TERMIUM Plus®

From: Translation Bureau

On social media

Consult the Government of Canada’s terminology data bank.

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE [37 records]

Filter results by subject field Alphabetical list of terms

Filter results by subject field

Alphabetical list of terms

Record 1 2024-11-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Courts
  • Decisions (Practice and Procedural Law)
CONT

Judicial minimalism is the principle that judges should "say no more than necessary to justify an outcome. "... Minimalist judges should decide a case both narrowly and shallowly—meaning, respectively, that they should address only the facts of the case without establishing sweeping rules and should reach a concrete agreement without theorizing about fundamental principles.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tribunaux
  • Décisions (Droit judiciaire)
CONT

Le minimalisme judiciaire s'inscrit dans une approche pragmatique, qui consiste à régler des litiges plutôt qu'à défendre une position constitutionnelle ou philosophique parfaitement théorisée.

OBS

Ne pas confondre avec le terme «retenue judiciaire» qui est une règle d'interprétation selon laquelle les juges privilégient le maintien du statu quo dans les litiges où ils sont appelés à se prononcer.

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2024-04-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
  • Relativity (Physics)
CONT

One foundational law of quantum physics states that when it comes to making measurements, certain pairs of physical properties are in a seesaw relationship with one another : reducing the uncertainty, or noise, of one measurement increases that of the other. It's a principle exploited by physicists who use quantum squeezing. Two fundamental measurements of quantum systems are the most important when discussing quantum squeezing : amplitude and phase.

CONT

Quantum squeezing ... is a method for hushing quantum noise or, more specifically, for pushing the noise from one place to another with the goal of making more precise measurements.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
  • Relativité (Physique)
CONT

La compression quantique est l'idée de minimiser les fluctuations quantiques dans un aspect d'un système au détriment d'augmentations proportionnelles des fluctuations dans un autre aspect. L'effet est similaire à celui de presser l'air d'une partie d'un ballon vers une autre.

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2023-10-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mathematics
  • Relativity (Physics)
  • Mechanics
DEF

[The theory formulated by Werner Heisenberg stating] that the position and the velocity of an object cannot both be measured exactly, at the same time, even in theory.

CONT

The uncertainty principle is one of the most famous(and probably [most] misunderstood) ideas in physics. It tells us that there is a fuzziness in nature, a fundamental limit to what we can know about the behaviour of quantum particles and, therefore, the smallest scales of nature.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques
  • Relativité (Physique)
  • Mécanique
DEF

Théorie formulée par Werner Heisenberg énonçant que la position et la vitesse d'un objet ne peuvent être mesurées exactement en simultané, et ce, même d'un point de vue théorique.

CONT

Mal nommé, le principe d'incertitude de Heisenberg est plus correctement désigné aujourd'hui sous le terme des inégalités de Heisenberg. Ces inégalités nous indiquent les limites sur la pertinence de l'emploi des concepts d'ondes et de particules classiques pour décrire les phénomènes à l'échelle atomique, comme ceux portant sur les électrons et la lumière.

Spanish

Save record 3

Record 4 2020-11-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
CONT

The idea is based on the fundamental principle of parameter estimation : tracking can happen in some direction only if there is an excitation in the same direction. Based on this principle, an estimation algorithm should track time-varying parameters only within the excited subspace.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
CONT

[...] les intrants d'un algorithme d'estimation de la pose sont : l'objet saisi, la configuration du préhenseur lors de cette saisie et les signaux tactiles générés.

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 2019-11-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Alternative Dispute Resolution
  • Practice and Procedural Law
CONT

A fundamental principle of case management in any adjudicative system is that the tribunal controls its processes.

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Modes substitutifs de résolution des différends
  • Droit judiciaire
OBS

système juridictionnel : désignation normalisée par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2017-08-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Property Law (common law)
  • Property Law (civil law)
DEF

Not subject to alienation. (Black, 5th ed. 1979, p. 683)

CONT

It is a fundamental principle of English law that property must not be rendered inalienable.(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed. 1975, p. 276)

OBS

As opposed to: non-assignable, unassignable.

OBS

Antonym: alienable.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (droit civil)
DEF

Qui ne peut être aliéné.

OBS

inaliénable : équivalent selon le Vocabulaire bilingue de la Common law - Droit des biens - (Terminologie française normalisée dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles).

OBS

Terme anglais qui présente un complément d'information utile ou un apparentement avec le terme en vedette anglaise : alienation.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Derecho de propiedad (common law)
  • Derecho de propiedad (derecho civil)
Save record 6

Record 7 2017-04-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Health Law
  • Family Law (common law)
  • Law of Obligations (civil law)
DEF

The voluntary agreement by a person who in the possession and exercise of sufficient mental capacity, as defined by an appropriate medical professional, makes an intelligent choice as to treatment options. It supposes knowledge about the consequences of having or not having the treatment and about possible alternatives. The consent must be free from coercion, duress and mistake.

CONT

Voluntary and informed consent from legally competent individuals or authorized third parties is a fundamental principle in research involving humans, and specifically for the use of their personal data or human material.

CONT

Every person is inviolable and is entitled to the integrity of his person. Except in cases provided for by law, no one may interfere with his person without his free and enlightened consent.

OBS

free and enlightened consent: Expression and example reproduced from section 10 of the Civil Code of Québec.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit de la santé
  • Droit de la famille (common law)
  • Droit des obligations (droit civil)
CONT

Le consentement libre et éclairé est au coeur de l'éthique de la recherche avec des sujets humains et doit être vu comme un processus débutant avec la prise de contact initiale et s'achevant lorsque le projet ne nécessite plus le concours des sujets. Au sens de cette politique, le consentement libre et éclairé signifie le dialogue, le partage d'informations et l'ensemble du processus permettant à des sujets pressentis d'accepter ou de refuser de participer à une recherche.

CONT

consentement libre et éclairé : Toute personne est inviolable et a droit à son intégrité. Sauf dans les cas prévus par la loi, nul ne peut lui porter atteinte sans son consentement libre et éclairé.

OBS

consentement libre et éclairé : Expression et exemple reproduits de l'article 10 du Code civil du Québec.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Derecho de salud
  • Derecho de familia (common law)
  • Derecho de obligaciones (derecho civil)
CONT

Toda persona es inviolable y tiene derecho a su integridad. Salvo en los casos previstos por la ley, nadie puede perjudicarlo sin su consentimiento libre y esclarecido.

OBS

consentimiento libre y esclarecido: Expresión traducida del artículo 10 del Código Civil de Quebec. El C.C.Q. fue traducido según la versión de 1999-2000.

Save record 7

Record 8 2016-10-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Rights and Freedoms
  • Penal Law
  • Special-Language Phraseology
CONT

The right to remain silent is a principle of fundamental justice of which the accused was entitled to avail himself, and the trial judge could not draw any inference against him for having exercised that right.

OBS

right to remain silent: without such silence being a consideration in the determination of guilt or innocence.

OBS

right to remain silent: expression and observation reproduced from the Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droits et libertés
  • Droit pénal
  • Phraséologie des langues de spécialité
CONT

Le droit de garder le silence est un principe de justice fondamentale dont l'accusé était en droit de se prévaloir et la juge du procès ne pouvait tirer une conclusion défavorable de son exercice.

OBS

droit au silence; droit de garder le silence : termes tirés du Mini-lexique de l'arrestation et de la détention et reproduits avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Derechos y Libertades
  • Derecho penal
  • Fraseología de los lenguajes especializados
DEF

Derecho a no contestar a las preguntas de la policía y a permanecer callado en el juicio.

OBS

derecho a guardar silencio: sin que tal actitud pueda valorarse para la determinación de su culpabilidad o inocencia del presunto culpable.

OBS

derecho a guardar silencio: expresión y observación reproducidas del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.

Save record 8

Record 9 2015-05-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • Government Contracts
  • Real Estate
OBS

The fundamental policy principle underlying any acquisition of real property by the government is that the property is needed to support the delivery of government programs.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Marchés publics
  • Immobilier
OBS

Conformément au principe stratégique fondamental de l'acquisition de biens immobiliers par le gouvernement, les biens doivent être nécessaires à l'exécution des programmes gouvernementaux.

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 2015-02-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of Courses
  • Training of Personnel
Universal entry(ies)
P714
classification system code, see observation
OBS

This introductory course examines the Official Languages Act, its regulations and the fundamental principle of linguistic equality. Participants will learn how to apply the four basic principles of the Official Languages Program and how to advise their management team on implementing the program.

OBS

P714: a Canada School of Public Service course code.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de cours
  • Perfectionnement et formation du personnel
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
P714
classification system code, see observation
OBS

Ce cours d'introduction examine la Loi sur les langues officielles, ses règlements et le principe fondamental de l'égalité linguistique. Les participants apprendront comment appliquer les quatre principes fondamentaux du Programme des langues officielles et la façon de conseiller leurs gestionnaires sur la mise en œuvre du programme.

OBS

P714 : code de cours de l'École de la fonction publique du Canada.

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 2014-04-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Non-Canadian Laws and Legal Documents
  • Rules of Court
CONT

A State "is free to regulate procedure of its courts in accordance with its own conception of policy and fairness unless in so doing it offends some principle of justice so rooted in the traditions and conscience of our people as to be ranked as fundamental. "

French

Domaine(s)
  • Lois et documents juridiques non canadiens
  • Règles de procédure
CONT

Le gouverneur en conseil peut, par règlement : [...] a) régir la procédure à suivre par les représentants de l’Autorité nationale dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions en application de la présente loi [...]

Spanish

Save record 11

Record 12 2013-05-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
OBS

It is a fundamental principle... that property must not be rendered inalienable. It is therefore necessary to prohibit... immediate gifts which are subject to some permanent restraint upon alienation.... Restraints upon alienation attached to direct gifts of property are generally invalid on their face, as repugnant to the interest granted.(Megarry and Wade, p. 267)(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 267)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

règle d'interdiction de l'inaliénabilité : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 12

Record 13 2013-05-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
DEF

A limitation or condition placed on the right to transfer property.

CONT

It is fundamental principle of English law that property must not be rendered inalienable. It is therefore necessary to prohibit not only indefeasible future interests which are unduly remote, but immediate gifts which are subject to some permanent restraint upon alienation.... Restraints upon alienation attached to direct gifts of property are generally invalid on their face, as repugnant to the interest granted.(Megarry and Wade, p. 267)

OBS

Restraints can take the form of conditions and covenants in deeds or restraints on use of the property. (Reilly, 2nd ed.,1982, p. 413)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

restriction d'aliénabilité : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 13

Record 14 2013-05-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

[The Land Registration Act, 1925] abandons the fundamental principle that no one can pass a better title than he has, and substitutes for it, though only by implication, the so-called principle of indefeasibility of the registered title.(Megarry and Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 1056).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

titre enregistré : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 14

Record 15 2011-08-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Sociology (General)
DEF

A variation or modification in any aspect of social process, pattern, or form.

CONT

The [Official Languages Act, passed in 1969], reaffirmed [linguistic] duality as a fundamental principle of Canada. The linguistic framework established at that time committed Canada to a major social transformation that definitely could not be accomplished overnight. Today we see an uninterrupted series of changes, both large and small, that have enriched the Canadian personality.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sociologie (Généralités)
DEF

Changement de structure qui résulte de l'action historique de certains acteurs ou de certains groupes à l'intérieur d'une collectivité donnée.

CONT

[La Loi sur les langues officielles, adoptée en 1969,] redonnait une lumière à la dualité [linguistique] en la constituant en principe fondamental du Canada. Certes, le projet de régime linguistique qui prenait alors son envol engageait le Canada dans un changement social d'envergure qui ne pouvait s'accomplir du jour au lendemain. Nous constatons en effet aujourd'hui une suite ininterrompue de changements, minuscules ou grandioses, qui ont fait grandir la personnalité canadienne.

Spanish

Save record 15

Record 16 2008-09-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Cartography
  • Oceanography
  • Geological Prospecting
  • Translation (General)
OBS

multi-beam bathymetric mapping or swath mapping: System of mapping the seafloor using a depth sounder with multiple beams rather than single beam, allowing a swath of data to be collected from a single pass of a recording vessel.

OBS

The principle of the swath-seismic method is related to swath-bathymetric mapping, hence the name, but it also has some fundamental differences.

OBS

SeaBeam swath bathymetric map of a portion of the sea floor under the former Larsen A.

OBS

SEABEAM swath bathimetry mapping: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Cartographie
  • Océanographie
  • Prospection géologique
  • Traduction (Généralités)
OBS

La cartographie par balayage des fonds marins constitue un [...] développement des techniques acoustiques facilitant le ciblage des ressources démersales à l'intérieur de bandes étroitement définies et souvent de formes très irrégulières. Ces méthodes fournissent des images de haute définition des profils bathymétriques et facilitent le chalutage contrôlé, de telle sorte que les marins peuvent éviter les zones où ils risquent de perdre le matériel de pêche, ou de toucher le fond [...] La cartographie par balayage représente l'équivalent de la cartographie topographique terrestre pour le plus grand bien des patrons de pêche.

OBS

Systèmes de cartographie par balayage. On utilise fréquemment ces systèmes lors de levés bathymétriques en eau peu profonde pour produire des cartes bathymétriques haute résolution.

OBS

Principe de cartographie bathymétrique par écho-sondeur.

OBS

Cartographie à l'aide du sondeur Seabeam.

OBS

cartographie des fonds marins à l'aide du sondeur Seabeam : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.

Spanish

Save record 16

Record 17 2008-04-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Counter-Measures (Military operations)
  • Remote Sensing
  • Radar, Radio Guidance and Goniometry
DEF

A sub-discipline of electronic countermeasures which covers a range of techniques used with aircraft, ships and missiles, in order to make them less visible (ideally invisible) to radar, infrared and other detection methods.

CONT

Stealth technology has as its fundamental principle the prevention of detection by the enemy, and applies not only to aircraft as is commonly assumed, but also increasingly to naval vessels and to armoured vehicles, although in the latter cases, it is nascent technology upon which comment must be reserved. Stealth technology, therefore, does not simply mean the evasion by aircraft of radar through the reduction of radar signature. It also encompasses the reduction of an aircraft's visibility in other spectra, most notably acoustic, visual, and infra-red. Consequently the popular term "stealth technology" would perhaps be better referred to as "low-observable technology. "

French

Domaine(s)
  • Contre-mesures (Opérations militaires)
  • Télédétection
  • Radar, radioguidage et radiogoniométrie
CONT

Le joint Strike Fighter et le drone de combat seront tous les deux capables de survivre dans des situations de combat, puisqu'ils seront basés sur la technologie furtive, donc difficilement détectables par l'ennemi.

Spanish

Save record 17

Record 18 2008-03-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Federalism
  • Language Rights
CONT

The Supreme Court has played a fundamental role in our understanding of the principle of linguistic duality by making us aware of the distinctive nature of each of the official language minority communities and of the central place these communities have in the preservation of our national identity.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Fédéralisme
  • Droit linguistique
CONT

La Cour Suprême a joué un rôle fondamental dans notre compréhension du principe de la dualité linguistique en nous faisant prendre conscience du caractère distinctif de chacune des communautés minoritaires de langue officielle et de la position centrale de ces communautés dans la préservation de notre identité nationale.

Spanish

Save record 18

Record 19 2008-02-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • International Bodies and Committees
  • Medical and Hospital Organization
OBS

Vision : To empower humanity in the expression of maximum health, wellness and human potential through universal chiropractic expression and utilization. Mission : To advance chiropractic throughout the world as a distinct health care profession predicated upon its unique philosophy, science, and art. Objectives : Maintain and promote chiropractic' s unique identity as a non-therapeutic, drugless and surgical-free health science, based on its fundamental principles and philosophy. Provide leadership in the establishment of chiropractic licensure regulation in every nation and promote the quality and authenticity of chiropractic education. Foster the professional and technical development of the Doctor of Chiropractic through programs of continuing education, research, political, and social action. Encourage the highest professional, technical, and ethical standards for the doctor of chiropractic while safeguarding the professional welfare of its members. Champion the principle that every citizen in the world has the right to freedom of choice in health care and be able to choose unhampered the doctor and the healing art of his/her choice. Work harmoniously with other health care organizations and governments in a global humanitarian effort to foster chiropractic and spinal hygiene in the fields of family health(including children, women, and the elderly), and occupational health. Work for full inclusion of chiropractic in all public and private health care delivery programs.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Organismes et comités internationaux
  • Organisation médico-hospitalière

Spanish

Save record 19

Record 20 2007-06-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Sociology of Work
  • Federal Administration
CONT

The merit system has been the foundation of a competent, professional, non-partisan public service for almost a century. It plays an essential role, not only by protecting against political patronage, but also by ensuring that employees are hired and can advance based on their ability to do the work rather than on personal favouritism. The merit system reflects a commitment to fundamental public service values and is comprised of more than just the merit principle alone.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sociologie du travail
  • Administration fédérale

Spanish

Save record 20

Record 21 2006-05-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Geology
DEF

The fundamental principle or doctrine that geologic processes and natural laws now operating to modify the Earth's crust have acted in the same regular manner and with essentially the same intensity throughout geologic time, and that past geologic events can be explained by phenomena and forces observable today; the classical concept that "the present is the key to the past. "

OBS

The meaning [of uniformitarianism] has evolved and today the principle of uniformitarianism acknowledges that past processes, even if the same as today, may have operated at different rates and with different intensities than those of the present. The term "actualism" is sometimes used to designate this later meaning. "The present is the key to the past" is a shorthand reference to the principle of uniformitarianism.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Géologie
DEF

Raisonnement scientifique attribuant une cause unique à chaque phénomène, parfois utilisé comme synonyme de «actualisme».

DEF

Doctrine suivant laquelle toutes les forces et tous les phénomènes géologiques qui prirent place dans le passé peuvent être expliqués par des phénomènes et des événements encore actifs aujourd'hui.

CONT

Dès 1830, Charles Lyell (1797-1875) proclamait le principe de l'Uniformitarisme selon lequel, aujourd'hui comme hier, les mêmes causes avaient les mêmes effets [...]

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Geología
DEF

Teoría que supone que los procesos geológicos de tiempos pasados se han desarrollado con características semejantes a las de la actualidad, pero con intensidades y combinaciones posiblemente distintas.

Save record 21

Record 22 2005-05-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Non-Gov. Provincial Bodies and Committees (Canadian)
  • School and School-Related Administration
OBS

BCSTA was founded in 1905 by eight school boards seeking a strong, collaborative voice to advocate for the province's students. BCSTA is a nonprofit, voluntary organization dedicated to the Key Work of improving student achievement. Our members, boards of school trustees locally elected to represent their respective communities, work to : preserve and promote the fundamental principle of local autonomy and local control of public education at the public and governmental levels; influence government by representing the membership on matters affecting the course of public education.

OBS

Titles and abbreviation confirmed by the Association.

Key term(s)
  • BC School Trustees Association

French

Domaine(s)
  • Organismes et comités provinciaux non gouv. canadiens
  • Administration scolaire et parascolaire
OBS

Appellation confirmée par l'organisme.

Spanish

Save record 22

Record 23 2004-01-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Commercial and Other Bodies (Law)
CONT

... The Principle of Majority Rule... As with most democratic institutions, the fundamental rule is that the majority--meaning, in corporate law, those who hold the majority of the voting shares--shall govern.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Organismes commerciaux ou non (Droit)
CONT

[ ... ] dans le droit des sociétés par actions au Canada, la règle de la majorité conserve toute sa pertinence au regard des décisions prises par l'assemblée générale des actionnaires dans son champ de compétence, c'est-à-dire en ce qui a trait à l'élection des administrateurs, à la nomination des vérificateurs et à l'approbation des règlements administratifs et des changements importants.

Spanish

Save record 23

Record 24 2003-07-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Parliamentary Language
CONT

The right of petitioning the Crown and Parliament for redress of grievances is acknowledged as a fundamental principle of the constitution and has been exercised without interruption since 1867.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Vocabulaire parlementaire
CONT

Le droit de présenter une pétition à la Couronne ou au Parlement en vue de redressement d'un grief est un principe constitutionnel fondamental appliqué sans interruption depuis 1867.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Lenguaje parlamentario
Save record 24

Record 25 2003-05-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • International Public Law
DEF

An important method of acquiring territorial sovereignty. It rests on the principle that the right of transferring its territory is a fundamental attribute of the sovereignty of a State.

CONT

Any transaction (such as a gift, sale, or exchange) will be valid as a cession which sufficiently indicates an intention to transfer sovereignty from one State to another.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit international public
DEF

Terme employé d'ordinaire pour désigner une cession de territoire, l'opération juridique conventionnelle par laquelle un État renonce à sa souveraineté sur un territoire au profit d'un autre État qui y établit sa propre souveraineté, qu'il s'agisse d'une opération énoncée dans un traité de paix, d'une vente, d'un échange, d'une dotation, d'une rétrocession.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Derecho internacional público
Save record 25

Record 26 2001-12-24

English

Subject field(s)
  • Waste Management
  • Nuclear Waste Materials
  • Dredging
CONT

If the fundamental principle guiding management is only permanent disposal, then options for waste management will be very limited since all management solutions must meet the safety and environmental standards set out by regulatory authorities. For example, considerations of such factors as volume, the disruption which removal might cause, costs and local preferences may make long-term management in situ a practical option for some of the existing wastes. The Task Force feels the uranium mine and mill tailings and the phosphogypsum wastes are best dealt with in this manner and that in situ management should at least be considered for several other waste deposits...

Key term(s)
  • in-situ management

French

Domaine(s)
  • Gestion des déchets
  • Déchets nucléaires
  • Dragage

Spanish

Save record 26

Record 27 2000-07-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Psychology (General)
CONT

In Brentano's view, ideas are the "fundamental principle of other psychical phenomena", and to that extent act psychology is a psychology of consciousness.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Psychologie (Généralités)
DEF

Théorie psychologique due à Brentano. [...] L'essentiel de la doctrine [...] tient dans l'affirmation de l'acte de la conscience [...]

Spanish

Save record 27

Record 28 2000-07-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Human Behaviour
DEF

the impulse to reenact earlier emotional experiences. Considered by Freud more fundamental than the pleasure principle.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Comportement humain
DEF

Tendance incoercible à répéter automatiquement des choses vécues antérieurement, même si elles sont sources de déplaisir et contraires aux besoins du moi. Elle agirait au-delà du principe de plaisir.

Spanish

Save record 28

Record 29 2000-05-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Vulcanology and Seismology
  • Surveillance, Detection and Reconnaissance (Military)
OBS

The fundamental principle of array stations is that each element of the array receives signals that are identical in form but shifted in time. Using appropriate time delays, the signals recorded by the individual stations are put on top of each other and added in a process called beam-forming.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Volcanologie et sismologie
  • Surveillance, détection et reconnaissance (Militaire)
OBS

Fascicule no 2, NY, 1990.

OBS

Reproduit du lexique «Disarmament and Peace Keeping/Désarmement et Maintien de la Paix» avec l'autorisation de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève.

Key term(s)
  • station séismologique composite
  • station sismologique complexe
  • station séismologique complexe

Spanish

Save record 29

Record 30 2000-02-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Combustion and Fuels (Fireplaces)
DEF

the air-fuel ratio supplied to a furnace that provides more air than the optimum ratio.

CONT

The operating principal of the RMB [Rapid Mix Burner] staged firing configuration is to bum as much of the fuel as possible under the high excess air, ultralow NOx conditions. As a result of the fundamental principle mentioned above, this is done by operating the burners air rich(under conditions similar to normal firing, but with higher excess air and with a moderate amount of FGR), where the maximum theoretical NOx, formation is very predictable. Heat is extracted from these air-rich combustion products and cool furnace recirculation products are entrained. The staged fuel is then mixed with the air-rich burner products and combustion is completed. The excess air at the boiler outlet is thus similar to that with normal firing.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Combustion et combustibles (Foyers)
CONT

Les brûleurs XNM sont conçus pour fonctionner dans des gammes importantes de rapport air/gaz et notamment en large excès d'air. Leur conception ainsi que leur construction assurent une excellente stabilité de flamme à tous débits et dans une large gamme de rapport air/gaz.

Spanish

Save record 30

Record 31 1996-05-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Radiation Protection
  • Nuclear Waste Materials
CONT

Biological effects of ionizing radiation. ... at the upper end of the scale, there is no radiation exposure so high it will guarantee that every exposed individual will suffer the effect. Nor at the lower end is any exposure so low that it will carry no risk to anyone of inducing the effect. These radiation effects are therefore said to have "no threshold." Logically, it follows that any exposure to radiation, no matter how small, carries some risk and that any reduction in exposure, even from an already very low level, confers some benefit. However, it is not always appreciated that the absence of a "safe" threshold is a theoretical assumption and a safety precaution rather than something that can be proven. It is also not well understood that the toxic effects of radiation, for which there is no defined safe level, may not differ fundamentally from those of some chemical toxins for which a "safe" level in the body or in the environment has been declared.

CONT

Complicating the problem of public perceptions of the level of risk associated with radioactive wastes is the confusion induced by two fundamental principles of radio-biological and radiation protection theory. The first is the "no-threshold" hypothesis, and the second is the "as low as reasonably achievable, "or ALARA, principle. The first principle holds that there is no threshold below which exposure to radiation is entirely safe. The "no threshold" hypothesis-that any exposure to ionizing radiation, no matter how small, will increase the probability of a harmful consequence to an exposed individual-is an important scientific concept.... it is generally agreed that it is wise to err on the side of safety and work from the assumption that there is no safe level.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Radioprotection
  • Déchets nucléaires
OBS

Voir aussi le terme anglais «threshold limit value».

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Protección contra la radiación
  • Desechos nucleares
Save record 31

Record 32 1995-11-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Special-Language Phraseology
  • Internet and Telematics
DEF

Acronym from Robert Heinlein’s classic "The Moon is a Harsh Mistress", often invoked when balking at the poor quality of some piece of software, or at the signal-to-noise ratio of unmoderated USENET newsgroups.

CONT

(...) the purpose of this book(...) is to expound a constructive strategy of its own for coping with the environmental crisis. The fundamental principle on which this strategy is built may be expressed in a simple slogan-There Ain’t No Such Thing As A Free Lunch-the "TANSTAAFL principle", for short.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Phraséologie des langues de spécialité
  • Internet et télématique
OBS

Cette formule lapidaire correspond bien à l'idée exprimée par la vedette anglaise.

Spanish

Save record 32

Record 33 1994-06-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Management Operations (General)
  • Corporate Management (General)
CONT

The raison d’être for increased managerial autonomy in the public service is to improve the way organizations are managed and, hence, improve their performance. The idea is not new-it was first institutionalized in the Glassco plea to "let the manager manage. "The fundamental principle is to ensure managers have enough autonomy so that they can break with the traditional bureaucratic model, as necessary, and move to adopt more suitable management solutions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Opérations de la gestion (Généralités)
  • Gestion de l'entreprise (Généralités)
CONT

L'autonomie de gestion à la fonction publique doit être accrue afin d'améliorer la façon dont les organisations sont gérées et, par conséquent, leur rendement. L'idée n'est pas nouvelle; elle a déjà été institutionnalisée dans le plaidoyer de la Commission Glassco de «laisser le gestionnaire gérer». Le principe fondamental consiste à s'assurer que les gestionnaires ont suffisamment d'autonomie pour s'éloigner du modèle bureaucratique traditionnel, au besoin, et adopter des solutions de gestion plus appropriées.

Spanish

Save record 33

Record 34 1989-06-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Continuing Education
CONT

[In ENVISION], components are defined in a context-free fashion and do not refer to each other. To this end, their behavior is described strictly locally, that is, solely with respect to conduits that connect them to the rest of the device. Strict adherence to the locality principle is one way to comply with a more general principle, perhaps the most fundamental one uncovered by de Kleer and Brown.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Éducation permanente
DEF

Le fait d'être localisé dans un certain point.

OBS

Voir aussi délocalisation, non-localisation.

Spanish

Save record 34

Record 35 1987-03-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • International Public Law
CONT

... Switzerland's status or permanent neutrality remains a fundamental principle of international law.

CONT

A State under perpetual neutrality has its freedom of external action limited by its special international status ... In the case of a perpetually neutral State, the State is not authorized to become a party to international agreements connected with military purposes; it may not take part in any military alliances, or in the politics connected with these alliances.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit international public
DEF

neutralité perpétuelle : condition juridique et politique d'un État dont le statut international prescrit qu'il doit rester toujours en dehors de tout conflit armé.

CONT

La neutralité permanente est réalisée au moyen d'une convention internationale qui impose à un État donné l'obligation de ne jamais faire la guerre ou y prendre part, et aux autres signataires le devoir de garantir ou au moins de respecter cette condition juridique spéciale.

Spanish

Save record 35

Record 36 1986-12-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Law of Contracts (common law)
  • Life Insurance
CONT

The fundamental principle of an equity-linked contract is that the insured frees the life insurance company from all risk of a fall in the value of the assets covering the equity-linked part of the contract.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit des contrats (common law)
  • Assurance sur la vie

Spanish

Save record 36

Record 37 1985-01-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Human Behaviour
CONT

Freud viewed repetition-compulsion as an unconscious, instinctual impulse that is more fundamental than the pleasure-pain principle...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Comportement humain
DEF

expression utilisée par Freud pour caractériser la fonction dynamique de la pulsion, notamment dans le sens de son actualisation.

Spanish

Save record 37

Copyright notice for the TERMIUM Plus® data bank

© Public Services and Procurement Canada, 2026
TERMIUM Plus®, the Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank
A product of the Translation Bureau

Display options

Change the order of display of the official languages of Canada
Option to display the non-official languages (Spanish or Portuguese)
Display definitions, contexts, etc., on records

Features

GCtranslate (available on the Government of Canada network only)

Use this artificial intelligence prototype to translate Government of Canada content up to and including Protected B. Available to employees of selected departments and agencies only.

Writing tools

The Language Portal’s writing tools have a new look! Easy to consult, they give you access to a wealth of information that will help you write better in English and French.

Glossaries and vocabularies

Access Translation Bureau glossaries and vocabularies.

Date Modified: