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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fuel wood combustion : term standardized by Environment Canada and the Translation Bureau for use in the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Report.  3, record 1, English, - wood%20combustion

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

combustion de bois : terme normalisé par Environnement Canada et le Bureau de la traduction dans le cadre de l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques.  2, record 1, French, - combustion%20de%20bois

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustion of a material in the solid phase without flame but with emission of light from the combustion zone.  3, record 2, English, - glowing%20combustion

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Flaming combustion burns wood fuel gases. It is the burning of the gases that produces the flame. The radiant heat of flaming combustion also preheats and pre-ignites unburned wood. Glowing combustion occurs only in cooler sections of the fire. It is the same chemical reaction as flaming combustion but burns wood fuel solids. Some of the wood glows red with glowing combustion. Sometimes flaming combustion proceeds until only ash, water and carbon dioxide remain; at other times wood cools off enough to stop burning before all the charcoal is consumed.  4, record 2, English, - glowing%20combustion

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

There was more residue left for both samples at the end of flaming combustion than at the end of the test, but glowing combustion (surface oxidative combustion) consumed some of the residues during the two minutes non-flaming exposure.  2, record 2, English, - glowing%20combustion

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

glowing combustion: term and definition standardized by ISO.  5, record 2, English, - glowing%20combustion

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustion d'un matériau, à l'état solide, sans flamme mais avec émission de lumière émanant de la zone de combustion.  1, record 2, French, - incandescence%20avec%20combustion

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

incandescence : Émission de rayonnement visible d'origine thermique.  4, record 2, French, - incandescence%20avec%20combustion

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Si la réaction [de combustion] est assez rapide, le dégagement de chaleur est suffisant pour que le corps combustible soit porté à l'incandescence; on dit qu'il y a «combustion vive» [...]. Si l'oxydation est assez lente pour que la chaleur dégagée se dissipe sans échauffer notablement le corps combustible, on dit qu'il y a «combustion lente», appelée plus communément oxydation [...]  4, record 2, French, - incandescence%20avec%20combustion

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

incandescence avec combustion : terme normalisé par l'ISO mais mal formé; définition normalisée par l'ISO.  5, record 2, French, - incandescence%20avec%20combustion

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustión de un material en la fase sólida sin llama pero con emisión de luz de la zona de combustión.  1, record 2, Spanish, - combusti%C3%B3n%20incandescente

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of biomass combustion burner in which a pile of fuel burns on the grates.  2, record 3, English, - pile%20burner

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Primary combustion air comes from above the grates, not below.  2, record 3, English, - pile%20burner

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The boilers are fed wood fuel from the main fuel bin located adjacent to the boiler house. The boilers are the "pile burner" type, which burn wood in a large pile on the floor of a refractory lined furnace box. Combustion efficiency with this type of boiler is generally low but pile burners are simple and therefore relatively inexpensive. Low combustion efficiency also means that emissions such as particulates and carbon monoxide are relatively high. One notable advantage to these systems is that high moisture content fuels can be burned as well as "dirty" fuels containing debris.  3, record 3, English, - pile%20burner

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Pile burner : Boilers incorporating a pile burning design find applications where the anticipated wood fuel has a high(up to 65%) relative moisture content, as is found in whole green tree chips, bark, and green mill residue. Grates serve to support the fuel, and underfire air flowing up through the grates provides oxygen for combustion, cools the grates, promotes turbulence in the fuel bed, and dries the fuel. The most common form of pile burning is the Dutch oven, which was used almost exclusively during the early part of the century(Guinn and Turner 1990).  4, record 3, English, - pile%20burner

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le combustible de bois sec est mélangé à de la sciure de bois vert afin de produire un mélange de combustible qui convienne aux brûleurs de biomasse [...]  1, record 3, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20de%20biomasse

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A single furnace unit designed to burn more than one type of fuel or energy source(electricity, gas, oil or wood) either separately or simultaneously, using either separate or common combustion chambers and flues.  2, record 4, English, - combination%20furnace

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Générateur de chaleur autonome conçu pour brûler plusieurs types de combustibles ou fonctionner avec plusieurs sources d'énergie (électricité, gaz ou bois), soit séparément soit simultanément, en utilisant des chambres de combustion et des conduits de cheminée distincts ou communs.  1, record 4, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20de%20chaleur%20mixte

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Warm Air Central Heating Systems. A warm air heating system, fueled by gas, electricity, oil or wood, does two jobs. First, heat is produced by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber or through electrical resistance. Second, heat is transferred through the heat exchanger and the distribution system to the living areas of the house.  1, record 5, English, - warm%20air%20central%20heating%20system

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sistema de [calefacción que] consiste en un calorífero central que calienta aire y lo distribuye mediante bocas de distribución abiertas en las paredes de las habitaciones.  1, record 5, Spanish, - calefacci%C3%B3n%20central%20por%20aire%20caliente

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The dark or black carbonaceous organic residue remaining after the incomplete combustion of organic fuel(coal, wood, oil, etc.).  2, record 6, English, - soot

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Soot gives smoke its colour.  3, record 6, English, - soot

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The ability to attract other substances makes soot not only prevalent, but dangerous.  4, record 6, English, - soot

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Particules solides, riches en carbone et résultant d'une combustion incomplète, en suspension dans les gaz de combustion.  3, record 6, French, - suies

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Leur dépôt sur les parois des conduits constitue «la suie».  3, record 6, French, - suies

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le terme anglais «soot» sert aussi bien à rendre la notion de particules solides (suies) que celle du dépôt de ces particules (suie).  4, record 6, French, - suies

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aglomeraciones de partículas ricas en carbono formadas durante la combustión incompleta de productos gaseosos.  1, record 6, Spanish, - holl%C3%ADn

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Densified Pellet Technology. Pellets are dried ground wood or other biomass waste compressed into small cylinders about 6 mm(1/4 in.) in diameter and 25 mm(1 in.) long. The pressure and heat created during their production binds the pellets together without the need for additives. Pellet-burning appliances include a hopper to hold at least 20 kg of fuel and a screw auger to move the pellets from the hopper into the combustion chamber. Pellets usually burn cleanly because they are fed to the combustion chamber at a controlled rate and are matched with the right amount of combustion air. These appliances are generally able to operate at lower emission levels than natural firewood appliances.  2, record 7, English, - densified%20pellet

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Particules de matière végétale sèche, broyées mécaniquement, dont la taille est d'environ 6 mm à 25 mm.  2, record 7, French, - granulat

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La matière végétale est [...] broyée, séchée, comprimée, jusqu'à 200 kg de pression et soumise à une température de 170°.  1, record 7, French, - granulat

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enclosure in which a gaseous fuel is burned.  3, record 8, English, - gas%20furnace

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A warm air heating system, fueled by gas, electricity, oil or wood, does two jobs. First, heat is produced by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber or through electrical resistance. Second, heat is transferred through the heat exchanger and the distribution system to the living areas of the house.  4, record 8, English, - gas%20furnace

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Maison de fin de semaine (...) On peut prévoir aussi le chauffage par air chaud avec générateur à mazout ou à gaz et distributions par gaines.  4, record 8, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20d%27air%20chaud%20%C3%A0%20gaz

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fournaise : Ce terme est considéré comme impropre par les puristes. Selon Dagenais, dans son "Dictionnaire des difficultés de la langue française au Canada", "fournaise" serait un calque de l'anglais "furnace" et nous devrions plutôt dire "chaudière" lorsque le fluide caloporteur est l'eau ou la vapeur et "générateur d'air chaud", lorsque le fluide, est l'air. Cependant, ce terme reste d'usage fréquent au Québec, autant en langue parlée qu'en langue écrite.  5, record 8, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20d%27air%20chaud%20%C3%A0%20gaz

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gasification is a thermal process to convert solid fuel into gasified fuel by non-stoichiometric, partial combustion.... The most established gasifier system is the down-draught gasifier. It produces an almost tar-free gas and can be constructed on a relatively large scale compared to other systems. Its disadvantage is the requirement for fuel preparation, which must be well cut, uniform wood or charcoal, with a moisture content not greater than 20%.  2, record 9, English, - downdraft%20gasifier

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The "downdraft" (or coflow) gasifiers ... used widely during World War II produce very little tar and oil and are much more practical in small sizes for producing clean gas. Air (oxygen) is introduced at nozzles or tuyères which form a complex reaction zone not amenable to scale-up or simple analysis.  3, record 9, English, - downdraft%20gasifier

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] gazogènes [...] dans lesquels l'air est introduit sous la zone de combustion. La chaleur dégagée par la combustion produit la pyrolyse ou la distillation du bois placé au dessus, mais les pyroligneux et les goudrons produits sont contraints à descendre, à passer à travers la zone de charbon de bois en ignition; ils sont donc craqués, réduits à l'état de CO + H₂ essentiellement. Il n'y a pratiquement plus de pyroligneux, ni de goudron.  2, record 9, French, - gazog%C3%A8ne%20%C3%A0%20tirage%20invers%C3%A9

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

C'est ce type de gazéifeur (ou gazogène) qui a été utilisé sur les camions et les voitures durant la dernière guerre (type Imbert).  2, record 9, French, - gazog%C3%A8ne%20%C3%A0%20tirage%20invers%C3%A9

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Boilers may be grouped into classes based on working pressure and temperature, fuel used, shape and size, usage (such as heating or process), steam or water, and in many other ways.  1, record 10, English, - fuel%20burning%20boiler

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

By Fuel Used. Boilers may be designed to burn coal, wood, various grades of fuel oil, various types of fuel gas, or to operate as electric boilers. A boiler designed for one specific fuel type may not be convertible to another type of fuel. Some boiler designs can be adapted to burn coal, oil or gas. Several designs allow firing with oil or gas by burner conversion or by using a dual fuel burner.... Efficiency of fuel burning boilers is defined in two ways :combustion efficiency and overall efficiency. Electric boilers are, of course, nearly 100% efficient in transferring heat within the boiler.  1, record 10, English, - fuel%20burning%20boiler

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chaudières à combustibles. Elles comprennent : -une alimentation en combustible : porte de chargement ou alimentation automatique en charbon, arrivée du fuel ou du gaz; -un organe de combustion, grille à charbon, ou brûleur à fuel ou à gaz; -une entrée d'air; -une évacuation des fumées et des cendres; -une jaquette d'eau, pour les chaudières à eau chaude, ou une jaquette d'air pour les chaudières à air chaud; -une jaquette calorifugée destinée à limiter les pertes dans la chaufferie; -des organes de contrôle et de régulation.  1, record 10, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20combustible

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chaudière : Certains auteurs incluent l'air dans les types de fluide caloporteur de la chaudière. En général, on réserve ce terme pour désigner l'appareil utilisant l'eau ou la vapeur comme fluide caloporteur.  2, record 10, French, - chaudi%C3%A8re%20%C3%A0%20combustible

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In fuel-burning furnaces, the combustion takes place within a metal-walled heat exchanger and the circulating air passes over the outside surfaces of the heat exchanger so that it does not contact the fuel or the products of combustion. The products of combustion are conveyed to the outside atmosphere through a flue or vent.  1, record 11, English, - fuel%2Dburning%20furnace

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A warm air heating system, fueled by gas, electricity, oil or wood, does two jobs. First, heat is produced by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber or through electrical resistance. Second, heat is transferred through the heat exchanger and the distribution system to the living areas of the house.  2, record 11, English, - fuel%2Dburning%20furnace

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish