TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[The fuel] below the litter layer of the forest floor that normally supports smouldering or [the] glowing combustion associated with ground fires ...  2, record 1, English, - ground%20fuel

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Examples of ground fuel include duff, roots, buried punky wood and peat.  3, record 1, English, - ground%20fuel

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Combustible] situé au-dessous de la litière alimentant les feux de profondeur.  2, record 1, French, - combustible%20de%20profondeur

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les caractéristiques associées à un risque élevé à extrême de feu de végétation comprennent la végétation qui a subi des dommages causés par une tempête ou des insectes ou qui est malade, des arbres qui poussent près les uns des autres (forte densité) dans des forêts de conifères et une importante accumulation de combustibles de profondeur (p. ex., une grande quantité de débris ligneux, de branches et [...] de litière d'aiguilles sur le sol).  3, record 1, French, - combustible%20de%20profondeur

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A product used for heat production, constructed by compressing pulverized dry biomass materials from plants and trees, usually sawdust, ground wood chips or wood flour.  2, record 2, English, - wood%20pellet

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The wood pellets are made by compacting the feedstock through small holes in a die. Die holes are round and the pellets are pushed from the inside out by rollers. The pellets are formed as a continuous "rod" and cut to length by a knife at the periphery of the die.  4, record 2, English, - wood%20pellet

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

wood pellet; fuel wood pellet; wood fuel pellet : terms generally used in the plural.  5, record 2, English, - wood%20pellet

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

wood pellet: term standardized by Environment Canada and the Translation Bureau for use in the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Report.  6, record 2, English, - wood%20pellet

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Produit utilisé pour la production de chaleur et constitué de petits cylindres obtenus par compression de biomasse sèche [et] pulvérisée provenant d'arbres ou d'autres végétaux, généralement composé de sciure, de copeaux de bois pulvérisés ou de farine de bois.  5, record 2, French, - granul%C3%A9%20de%20bois

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

granule : Même s'il est utilisé au féminin par certains auteurs, le terme «granule» est considéré comme substantif masculin par les dictionnaires généraux.  6, record 2, French, - granul%C3%A9%20de%20bois

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

pastille de bois : terme parfois utilisé au sens de «granulé de bois». Le terme «pastille» a généralement une forme «ronde» alors que le «granulé de bois» est un bâtonnet de bois et a donc une forme allongée.  6, record 2, French, - granul%C3%A9%20de%20bois

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

granulé de bois; granule de bois; pastille de bois; pellet : termes habituellement utilisés au pluriel.  7, record 2, French, - granul%C3%A9%20de%20bois

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 4 OBS

granulé de bois : terme publié au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 août 2015.  8, record 2, French, - granul%C3%A9%20de%20bois

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 5 OBS

granule de bois : terme normalisé par Environnement Canada et le Bureau de la traduction dans le cadre de l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques.  9, record 2, French, - granul%C3%A9%20de%20bois

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Oil and solid fuel heating mechanics install and maintain oil, coal and wood heating systems in residential and commercial buildings. They are employed by heating systems installation and service companies.  1, record 3, English, - Oil%20and%20solid%20fuel%20heating%20mechanics

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

7331: classification system code in the National Occupational Classification.  2, record 3, English, - Oil%20and%20solid%20fuel%20heating%20mechanics

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les installateurs de brûleurs à l'huile et à combustibles solides installent et entretiennent des appareils de chauffage à l'huile, au charbon et au bois dans des bâtiments à usage commercial et résidentiel. Ils travaillent pour des compagnies de service et d'installation de systèmes de chauffage.  1, record 3, French, - Installateurs%2Finstallatrices%20de%20br%C3%BBleurs%20%C3%A0%20l%27huile%20et%20%C3%A0%20combustibles%20solides

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

7331 : code du système de classification de la Classification nationale des professions.  2, record 3, French, - Installateurs%2Finstallatrices%20de%20br%C3%BBleurs%20%C3%A0%20l%27huile%20et%20%C3%A0%20combustibles%20solides

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Forests represent an important source of food, fodder, fuel wood and timber.  1, record 4, English, - source%20of%20food

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les forêts représentent une importante source de nourriture, de fourrage, de bois de chauffage et de bois d’œuvre.  1, record 4, French, - source%20de%20nourriture

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tire-derived fuel(TDF) is composed of shredded scrap tires. Tires may be mixed with coal or other fuels, such as wood or chemical wastes, to be burned in concrete kilns, power plants, or paper mills.  1, record 5, English, - tire%2Dderived%20fuel

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La récupération de l'énergie est une autre option pour la transformation des pneus hors d'usage. Lorsqu'ils sont brûlés comme combustible, les pneus produisent des émissions de CO2 plus élevées que le pétrole et le gaz naturel, mais inférieures à celles du charbon. Dans les fours à ciment, l'utilisation de pneus entiers comme combustible dérivé des pneus (CDP) remplace non seulement des combustibles fossiles, mais contribue aussi à la production du ciment.  1, record 5, French, - combustible%20d%C3%A9riv%C3%A9%20de%20pneus

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Boiler Classifications] By Fuel Used. Boilers may be designed to burn coal, wood, various grades of fuel oil, various types of fuel gas, or to operate as electric boilers. A boiler designed for one specific fuel type may not be convertible to another type of fuel. Some boiler designs can be adapted to burn coal, oil or gas.... Coal-fired heating boilers have generally been unavailable due to lack of demand; however, recent demand has resulted in the re-introduction of coal-fired designs.  2, record 6, English, - coal%2Dfired%20boiler

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

coal-fired boiler: term standardized by Environment Canada and the Translation Bureau for use in the Black Carbon Inventory.  4, record 6, English, - coal%2Dfired%20boiler

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chaudières à charbon. [...] Elles comportent : un foyer constitué par une grille supportant le combustible et au-dessous, un récipient pour recueillir les cendres, le cendrier. Le foyer est entouré par une enveloppe à double paroi (échangeur) qui contient le fluide chauffant. Le combustible, brûlant dans le foyer, transmet sa chaleur au fluide par l'intermédiaire des parois.  3, record 6, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20charbon

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

générateur; chaudière : Certains auteurs semblent employer indifféremment ces termes, peu importe l'importance de l'appareil. Cependant, de façon générale, «générateur» serait réservé aux «appareils de chauffage de très grande importance»; dans d'autres cas, le terme «générateur», prendrait le sens général «d'appareil qui produit de la chaleur».  4, record 6, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20charbon

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

chaudière à charbon : terme normalisé par Environnement Canada et le Bureau de la traduction dans le cadre de l'inventaire de carbone noir.  5, record 6, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20charbon

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fuel wood combustion : term standardized by Environment Canada and the Translation Bureau for use in the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Report.  3, record 7, English, - wood%20combustion

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

combustion de bois : terme normalisé par Environnement Canada et le Bureau de la traduction dans le cadre de l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques.  2, record 7, French, - combustion%20de%20bois

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In punky wood or duff, a slow-spreading, smoldering, but persistent fire will result; in grass, dead needles, and other fine litter a flaming, fast-spreading, but transient fire will burn.... The development of fuel-type maps must take into account all these potentials of the fuel combinations on the ground.  1, record 8, English, - fuel%2Dtype%20map

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'établissement de la carte des types de combustibles implique des différences dans le comportement du feu entre les divers types, mais ces différences ne sont pas évaluées. La connaissance de l'endroit où sont situés les types de combustibles est utile car elle permet de savoir où il faut accentuer la détection des feux pendant les périodes critiques.  1, record 8, French, - carte%20des%20types%20de%20combustibles

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustion of a material in the solid phase without flame but with emission of light from the combustion zone.  3, record 9, English, - glowing%20combustion

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Flaming combustion burns wood fuel gases. It is the burning of the gases that produces the flame. The radiant heat of flaming combustion also preheats and pre-ignites unburned wood. Glowing combustion occurs only in cooler sections of the fire. It is the same chemical reaction as flaming combustion but burns wood fuel solids. Some of the wood glows red with glowing combustion. Sometimes flaming combustion proceeds until only ash, water and carbon dioxide remain; at other times wood cools off enough to stop burning before all the charcoal is consumed.  4, record 9, English, - glowing%20combustion

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

There was more residue left for both samples at the end of flaming combustion than at the end of the test, but glowing combustion (surface oxidative combustion) consumed some of the residues during the two minutes non-flaming exposure.  2, record 9, English, - glowing%20combustion

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

glowing combustion: term and definition standardized by ISO.  5, record 9, English, - glowing%20combustion

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustion d'un matériau, à l'état solide, sans flamme mais avec émission de lumière émanant de la zone de combustion.  1, record 9, French, - incandescence%20avec%20combustion

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

incandescence : Émission de rayonnement visible d'origine thermique.  4, record 9, French, - incandescence%20avec%20combustion

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Si la réaction [de combustion] est assez rapide, le dégagement de chaleur est suffisant pour que le corps combustible soit porté à l'incandescence; on dit qu'il y a «combustion vive» [...]. Si l'oxydation est assez lente pour que la chaleur dégagée se dissipe sans échauffer notablement le corps combustible, on dit qu'il y a «combustion lente», appelée plus communément oxydation [...]  4, record 9, French, - incandescence%20avec%20combustion

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

incandescence avec combustion : terme normalisé par l'ISO mais mal formé; définition normalisée par l'ISO.  5, record 9, French, - incandescence%20avec%20combustion

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustión de un material en la fase sólida sin llama pero con emisión de luz de la zona de combustión.  1, record 9, Spanish, - combusti%C3%B3n%20incandescente

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Wood and biomass recovered from forests and trees for use in creating fuel.  2, record 10, English, - wood%20energy%20feedstock

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bois et biomasse récupérés provenant des forêts et des arbres et utilisés pour la production de combustible.  2, record 10, French, - mati%C3%A8re%20premi%C3%A8re%20de%20dendro%C3%A9nergie

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Woodfuel produced where the raw material has not previously had another use.  2, record 11, English, - forest%20fuel

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Forest fuel is produced directly from forest wood by a mechanical process.  2, record 11, English, - forest%20fuel

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustible ligneux produit à partir d'une matière première qui n'a pas servi à un quelconque usage auparavant.  2, record 11, French, - combustible%20forestier

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le combustible forestier est produit directement à partir de bois forestier par un procédé mécanique.  2, record 11, French, - combustible%20forestier

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Wood-round, cleft or sawn, and generally otherwise refuse material-cut into short lengths or hogged(hog fuel) for burning.  2, record 12, English, - fuelwood

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Most wood fuel is used in the less developed southern countries...  6, record 12, English, - fuelwood

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

firewood: term used by Parks Canada.  7, record 12, English, - fuelwood

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bois (ûches fendues ou sciées, rondins, etc.), utilisé à des fins de chauffage.  6, record 12, French, - bois%20de%20chauffage

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bois de feu; bois à brûler : termes en usage à Parcs Canada.  7, record 12, French, - bois%20de%20chauffage

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Madera utilizada como combustible procedente de residuos de elaboraciones diversas. Comprende ramas, raberones, trozas defectuosas o pequeñas, desperdicios de madera y pies cortados especialmente para ello, en largos adecuados a los hornos y hogares.  1, record 12, Spanish, - le%C3%B1a

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any kind of sustenance, particularly wood, a reasonable amount of which any tenant for years or for life of freehold may by common right take from the land for fuel or repairs.(The Oxford Companion to Law, 1980, p. 433).  1, record 13, English, - bote

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bois d'affouage; estouviers : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 13, French, - bois%20d%27affouage

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A wood or a wood product that has had its surface-burning characteristics, such as flame spread, rate of fuel contribution and density of smoke developed, reduced by impregnation with fire-retardant chemicals.  2, record 14, English, - fire%2Dretardant%20treated%20wood

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fire-retardant treated wood: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  3, record 14, English, - fire%2Dretardant%20treated%20wood

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bois ou dérivé du bois dont les caractéristiques de combustion en surface, telles que la propagation de la flamme, la vitesse de combustion et la densité de fumée produite, ont été réduites par imprégnation de substances chimiques ignifugeantes.  2, record 14, French, - bois%20ignifug%C3%A9

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bois ignifugé : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques du Nouveau Brunswick.  3, record 14, French, - bois%20ignifug%C3%A9

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A binary compound of hydrogen and oxygen, empirical formula H₂O₂, used mostly in dilute aqueous solutions as an oxidizing agent [and of which the] most remarkable feature is its tendency to decompose readily into water and oxygen, the first instance of contact analysis.  6, record 15, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Use : Bleaching and deodorizing of textiles, wood pulp, hair, fur, etc. ;source of organic and inorganic peroxides; pulp and paper industry; plasticizers; rocket fuel; foam rubber; manufacture of glycerol; antichlor; dyeing; electroplating; antiseptic; laboratory reagent; epoxidation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and reduction; viscosity control for starch and cellulose derivatives; refining and cleaning metals; bleaching and oxidizing agent in foods; neutralizing agent in wine distillation; seed disinfectant; substitute for chlorine in water and sewage treatment.  7, record 15, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Also known under a large number of commercial designations, such as: Albone; Hioxyl; Inhibine; Interox; Kastone; Oxydol; Perhydrol (hydroxide peroxide 30%, q.v.); Perone; Peroxan; Superoxol.  8, record 15, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 3 OBS

hydrogen peroxide: Refers to the anhydrous form (i.e. "anhydrous hydrogen peroxide"), but the term is also commonly used for hydrogen peroxide solutions (marketed as solutions in water concentrations of 3 to 90% by weight). See also "hydrogen peroxide solution."  9, record 15, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 4 OBS

hydrogen peroxide: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).  2, record 15, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 5 OBS

peroxide: This term is used in common usage as an abbreviation for "hydrogen peroxide" but must not be considered as a true synonym of this latter term in a systematic sense; it does not correspond to the CAS number for "hydrogen peroxide."  2, record 15, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 6 OBS

Molecular formula: H₂O₂; Structural formula: H—O—O—H  7, record 15, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] espèce chimique [de] formule H₂O₂ [qui] se présente sous la forme d'un liquide bleu pâle sirupeux, qui se solidifie à -0,46 °C et qui est nettement plus dense que l'eau [...]  6, record 15, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On distingue notamment : a) l'eau oxygénée concentrée, solution aqueuse acide contenant 30 % en poids de peroxyde d'hydrogène, utilisée avec précautions contre certaines lésions de la peau; b) l'eau oxygénée officinale, contenant environ 3 % en poids (8 à 12 % en volume) de peroxyde d'hydrogène, utilisée comme hémostatique et comme désinfectant. L'eau oxygénée concentrée à 20 volumes est utilisée pour la décoloration des cheveux.  7, record 15, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

On ne peut faire bouillir l'eau oxygénée pure sous la pression atmosphérique normale, car le liquide se décompose auparavant; il est en effet thermodynamiquement instable à la température ordinaire [...]  6, record 15, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On appelle ordinairement eau oxygénée les mélanges d'eau et de peroxyde d'hydrogène.  6, record 15, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

peroxyde d'hydrogène : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée).  2, record 15, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 3 OBS

peroxyde : Ce terme est utilisé dans la vie courante comme abréviation de «peroxyde d'hydrogène», mais n'est pas un synonyme de ce dernier terme au sens strict; ce nom ne correspond pas au numéro CAS (du Chemical Abstracts Service) pour le peroxyde d'hydrogène. La prudence s'impose donc dans son emploi. Voir aussi l'autre fiche pour «peroxyde».  2, record 15, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 4 OBS

À une concentration de 30 % il est commercialisé sous le nom de «Perhydrol» (voir aussi cette fiche).  8, record 15, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Formule chimique : H₂O₂  8, record 15, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Líquido incoloro, insoluble en alcohol y agua. Las soluciones concentradas son tóxicas e irritantes. Riesgo de explosión. Agente oxidante.  3, record 15, Spanish, - per%C3%B3xido%20de%20hidr%C3%B3geno

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Fórmula química: H₂O₂  4, record 15, Spanish, - per%C3%B3xido%20de%20hidr%C3%B3geno

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Heating system using oil, gas, coal or wood fuel.  1, record 16, English, - direct%2Dfired%20heating%20system

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A process "used by Shell Canada Ltd" for converting wood waste into industrial fuel.  1, record 17, English, - Woodex%26trade%3B

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A trademark of Shell Canada Ltd.  1, record 17, English, - Woodex%26trade%3B

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Woodex^MC : Marque de commerce de Shell Canada Ltd.  1, record 17, French, - Woodex

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The central wood furnace is a third alternative to conventional oil, gas or electric heating. Unlike the wood stove, it is a device designed to take on the larger fraction of the home heat load, although a back-up source-for example, an electric plenum heater-will generally be added on... recently developed furnaces use wood chips or pellets rather than firewood, to allow for a much easier distribution and loading of the fuel.  2, record 18, English, - central%20wood%20furnace

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chaudières combinées au bois et au mazout ou au bois et à l'électricité ainsi que les chaudières d'appoint comptent parmi les appareils de chauffage central au bois les plus populaires [...]  3, record 18, French, - appareil%20de%20chauffage%20central%20au%20bois

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A number of wood waste fired boilers are being installed in B. C. While fuel quality wood waste is available in northern B. C. and northern Alberta, the conversion of energy systems to biomass in industries other than [greenhouse] has put a strain on wood waste supply.  2, record 19, English, - hog%20fuel%20boiler

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un certain nombre de chaudières à déchets de bois sont installées en Colombie-Britannique. Même si des déchets de bois de qualité sont disponibles dans le Nord de la Colombie-Britannique et dans le Nord de l'Alberta, la conversion des systèmes d'énergie en biomasse dans d'autres secteurs que celui des serres a resserré les stocks de déchets de bois.  3, record 19, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20d%C3%A9chets%20de%20bois

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... process of pyrolysis of vegetable waste(agricultural residues, wild-grown biomass), which transforms it into green charcoal. That domestic fuel performs the same as charcoal made from wood, but at half the cost.  4, record 20, English, - green%20charcoal

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le charbon vert est du charbon qui est produit sans bois, à partir de tout déchet végétal. En effet, il existe de nombreux rejets et résidus qui ne sont ni consommés ni utilisés: pailles diverses, restes de cultures tels les tiges de coton, de mil, de roseau, etc. Le produit se présente sous forme de briquettes faciles à utiliser et sans dégagement de méthane.  3, record 20, French, - charbon%20vert

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le charbon de biomasse est pratiquement 2 fois moins cher que le charbon de bois.  4, record 20, French, - charbon%20vert

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Wood, used for fuel, that has been air dried so that it contains 15 to 20 percent moisture content(wet basis).  3, record 21, English, - seasoned%20wood

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Wood that has been dried to a certain moisture content to improve its serviceability.  4, record 21, English, - seasoned%20wood

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

According to the grading standards of the Western Wood Products Association, seasoned softwood lumber is defined as having a moisture content of 19 percent (ovendry basis) or less (17).  4, record 21, English, - seasoned%20wood

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bois qui a été soumis au séchage naturel ou artificiel.  2, record 21, French, - bois%20dess%C3%A9ch%C3%A9

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of biomass combustion burner in which a pile of fuel burns on the grates.  2, record 22, English, - pile%20burner

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Primary combustion air comes from above the grates, not below.  2, record 22, English, - pile%20burner

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The boilers are fed wood fuel from the main fuel bin located adjacent to the boiler house. The boilers are the "pile burner" type, which burn wood in a large pile on the floor of a refractory lined furnace box. Combustion efficiency with this type of boiler is generally low but pile burners are simple and therefore relatively inexpensive. Low combustion efficiency also means that emissions such as particulates and carbon monoxide are relatively high. One notable advantage to these systems is that high moisture content fuels can be burned as well as "dirty" fuels containing debris.  3, record 22, English, - pile%20burner

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Pile burner : Boilers incorporating a pile burning design find applications where the anticipated wood fuel has a high(up to 65%) relative moisture content, as is found in whole green tree chips, bark, and green mill residue. Grates serve to support the fuel, and underfire air flowing up through the grates provides oxygen for combustion, cools the grates, promotes turbulence in the fuel bed, and dries the fuel. The most common form of pile burning is the Dutch oven, which was used almost exclusively during the early part of the century(Guinn and Turner 1990).  4, record 22, English, - pile%20burner

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le combustible de bois sec est mélangé à de la sciure de bois vert afin de produire un mélange de combustible qui convienne aux brûleurs de biomasse [...]  1, record 22, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20de%20biomasse

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A fuel which is used in the form in which it is mined or obtained; for example, coal, lignite, peat, wood, mineral oil, natural gas.  5, record 23, English, - raw%20fuel

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The terms "run-of-mine fuel", "fuel as mined" and "as-mined fuel" are used only for coal and lignite.  6, record 23, English, - raw%20fuel

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Charcoal is one of the best kinds of fuel to use when open fires are not permitted or when it is against the law for wood to be gathered. Charcoal briquets are good for grilling meat, for cooking foil meals, for spit or stick cooking, and for the Dutch oven. Charcoal briquets should never be burned in a closed area.  3, record 24, English, - charcoal%20briquet

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] élever au centre du foyer une pyramide de briquettes de charbon d'environ 12 pouces de diamètre et de 5 à 6 pouces de hauteur. Utiliser un peu d'essence d'allumage en suivant les instructions du fabricant. [...] Le feu doit couver 30 à 40 minutes ou jusqu'à ce que les briquettes soient toutes couvertes de cendre : elles sont alors prêtes pour la cuisson.  2, record 24, French, - briquette%20de%20charbon

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Briquette de charbon de bois.  3, record 24, French, - briquette%20de%20charbon

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A single furnace unit designed to burn more than one type of fuel or energy source(electricity, gas, oil or wood) either separately or simultaneously, using either separate or common combustion chambers and flues.  2, record 25, English, - combination%20furnace

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Générateur de chaleur autonome conçu pour brûler plusieurs types de combustibles ou fonctionner avec plusieurs sources d'énergie (électricité, gaz ou bois), soit séparément soit simultanément, en utilisant des chambres de combustion et des conduits de cheminée distincts ou communs.  1, record 25, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20de%20chaleur%20mixte

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Biomass fuel that has been prepared by processing through a "hog" - a mechanical shredder or grinder.  3, record 26, English, - hog%20fuel

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

If produced by primary forest industries, it usually consists of a mixture of bark and wood often with sawdust, shavings or sludge mixed in and is generally wet and fibrous with a high ash content. Also produced from secondary materials such as pallets, construction or demolition wood yielding a dry, mostly wood fuel but often with significant contaminant inorganics.  3, record 26, English, - hog%20fuel

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

hog fuel: term standardized by ISO.  4, record 26, English, - hog%20fuel

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Biomasse combustible produite par un déchiqueteur ou un broyeur mécanique.  3, record 26, French, - combustible%20de%20d%C3%A9chets%20de%20bois

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

S'ils sont produits par les industries forestières du secteur primaire, il s'agit habituellement d'un mélange d'écorce et de bois comportant souvent de la sciure ou des rognures de bois et de la boue, généralement humide et fibreux, et à forte teneur en cendres. Ils sont aussi produits à partir de matières du secteur secondaire comme des palettes, du bois de construction ou de démolition, qui donnent surtout du bois combustibles sec, mais qui contiennent souvent de grandes quantités de contaminants inorganiques.  3, record 26, French, - combustible%20de%20d%C3%A9chets%20de%20bois

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

On trouvera le terme «déchets ligneux industriels» dans «Valorisation de la biomasse» publié par «Électricité de France» en 1981, pages 170-171.  4, record 26, French, - combustible%20de%20d%C3%A9chets%20de%20bois

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The feces or excrement of animals and birds.  1, record 27, English, - dung

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Wood, peat and animal dung constituted the main forms of solid fuel for developed countries, domestic and commercial use until the technology of deep coal mining permitted its widespread use.  3, record 27, English, - dung

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Excrément solide (crottin, bouse, crotte, etc.) ou liquide (urine, pissat) d'un animal.  1, record 27, French, - d%C3%A9jections%20animales

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fumier des animaux : le terme fumier (en anglais : «manure», aussi «dung») se rapporte aux excréments en putréfaction pouvant servir d'engrais. C'est un spécifique dans le présent contexte.  3, record 27, French, - d%C3%A9jections%20animales

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 OBS

déjection : Au singulier, ce terme se rapporte à l'évacuation des matières fécales par l'intestin. Au pluriel (sens plus courant), ce terme désigne les matières évacuées. (d'après le Grand Robert).  3, record 27, French, - d%C3%A9jections%20animales

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Warm Air Central Heating Systems. A warm air heating system, fueled by gas, electricity, oil or wood, does two jobs. First, heat is produced by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber or through electrical resistance. Second, heat is transferred through the heat exchanger and the distribution system to the living areas of the house.  1, record 28, English, - warm%20air%20central%20heating%20system

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sistema de [calefacción que] consiste en un calorífero central que calienta aire y lo distribuye mediante bocas de distribución abiertas en las paredes de las habitaciones.  1, record 28, Spanish, - calefacci%C3%B3n%20central%20por%20aire%20caliente

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Complex oxygen-containing organic substance that, with cellulose, forms the chief constituent of wood. It is the second only to cellulose as the most abundant organic material on Earth, though very little of it has found any application other than as a fuel. It is a mixture of complex, apparently polymeric compounds of poorly known structure.  2, record 29, English, - lignin

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The lignin molecules are probably linked covalently to polysaccharides of the cell wall matrix. The separation of lignin from other constituents (cellulose and hemicellulose) is a major problem that prevents the easy use of the very large amounts of agricultural and forestry wastes, which are generally available at low cost, as substrates for microbial growth.  3, record 29, English, - lignin

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Macromolécule réticulée complexe qui résulte de l'association de différents monomères de type phénylpropane, par exemple l'alcool coniférylique. C'est le constituant fondamental du bois.  2, record 29, French, - lignine

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La lignine est un polymère «retors», résistant aux dégradations enzymatiques. Mais elle est avec la cellulose, la plus abondante source de matière première. La dégrader pour en faire un substrat adapté à la production de biocarburants par fermentation est un des buts des recherches actuelles.  3, record 29, French, - lignine

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Componente de la madera más abundante después de la celulosa, localizado principalmente en la laminilla media.  2, record 29, Spanish, - lignina

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The dark or black carbonaceous organic residue remaining after the incomplete combustion of organic fuel(coal, wood, oil, etc.).  2, record 30, English, - soot

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Soot gives smoke its colour.  3, record 30, English, - soot

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The ability to attract other substances makes soot not only prevalent, but dangerous.  4, record 30, English, - soot

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Particules solides, riches en carbone et résultant d'une combustion incomplète, en suspension dans les gaz de combustion.  3, record 30, French, - suies

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Leur dépôt sur les parois des conduits constitue «la suie».  3, record 30, French, - suies

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le terme anglais «soot» sert aussi bien à rendre la notion de particules solides (suies) que celle du dépôt de ces particules (suie).  4, record 30, French, - suies

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aglomeraciones de partículas ricas en carbono formadas durante la combustión incompleta de productos gaseosos.  1, record 30, Spanish, - holl%C3%ADn

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The relationship of hydrogen to carbon usually as atomic ratio, such that H/C for methane, CH₄, is 4.  4, record 31, English, - hydrogen%2Fcarbon%20ratio

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The gas chromatograph could not be used to quantify water and heavy hydrocarbons. Therefore, we used the hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C) ratio to obtain an atom balance and approximate a mass balance.  5, record 31, English, - hydrogen%2Fcarbon%20ratio

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The driving force in substitutions between primary energies is twofold. On one hand we have the economies of scale involved in the technology and distribution infrastructures of each energy source. On the other hand we have the fact that during the last 200 years, the fuel mix of the world's primary energy sources has evolved toward "lighter" forms, i. e., fuel forms richer in hydrogen. The hydrogen/carbon(H/C) ratio increased from wood(H/C=0. 1) to coal(H/C=1) to oil(H/C=2) to natural gas(H/C=4).  6, record 31, English, - hydrogen%2Fcarbon%20ratio

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

H/C: This might be an in-house or a non-recognized abbreviation; not to be used alone, to avoid any risk of confusion.  7, record 31, English, - hydrogen%2Fcarbon%20ratio

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rapport atomique entre le carbone et l'hydrogène.  3, record 31, French, - rapport%20carbone%2Fhydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le rapport carbone/hydrogène dans toutes les planètes géantes et, semble-t-il, le rapport azote/hydrogène dans Jupiter et Saturne sont plus élevés que dans le Soleil.  4, record 31, French, - rapport%20carbone%2Fhydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La lutte contre la pollution passe par des motorisations un peu nouvelles comme les hybrides, ces moteurs avec une composante électrique variable. [...] Le gaz naturel semble [...] prometteur; sa formule chimique CH₄ lui confère un bon rapport carbone/hydrogène, favorable à la lutte contre l'effet de serre, mais il se heurte aujourd'hui à des problèmes de stockage et de distribution.  5, record 31, French, - rapport%20carbone%2Fhydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Recours à des combustibles de substitution (abaissement du rapport carbone/hydrogène (C/H), énergies renouvelables) [...]  6, record 31, French, - rapport%20carbone%2Fhydrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

C/H : abréviation non officielle; ne pas l'utiliser seule, pour éviter tout risque de confusion.  7, record 31, French, - rapport%20carbone%2Fhydrog%C3%A8ne

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Wood of the stump of a tree, as used for fuel, wood turpentine, etc.  1, record 32, English, - stumpwood

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bois provenant de la souche d'un arbre, que l'on emploie entre autres comme bois de chauffage ou pour fabriquer de l'essence de térébenthine, etc.  2, record 32, French, - bois%20de%20souche

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The gradual reduction or destruction of the timber resources of a forest mainly caused by man.  3, record 33, English, - forest%20depletion

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The fuel wood requirements of almost one million refugees camping inside the Park is estimated at 600 metric tons/day and is leading to widespread depletion of forests in the lowlands.  2, record 33, English, - forest%20depletion

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dégradation progressive ou destruction des ressources ligneuses d'une forêt.  3, record 33, French, - %C3%A9puisement%20des%20for%C3%AAts

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Wood piled up or sold in cords :wood for fuel cut to the length of four feet so as to be readily measurable in cords;...  2, record 34, English, - cordwood

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bois de chauffage coupé et débité que l'on empile horizontalement en le délimitant des deux côtés par des montants de soutènement.  3, record 34, French, - bois%20de%20corde

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gas produced during production of charcoal by heating wood in the absence of air and usually used as a fuel at the production site.  2, record 35, English, - wood%20gas

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... during wood pyrolysis at low heating rates and low terminal temperatures, wood undergoes three different decomposition stages during which a non-condensable gaseous fraction is evolved. This fraction is the wood gas which is normally recovered in large-scale carbonization units.  3, record 35, English, - wood%20gas

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Densified Pellet Technology. Pellets are dried ground wood or other biomass waste compressed into small cylinders about 6 mm(1/4 in.) in diameter and 25 mm(1 in.) long. The pressure and heat created during their production binds the pellets together without the need for additives. Pellet-burning appliances include a hopper to hold at least 20 kg of fuel and a screw auger to move the pellets from the hopper into the combustion chamber. Pellets usually burn cleanly because they are fed to the combustion chamber at a controlled rate and are matched with the right amount of combustion air. These appliances are generally able to operate at lower emission levels than natural firewood appliances.  2, record 36, English, - densified%20pellet

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Particules de matière végétale sèche, broyées mécaniquement, dont la taille est d'environ 6 mm à 25 mm.  2, record 36, French, - granulat

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La matière végétale est [...] broyée, séchée, comprimée, jusqu'à 200 kg de pression et soumise à une température de 170°.  1, record 36, French, - granulat

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enclosure in which a gaseous fuel is burned.  3, record 37, English, - gas%20furnace

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A warm air heating system, fueled by gas, electricity, oil or wood, does two jobs. First, heat is produced by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber or through electrical resistance. Second, heat is transferred through the heat exchanger and the distribution system to the living areas of the house.  4, record 37, English, - gas%20furnace

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Maison de fin de semaine (...) On peut prévoir aussi le chauffage par air chaud avec générateur à mazout ou à gaz et distributions par gaines.  4, record 37, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20d%27air%20chaud%20%C3%A0%20gaz

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fournaise : Ce terme est considéré comme impropre par les puristes. Selon Dagenais, dans son "Dictionnaire des difficultés de la langue française au Canada", "fournaise" serait un calque de l'anglais "furnace" et nous devrions plutôt dire "chaudière" lorsque le fluide caloporteur est l'eau ou la vapeur et "générateur d'air chaud", lorsque le fluide, est l'air. Cependant, ce terme reste d'usage fréquent au Québec, autant en langue parlée qu'en langue écrite.  5, record 37, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20d%27air%20chaud%20%C3%A0%20gaz

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gasification is a thermal process to convert solid fuel into gasified fuel by non-stoichiometric, partial combustion.... The most established gasifier system is the down-draught gasifier. It produces an almost tar-free gas and can be constructed on a relatively large scale compared to other systems. Its disadvantage is the requirement for fuel preparation, which must be well cut, uniform wood or charcoal, with a moisture content not greater than 20%.  2, record 38, English, - downdraft%20gasifier

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The "downdraft" (or coflow) gasifiers ... used widely during World War II produce very little tar and oil and are much more practical in small sizes for producing clean gas. Air (oxygen) is introduced at nozzles or tuyères which form a complex reaction zone not amenable to scale-up or simple analysis.  3, record 38, English, - downdraft%20gasifier

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] gazogènes [...] dans lesquels l'air est introduit sous la zone de combustion. La chaleur dégagée par la combustion produit la pyrolyse ou la distillation du bois placé au dessus, mais les pyroligneux et les goudrons produits sont contraints à descendre, à passer à travers la zone de charbon de bois en ignition; ils sont donc craqués, réduits à l'état de CO + H₂ essentiellement. Il n'y a pratiquement plus de pyroligneux, ni de goudron.  2, record 38, French, - gazog%C3%A8ne%20%C3%A0%20tirage%20invers%C3%A9

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

C'est ce type de gazéifeur (ou gazogène) qui a été utilisé sur les camions et les voitures durant la dernière guerre (type Imbert).  2, record 38, French, - gazog%C3%A8ne%20%C3%A0%20tirage%20invers%C3%A9

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In fluidized beds and suspension gasification, there is continuous relative motion of the discrete solid particles, while in fixed bed gasifiers there is much slower stratified motion of the solid bed as a whole, generally downward by gravity. The gas can then pass either in the opposite direction to the fuel(updraft or counterflow gasifiers)... or in the same direction(downdraft or coflow gasifiers).... While fixed bed coal gasifiers are updraft, biomass gasifiers can be either updraft or downdraft, depending on the purpose for which the gas is to be used. Updraft gasifiers can use very wet wood, but because the pyrolysis products are immediately cooled, the gas contains up to 30% of tar and oil.  1, record 39, English, - updraft%20gasifier

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Le plus simple appareil de gazéification, à l'air (...), où les gaz montent à travers une couche de bois fixe disposée sur une grille (...) La combustion partielle et la gazéification du charbon de bois se produisent au point le plus chaud, c'est-à-dire sur la grille; les gaz dégagés traversent la couche de bois en cours de pyrolyse puis de séchage en emmenant de l'eau, des matières pyroligneuses et des goudrons. Il faut que ces gaz sortent à température assez élevée pour empêcher les condensations. Il faut également que ces gaz soient utilisés, brûlés immédiatement. Mais la difficulté due à la présence de goudrons subsiste.  1, record 39, French, - gazog%C3%A8ne%20classique

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Incorporated 7 August 1925 by Letters Patent under the Dominion Companies Act, Canada, as the Shell Co of Canada Ltd 26 August 1931; present title adopted 1 July 1963. Office 505 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario MG5 1X4, Canada. Telephone :(416) 597 7111... Business. Exploration for development and production of crude oil, natural gas and coal; refining, transporting and marketing of petroleum products; manufacture and manufacturing of petrochemicals, including Woodex(a process for converting wood waste into industrial fuel.  2, record 40, English, - Shell%20Canada%20Limited

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Boilers may be grouped into classes based on working pressure and temperature, fuel used, shape and size, usage (such as heating or process), steam or water, and in many other ways.  1, record 41, English, - fuel%20burning%20boiler

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

By Fuel Used. Boilers may be designed to burn coal, wood, various grades of fuel oil, various types of fuel gas, or to operate as electric boilers. A boiler designed for one specific fuel type may not be convertible to another type of fuel. Some boiler designs can be adapted to burn coal, oil or gas. Several designs allow firing with oil or gas by burner conversion or by using a dual fuel burner.... Efficiency of fuel burning boilers is defined in two ways : combustion efficiency and overall efficiency. Electric boilers are, of course, nearly 100% efficient in transferring heat within the boiler.  1, record 41, English, - fuel%20burning%20boiler

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chaudières à combustibles. Elles comprennent : -une alimentation en combustible : porte de chargement ou alimentation automatique en charbon, arrivée du fuel ou du gaz; -un organe de combustion, grille à charbon, ou brûleur à fuel ou à gaz; -une entrée d'air; -une évacuation des fumées et des cendres; -une jaquette d'eau, pour les chaudières à eau chaude, ou une jaquette d'air pour les chaudières à air chaud; -une jaquette calorifugée destinée à limiter les pertes dans la chaufferie; -des organes de contrôle et de régulation.  1, record 41, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20combustible

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chaudière : Certains auteurs incluent l'air dans les types de fluide caloporteur de la chaudière. En général, on réserve ce terme pour désigner l'appareil utilisant l'eau ou la vapeur comme fluide caloporteur.  2, record 41, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20combustible

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In fuel-burning furnaces, the combustion takes place within a metal-walled heat exchanger and the circulating air passes over the outside surfaces of the heat exchanger so that it does not contact the fuel or the products of combustion. The products of combustion are conveyed to the outside atmosphere through a flue or vent.  1, record 42, English, - fuel%2Dburning%20furnace

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A warm air heating system, fueled by gas, electricity, oil or wood, does two jobs. First, heat is produced by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber or through electrical resistance. Second, heat is transferred through the heat exchanger and the distribution system to the living areas of the house.  2, record 42, English, - fuel%2Dburning%20furnace

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Many Canadian homes, especially older ones, are heated by oil furnaces. The preference for, petroleum-based fuel oil for home heating reached its peak in the early 1970s. From then until the early 1980s we have witnessed a change, with people switching to natural gas, electricity and wood.  1, record 43, English, - oil%20furnace

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pour chauffer tout un édifice d'une façon continue et à une température déterminée, il y a lieu de recourir à l'installation d'un chauffage central. (...) Le principe fondamental, quel que soit le mode de chauffage envisagé, est le suivant: a) Installation en cave d'une chaudière ou d'un appareil de chauffage; c'est le générateur de chaleur.  2, record 43, French, - appareil%20de%20chauffage%20au%20mazout

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fuel... Coal and wood... Type of heating unit... Hand Fired Stove....  1, record 44, English, - hand%2Dfired%20stove

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Research is under way to develop an automatic or self-fueling wood furnace. This system would burn either wood chips, sawdust or densified wood pellets of uniform size. Similar to automatic coal-burning systems, these automatic wood furnaces would draw wood fuel from a storage bin through a motorized fuel auger. A control system would adjust the amount of fuel according to the heating demands of the home. It would require little operating maintenance beyond periodic ash removal and filling of the fuel storage bin.  1, record 45, English, - automatic%20wood%20furnace

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The water cooled cyclonic burner fired with crushed coal on oil may be adapted to firing hog [fuel] in combination with fossil fuels. The all refractory cyclonic burner limited to firing dry pulverized wood waste has been wed as the heat source for dry kilns and rotary dryers but has yet to be demonstrated firing directly into a boiler.  1, record 46, English, - cyclonic%20burner

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des brûleurs cyclones [pour la paille] simples et compacts, inspirés du gazogène en suspension, (...) sont en cours de développement.  1, record 46, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20cyclone

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish