TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Soil corridors. If there is not room above ground to implement a green corridor, UBC [University of British Columbia] could experiment with underground corridors that connect existing soft landscapes belowground. Assuming space is available below ground, then soil corridors could help conserve soil on campus and also may create more room for tree roots and mycorrhizal fungi to grow.... By proposing soil corridors as a method to increase ecological connectivity on campus, soils are more likely to be conserved if their importance for ecological connectivity and mycorrhizae is recognized and valued.  2, record 1, English, - soil%20corridor

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réseau formé de sols dont les caractéristiques physicochimiques et l'interconnexion favorisent le développement et la circulation des espèces qui y vivent.  2, record 1, French, - trame%20brune

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Trames brunes : Assurent les continuités souterraines (sols, habitats souterrains) par le maintien de zones de pleine terre. [...] Protection des espèces souterraines. Maintien des fonctions écologiques des sols.  3, record 1, French, - trame%20brune

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

trame brune : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 22 février 2026.  4, record 1, French, - trame%20brune

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The gastrointestinal(GI) tract of mammals is home to a large number and high diversity of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, which together build a complex micro-ecosystem and shape the host's physiology[. Many] studies have focused on the role of bacteria in the gut microbiome while overlooking the intestinal fungi, partly because of the low abundance of the latter, as they account for only 0. 01–0. 1% of the whole community... However, accumulating evidence suggests that the fungal community, also referred to as the mycobiota, is indeed an important member of the microbiota, thereby requiring detailed characterization... the gut mycobiota has also been implicated in various pathologies, particularly in intestinal inflammation and infection.  3, record 2, English, - intestinal%20mycobiota

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble de champignons microscopiques qui constituent une partie du microbiote intestinal.  2, record 2, French, - mycobiote%20intestinal

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mycobiote intestinal : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 18 juillet 2025.  3, record 2, French, - mycobiote%20intestinal

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, clear layer that covers the white surface of the eye and the inner eyelid.  4, record 3, English, - conjunctivitis

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Conjunctivitis is caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens, contact lens use, chemicals, fungi, and certain diseases.  5, record 3, English, - conjunctivitis

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Inflammation de la membrane muqueuse qui tapisse la face interne des paupières et une partie du globe oculaire.  2, record 3, French, - conjonctivite

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les conjonctivites peuvent être d'origine virale, bactérienne, parasitaire ou allergique. Elles peuvent également être causées des produits chimiques ou par l'utilisation de verres de contact.  2, record 3, French, - conjonctivite

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Inflamación de la conjuntiva.  2, record 3, Spanish, - conjuntivitis

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... a benefical organism is any organism that benefits the growing process, including insects, arachnids, some animals, plants, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes. Benefits include pest control, pollination, and maintenance of soil health.  2, record 4, English, - beneficial%20organism

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Organisme utile aux plantes cultivées soit en tant que prédateur ou parasite des bioagresseurs de cultures, soit en tant que pollinisateur indispensable à la fécondation de nombreuses espèces.  2, record 4, French, - auxiliaire%20de%20cultures

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

auxiliaire de cultures : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 7 septembre 2018.  3, record 4, French, - auxiliaire%20de%20cultures

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En el control biológico de plagas, se introducen en los cultivos agrícolas organismos beneficiosos como avispas parásitas y ácaros depredadores que depredan o parasitan plagas dañinas como pulgones, arañas rojas, mosca blanca u orugas.  1, record 4, Spanish, - organismo%20beneficioso

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The majority of leaf spots are caused by fungi, but some are caused by bacteria.  1, record 5, English, - leaf%20spot

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les taches foliaires peuvent être d'origine bactérienne ou fongique. Leur apparence ainsi que leur couleur (brune, jaune, noire, grise, blanche ou rouge) dépendent de leur cause.  1, record 5, French, - tache%20foliaire

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Saprolegniasis refers to mycosis caused by several species of aquatic oomycetous fungi(water molds). The genus Saprolegnia is most often associated with this condition.  6, record 6, English, - saprolegniasis

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les Saprolegniaceae du genre Saprolegnia, Aphanomyces et Achlya peuvent infecter les amphibiens, les mollusques, les crustacés, les poissons et leurs œufs causant la maladie que l'on nomme la saprolégniose. [...] La saprolégniose est souvent une infection secondaire qui est diagnostiquée par l'apparition de touffes cotonneuses blanches ou grisâtres qui, lorsque sorties de l'eau, ont une apparence plutôt mucoïde.  4, record 6, French, - saprol%C3%A9gniose

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Biological source material means... biological material sourced or derived from humans;... animals, including insects, or any biological material sourced or derived from them;... plants or any biological material sourced or derived from them; or... micro-organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and bacteriophages, or any biological material sourced or derived from them.  1, record 7, English, - biological%20source%20material

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tout matériel biologique obtenu ou dérivé d'un être humain; [...] tout animal — notamment tout insecte — ou tout matériel biologique obtenu ou dérivé d'un animal; [...] toute plante ou tout matériel biologique obtenu ou dérivé d'une plante; [...] tout micro-organisme — notamment toute bactérie, tout virus, tout champignon ou tout bactériophage — ou tout matériel biologique obtenu ou dérivé d'un micro-organisme.  1, record 7, French, - mat%C3%A9riel%20d%27origine%20biologique

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A fungal disease... caused by fungi Ascochyta fabae.  2, record 8, English, - ascochyta%20blight%20of%20faba%20bean

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ascochyta Blight of Faba Bean. Leaf spots are grey to brown, oval, and up to 1 cm in diameter with definite margins. Small, black pycnidia form in the center of lesions, often in a concentric ring pattern. Leaf spots may merge into irregular black patches causing a blighted appearance. Stem lesions are more elongated, usually sunken and reddish brown. Pod lesions are often sunken, tan to black, and frequently have darker margins. Infected seed may be discoloured and shrivelled.  3, record 8, English, - ascochyta%20blight%20of%20faba%20bean

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Maladie fongique [...] causée par le champignon Ascochyta fabae.  2, record 8, French, - ascochytose%20de%20la%20f%C3%A9verole

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ascochytose de la féverole. Les taches foliaires grises à brunes et ovales mesurent jusqu'à 1 cm de diamètre et présentent des contours définis. De petites pycnides noires se forment au centre des lésions, souvent sous forme d'anneaux concentriques. Les taches foliaires peuvent se fondre en zones noires irrégulières ressemblant à des brûlures. Sur la tige, les lésions sont plus allongées, habituellement renfoncées et brun rougeâtre. Sur les gousses, elles sont souvent renfoncées, de chamois à noir et leur contour est plus foncé. La maladie provoque la décoloration et le ratatinement des graines.  1, record 8, French, - ascochytose%20de%20la%20f%C3%A9verole

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An infection of the bloodstream with fungi of the genus Candida...  3, record 9, English, - candidemia

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une candidémie peut être transitoire ou précéder une véritable septicémie à Candida.  1, record 9, French, - candid%C3%A9mie

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Presencia de cándidas en la sangre periférica, por lo general como consecuencia de una endocarditis candidiásica o de una candidiasis generalizada.  1, record 9, Spanish, - candidemia

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fusariosis is an infection that affects plants, animals, and humans, and is caused by various fungi of the genus Fusarium...  1, record 10, English, - fusariosis

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La fusariose est une maladie courante des végétaux, et parfois de l'animal, causée par certains champignons décomposeurs couramment présents dans les sols, du genre Fusarium [...]  2, record 10, French, - fusariose

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enfermedad producida por un hongo parásito del género Fusarium.  1, record 10, Spanish, - fusariosis

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Living materials are a type of biohybrid material consisting of living elements and nonliving components. The living elements including bacteria, cells, fungi, and algae can endow materials with distinct functional properties, such as environmental bioremediation, in situ biosensing, biomolecular synthesis, and biomedical therapeutics. The nonliving components can protect living elements from extreme environments such as low temperature, high salinity, and water shortages. Benefiting from the combination of their respective advantages, living materials could react to the changing environmental conditions and have [a] useful function.  3, record 11, English, - engineered%20living%20material

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les systèmes biologiques sont constitués de matériaux vivants capables de s'autoréparer, d'interagir avec leur environnement et de se structurer de manière autonome.  2, record 11, French, - mat%C3%A9riau%20vivant

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Omphalotus olivascens has long been noted for its color giving characteristics. In addition it is known that some species like Hypomyces lactifluorum give more intense color the older and more rotten the specimen. Chemical changes obviously occur as an organism ages and senescence progresses. In some fungi these changes must result in the production of dye chemicals. This represents an interesting area of potential research for the natural dye chemist.  1, record 12, English, - natural%20dye%20chemist

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A spherical, cylindrical, or flask-shaped hollow fruiting body in various ascomycetous fungi that contains the asci and usually opens by a terminal pore.  1, record 13, English, - perithecium

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enveloppe microscopique de la fructification ayant la forme d'une bouteille et renfermant les asques chez les champignons ascomycètes.  1, record 13, French, - p%C3%A9rith%C3%A8ce

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A wood decay of various conifers and deciduous trees caused by various pore fungi.  2, record 14, English, - red%20heart

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A cavity appearing as a result of full destruction of the wood by wood-destroying fungi.  2, record 15, English, - hollow%20heart

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

hollow: designation and definition standardized by ISO.  3, record 15, English, - hollow%20heart

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

hollow heart: designation standardized by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA).  3, record 15, English, - hollow%20heart

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cavité apparaissant à la suite de la destruction totale du bois due à l'action des champignons lignivores.  1, record 15, French, - c%26oelig%3Bur%20creux

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cœur creux : désignation et définition normalisées par l'ISO.  2, record 15, French, - c%26oelig%3Bur%20creux

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mycomaterials are made from the mycelium or the mushroom fruit body of a fungi that is fused with a waste substrate. The substrate such as sawdust or hemp hurds provides nutrition for the fungi to develop a mycelium root network that bonds together the materials. Once it has finished growing the mycelium is heat treated to create an inert biocomposite material that is lightweight, thermally and acoustically insulating and fire resistant.  2, record 16, English, - mycomaterial

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Des] scientifiques élaborent des mycomatériaux, c'est-à-dire des matériaux constitués de champignons et d'écorces de résineux, qui pourraient notamment être utilisés comme emballages, panneaux d'isolation acoustique et panneaux structurants pour la construction.  2, record 16, French, - mycomat%C3%A9riau

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les propriétés des mycomatériaux ressemblent beaucoup à celles des styromousses.  3, record 16, French, - mycomat%C3%A9riau

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] discolouration on the germ end of kernels of grain caused by numerous species of fungi and bacteria.  1, record 17, English, - blackpoint

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Blackpoint is found in barley, triticale and wheat, although there is no separate tolerance defined for blackpoint in barley. Kernels are susceptible during periods of rainfall or humidity above 90% - particularly during filling or maturation. Blackpoint does not usually reduce yields, but it can reduce grade and quality. Blackpoint is especially troublesome on durum wheat because black specks can appear in the semolina.  1, record 17, English, - blackpoint

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Tache] près du germe des grains (grains mouchetés) causée par de nombreuses espèces de champignons et bactéries.  1, record 17, French, - moucheture

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La moucheture atteint l'orge, le triticale et le blé, mais on n'a fixé aucune tolérance distincte concernant l'orge mouchetée. Les grains y sont vulnérables pendant les périodes prolongées de pluie ou d'humidité supérieure à 90 %, notamment aux stades de remplissage et de croissance. La moucheture ne nuit pas normalement aux rendements, mais elle peut atteindre la qualité et constituer un facteur de déclassement. Les dégâts chez le blé dur peuvent être importants puisque les piqûres noires peuvent paraître dans la semoule et la rendre impropre à d'autres transformations.  1, record 17, French, - moucheture

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

That inhibits or prevents the growth of fungi.  2, record 18, English, - fungistatic

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui stoppe la croissance des champignons pathogènes.  2, record 18, French, - fongistatique

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A specific causative agent ... of disease.  3, record 19, English, - infectious%20agent

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

There are five main classes of infectious agents(pathogens) : bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and prions.  4, record 19, English, - infectious%20agent

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Agent précis responsable d'une maladie.  4, record 19, French, - agent%20infectieux

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Un agent infectieux] peut être une bactérie, un virus, un champignon, un parasite ou un prion.  5, record 19, French, - agent%20infectieux

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

pathogène : L'usage du qualificatif «pathogène» comme substantif est abusif.  6, record 19, French, - agent%20infectieux

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Microorganismo capaz] de producir una infección o una enfermedad infecciosa.  4, record 19, Spanish, - agente%20infeccioso

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 DEF

[Agente, microorganismo u] organismo capaz de producir enfermedad en una planta o animal propenso, incluido el ser humano.  5, record 19, Spanish, - agente%20infeccioso

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Utility poles carry electric cables, copper telephone lines, and fiber-optic internet cables a safe distance from the ground. Streetlights and electrical transformers are mounted on them.... In order to last for decades after they are sunk into the ground, wood utility poles need preservatives that fend off termites, fungi, and the elements.... About half the wood poles in the US [United States] are treated with pentachlorophenol...  2, record 20, English, - utility%20pole

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Historiquement, les poteaux des services publics pour le transport de l'électricité et des télécommunications ont été traités au PCP [pentachlorophénol]; une solution organochlorée dans une huile de pétrole.  2, record 20, French, - poteau%20des%20services%20publics

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El pentaclorofenol tuvo amplio uso como pesticida y para preservar madera. [...] Todavía se usa industrialmente como preservativo para madera en postes de empresas de servicio público, rieles de ferrocarriles y pilotes de muelles.  2, record 20, Spanish, - poste%20de%20servicios%20p%C3%BAblicos

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Applied to a tree or log bearing fructifications of wood-destroying fungi.  2, record 21, English, - conky

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'arbre fendu, troué, très branchu sur le tronc ou porteur de champignons lignivores est de ce fait vu par le forestier comme indésirable [...]  2, record 21, French, - porteur%20de%20champignons%20lignivores

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A dikaryotic spore formed by certain rust fungi in a small cup-shaped sorus, the aecium...  3, record 22, English, - aeciospore

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Spore produite dans une écie chez les Urédinales.  2, record 22, French, - %C3%A9cidiospore

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Espora asexual dicariótica que se produce en un ecidio en los hongos Uredinales.  2, record 22, Spanish, - ecidiospora

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[An agriculture technique that uses mycorrhizal fungi] to colonize plant roots and create a "mycelial sheath" for root tips... which increases absorption of nutrients and water and decreases disease.  2, record 23, English, - mycoagriculture

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique agricole qui utilise des champignons mycorhiziens pour coloniser les racines des plantes et créer une «gaine mycélienne» sur les extrémités des racines, ce qui augmente l'absorption des nutriments et de l'eau et réduit les risques de maladie.  1, record 23, French, - mycoagriculture

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Micorriza: define la simbiosis entre un hongo y las raíces de una planta.  2, record 23, Spanish, - agricultura%20mediante%20microrriza

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

[En la micorriza] el hongo permite a la planta captar más agua y nutrimentos minerales, así como defensas contra patógenos.  2, record 23, Spanish, - agricultura%20mediante%20microrriza

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A technology based on a fermentation process that transforms fungi into solid substrate and that is used in the manufacturing of industrial products.  4, record 24, English, - mycotechnology

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Mycotechnology allows the manufacture of industrial products such as biodegradable styrofoam, acoustic and insulating panels for construction, etc.  4, record 24, English, - mycotechnology

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technologie qui permet la fabrication de produits industriels à partir d'un procédé de fermentation qui transforme les champignons en substrat solide.  2, record 24, French, - mycotechnologie

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La mycotechnologie permet la fabrication de produits industriels tels que de la mousse de polystyrène biodégradable, des panneaux acoustiques et isolants pour la construction, des solvants pour favoriser la biodégradation des hydrocarbures, etc.  2, record 24, French, - mycotechnologie

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Por si no fuera ya suficiente, recientemente se han descubierto cepas de hongos capaces de degradar hidrocarburos, plásticos, fibras sintéticas, plaguicidas y otros residuos tóxicos, e incluso ciertos desechos radiactivos. Sea como sea, la revolución fungi ya comenzó: bienvenidos a la era de la micotecnología.  1, record 24, Spanish, - micotecnolog%C3%ADa

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A technique that uses] fungi for soil decontamination and the regeneration and protection of ecosystems.  2, record 25, English, - mycorestoration

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Technique ayant recours aux] champignons pour la dépollution des sols et la régénération et protection des écosystèmes.  2, record 25, French, - mycorestauration

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las bioaplicaciones de los hongos aluden a un concepto llamado micorestauración, que integra 4 componentes básicamente: micofiltración, micoforestación y micojardinería, micopesticidas y micoremediación.  1, record 25, Spanish, - micorestauraci%C3%B3n

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A specialist in] the scientific study of fungi.  1, record 26, English, - mycologist

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Spécialiste dans l'étude scientifique des champignons.  2, record 26, French, - mycologue

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Especialista en el estudio científico de los hongos.  3, record 26, Spanish, - mic%C3%B3logo

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Microbiology technologists test and analyze microscopic bacteria, fungi and viruses, working for hospitals and medical labs.  1, record 27, English, - microbiology%20technologist

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les technologues en microbiologie utilisent du matériel de laboratoire hautement spécialisé pour déterminer le type de bactéries, de virus et de cellules présents chez un patient. Ces professionnels préparent des cultures de tissus et de fluides et examinent de près ces échantillons afin de détecter les micro-organismes anormaux. Les technologues en microbiologie travaillent souvent en étroite collaboration avec les médecins pour découvrir la cause d'une maladie.  1, record 27, French, - technologue%20en%20microbiologie

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When learning to grow mushrooms you’re almost guaranteed to encounter some other fungi in the form of moulds. Moulds are the biggest competitor to the mushroom grower.  3, record 28, English, - mushroom%20grower

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A fungi of the family Phallaceae.  2, record 29, English, - netted%20stinkhorn

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Champignon de la famille des Phallaceae.  2, record 29, French, - satyre%20%C3%A0%20dentelle

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The breakdown of contaminants in the soil through microbial activity that is enhanced by the presence of the rhizosphere [root zone].  3, record 30, English, - rhizodegradation

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rhizodegradation... is a much slower process than phytodegradation. Microorganisms(yeast, fungi, or bacteria) consume and digest organic substances for nutrition and energy. Certain microorganisms can digest organic substances such as fuels or solvents that are hazardous to humans and break them down into harmless products through biodegradation. Natural substances released by the plant roots-sugars, alcohols, and acids-contain organic carbon that provides food for soil microorganisms, and the additional nutrients enhance their activity.  3, record 30, English, - rhizodegradation

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dégradation des polluants par les racines (processus internes) et par l'activité microbienne associée (processus externes).  4, record 30, French, - rhizod%C3%A9gradation

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] les plantes stimulent la croissance de micro-organismes aux alentours de leurs racines (zone appelée rhizosphère) par la sécrétion de substances naturelles.  3, record 30, French, - rhizod%C3%A9gradation

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An antibiotic drug active against various fungi.  2, record 31, English, - antimycin

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Unlike most other mammals, lagomorphs(including domestic rabbits) produce two types of droppings, fecal pellets(the round, dry ones you usually see in the litterbox) and cecotropes. The latter are produced in a region of the rabbit's digestive tract called the cecum, a blind-end pouch located at the junction of the small and large intestines. The cecum contains a natural community of bacteria and fungi that provide essential nutrients and may even protect the rabbit from potentially harmful pathogens.  3, record 32, English, - cecotrope

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The rabbit consumes the cecotropes as they exit the anus. The cecotropes are nutrient packed, dietary items that are essential for the rabbit’s health. Normal cecotropes are dark, greenish-brown and resemble tightly bunched grapes. Each cecotrope is a soft, shiny pellet covered with mucus, and pressed into an elongated mass. They have a strong odor and contain massive amounts of beneficial bacteria that when ingested are re-established in the caecum.  4, record 32, English, - cecotrope

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] il faut savoir que les lapins produisent normalement deux types de crottes : des excréments durs, qui sont les vraies selles et des excréments mous, qui se nomment cæcotrophes et qui font partie intégrante de l'alimentation du lapin. Il est plutôt rare d'observer ces crottes molles en grande quantité dans la cage, car généralement les lapins vont les ingérer directement à l'anus suite à une contorsion, et ce souvent très tôt le matin. Les cæcotrophes sont essentiels dans le régime alimentaire des lagomorphes. [Ils] fournissent un apport indispensable en vitamines (B et K), en acides aminés (composent les protéines), en acides gras volatils et en certains micro-organismes jouant un rôle majeur dans la digestion. Ils sont généralement de couleur foncée, de consistance molle, recouverts d'une couche de mucus et tendent à s'agglutiner ensemble.  2, record 32, French, - c%C3%A6cotrophe

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An interaction in which a phoretic animal (or phoront) latches itself onto a host animal for the purpose of dispersal.  3, record 33, English, - phoresy

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Examples of phoresis are the numerous sedentary protozoans, algae, and fungi that attach to the bodies of aquatic arthropods, turtles, etc.  2, record 33, English, - phoresy

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En zoologie, comportement de certains animaux se faisant transporter par d'autres.  1, record 33, French, - phor%C3%A9sie

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi. These diseases can spread from the environment or from one person to another resulting in illness...  3, record 34, English, - infectious%20disease

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les virus sont responsables de la majorité des maladies infectieuses. Ils sont parfois redoutables, et les armes pour les combattre, lorsqu'elles existent, sont surtout préventives (vaccination).  2, record 34, French, - maladie%20infectieuse

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Toutes] les maladies infectieuses ne sont pas contagieuses. En revanche, toutes les maladies contagieuses sont des maladies infectieuses.  2, record 34, French, - maladie%20infectieuse

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Manifestación clínica consecuente a una infección provocada por un microorganismo —como bacterias, hongos, virus, protozoos, etcétera— o por priones.  2, record 34, Spanish, - enfermedad%20infecciosa

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Facultative pathogens are organisms for which the host is only one of the niches they can exploit to reproduce. Facultative pathogens are primarily environmental bacteria and fungi that can occasionally cause infection.  1, record 35, English, - facultative%20pathogen

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[…] les pathogènes facultatifs sont capables de vivre et de se reproduire en dehors de [leur hôte] en le rendant malade à des degrés divers selon les conditions rencontrées.  2, record 35, French, - agent%20pathog%C3%A8ne%20facultatif

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La bacteria Gram negativa Pseudomona aeruginosa se comporta como un agente patógeno facultativo, ya que está presente en el tubo digestivo de los animales sanos, llegando a ser patógeno en condiciones desfavorables.  1, record 35, Spanish, - agente%20pat%C3%B3geno%20facultativo

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[The] artwork created by culturing microorganisms in certain patterns.  1, record 36, English, - germ%20art

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The [microorganisms] used can be bacteria, fungi, or less commonly protists. [They] can be chosen for their natural colors.  1, record 36, English, - germ%20art

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Œuvre d'art créée en cultivant des micro-organismes selon certains modèles.  4, record 36, French, - art%20microbien

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled conditions, which converts organic material into a stable humus-like product called compost. During the composting process, various microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, break down organic material into simpler substances. Composting is an aerobic process, meaning that the microorganisms require oxygen to do their work.  2, record 37, English, - composting

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le compostage est un procédé naturel qui transforme la matière organique en un produit ressemblant à de la terre appelé humus ou compost. La matière organique est décomposée par des micro-organismes tels que les bactéries et les champignons qui la transforment en éléments simples dont s'alimentent les végétaux. Ces micro-organismes ont besoin d'eau et d'air et non seulement de matières organiques.  2, record 37, French, - compostage

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

compostage : terme publié au Journal officiel de la République française le 14 avril 2009.  3, record 37, French, - compostage

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Decontamination objective is the elimination of bacteria, germs, fungi and viruses.  3, record 38, English, - decontamination%20objective

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An asexual spore of some algae and fungi that moves by means of flagella.  3, record 39, English, - zoospore

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Spore dépourvue de membrane cellulosique, mobile grâce à des flagelles, qui existe chez les algues et chez certains champignons vivant dans l'eau.  2, record 39, French, - zoospore

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Espora vegetal provista de cilios.  2, record 39, Spanish, - zoospora

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The chytrids are the simplest and most primitive Eumycota, or true fungi.  3, record 40, English, - chytrids

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Chytrids usually live in aquatic environments, although some species live on land. Some species thrive as parasites on plants, insects, or amphibians, while others are saprobes. Some chytrids cause diseases in many species of amphibians, resulting in species decline and extinction.  4, record 40, English, - chytrids

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 3 CONT

A chytrid fungus, Olpidium gregarium, was found in Rio Grande Reservoir as rotifers populations’ parasite.  5, record 40, English, - chytrids

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[…] groupe de champignons saprophytes ou parasites, majoritairement composés de champignons aquatiques […]  2, record 40, French, - chytrides

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le reste des espèces à spores uniflagellées et paroi cellulaire chitineuse restent des champignons et sont placés dans la nouvelle division des Chytridiomycota, qui est considérée comme la base évolutive des champignons […]  3, record 40, French, - chytrides

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis] appartient au groupe des chytrides, des champignons qui grandissent en tirant leurs nutriments de plantes ou des matières animales subaquatiques en décomposition.  4, record 40, French, - chytrides

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A destructive disease of cabbage and other plants especially of the family Cruciferae caused by certain fungi... and characterized by lesions in the stem near the soil surface that become sunken and dark and may girdle the stem.  3, record 41, English, - blackleg%20disease

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Blackleg, also known as stem canker or phoma stem canker, is actually attributed to a complex of two species, [Leptosphaeria] maculans and [Leptosphaeria] biglobosa.  1, record 41, English, - blackleg%20disease

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le champignon Phoma lingam (stade sexué : Leptosphaeria maculans) provoque divers types de dégâts sur les crucifères et en particulier sur les choux et le colza : lésions sur feuilles, tiges et siliques, et surtout la nécrose du collet entraînant la disparition de la plante en hiver ou son dessèchement prématuré après la floraison.  1, record 41, French, - n%C3%A9crose%20du%20collet

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

jambe noire : terme à éviter lorsqu'il s'agit de crucifères. La jambe noire, d'origine bactérienne (Pectobacterium carotovorum), affecte principalement la pomme de terre. La maladie qui affecte les crucifères comme le colza et le canola, et qui porte aussi le nom «blackleg» en anglais, est plutôt d'origine fongique (Phoma lingam ou Leptosphaeria maculans).  4, record 41, French, - n%C3%A9crose%20du%20collet

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

El patógeno Erwinia puede causar tanto pudrición blanda en semillas como pata negra en tallos.  1, record 41, Spanish, - pudrici%C3%B3n%20blanda

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The branch of botany dealing with fungi.  2, record 42, English, - mycology

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie de la botanique qui étudie les champignons.  2, record 42, French, - mycologie

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte de la botánica que trata de los hongos.  3, record 42, Spanish, - micolog%C3%ADa

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Crown rot, sometimes called southern blight or southern stem rot, is caused by several soil-borne fungi.  1, record 43, English, - crown%20rot

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les principaux champignons qui causent des pourritures du collet, de la tige et des racines sont le Rhizoctonia (tige), le Pythium (racines), le Thielaviopsis et le Phytophthora.  1, record 43, French, - pourriture%20du%20collet

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The mission of the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi is to promote the science of fungal taxonomy, both by facilitating the development of high scientific standards among practising taxonomists, and by providing information to people who need to access or interpret taxonomic information on fungal taxonomy.  1, record 44, English, - International%20Commission%20on%20the%20Taxonomy%20of%20Fungi

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Commission internationale de la taxonomie des champignons : traduction non officielle donnée à titre d’information seulement.  2, record 44, French, - International%20Commission%20on%20the%20Taxonomy%20of%20Fungi

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous infection caused by various genera of fungi[, which] is marked by progressive destruction of soft tissue and nearby anatomic structures.  1, record 45, English, - fungal%20mycetoma

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

B47.0: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  4, record 45, English, - fungal%20mycetoma

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les mycétomes fongiques (eumycétomes) sont des pseudo-tumeurs inflammatoires développées dans le tissu conjonctif sous-cutané, édifiées par une réaction fibreuse autour d'un granulome primitif.  4, record 45, French, - myc%C3%A9tome%20fongique

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

B47.0 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  5, record 45, French, - myc%C3%A9tome%20fongique

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mycetoma is a twofold disease complex, caused either by large filamentous bacteria(actinomycetoma) or by fungi(eumycetoma)...  2, record 46, English, - mycetoma

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

B47: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  3, record 46, English, - mycetoma

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] pseudotumeur inflammatoire localisée au tissu sous-cutané, contenant des grains fongiques (champignons) ou actinomycosiques (bactéries filamenteuses).  2, record 46, French, - myc%C3%A9tome

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

B47 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  3, record 46, French, - myc%C3%A9tome

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A mycosis caused by a fungus of low virulence that can establish an infection only as a consequence of factors such as the presence of debilitating disease or the administration of immunosuppressive and other therapeutic agents or radiation therapy.  1, record 47, English, - opportunistic%20mycosis

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Most of the causal fungi are normally saprophytic in soil and decaying vegetation.  1, record 47, English, - opportunistic%20mycosis

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 OBS

B48.7: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  2, record 47, English, - opportunistic%20mycosis

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mycose causée par un champignon de faible virulence qui ne peut donner un état infectieux qu'en raison de la présence de certains facteurs tels que l'existence d'une maladie débilitante ou l'administration d'agents thérapeutiques immunosuppresseurs ou autres, ou de radiothérapie.  1, record 47, French, - mycose%20opportuniste

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La plupart des champignons responsables sont des saprophytes habituels du sol et de végétaux en décomposition.  1, record 47, French, - mycose%20opportuniste

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 OBS

B48.7 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  2, record 47, French, - mycose%20opportuniste

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A palynologist studies fossilized fungi spores and plant pollen, and their relationships within an environment.  2, record 48, English, - palynologist

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Spécialiste de l'étude des pollens (palynologie).  2, record 48, French, - palynologue

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Various formulations have been developed using mixtures of copper salts with or without arsenic and chromium. Some of these systems, such as... chromated copper arsenate(CCA), are very effective preservatives against common types of wood-destroying fungi. They are widely used in pressure treatments...  2, record 49, English, - chromated%20copper%20arsenate

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chromated copper arsenate: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  3, record 49, English, - chromated%20copper%20arsenate

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

arséniate de cuivre chromaté : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  2, record 49, French, - ars%C3%A9niate%20de%20cuivre%20chromat%C3%A9

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Food that has something in it, or on it, that shouldn’t be there.  1, record 50, English, - contaminated%20food

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Food poisoning is a general term for health problems arising from eating contaminated food. Food may be contaminated by bacteria, viruses, environmental toxins, or toxins present within the food itself, such as the poisons in some mushrooms.  1, record 50, English, - contaminated%20food

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Examples of contaminants are :-Microbes or viruses :... such as bacteria, fungi, algae and protozoa;-Chemicals contaminants : chemicals used for cleaning or for pest control can also make people very ill.... Metals such as aluminium, lead and mercury are toxic if they enter food;...-Natural toxins : these can be formed when food is not stored correctly;...-Physical contaminants : this refers to foreign objects in food, for example pieces of metal or glass.... Other foreign objects are hair, fingernails, nail varnish and sticking plasters;-Other food dangers : some quite ordinary foods and food additives are toxic to some people because they produce severe allergic reactions.  1, record 50, English, - contaminated%20food

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les aliments contaminés, comme la viande crue et les œufs mal cuits, constituent la source la plus fréquente de la maladie. Omettre de laver fruits et légumes avant de les consommer ou de nettoyer avec soin les surfaces de travail dans la cuisine peut aussi vous exposer aux salmonelles.  2, record 50, French, - aliment%20contamin%C3%A9

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Alimento que contiene microorganismos patógenos y/o contaminantes químicos o físicos, los cuales son nocivos para el consumo humano.  2, record 50, Spanish, - alimento%20contaminado

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las enfermedades por alimentos contaminados son causadas por alimentos que contienen bacterias peligrosas, toxinas, parásitos, virus o contaminantes.  1, record 50, Spanish, - alimento%20contaminado

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A fungus of the family Nidulariaceae.  2, record 51, English, - bird%27s%20nest%20fungus

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fruit body small, less than 10 mm across when mature, resembling a vase or miniature nest with small pill-like structures inside. Bird's-nest fungi are too small to be useful as food.  3, record 51, English, - bird%27s%20nest%20fungus

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Carpophore de petite taille, moins de 10 mm de diamètre à la maturité, en forme de gobelet ou de petit nid, dans lequel repose des organes en forme de petit œuf.  1, record 51, French, - nidulaire

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

À cause de leur petite taille, les nidulaires ne sont pas recherchées pour la consommation.  1, record 51, French, - nidulaire

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A physician who specializes in the ear and its diseases.  2, record 52, English, - ear%20specialist

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

External otitis creates infectious debris that can block drops from reaching the bacteria or fungi. Your ear specialist's first step is to culture and remove the pus or debris using an ear microscope.  3, record 52, English, - ear%20specialist

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans un cas de perte soudaine ou progressive de l"équilibre, il est préférable d'approcher un spécialiste des oreilles le plus rapidement possible. Il ne faut surtout pas oublier que les différents problèmes liés à une défaillance oto rhino laryngologique peuvent facilement passer du nez à la bouche ou aux oreilles.  2, record 52, French, - sp%C3%A9cialiste%20des%20oreilles

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish