TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An electric repower—sometimes referred to as an electric conversion or retrofit—involves [removing] a vehicle's internal combustion engine that runs on a fossil fuel like diesel, gasoline, propane or natural gas and replacing it with an electric drive system, transforming the vehicle to one that is fully battery-electric with no tailpipe emissions.  5, record 1, English, - electric%20retrofit

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Remplacement de la chaîne de traction thermique qui équipe un véhicule par une chaîne de traction électrique alimentée par des batteries ou par des piles à hydrogène.  1, record 1, French, - conversion%20%C3%A9lectrique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

conversion électrique : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 30 avril 2025.  2, record 1, French, - conversion%20%C3%A9lectrique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Instantaneous conversion ratio in a reactor, relative to the instantaneous conversion ratio in fuel of the same composition in some specified(usually thermal) neutron spectrum. [Definition standardized by ISO. ]  1, record 2, English, - relative%20conversion%20ratio

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The relative conversion ratio lends itself more readily to experimental determination than the absolute conversion ratio.  1, record 2, English, - relative%20conversion%20ratio

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

relative conversion ratio: term standardized by ISO.  3, record 2, English, - relative%20conversion%20ratio

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

RCR: abbreviation extracted from the “Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, record 2, English, - relative%20conversion%20ratio

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rapport de conversion instantané dans un réacteur, ramené au rapport de conversion instantané dans du combustible de même composition soumis à un flux de neutrons de spectre spécifié (habituellement thermique). [Définition normalisée par l'ISO.]  3, record 2, French, - rapport%20de%20conversion%20relatif

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le rapport de conversion relatif se prête plus aisément à une détermination expérimentale que le rapport de conversion absolu.  3, record 2, French, - rapport%20de%20conversion%20relatif

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

rapport de conversion relatif : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  4, record 2, French, - rapport%20de%20conversion%20relatif

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

taux de conversion relatif : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 2, French, - rapport%20de%20conversion%20relatif

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Since the conversion of the fuel to energy takes place via an electrochemical process, not combustion, a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is a zero-emissions vehicle that only emits water and heat as its waste products.  2, record 3, English, - hydrogen%20fuel%20cell%20vehicle

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Puisque la conversion du combustible en énergie se fait par procédé électrochimique, et non par combustion, un véhicule à pile à hydrogène n’émet aucune émission; ses seuls déchets sont de l'eau et la chaleur.  2, record 3, French, - v%C3%A9hicule%20%C3%A0%20pile%20%C3%A0%20combustible%20hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A physico-chemical conversion process provides a liquid fuel based on physical and chemical processes. The most important process so far is vegetable oil production from oil seed, and the esterification of this oil to fatty acid methyl ester as a substitute for diesel fuel. This technology is used on a large scale within Europe.  2, record 4, English, - physico%2Dchemical%20conversion%20process

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les procédés de conversion physico-chimique donnent lieu à un combustible liquide moyennant une série de processus physiques et chimiques. Le procédé le plus important utilisé de nos jours est la production d'huile végétale à partir de graines d'oléagineux et l'estérification de cette huile pour obtenir un ester méthylique d'acide gras (communément appelé biodiesel) pouvant servir de succédané du gazole (alimentation des moteurs diesel). Cette technologie est utilisée à grande échelle en Europe.  2, record 4, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20de%20conversion%20physico%2Dchimique

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A gaseous fuel that has been produced by the thermal or thermal-catalytic conversion of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons.  2, record 5, English, - cracked%20gas

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le craquage consiste à casser les chaînes carbonées des hydrocarbures de la charge pour obtenir des produits plus légers. On distingue : - Le craquage catalytique des gazoles lourds [...] L'hydrocraquage des gazoles lourds [...] La viscoréduction qui est un craquage thermique à 470 °C-480 °C permettant de réduire la viscosité des résidus de distillation. [...] La cokéfaction qui est un autre craquage thermique permettant d'obtenir du coke, des distillats liquides recyclables et du gaz de craquage.  2, record 5, French, - gaz%20de%20craquage

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

HTRs [high temperature reactors] have a high heavy nuclei conversion rate, due to the high neutron capture rate in the fuel. For example, core configurations using fertile matter(Th 232-U 233 cycle) with conversion factors close to 1(iso-generation of fissile material) have been studied.  1, record 6, English, - iso%2Dgeneration

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mode de fonctionnement d’un réacteur nucléaire dans lequel le facteur de conversion est égal à 1.  3, record 6, French, - isog%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conversion of a solid to a liquid by heat, or a gas into a liquid by cold or pressure.  2, record 7, English, - liquefaction

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... liquefaction, was historically linked to hydrogenation and other high-pressure(10-30 MPa) thermal decomposition processes which employed reactive hydrogen or carbon monoxide carrier gases to produce a liquid fuel from organics at moderate temperatures(300-400°C). However, over the past decade, liquefaction has often been used in the literature to encompass any thermochemical conversion process which primarily yields a liquid tar/oil product(pyrolysis is therefore included with hydrogenation as being "liquefaction").  3, record 7, English, - liquefaction

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Passage direct d'un corps à l'état liquide, soit à partir de l'état gazeux, soit à partir de l'état solide, soit à partir d'une suspension colloïdale (amidon).  1, record 7, French, - liqu%C3%A9faction

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Paso de un sólido o un gas al estado líquido.  3, record 7, Spanish, - licuefacci%C3%B3n

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Para licuar el aire, primero hay que comprimirlo con una bomba y hacerlo pasar por un tanque de enfriamiento. [...] el aire se enfría a -194°C, en que se licúa, y puede guardarse. [...] El mejor método de separar los gases del aire es la licuación del mismo.  4, record 7, Spanish, - licuefacci%C3%B3n

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Russia has both fast reactors and water reactors that can be used for burning MOX fuel. Fast reactors can use either pellet type fuel or vibro-compacted(vibro-packed) fuel. Vibro-packed fuel is made from plutonium oxide generated using a pyroelectrochemical conversion(molten salt) process. Both this conversion process and the vibro-compaction process for making fuel are relatively simple...  1, record 8, English, - vibrocompaction%20process

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[…] les Russes envisagent l’utilisation directe de poudres d’UO₂ et de PuO₂ ou aussi de poudres obtenues par coprécipitation₂ (U, Pu)O₂ pour le remplissage des crayons [combustibles] par vibrocompaction. La vibration imposée aux crayons combustibles emplis de poudres (de granulation convenable) permet de tasser (compacter) les poudres en question.  1, record 8, French, - vibrocompaction

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A nuclear reactor... which... features a fast-neutron spectrum and closed fuel cycle for efficient conversion of fertile uranium and management of actinides.  2, record 9, English, - gas%2Dcooled%20fast%20reactor

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réacteur à neutrons rapides dont le caloporteur est du gaz, généralement de l'hélium.  4, record 9, French, - r%C3%A9acteur%20rapide%20refroidi%20au%20gaz

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The conversion factor, when it is greater than [one].  2, record 10, English, - breeding%20ratio

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

conversion factor : In a converter reactor, the number of fissile atoms produced from the fertile material per fissile atom destroyed in the fuel.  2, record 10, English, - breeding%20ratio

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

breeding ratio: term standardized by ISO.  3, record 10, English, - breeding%20ratio

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rapport de conversion quand il est supérieur à 1.  1, record 10, French, - rapport%20de%20surg%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La graphie «sur-génération» ainsi que les termes «régénération» et «surrégénération» sont déconseillés.  4, record 10, French, - rapport%20de%20surg%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

rapport de surgénération : terme et définition mormalisés par l’ISO.  5, record 10, French, - rapport%20de%20surg%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The fuel can be converted into synthesis gas, a mix of CO and H, either by steam reforming(natural gas) in the presence of water, or by partial oxidation in the presence of oxygen. The CO in the mix reacts with the water during the shift conversion stage to form CO₂ and hydrogen. Thus, the CO₂ is separated from the hydrogen under good conditions(precombustion capture) and the hydrogen can be used to produce energy(electricity or heat) without emitting CO₂.  1, record 11, English, - partial%20oxidation%20in%20the%20presence%20of%20oxygen

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La technique de précombustion - Avec ce type de procédé, l'objectif est de capturer le carbone avant combustion, lors du processus de fabrication du combustible : il est converti en entrée d'installation en gaz de synthèse, un mélange de monoxyde de carbone et d'hydrogène. La technique utilisée est soit le vaporeformage de gaz naturel en présence d'eau, soit l'oxydation partielle en présence d'oxygène. Le CO, présent dans le mélange, réagit avec l'eau pour former du CO₂ et de l'hydrogène. Le CO₂ est alors séparé de l'hydrogène qui peut être utilisé pour produire de l'énergie sans émission de CO₂.  2, record 11, French, - oxydation%20partielle%20en%20pr%C3%A9sence%20d%27oxyg%C3%A8ne

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Energy derived from materials that would otherwise be wasted.  2, record 12, English, - energy%20from%20waste

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Refuse, crop remains, animal wastes and industrial wastes can provide heat or fuels through biological and chemical conversion processes.... Waste can be used directly as a combustion fuel by incineration, or may be used as a feedstock for the production of gaseous or liquid fuels.  2, record 12, English, - energy%20from%20waste

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Énergie de déchets. Les procédés de conversion chimique ou biologique peuvent permettre d'obtenir de la chaleur ou des combustibles à partir de déchets ou de rejets.  1, record 12, French, - %C3%A9nergie%20de%20d%C3%A9chets

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A number of wood waste fired boilers are being installed in B. C. While fuel quality wood waste is available in northern B. C. and northern Alberta, the conversion of energy systems to biomass in industries other than [greenhouse] has put a strain on wood waste supply.  2, record 13, English, - hog%20fuel%20boiler

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un certain nombre de chaudières à déchets de bois sont installées en Colombie-Britannique. Même si des déchets de bois de qualité sont disponibles dans le Nord de la Colombie-Britannique et dans le Nord de l'Alberta, la conversion des systèmes d'énergie en biomasse dans d'autres secteurs que celui des serres a resserré les stocks de déchets de bois.  3, record 13, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20d%C3%A9chets%20de%20bois

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Basically, the gasification of solid fuels takes place at elevated temperatures. The heat required for the heating and conversion, is either provided through partial combustion(autothermic process) or through supply of external heat(allothermic process). Compared to the autothermic gasification, the allothermic gasification has the advantage that the fuel does not have to be partially burned in the gasification zone, in order to provide the necessary heat. In the allothermic gasification, the heat can be provided from any external sources, such as for instance high-temperature core reactors, but also from combustion chambers, wherein a fraction of the gas product is burned.  3, record 14, English, - allothermal%20gasification

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Allothermal gasification requires the supply of externally generated heat since the reaction of biological raw material with steam into combustible gas is altogether endothermal.  4, record 14, English, - allothermal%20gasification

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il existe [...] la solution de la gazéification allothermique : on apporte de l'extérieur la chaleur nécessaire à la réaction endothermique de l'eau sur le charbon. On obtient ainsi un gaz à pouvoir calorifique élevé qui convient bien à l'alimentation des turbines à gaz commerciales.  2, record 14, French, - gaz%C3%A9ification%20allothermique

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thermochemical conversion denotes technologies that use elevated temperatures to convert the biomass materials by(a) direct combustion to produce heat;(b) pyrolysis to produce gas, pyrolytic liquids, chemicals and char;(c) gasification to produce low or intermediate joule value gas... and(d) liquefaction to produce heavy fuel oil or, with upgrading, lighter boiling liquid products used as distillates, light fuel oil or gasoline...  4, record 15, English, - thermochemical%20conversion

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus thermique et chimique par lesquels des substances riches en carbone sont transformées en produits chimiques intermédiaires pour produire de l'énergie, des carburants, des produits chimiques et des matériaux.  5, record 15, French, - conversion%20thermochimique

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mine-mouth plants ... are built adjacent to coal reserves, and power is then transported through a high voltage transmission system to load centres.  1, record 17, English, - mine%2Dmouth%20plant

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fiscal or regulatory programs to force coal conversion in new utility plants or to encourage conversion to coal in existing utility or industrial boilers will stimulate more "mine-mouth" installations. Especially in the West, the appearance of new mining sites in great abundance will add further incentives for this growth. "Mine-mouth generation" involves the building of(usually mammoth) electric utilities in close proximity to coal supplies. This assures generating plants a long-term dependable fuel supply essential to their economic viability...  5, record 17, English, - mine%2Dmouth%20plant

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Coal mine mouth plant.  3, record 17, English, - mine%2Dmouth%20plant

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Mine-mouth power plant.  6, record 17, English, - mine%2Dmouth%20plant

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Centrale alimentée au charbon située à l'entrée de la mine de Jerada.  1, record 17, French, - centrale%20situ%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20l%27entr%C3%A9e%20de%20la%20mine

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'usine serait implantée à proximité de la mine de Bull Mountain [...]  3, record 17, French, - centrale%20situ%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20l%27entr%C3%A9e%20de%20la%20mine

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 3 CONT

[...] des centrales au charbon situées à proximité des mines.  2, record 17, French, - centrale%20situ%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20l%27entr%C3%A9e%20de%20la%20mine

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conversion of biomass to a liquid fuel through a synthesis-gas intermediate step.  2, record 18, English, - indirect%20liquefaction

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The principal focus of research and development in the areas of gasification and indirect liquefaction has been the production of medium joule value gas, high joule value gas or substitute natural gas, and the conversion of the gas to a liquid fuel by indirect liquefaction to produce methanol or synthetic fuel(gasoline)...  3, record 18, English, - indirect%20liquefaction

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Théoriquement il suffit d'hydrogéner du charbon pour obtenir des produits pétroliers. Cet apport d'hydrogène peut être fait directement sur le charbon (liquéfaction directe) ou sur les gaz issus d'un gazéificateur (liquéfaction indirecte).  2, record 18, French, - liqu%C3%A9faction%20indirecte

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Another innovation is the back-surface reflector(BSR). Even in photovoltaic devices operating at theoretical maximum efficiency, less than 40% of the light to which it is sensitive is absorbed by the cell and converted to electricity. The rest travels through unabsorbed and becomes a system loss. However, the BSR reflects this light back through the cell for a second pass, which greatly increases the conversion efficiency. Also, the BSR reflects radiation to which the cell is not sensitive. This radiation is called out-of-band radiation, and cannot be converted to electricity with this given material bandgap. By reflecting the out-of-band radiation back through the cell, it passes back out the front to the heat source where it is recycled.(Essentially, it helps keep the heat source hot so less fuel is required.)  2, record 21, English, - back%20surface%20reflector

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On réduit l'échauffement de ces photopiles en réalisant un réflecteur dans le contact arrière [...], ce qui favorise aussi la création de porteurs de charge aux longueurs d'onde voisines de celle correspondant au seuil d'absorption intrinsèque, en augmentant leur trajet optique. On obtient le réflecteur par une métallisation à l'aluminium; le contact arrière est constitué d'un dépôt multicouche : Al-Ti-Pd-Ag.  1, record 21, French, - r%C3%A9flecteur%20dans%20le%20contact%20arri%C3%A8re

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The Energy conversion in which fuel is consumed to generate heat energy which is converted to mechanical energy and then to electricity in a generator.  2, record 22, English, - thermal%20generation

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Normally, the fuel may be coal, oil, gas, or uranium (nuclear).  2, record 22, English, - thermal%20generation

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The provinces most adversely affected by this change in the pattern of thermal generation are Alberta and Saskatchewan where we estimate SO2 and NOx emissions to have increased by 24% since 1980.  3, record 22, English, - thermal%20generation

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conversion d'énergie où le combustible sert à produire de la chaleur qui est ensuite elle-même convertie en énergie mécanique, puis en électricité dans une génératrice.  3, record 22, French, - production%20thermique

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il s'agit, en général, de charbon, de pétrole, de gaz ou d'uranium.  3, record 22, French, - production%20thermique

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conversion of liquid fuel under high pressure into a high velocity spray(s) of very small droplets.  1, record 23, English, - atomization

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Transformation du combustible liquide sous haute pression en jet(s) de très fines gouttelettes à haute vitesse.  1, record 23, French, - pulv%C3%A9risation

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A nuclear reactor that produces some fissionable fuel, but less than it consumes.  1, record 24, English, - converter%20reactor

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In some usages, a reactor that produces a fissionable material different from the fuel burned, regardless of the ratio. The process is known as conversion in both usages.  1, record 24, English, - converter%20reactor

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] réacteur transformant du matériau fertile qui ne peut pas subir la fission en matériau fissible.  1, record 24, French, - convertisseur

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En général, le réacteur consomme de l'uranium 235, fissible et contient également de l'uranium 238, non fissible. L'uranium 238 est transformé en plutonium 239 par absorption de neutrons. Le plutonium 239 est fissible et peut être utilisé comme combustible dans un nouveau réacteur.  1, record 24, French, - convertisseur

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The conversion of coal into liquid hydrocarbon fuel.  2, record 25, English, - coal%20liquefaction

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The various liquefaction processes fundamentally involve reducing the carbon to hydrogen weight ratio of the coal either by adding hydrogen or by removing part of the carbon as coke or carbon dioxide. The by-products of coal liquefaction range from waxes and heavy oils to light gasolines and gases, depending on the process and amount of hydrogen employed.  2, record 25, English, - coal%20liquefaction

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

liquefaction. Also, erroneously, liquifaction.  3, record 25, English, - coal%20liquefaction

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Transformation du charbon naturel en produits hydrocarbonés liquides (pétroles synthétiques, carburants lubrifiants) par action de l'hydrogène.  2, record 25, French, - liqu%C3%A9faction%20du%20charbon

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A common unit employed to enable oil, gas, nuclear and hydroelectricity, hard coal, brown coal and other forms of energy to be directly compared from the point of view of their fuel value; conversion of fuels to their coal equivalents depends mainly, but not necessarily exclusively, on their calorific value.  2, record 26, English, - tonne%20of%20coal%20equivalent

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Unité employée en science économique pour comparer les quantités d'énergie provenant du charbon, du pétrole, du gaz naturel, de l'électricité.  1, record 26, French, - tonne%20%C3%A9quivalent%20charbon

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Une tonne de charbon équivaut à environ 7500 kWh mais, pour tenir compte du rendement des centrales thermiques qui est de l'ordre de 40 %, on écrit généralement 1 tec=3000 kWh.  1, record 26, French, - tonne%20%C3%A9quivalent%20charbon

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Boilers may be grouped into classes based on working pressure and temperature, fuel used, shape and size, usage (such as heating or process), steam or water, and in many other ways.  1, record 27, English, - fuel%20burning%20boiler

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

By Fuel Used. Boilers may be designed to burn coal, wood, various grades of fuel oil, various types of fuel gas, or to operate as electric boilers. A boiler designed for one specific fuel type may not be convertible to another type of fuel. Some boiler designs can be adapted to burn coal, oil or gas. Several designs allow firing with oil or gas by burner conversion or by using a dual fuel burner.... Efficiency of fuel burning boilers is defined in two ways : combustion efficiency and overall efficiency. Electric boilers are, of course, nearly 100% efficient in transferring heat within the boiler.  1, record 27, English, - fuel%20burning%20boiler

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chaudières à combustibles. Elles comprennent : -une alimentation en combustible : porte de chargement ou alimentation automatique en charbon, arrivée du fuel ou du gaz; -un organe de combustion, grille à charbon, ou brûleur à fuel ou à gaz; -une entrée d'air; -une évacuation des fumées et des cendres; -une jaquette d'eau, pour les chaudières à eau chaude, ou une jaquette d'air pour les chaudières à air chaud; -une jaquette calorifugée destinée à limiter les pertes dans la chaufferie; -des organes de contrôle et de régulation.  1, record 27, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20combustible

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chaudière : Certains auteurs incluent l'air dans les types de fluide caloporteur de la chaudière. En général, on réserve ce terme pour désigner l'appareil utilisant l'eau ou la vapeur comme fluide caloporteur.  2, record 27, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20combustible

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Energy Self-Sufficiency through Total Residue Utilization by Conversion to Energy and Production of Marketable Fuel.  1, record 28, English, - marketable%20fuel

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish