally radiated from the Earth’s surface.  3, record 26, English, - passive%20sensor

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A passive sensor is a microwave instrument designed to receive and to measure natural emissions produced by the Earths surface and its atmosphere. The frequency and strength of these natural emissions characterize the type and the status of a large number of important geophysical, atmospheric and surface parameters of the land, sea, and ice caps, that describe the status of the Earth system(i. e., The Earth, its atmosphere, and the oceans) and its mechanisms.  4, record 26, English, - passive%20sensor

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Microwave energy recorded by a passive sensor can be emitted by the atmosphere, reflected from the surface, emitted from the surface, or transmitted from the subsurface.  5, record 26, English, - passive%20sensor

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Typically, microwave passive sensors are radiometers or scanners and are characterized by low spatial resolution.  5, record 26, English, - passive%20sensor

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

passive sensor: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group (RTAG).  5, record 26, English, - passive%20sensor

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capteur qui reçoit une énergie émise sans que lui-même irradie la scène.  4, record 26, French, - capteur%20passif

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les capteurs passifs sont uniquement récepteurs (ex. : radiomètres, caméras, spectroradiomètres, etc.), la source d'énergie est le plus souvent le Soleil ou la Terre.  5, record 26, French, - capteur%20passif

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

capteur passif : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  6, record 26, French, - capteur%20passif

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A large tall] stack ... designed to discharge exhaust gases [and smoke] from the various smelting furnaces at [a] smelter.  5, record 27, English, - smelter%20stack

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

However, some episodes of elevated sulphur dioxide still occur, with emissions from the smelter's stack spreading over the community. This happens during weather conditions called surface inversions that force the plume from the smelter stack down to the ground instead of allowing the emissions to disperse. Fugitive spill gases can also have an impact on downtown air quality, although the frequency of these events is decreasing.  6, record 27, English, - smelter%20stack

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette société, spécialisée dans le recyclage de métaux précieux, manipule des produits hautement toxiques, rejette régulièrement des fumées épaisses et irritantes, et cause d'importantes nuisances sonores dans une zone d'habitation à forte densité. [...] Des études sur les fumées rejetées par la cheminée de fonderie restent, en tout état de cause, nécessaires.  1, record 27, French, - chemin%C3%A9e%20de%20fonderie

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les modes de dispersion régionale de six métaux (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn), émis par la cheminée de la fonderie de métaux de base à Flin Flon, ont été étudiés dans les sols de surface et à plus grande profondeur [...]  3, record 27, French, - chemin%C3%A9e%20de%20fonderie

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Coincidence effect. When a plane wave strikes a thin partition at an angle, there are alternating high and low pressure zones along the partition that cause it to flex sinusoidally. This flexural wave propagates along the surface of the wall. At some frequency, there is a kind of resonance and the wall becomes transparent to the wave. This causes a marked decrease in the transmission loss over what is expected from the mass law; it can be 10-15 dB.  1, record 28, English, - coincidence%20effect

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Quand une onde rencontre une paroi avec une [...] incidence oblique et une fréquence particulière, la paroi vibre et se déforme en flexion. Si la célérité des ondes de torsion de la paroi rejoint la célérité du son dans l'air, il se produit une perte d'isolement. Le phénomène n'est pas confiné à une seule fréquence. Au delà de la fréquence critique, les pertes d'isolement sont essentiellement liées à l'effet de coïncidence.  2, record 28, French, - effet%20de%20co%C3%AFncidence

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Speaker ... dedicated to the reproduction of midrange frequencies.  7, record 29, English, - midrange%20speaker

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

midrange: The audible frequencies typically constituted by frequencies of between 150 and 5,000 hertz, although the dividing lines between midrange and bass at the bottom end, and midrange and treble at the top end, are ones of opinion. The human ear is most sensitive to midrange frequencies.  8, record 29, English, - midrange%20speaker

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A midrange speaker is usually much smaller than a woofer, but with a radiating surface area greater than the typical tweeter. It reproduces the mid frequency range from approximately 300 to 5000 Hertz.  9, record 29, English, - midrange%20speaker

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Haut-parleur pour fréquences audiophoniques moyennes (registre moyen).  5, record 29, French, - haut%2Dparleur%20m%C3%A9dial

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les fréquences audiophoniques moyennes se situent dans un registre allant de 150 à 5 000 Hz.  6, record 29, French, - haut%2Dparleur%20m%C3%A9dial

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dry blading unpaved roads does not hold up for any length of time before washboarding, raveling and potholes appear. This results in frequent blading to maintain an acceptable level of service... A water truck and compactor must accompany the blade during normal blading operations. Proper compaction following blading reduces the frequency of maintenance as well as the loss of surface material.  1, record 30, English, - dry%20blading

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

blading: Shape correction of unpaved road or shoulder surface by mechanical grader.  2, record 30, English, - dry%20blading

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réglage à la niveleuse : terme proposé par l'Association mondiale de la Route.  2, record 30, French, - r%C3%A9glage%20%C3%A0%20la%20niveleuse

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Shape correction of unpaved road or shoulder surface by mechanical grader.  2, record 31, English, - blading

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dry blading unpaved roads does not hold up for any length of time before washboarding, raveling and potholes appear. This results in frequent blading to maintain an acceptable level of service... A water truck and compactor must accompany the blade during normal blading operations. Proper compaction following blading reduces the frequency of maintenance as well as the loss of surface material.  3, record 31, English, - blading

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

blading: term proposed by the World Road Association.  4, record 31, English, - blading

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réglage à la niveleuse : terme proposé par l'Association mondiale de la Route.  2, record 31, French, - r%C3%A9glage%20%C3%A0%20la%20niveleuse

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dry blading unpaved roads does not hold up for any length of time before washboarding, raveling and potholes appear. This results in frequent blading to maintain an acceptable level of service... A water truck and compactor must accompany the blade during normal blading operations. Proper compaction following blading reduces the frequency of maintenance as well as the loss of surface material.  2, record 32, English, - wet%20blading

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

blading: Shape correction of unpaved road or shoulder surface by mechanical grader.  3, record 32, English, - wet%20blading

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réglage à la niveleuse : terme proposé par l'Association mondiale de la Route.  2, record 32, French, - r%C3%A9glage%20%C3%A0%20la%20niveleuse

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any form of radar which detects motion relative to a reflecting surface by measuring the frequency shift of reflected radio energy due to the motion of the observer or of the reflecting surface.  2, record 33, English, - Doppler%20radar

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Doppler radar provides the pilot or navigator with a continuous indication of the drift angle and ground speed of the aircraft.  3, record 33, English, - Doppler%20radar

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Forecasting centers will get new computers, Doppler radar for more precise rainfall measurements, and interactive models designed to let forecasters explore a range of possible scenarios.  4, record 33, English, - Doppler%20radar

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

doppler radar: term and definition standardized by NATO.  5, record 33, English, - Doppler%20radar

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 OBS

In the NATO Glossary "Doppler" is written incorrectly in lower case.  5, record 33, English, - Doppler%20radar

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Doppler radar: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group (RTAG).  6, record 33, English, - Doppler%20radar

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Radar qui détecte tout déplacement d'une surface réfléchissante en mesurant le décalage de fréquence de l'énergie radio réfléchie dû au déplacement de l'observateur ou de la surface réfléchissante.  2, record 33, French, - radar%20Doppler

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le radar Doppler est [...] un équipement de navigation qui permet de connaître à tout instant la position de l'avion ou de l'hélicoptère qui le porte par la mesure de la vitesse au-dessus du sol.  4, record 33, French, - radar%20Doppler

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

radar Doppler : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de terminologie de l'artillerie antiaérienne et par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  5, record 33, French, - radar%20Doppler

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 OBS

radar doppler : terme et définition normalisés par l'OTAN.  6, record 33, French, - radar%20Doppler

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Dans le Glossaire OTAN, «Doppler» est écrit à tort en minuscules.  6, record 33, French, - radar%20Doppler

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Radar que detecta el movimiento relativo con respecto a una superficie de reflexión midiendo el cambio de fase de la energía de radiofrecuencia reflejada debida al movimiento del observador o de la superficie de reflexión.  1, record 33, Spanish, - radar%20doppler

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a measure of radiometric flux density per unit solid angle.  4, record 34, English, - radiance

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Unlike irradiance, radiance is a property solely of a radiation field, not of the orientation of the surface.... In general, radiance depends on time, position, and direction as well as frequency(monochromatic or spectral radiance) or range of frequencies.  5, record 34, English, - radiance

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Do not confuse "radiance" with "luminance" which is the photometric equivalent of radiance and is expressed in candelas per square meter (cd/m²).  6, record 34, English, - radiance

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Standard units of radiance are watts per square meter and steradian: W . m_-2. sr_-1 or W/(m².sr).  6, record 34, English, - radiance

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 4 OBS

radiance: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminoology Approval Group (RTAG).  4, record 34, English, - radiance

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Flux énergétique émis par unité de surface de la source, par unité d'angle solide, dans une direction donnée.  5, record 34, French, - luminance

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Unités SI de la «luminance énergétique» : watt par mètre carré par stéradian; W . m[indice-²] . sr_-1 ou W/(sr.m²).  6, record 34, French, - luminance

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 OBS

luminance : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  7, record 34, French, - luminance

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] flujo luminoso que la [superficie luminosa] emite por unidad de superficie, expresado en lux o en fots.  2, record 34, Spanish, - radiancia

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A sorting table has a generally planar surface that is inclined along two planes. The surface vibrates at a preselected frequency causing every different shape of particle to travel along a different trajectory on the surface. For example, round particles tend to roll the shortest distance. The elongate particles tend to roll end over end and travel a longer distance. By placing different bins at the different locations along the end of the surface to where the different shapes of particles travel, the different shapes of particles which are separated can be captured.  2, record 35, English, - sorting%20table

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Apart from sorting tables, the machinery required for a sorting plant includes electronic scales, jeweller’s loupes (magnifying glasses), a colour chart, and microscopes.  3, record 35, English, - sorting%20table

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Outre les tables de tri, la machinerie requise pour une usine de tri comprend les balances électroniques, les loupes de bijoutier (verres grossissants), une charte de couleurs et des microscopes.  3, record 35, French, - table%20de%20tri

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Raytheon's IMS [Integrated Maritime Surveillance] uses land-based long-range surface wave radar, which transmits high frequency(HF) radio waves that follow the earth's curvature. The SWR-503 Surface Wave Radar detects and tracks aircraft, surface vessels and icebergs out to 500 km from the shore in a sector of up to 120 degrees. The radar also provides current and surface wind data. At an Operations Control Centre, the IMS system correlates detections from surface wave radar sites with identification information from ADS systems and other sensors. All of this data is fused to create a database and display system providing a complete picture of surface and air activity in the EEZ. Vessel tracks can be run backward and forward in time, enhancing military patrols and coast guard search-and-rescue efforts as well as oil spill control, drug interdiction, and iceberg alerts. Applications for HF Surface Wave Radar are being developed in fields such as Theatre Ballistic Missile and Meteor Shower Detection.  5, record 36, English, - high%2Dfrequency%20surface%20wave%20radar

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un radar haute fréquence à ondes de surface (RHFOS) ultraperfectionné que Raytheon Canada Limited (RCL) a conçu afin de détecter la présence de petits navires et d'aéronefs volant à basse altitude a été présenté avec succès à la Drug Enforcement Agency des États-Unis.  2, record 36, French, - radar%20haute%20fr%C3%A9quence%20%C3%A0%20ondes%20de%20surface

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Layer, existing only by day, which constitutes the lower part of the ionosphere; it begins at about 70 km and merges with the lower part of the E layer.  5, record 37, English, - D%20layer

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The D layer is the closest layer to the Earth's surface, and also forms only during daylight hours. This layer is a layer which instead of refracting signals to Earth, absorbs them. The D layer absorbs high frequency and medium frequency radio signals. In fact, sometimes, D layer absorption can grow so great that all radio communications by way of the ionosphere are wiped out for a short period.  6, record 37, English, - D%20layer

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This region of the ionosphere is situated in between 50 and 90 kilometers, below the E layer.  7, record 37, English, - D%20layer

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Couche, existant seulement de jour, qui constitue la partie inférieure de l'ionosphère ; elle débute vers 70 km d'altitude et se fond avec la partie inférieure de la couche E.  3, record 37, French, - couche%20D

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lors d'une activité solaire intense, certaines transmissions radio sont tellement perturbées qu'elles entraînent parfois un véritable «black-out» des communications. Dans le cas d'une éruption solaire, c'est la brusque augmentation de la concentration électronique dans la couche D qui provoque une atténuation tellement forte de l'intensité des ondes radio de courte longueur d'onde (10 à 100 m), que la réception de celles-ci devient inaudible. Par contre, les ondes de grandes longueurs d'onde sont réfléchies à un niveau plus bas de la couche D.  4, record 37, French, - couche%20D

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capa presente sólo de día y que comprende la parte inferior de la ionosfera.  2, record 37, Spanish, - capa%20D

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Comienza a unos 70 km y en su parte superior se confunde con la parte inferior de la capa E.  2, record 37, Spanish, - capa%20D

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Layer of the ionosphere exhibiting one or several maxima of electron density, at about 110 km.  6, record 38, English, - E%20layer

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The ionosphere is usually divided into two main layers : a lower layer, designated the E layer(sometimes called the Heaviside layer or Kennelly-Heaviside layer), which is between about 80 and 113 km(about 50 and 70 mi) above the Earth's surface and which reflects radio waves of low frequency; and a higher layer, the F layer(sometimes called the Appleton layer), which reflects higher-frequency radio waves.  7, record 38, English, - E%20layer

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The E layer exists in between the F and D layers, and forms only during daylight. Some radio refraction occurs in the E-layer at very high frequencies (VHF). This phenomenon is called Sporadic-E, because of its sporadic nature.  8, record 38, English, - E%20layer

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The Kennely-Heaviside Layer... or Heaviside Layer. ... is a layer of ionised gas occurring at 90-150 km in altitude ... It reflects medium-frequency radio waves, and because of this reflection radio waves can be propagated beyond the horizon. Propagation is affected by time of day, season, and sunspot activity. Its existence was announced in 1902 independently and almost simultaneously by the American electrical engineer Arthur Edwin Kennely? (1861-1949) and the British physicist Oliver Heaviside (1850-1925).  9, record 38, English, - E%20layer

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Heaviside layer: term officially approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).  10, record 38, English, - E%20layer

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Couche de l'ionosphère présentant un ou plusieurs maximums de densité électronique, située vers 110 km.  7, record 38, French, - couche%20E

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En 1902, l'ingénieur électricien américain Arthur Edwin Kennelly et le physicien britannique Oliver Heaviside (de façon indépendante et presque simultanément) annoncèrent l'existence probable d'une couche de gaz ionisés à haute altitude dans l'atmosphère, affectant la propagation des ondes radioélectriques. Cette couche, autrefois nommée couche de Heaviside, ou de Kennelly-Heaviside, est l'une des nombreuses couches constituant l'ionosphère. Bien que l'ionosphère soit transparente aux longueurs d'onde radio les plus courtes, elle réfracte ou réfléchit les longueurs d'onde plus importantes. Du fait de cette réflexion, les ondes radioélectriques peuvent se propager bien au-delà de l'horizon.  4, record 38, French, - couche%20E

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[...] le prochain niveau d'ionisation est appelé couche E. [...] Du fait que les électrons et les ions se recombinent assez rapidement ici, le niveau d'ionisation chute rapidement après le coucher du soleil. Bien qu'une petite quantité d'ionisation résiduelle persiste, la couche E disparaît pratiquement la nuit.  8, record 38, French, - couche%20E

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

couche de Heaviside : terme uniformisé par l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (OACI).  9, record 38, French, - couche%20E

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capa de la ionosfera, situada a unos 110 km de altitud, con uno o varios máximos de densidad de electrones.  3, record 38, Spanish, - capa%20E

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

capa de Heaviside: término aceptado oficialmente por la Organización de Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI).  4, record 38, Spanish, - capa%20E

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

CODAR is a High Frequency(HF) radar system that remotely measures ocean surface currents. The system allows one to get a complete map of ocean currents... without stepping foot aboard a boat or deploying an expensive array of current meters.  3, record 39, English, - coastal%20ocean%20dynamics%20applications%20radar

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

United States.  1, record 39, English, - coastal%20ocean%20dynamics%20applications%20radar

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For coastal defence and special operations, the Cyclone-class have a Sperry Rascar surface search radar and a Wesmar hull-mounted active high frequency sonar, flir and electronic support radar warning systems.  1, record 40, English, - electronic%20support%20radar%20warning%20system

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Destinés à la défense côtière et aux opérations spéciales, les patrouilleurs de la classe Cyclone sont équipés d'un radar de veille surface Sperry Rascar, d'un sonar de coque HF actif Wesmar, d'un flir et d'un ensemble CCME/alarme radar.  1, record 40, French, - ensemble%20CCME%2Falarme%20radar

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are two basic types of auroral disturbance.... those generated by transient or explosive activity on the visible surface of the Sun, typically solar flares, the frequency of which tends to increase or decrease according to the 11 year sunspot cycle [and those] generated by the continuous streams of particles emanating from the active regions of the sun that spray the earth each time the sun rotates. Typical regions are the coronal holes which are most active in the declining years of the sunspot cycle so that this type of aurora is most frequent after sunspot maximum. Such aurorae are quieter in form, may repeat themselves for several nights on end and then recur 27 days later after on rotation of the sun.  1, record 41, English, - auroral%20disturbance

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Surface-wave energy which travels along or near the surface of the ground. Usually characterized by relatively low velocity and low frequency but high amplitude. Ground roll tends to mask desired signals.  3, record 42, English, - ground%2Droll

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Onde superficielle provoquée par les tirs sismiques et perturbant les enregistrements.  2, record 42, French, - ground%2Droll

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le bruit sismique comprend les parasites dus aux ondes de surface et aux ondes transversales (ground-roll).  3, record 42, French, - ground%2Droll

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On pense que les ondes de Rayleigh constituent le principal composant du ground-roll.  1, record 42, French, - ground%2Droll

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For coastal defence and special operations, the Cyclone-class have a Sperry Rascar surface search radar and a Wesmar hull-mounted active high frequency sonar, flir and electronic support radar warning systems.  1, record 43, English, - Wesmar%20hull%2Dmounted%20active%20high%20frequency%20sonar

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Destinés à la défense côtière et aux opérations spéciales, les patrouilleurs de la classe Cyclone sont équipés d'un radar de veille surface Sperry Rascar, d'un sonar de coque HF actif Wesmar, d'un flir et d'un ensemble CCME/alarme radar.  1, record 43, French, - sonar%20de%20coque%20HF%20actif%20Wesmar

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Non-destructive testing technique which has been developed in order to evaluate the quality of the concrete structures. The technique is based on generation of high frequency stress pulse in the surface of the structure and their reflections from the voids, delaminations and back of the structure.  1, record 44, English, - Impact%2Decho

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'équivalent a été proposé par l'auteur de cette technique, un ingénieur de l'Université McGill.  1, record 44, French, - technique%20de%20l%27impact%2D%C3%A9cho

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Surface irregularities of varying amplitude and frequency resulting from the manufacturing method employed.  1, record 45, English, - surface%20roughness

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Within the limits of a conventionally defined sampling length, roughness can be quantified using a profile meter.  1, record 45, English, - surface%20roughness

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Irrégularités de surface d'amplitude et de fréquence variées dues à la méthode de fabrication utilisée.  1, record 45, French, - rugosit%C3%A9%20de%20surface

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans les limites d'une longueur d'échantillonnage définie par convention, la rugosité peut être quantifiée avec un profilomètre.  1, record 45, French, - rugosit%C3%A9%20de%20surface

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Acoustic microscopy is the term applied to high resolution, high frequency ultrasonic inspection techniques which produce images of features beneath the surface of a sample. Because ultrasonic energy requires continuity of materials to propagate, internal defects such as voids, delaminations and cracks interfere with the transmission and/or reflection of ultrasound signals. Since air is a very poor conductor of ultrasound, gaps within or between samples are easily visualized by the localized changes in the ultrasound.  1, record 46, English, - acoustic%20microscopy

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In order to obtain quantitative estimates of pollution potential, the following have been used as climatological indices of pollution potential :(i) Frequency of ground-based inversions,(ii) Strength of surface winds,(iii) Mixing height,(iv) Transport(or mixing layer) wind speed.  1, record 47, English, - transport%20wind%20speed

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In order to obtain quantitative estimates of pollution potential, the following have been used as climatological indices of pollution potential :(i) Frequency of ground-based inversions,(ii) Strength of surface winds....  1, record 48, English, - strength%20of%20surface%20winds

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In order to obtain quantitative estimates of pollution potential, the following have been used as climatological indices of pollution potential :(i) Frequency of ground-based inversions,(ii) Strength of surface winds....  1, record 49, English, - frequency%20of%20ground%2Dbased%20inversions

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In order to obtain quantitative estimates of pollution potential, the following have been used as climatological indices of pollution potential :(i) Frequency of ground-based inversions,(ii) Strength of surface winds,(iii) Mixing height,(iv) Transport(or mixing layer) wind speed.  1, record 50, English, - climatological%20index

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 DEF

of a surface, at a specified frequency, the fraction of the perpendicularly incident sound power absorbed or otherwise not reflected.  1, record 51, English, - normal%20incidence%20sound%20absorption%20coefficient

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

COEFFICIENT D'ABSORPTION EN INCIDENCE NORMALE (unités sans dimensions) d'une surface, à une fréquence donné : permet d'exprimer la fraction de la puissance acoustique absorbée ou non réfléchie d'un rayon sonore ayant un angle d'incidence de 90 °.  1, record 51, French, - coefficient%20d%27absorption%20en%20incidence%20normale

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dielectric strength test(test No. 1). A test voltage with a value of 2 kV r. m. s., practically sinusoidal in form, with a frequency between 45 and 65 Hz inclusive and supplied by a source with an apparent power of at least 500 VA, is applied for one minute between, firstly, all terminals interconnected between themselves, and secondly, a flat metal surface on which the meter base rests. For detachable type meters, the voltage is applied between the interconnected terminals, and the metal casing of the meter. No disruptive discharge must occur during the test.  2, record 52, English, - dielectric%20strength%20test

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Épreuve de rigidité diélectrique (essai no. 1). Une tension d'essai de valeur efficace 2 kV, pratiquement sinusoïdale, de fréquence comprise entre 45 et 65 Hz, fournie par une source d'une puissance apparente d'au moins 500 VA, est appliquée pendant une minute entre, d'une part, toutes les bornes reliées entre elles et, d'autre part, une surface métallique plane sur laquelle repose de socle du compteur. Pour les compteurs de type embrochable, la tension est appliquée entre les bornes reliées ensemble et l'enveloppe métallique du compteur. Pendant l'essai, aucune décharge disruptive ne doit se produire.  1, record 52, French, - %C3%A9preuve%20de%20rigidit%C3%A9%20di%C3%A9lectrique

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A strain gage that detects change in strain by measuring the change in frequency of a wire under tension whose length is changed by the strain of the surface on which the gage is attached. The frequency is measured by setting the wire vibrating with an electro-magnet and then measuring the frequency of vibration through an electro-magnetic pickup.  1, record 53, English, - vibrating%20wire%20gage

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Une jauge de déformation unitaire qui détecte un changement de déformation unitaire en mesurant le changement de fréquence d'un fil sous tension, dont la longueur est changée par la déformation unitaire de la surface sur laquelle la jauge est attachée. La fréquence est mesurée en mettant le fil en vibration avec un électro-aimant et en mesurant la fréquence de vibration à travers un enregistrement électro-magnétique.  1, record 53, French, - jauge%20%C3%A0%20fil%20vibrant

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Electrolytic conduction is the predominating factor in most rocks(...), being the only form of conduction when no minerals are present and the frequency is low. Thus a rock structure must be somewhat porous to permit current flow when metallic minerals are absent. Most rock minerals have a net negative charge at the interface between the rock surface and pore fluid. Consequently positive ions are attracted towards, negative repelled from, this interface;(...)  1, record 54, English, - membrane%20polarization

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS