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FUNDAMENTAL POINT [10 records]

Record 1 2024-02-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • Information Processing (Informatics)
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Data labels are text elements that describe individual data points.

CONT

Data labels serve as the fundamental elements that bridge the gap between raw data and meaningful insights. When working with a dataset, each data point may possess certain inherent characteristics, such as features, attributes, or properties. Data labels serve as the fundamental elements that bridge the gap between raw data and meaningful insights. When working with a dataset, each data point may possess certain inherent characteristics, such as features, attributes, or properties.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Traitement de l'information (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 2 2017-09-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Technical Surveys
  • Cartography
CONT

A fundamental point is the geometric origin of a geodetic network and defines the geodetic datum of a national survey.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Levés et relevés techniques (Arpentage)
  • Cartographie
CONT

Pour localiser un point situé sur ou à proximité de la surface de la Terre il est nécessaire [...] de définir un système géodésique [...] Il comprend un ellipsoïde de référence, éventuellement un point fondamental (pour les systèmes locaux), un méridien origine [...]

CONT

[...] on utilise des mesures d'angles et de distances au sol à partir du point fondamental. En ce point, par convention le géoïde et l'ellipsoïde sont tangents.

Spanish

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Record 3 2016-02-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Structural Framework
DEF

One in which a the combination of members forms a complete series of triangles; b the axis of all members at each point meet in a common point c the reactions are not restrained horizontally but are vertical under vertical loading; and d the reactions due to sloped loading car be determined by the fundamental equations of static equilibrium.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Charpentes

Spanish

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Record 4 2016-02-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mathematics
OBS

(...) on a surface. A point of a surface "S" which is either a circular point or a planar point of "S". A point of "S" is an umbilical point of "S" if, and only if, its first and second fundamental quadratic forms are proportional.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques

Spanish

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Record 5 2010-07-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mining Equipment and Tools
  • Boring and Drilling (Mines)
  • Geological Research and Exploration
DEF

Detailed geological profile of the borehole in a scale of 1:500 which contains most of the determined informations of the drilled terrain, the carried out particular operations, the technical state of borehole etc.

CONT

The accuracy of the defined reservoir depends on the quality of the "fundamental logs", of the stratigraphical and lithological point of view, the other logs etc.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Outillage et équipement (Exploitation minière)
  • Sondage et forage miniers
  • Recherches et prospections géologiques
DEF

Coupe géologique détaillée à 1/500 du sondage, regroupant la plupart des informations recueillies sur les terrains traversés, les opérations particulières réalisées, l'état technique du puits etc.

CONT

La précision avec laquelle sont définis les réservoirs dépend de la qualité des «logs fondamentaux», du point de vue stratigraphique et lithologique et des diagraphies disponibles.

Spanish

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Record 6 2008-04-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Space Physics
  • Scientific Research Methods
  • Physics of Solids
CONT

The Binary Colloidal Alloy Test-3 is an Exploration Systems’ transition flight experiment in the Human System Research and Technology area. BCAT-3 provides a unique opportunity to explore fundamental physics and simultaneously develop important future technology, including computers operating on light, complex biomolecular pharmaceuticals, clean sources of geothermal power, and novel rocket engines for interplanetary travel. These studies depend entirely on the microgravity environment provided by the International Space Station(ISS) ;in all other locations accessible to science, gravity dominates and precludes investigation of any other effects of interest. The experiment itself [consists of] photographing samples of colloidal particles with a digital camera onboard the ISS. Colloids are tiny nanoscale spheres of plexiglass a thousand times smaller than the width of a human hair(submicron radius) that are suspended in a fluid. They are ubiquitous(e. g., milk, smoke, and paint) and therefore interesting to study directly. Colloids are also small enough that they behave much like atoms and so can be used to model all sorts of phenomena because their size, shape, and interactions can be controlled. The 10 samples in BCAT-3 are made from the same ingredients, each a recipe with different proportions, and are grouped into three experiments : critical point, binary alloy, and surface crystallization. [Text followed by an illustration of a BCAT-3 sample holder. ]

CONT

BCAT-3 is comprised of three separate experiments, which are individually referred to as a binary alloy (BCAT-3-BA), surface crystallization (BCAT-3-SC) and critical point (BCAT-3-CP). The critical point investigation is continuing with additional samples on future ISS [International Space Station] expeditions and will be referred to as Binary Colloidal Alloy Test - 4. BCAT-4 will consist of two sets of samples referred to as BCAT - 3 and 4: Critical Point (BCAT-3-4-CP) and BCAT-4:Polydisperse (BCAT-4-Poly). ... The Binary Colloidal Alloy Test-3 (BCAT-3) hardware supported three investigations in which ISS crews photographed samples of colloidal particles (tiny nanoscale spheres suspended in liquid) to document liquid/gas phase changes, growth of binary crystals, and the formation of colloidal crystals confined to a surface. Colloids are small enough that in a microgravity environment without sedimentation and convection, they behave much as atoms and so can be used to model all sorts of phenomena because their size, shape, and interactions can be controlled. The BCAT-3 payload consists of ten small samples of colloid alloys in which the microscopic colloid particles are mixed together into a liquid. These ten samples are contained within a small case that is the size of a school textbook. At the start of an experiment run, all ten samples are shaken to completely remix the colloid samples, much in the same way that salad dressing must be shaken to remix oil and vinegar. After the samples are mixed, what remains is periodically photographed using a digital camera until the colloid and liquid components of those samples have separated or the polymers have formed crystals. The samples can be remixed to repeat the experiment. The ten samples in BCAT-3 were selected as part of three separate experiments examining different physical processes: critical point, binary alloys, and surface crystallization.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique spatiale
  • Méthodes de recherche scientifique
  • Physique des solides
OBS

Contexte: recherches en microgravité sur les structures colloïdales; test avec alliages binaires (c'est-à-dire composés de deux éléments) mis à l'état colloïdal.

OBS

test BACT (croissance d'alliages binaires à partir de particules colloïdales en suspension) : il faut articuler le syntagme pour rendre compte de la réalité du texte où il est question de la croissance de cristaux binaires qui se développent à partir de particules colloïdales en suspension dans un liquide.

Spanish

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Record 7 2008-03-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Constitutional Law
CONT

Also fundamental to the interpretation of section 23 is the notion of equality. On this point, the Supreme Court underscored that substantive equality for section 23 rights holders cannot be achieved by a rigid adherence to “a formal vision of equality that would focus on treating the majority and minority official language groups alike. ”

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit constitutionnel
CONT

La notion de l'égalité est également essentielle à l'interprétation de l'article 23. Sur ce point précis, la Cour suprême a souligné que l'égalité réelle des titulaires des droits garantis par l'article 23 ne pouvait être obtenue en se limitant à «[...] une conception formelle de l'égalité qui viserait principalement à traiter de la même façon les groupes majoritaires et minoritaires de langue officielle».

Spanish

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Record 8 2004-01-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biological Sciences
DEF

Branch of physical chemistry which deals with the determination and interpretation of the rates of chemical reactions. It includes the study of activation energies of reactions. For slow reactions as well as for fast ones, an attempt is made in each case to show quantitatively the effect of changes in the experimental conditions upon the reaction velocity, and to describe in as much detail as possible the behaviour of the molecules at the moment of their reaction.

OBS

Studies of reaction velocity have not only played a fundamental role in the growth of theoretical chemistry; the concepts developed in these studies have also been highly fruitful in industry, especially in the field of catalysis. A case in point is the Haber process for the manufacture of ammonia which is based in part on studies of reaction kinetics. Furthermore, reaction kinetics may be used to determine the path or mechanism of a somewhat puzzling reaction. Both theoretical and practical research in the field of reaction kinetics was by mid-century under way in hundreds of laboratories.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sciences biologiques
DEF

Ensemble des travaux ayant pour finalité de décrire qualitativement ou quantitativement l'évolution des systèmes chimiques, de comprendre le mécanisme selon lequel, au niveau de la molécule, s'opère le réarrangement des liaisons chimiques qui conditionne la réaction, d'expliciter les forces motrices ou antagonistes qui déterminent cette évolution.

CONT

Le but de la cinétique chimique est d'observer les transformations pour parvenir d'abord à les décrire, ensuite à énoncer leurs lois, enfin à obtenir les moyens qui permettent de les contrôler.

OBS

Certains auteurs usent de l'expression "dynamique chimique" dans un sens équivalent à celle de cinétique chimique. Le domaine d'application de la cinétique s'étend à toute évolution de la matière, qu'elle soit très lente ou très rapide, mettant en cause des modifications d'espèces chimiques au sein de celles-ci.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Ciencias biológicas
DEF

Parte de la química que estudia las velocidades de reacción como base cuantitativa de la reactividad química.

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Record 9 1994-07-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mathematics
  • Computer Graphics
CONT

Mirror symmetry, that is, invariance against "flipping sides", is perhaps the most widely noticed symmetry. Nature built many of her organisms in nearly symmetric ways, and most fundamental laws of physics, such as Newton's law of gravitation, have an exact mirror symmetry : there is no difference between left and right in the attraction of heavenly(and most earthbound) bodies. However, the nonconservation of parity in radioactive decay-that is, the violation of point symmetry in the "weak" interactions-has finally taught even the physicists to take the distinction between right and left seriously.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques
  • Infographie
DEF

[...] symétrie signifiant que le corps est divisé en deux parties, chacune image de l'autre dans un miroir. C'est la notion courante de symétrie bilatérale.

Spanish

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Record 10 1988-05-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Environmental Studies and Analyses
  • Air Pollution
  • Atmospheric Physics
CONT

Dispersion theory.... Turbulent motion is one of the most fundamental atmospheric properties which causes diffusion of air pollutants.... The basic sets of parameters affecting diffusion can be classified as meteorological, topographical and source characteristics. The first two, which include wind speed, wind direction and thermal stability, are mutually dependent. The latter set depends on source type, height and emission rate.... The distinction between point and area sources depends on the scale of the problem under examination. For a global pollution problem, the city, as a source of pollution, could be approximated to a point source rather than an area source.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Études et analyses environnementales
  • Pollution de l'air
  • Physique de l'atmosphère

Spanish

Save record 10

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