TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Lewis Mark 1 had a gas operated, automatic action and was recognisable by its distinctive cooling barrel. The design of the gun allowed rapid firing with the rate of fire approximately 500-600 rounds per minute.  1, record 1, English, - cooling%20barrel

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La MG 08 a été adoptée par l'armée allemande en 1908. Cette arme automatique se décompose en deux fardeaux principaux : l'arme elle-même et son affût. Son canon est refroidi par un manchon réfrigérant contenant 4 litres d'eau.  2, record 1, French, - manchon%20de%20refroidissement

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Liquid fractions produced during cooling and pressure operations in the production of... natural gas.  5, record 2, English, - natural%20gas%20condensate

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

natural gas condensate: designation standardized by ISO.  6, record 2, English, - natural%20gas%20condensate

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fractions liquides qui se forment au cours des opérations de refroidissement et de pressurisation lors de la production du gaz naturel [...]  3, record 2, French, - condensat%20de%20gaz%20naturel

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

condensat de gaz naturel : désignation normalisée par l'ISO.  4, record 2, French, - condensat%20de%20gaz%20naturel

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

condensat; condensat de gaz naturel : désignations publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 septembre 2018.  4, record 2, French, - condensat%20de%20gaz%20naturel

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Hidrocarburo existente como gas en una reserva, que se separa como líquido al llegar a la superficie.  2, record 2, Spanish, - condensado

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Main vessel cooling system is achieved using a derived cold flow from the strongback closed part through pipes routing the sodium to the main vessel cylindrical part. An "immersed weir" limits the risk of gas entrainment and ensures creep and fatigue resistance of the main vessel over 60 years.  2, record 3, English, - immersed%20weir

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cylindre situé à l'intérieur de la cuve du circuit primaire et concentrique à celle-ci, qui assure la remontée le long de la cuve d'une fraction du sodium froid et son retour par débordement vers le collecteur froid.  1, record 3, French, - d%C3%A9versoir

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La circulation du sodium froid dans le déversoir maintient la cuve à une température inférieure à celle du sodium chaud et contribue ainsi à sa bonne tenue mécanique.  1, record 3, French, - d%C3%A9versoir

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

déversoir : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 2 septembre 2020.  2, record 3, French, - d%C3%A9versoir

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gas cooling is not a fire extinguishment method but simply a way of reducing the hazard presented by the hot gas layer. This technique is effective when faced with a shielded fire; that is, one you cannot see from the doorway because objects are shielding it.  1, record 4, English, - gas%20cooling

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le refroidissement des gaz n'est pas une méthode d'extinction, mais simplement un moyen d'atténuer le risque que représente la couche de gaz chauds. Cette technique est efficace dans le cas d'un feu masqué; il s'agit d'un feu qui ne peut être vu de l'entrée de porte car des objets forment un écran.  1, record 4, French, - refroidissement%20des%20gaz

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A reactor which uses carbon dioxide as coolant, natural uranium metal as fuel and graphite as moderator.  6, record 5, English, - graphite%2Dmoderated%20gas%2Dcooled%20reactor

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The gas-cooled graphite moderated power reactor is moderated by graphite, and the cooling is achieved by passing large volumes of carbon dioxide through the pile. The hot gas is then passed through a heat exchanger to produce the steam for the turbines in a secondary circuit.  7, record 5, English, - graphite%2Dmoderated%20gas%2Dcooled%20reactor

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

graphite-moderated gas-cooled reactor: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  8, record 5, English, - graphite%2Dmoderated%20gas%2Dcooled%20reactor

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réacteur alimenté à l'uranium naturel métallique, refroidi au gaz carbonique et modéré au graphite.  3, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9acteur%20refroidi%20au%20gaz%20et%20mod%C3%A9r%C3%A9%20au%20graphite

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réacteur à réfrigérant gazeux modéré par graphite : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9acteur%20refroidi%20au%20gaz%20et%20mod%C3%A9r%C3%A9%20au%20graphite

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An apparatus used to transform the condensable fraction(consisting of water vapour and/or of the higher hydrocarbons) of the vapour phase present in natural gas into a liquid phase by cooling.  1, record 6, English, - condenser

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

condenser: term and definition standardized by ISO in 2014.  2, record 6, English, - condenser

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Appareil utilisé pour faire passer, par réfrigération, la fraction condensable de la vapeur d’eau et/ou des hydrocarbures supérieurs contenus dans le gaz naturel de l’état de vapeur à l’état liquide.  1, record 6, French, - condenseur

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

condenseur : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO en 2014.  2, record 6, French, - condenseur

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The two types of incinerators in wide use are the multiple hearth incinerator and the fluid bed incinerator. The multiple hearth... consists of several tiers through which the sludge is dropped. The upper layers of the incinerator are used for the vaporization of moisture and cooling of the exhaust gases. Volatile gas and solids are burned in the intermediate layers while the lower layers are used for the slow burning compounds and the cooling of the ash.  4, record 7, English, - multiple%20hearth%20incinerator

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] type de four [...] constitué essentiellement par une série de plateaux (ou soles) sur lesquels le produit cascade de haut en bas. [...] La boue qui, dans les étages supérieurs est progressivement séchée [...] tombe ensuite sur la sole de combustion [...] La combustion se termine sur les soles inférieures. Les cendres refroidies au contact de l'air frais comburant sont le plus souvent déversées [...] dans une capacité d'extinction remplie d'eau.  1, record 7, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20soles%20%C3%A9tag%C3%A9es

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Horno cilíndrico con la parte central giratoria equipada de rasquetas que mueven el carbón activo piso a piso.  1, record 7, Spanish, - horno%20de%20pisos

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A fire that cannot be seen because it is blocked by objects, thus interfering with the extinguishing process.  2, record 8, English, - shielded%20fire

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The gas cooling] technique is effective when faced with a shielded fire; that is, one you cannot see from the doorway because objects are shielding it.  1, record 8, English, - shielded%20fire

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Feu qui ne peut être vu, en raison d'objets qui le bloquent, ce qui empêche de bien pouvoir l'éteindre.  2, record 8, French, - feu%20masqu%C3%A9

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] technique [de refroidissement des gaz] est efficace dans le cas d'un feu masqué; il s'agit d'un feu qui ne peut être vu de l'entrée de porte car des objets forment un écran.  1, record 8, French, - feu%20masqu%C3%A9

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A means of reducing pressure within the containment of a nuclear reactor in the event of an accident, for example, by the condensing of steam and the cooling of gas in water pools, ice condensers, and pebble beds.  1, record 9, English, - pressure%20suppression

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pressure suppression: term and definition standardized by ISO.  2, record 9, English, - pressure%20suppression

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Moyen employé pour réduire la pression dans l'enceinte de confinement d'un réacteur nucléaire en cas d'accident, par exemple par condensation de vapeur et refroidissement du gaz dans des bassins, dans des condenseurs à glace et dans des couches de billes.  1, record 9, French, - suppression%20de%20pression

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

suppression de pression : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  2, record 9, French, - suppression%20de%20pression

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process of making film by extruding a thermoplastic tube kept continuously inflated by internal gas pressure during stretching and cooling.  3, record 10, English, - film%20blowing

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

film blowing: term and definition standardized by ISO.  4, record 10, English, - film%20blowing

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de fabrication de feuille mince, par extrusion d'une gaine thermoplastique maintenue à l'état gonflé par une pression interne de gaz pendant son expansion et son refroidissement.  6, record 10, French, - soufflage%20de%20feuille%20mince

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

soufflage de feuille mince : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  7, record 10, French, - soufflage%20de%20feuille%20mince

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proceso de hacer películas por extrusión a través de un cabezal anular formando un tubo termoplástico que se mantiene continuamente inflado por presión interna de gas durante el embutido y enfriado.  1, record 10, Spanish, - soplado%20de%20la%20pel%C3%ADcula

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We are deeply involved in cogeneration plants including biomass and gas turbines. ... Co-Generation Power Island. .... "Power Islands," "Merchant Plants," "Across the Fence Cogeneration," "Third Party Steam Plants," and "Client CHP" are some of the names used to refer to unconventional commercial arrangements for the production and procurement of steam and electrical power to pulp and paper mills. Although the term "Power Island" is often used to describe third party cogeneration facilities, the concept is completely different from an island. The power house that provides the steam and power to the mill has a direct and immediate effect on the pulp mill’s operational stability and uptime as well as the operating costs.  2, record 11, English, - power%20island

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The IGCC [Integrated Gasification with Combined Cycle] demonstration plant in Puertollano features many advantages compared to conventional coal fired power stations with flue gas desulphurization(FGD) and DeNOx systems :... The plant consists of the following three main units : Power island, gasification island, and oxygen production plant(Air Separation).... The power island. The combined cycle in the Puertollano plant... can be operated both with natural gas and synthesis gas. The main features are : A 200 MWe(ISO) Siemens model V94. 3 gas turbine. A three-pressure level and IP steam reheating heat recovery steam generator designed by Babcock able to additionally superheat the steam generated through raw gas cooling in the gasification. A two casing reheat steam turbine designed by Siemens that delivers roughly 135 MWe. The clean coal gas is burned by the coal gas burners in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. The sensible heat of extracted air is used for clean gas saturation, low pressure steam production and preheating of impure nitrogen. [Text accompanied by a schematic diagram. ]  3, record 11, English, - power%20island

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The liberalization of the energy market is demanding more-efficient power plants using cheaper fuels. ... The first option ... is to convert old oil- or existing gas-fired power plants to new combined-cycle power plants. The second option is to convert old oil- or existing gas-fired units to efficient and environmentally friendly power plants that burn cheaper fuels, using the best available technology for the power island and the flue gas treatment equipment.  4, record 11, English, - power%20island

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Power island turbine generator.  5, record 11, English, - power%20island

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les ingénieurs français de la firme qui réalisait l'étude d'avant-projet de la centrale du Suroît avaient pour habitude d'utiliser l'expression «îlot puissance». On trouve aussi «îlot de puissance» dans un schéma publié par la compagnie Alstom et «îlot gazéification» [équivalent du terme anglais voisin «gasification island», voir aussi cette fiche] dans un article des Techniques de l'ingénieur portant sur la technologie de gazéification intégrée à un cycle combiné (vol. BE 3, article B8920, avril 1997, paragraphe 4.2.1). [Renseignements obtenus du service linguistique d'Hydro-Québec.]  1, record 11, French, - %C3%AElot%20puissance

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An external combustion engine that converts heat into useable mechanical energy(shaftwork) by the heating(expanding) and cooling(contracting) of a captive gas such as helium or hydrogen.  4, record 12, English, - Stirling%20engine

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... invented in the nineteenth century [it] is potentially more efficient than a steam engine.  5, record 12, English, - Stirling%20engine

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Moteur à combustion externe qui transforme la chaleur en énergie mécanique utilisable par chauffage (expansion) et refroidissement (contraction) d'un gaz captif tel que l'hélium ou l'hydrogène.  2, record 12, French, - moteur%20Stirling

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gas quenching is a relatively new process with several important advantages, such as minimal environmental impact, clean products, and ability to control the cooling locally and temporally for best product properties. To meet the high cooling rates required for quenching, the cooling gas must flow at very high velocities, and such flows are highly turbulent and separated.  2, record 13, English, - gas%20quench

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'invention concerne un procédé de trempe au gaz de pièces métalliques après traitement thermique dans un four, la trempe au gaz s'effectuant dans le four même ou dans une chambre autonome et les gaz de refroidissement utilisés étant des gaz contenant de l'hélium. Un recyclage des gaz de refroidissement est effectué.  2, record 13, French, - trempe%20au%20gaz

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La trempe au gaz, moins sévère que l'huile, permet de limiter au minimum les déformations.  3, record 13, French, - trempe%20au%20gaz

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Coolant. A liquid(or gas) including liquid propellants used as a cooling medium, e. g. as a film or a surface or in a coolant jacket.  2, record 14, English, - liquid%20coolant

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le refroidissement [des éjecteurs de tuyère] peut s'effectuer par circulation d'un liquide en double paroi.  2, record 14, French, - liquide%20de%20refroidissement

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An inert light gas, He, which is odorless, colorless, and not flammable.  2, record 15, English, - helium

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Helium is extracted from natural gas sources in the Texas and Oklahoma ... and Southwest Kansas ... The element is believed to be trapped in the natural gas pockets after disintegration from uranium and thorium.  3, record 15, English, - helium

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... uses for helium[ :] filling party balloons as it is a much safer gas(non-flammable) ;widely used as an inert gas shield for arc welding; high speed push gas inside air to air missiles for guidance corrections; protective gas in growing silicon and germanium crystals, and in titanium and zirconium production; cooling medium for nuclear reactors, helium won’t become radioactive; a mixture of 80% helium and 20% oxygen is used as an artificial atmosphere for divers and others working under pressure; cryogenics and superconductivity; rare document preservation... Independence) ;as a gas for supersonic wind tunnels; pressurizing agent for liquid fuel rockets(inert so won’t react) ;leak detection agent for extremely small leaks; nuclear detonation simulations(using conventional explosives) ;isotopic dating by helium ratios(seawater, ocean beds, etc) ;helium/neon lasers; helium cardio-pulmonary resuscitation pump(heart surgery) ;helium filled border patrol "AEROSTAT" monitoring blimps.  4, record 15, English, - helium

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Helium has an atomic number of 2, an atomic weight of 4, density of 0.1785 kg/m³ at STP. Helium can be liquefied at 4.2 K (-269°C).  2, record 15, English, - helium

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gaz rare le plus léger.  2, record 15, French, - h%C3%A9lium

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(Élément de symbole He). Numéro atomique : 2. Masse atomique : 4,0026. Température de fusion : -269,7 °C. Température d'ébullition : -268,934 °C. Masse volumique : 0,126 g/cm³. État d'oxydation : 0.  2, record 15, French, - h%C3%A9lium

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Gaz rare utilisé en mélange pour la plongée profonde.  3, record 15, French, - h%C3%A9lium

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A technology that uses high-intensity sound waves in a pressurised gas to pump heat from one place to another.  2, record 17, English, - thermoacoustic%20refrigeration

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thermoacoustic refrigeration is a novel refrigeration process utilizing acoustic energy to produce heat pumping. The process uses standing acoustic waves in an enclosed cavity to generate the mechanical compression and expansion of a working fluid(gas in this case) needed for the cooling cycle. The technique has the potential for high efficiency operation without the need for cooling liquids or mechanical moving parts.  3, record 17, English, - thermoacoustic%20refrigeration

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Part of the information contained in the English module of this record was provided by students of the Introduction to Terminology and Terminography class, section A, U. of Ottawa, Fall 2004.  4, record 17, English, - thermoacoustic%20refrigeration

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technologie de réfrigération écologique alternative qui refroidit au rythme d'ondes sonores.  2, record 17, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9ration%20thermoacoustique

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Frigo écologique. Steve Garrett, un physicien américain [...], [a mis] au point un réfrigérateur thermoacoustique, dans lequel la chaleur est pompée par l'action d'ondes sonores de forte intensité sur un gaz. Découvert au début des années 80, cet effet de réfrigération thermoacoustique a permis à Garrett [...] de construire un premier prototype [...]. L'avantage de ces frigos d'un nouveau type : ils ne font pas appel aux gaz CFC, considérés comme nuisibles pour la couche d'ozone.  1, record 17, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9ration%20thermoacoustique

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Certains renseignements inclus dans le module français de cette fiche ont été fournis par les étudiants du cours d'Initiation à la terminologie et à la terminographie, section A, U. d'Ottawa, automne 2004.  3, record 17, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9ration%20thermoacoustique

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las máquinas termoacústicas son dispositivos que transforman energía térmica (calor) en potencia acústica (sonido) y viceversa. Existen en el mundo dos ramas principales de estudio en esta disciplina, refrigeración termoacústica y máquinas termoacústicas de presión. Las primeras, como su nombre lo dice, se utilizan como dispositivos de refrigeración con excelentes resultados comerciales, las segundas pretenden sustituir a algunas máquinas de combustión interna.  1, record 17, Spanish, - refrigeraci%C3%B3n%20termoac%C3%BAstica

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Anemometer used for measuring wind speed from the variations either in temperature or in resistance of a metal wire which is heated by an electric current and loses more heat as the wind increases.  4, record 18, English, - hot%2Dwire%20anemometer

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hot-wire anemometer... is an important device used principally in research on air turbulence and boundary layers. There are two types, known as constant-voltage and constant-temperature. The cooling of an electrically heated fine wire placed in a gas stream which alters wire resistance depends on the fluid velocity. With the constant-voltage type, as soon as the gas starts flowing, the hot wire cools off, the voltage across a Wheatstone bridge connected to the wire is kept constant, and the calibrated galvanometer shows a reading related to the velocity.  5, record 18, English, - hot%2Dwire%20anemometer

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Anémomètre donnant la vitesse du vent d'après les variations de température et de résistance d'un fil métallique chauffé par un courant électrique et qui perd plus de chaleur à mesure que le vent augmente.  3, record 18, French, - an%C3%A9mom%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20fil%20chaud

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les anémomètres à fil chaud, qui sont surtout utilisés pour mesurer les variations rapides de la vitesse du vent, un fil métallique chauffé électriquement est plus ou moins refroidi suivant la vitesse, par exemple dans un écoulement turbulent. On mesure la résistance électrique du fil, qui est fonction de sa température, donc de la vitesse du vent.  4, record 18, French, - an%C3%A9mom%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20fil%20chaud

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[...] les anémomètres à fil chaud étant sensibles indifféremment aux fluctuations de la vitesse de l'air et aux fluctuations de température.  5, record 18, French, - an%C3%A9mom%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20fil%20chaud

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Anemómetro para medir la velocidad del viento basado en las variaciones de temperatura y resistencia eléctrica de un filamento metálico calentado por una corriente eléctrica y que pierde más calor a medida que aumenta el viento.  1, record 18, Spanish, - anem%C3%B3metro%20de%20filamento%20caliente

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The cooling of a gas after its compression.  2, record 19, English, - aftercooling

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

postrefroidissement : proposition sous toutes réserves sur le modèle de «postrefroidisseur» (en anglais : «aftercooler»), relevé dans TERMIUM.  2, record 19, French, - refroidissement%20apr%C3%A8s%20combustion

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Advanced Gradient Heating Facility(AGHF)... The AGHF supports the production of advanced semiconductor materials and alloys using the directional solidification process, which depends on establishing a hot side and a cold side in the sample(a temperature gradient). It provides an extremely stable temperature environment of up to 1, 400°C, high-temperature gradients of up to 100°C/cm in the solidification zone, slow movement of the gradient across a sample to provide slow growth rates, efficient cooling through the use of a liquid metal cooling ring attached to the sample container, and Peltier pulse marking capability. The AGHF consists of three modules mounted in one side of a Spacelab double rack : the Core Facility Module contains the processing chamber with the furnace inside; the Electronics Module contains the controls and equipment necessary to operate the furnace; and the Gas Storage Module contains argon for chamber repressurization and sample cooling.  2, record 20, English, - advanced%20gradient%20heating%20facility

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

advanced gradient heating facility; AGHF: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  3, record 20, English, - advanced%20gradient%20heating%20facility

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans les conditions de microgravité de l'espace, il est possible d'éliminer nombre de ces imperfections produites sous l'effet de la pesanteur. Les chercheurs LMS [Laboratoire de mécanique des fluides] ont produit dans le Four perfectionné à gradient (GHF pour Gradient Heating Facility) des matériaux et des alliages de semiconducteurs de pointe selon la technique de la solidification directionnelle qui repose sur l'établissement d'une portion chaude et d'une portion froide à l'intérieur d'un échantillon (gradient de température).  3, record 20, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20gradient%20%C3%A0%20haute%20temp%C3%A9rature

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

four à gradient à haute température; AGHF : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  5, record 20, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20gradient%20%C3%A0%20haute%20temp%C3%A9rature

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Research initiatives include the development of a novel, high pressure gas atomization process that employs powder metallurgical methods to produce a variety of materials from high-strength/high-conductivity alloys to lightweight structural composites and permanent magnet materials.  2, record 22, English, - gas%20atomization

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Inert, high pressure gas atomization.  3, record 22, English, - gas%20atomization

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

High-velocity air or gas impinges on a stream of molten metal(which) breaks up into small particles and solidifies in flight by convection and radiation cooling.  4, record 22, English, - gas%20atomization

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La dispersion par jet de gaz inerte consiste à diriger des jets de gaz vers le métal en fusion.  1, record 22, French, - dispersion%20par%20jet%20de%20gaz

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Dispersion par jet de gaz inerte.  1, record 22, French, - dispersion%20par%20jet%20de%20gaz

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Several [internal cooling] systems have been developed that incorporate three basic approaches : liquified gas, super-cold air with water vapor, and air exchange methods. With the liquified gas system, immediately after the parison has been expanded, liquid carbon dioxide or nitrogen is atomized through a nozzle in the blow pin into the interior of the bottle. The liquid quickly vaporizes, removing heat, and exhausts at the end of the cycle. In practice, this method has improved production rates by 25 to 35%. A disadvantage is the cost of the liquified gas. If its consumption is not precisely controlled, the total cost savings becomes minimal.  1, record 23, English, - liquified%20gas%20system

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le temps de refroidissement devient pratiquement proportionnel au carré de l'épaisseur, c'est pourquoi on a songé à compléter le refroidissement par contact avec l'empreinte par un refroidissement interne selon les différents procédés décrits ci-après. a) Renouvellement de l'air de soufflage. [...] b) Balayage au dioxyde de carbone. Après soufflage à l'air, on injecte du CO₂ qui, sous forme liquéfiée sous 20 bar à une température de -20 °C, a un pouvoir réfrigérant de 314 kJ/kg (entre -20 et 0 °C). De plus, l'enthalpie de vaporisation de CO₂ élevée (289 kJ/kg) favorise le refroidissement de la paroi interne des corps creux. On peut atteindre une cadence augmentée de 40% à condition, bien entendu, que la capacité d'extrusion en amont le permette. Toutefois, ce type de refroidissement ne paraît rentable que pour de fortes épaisseur (1 mm et plus) ou pour des corps creux de capacité supérieure à cinq litres. c) Procédé ISC (Internal Surface Cooling). [...] d) Procédé ALEX. Commercialisé par la Société Air Liquide, ce procédé utilise un échangeur fonctionnant avec de l'azote liquide pour refroidir à une température de -50 °C à -100 °C l'air ensuite utilisé pour le balayage du corps creux.  2, record 23, French, - balayage

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans les cas très difficiles, l'air est remplacé par de l'azote liquide. La transition liquide-gaz de l'azote se produit dans la canne de soufflage et l'objet est alors soufflé par ce gaz très froid.  3, record 23, French, - balayage

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

On peut aussi pratiquer un refroidissement accéléré par injection de CO₂.  4, record 23, French, - balayage

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Separating tank placed between the expansion valve and the evaporator, to allow refrigerant that has flashed from liquid to vapour during the cooling from condensing to evaporating temperature to be removed from the evaporator circuit to avoid passing this gas through the evaporator.  2, record 24, English, - flash%20chamber

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réservoir placé entre détendeur et évaporateur pour éliminer la vapeur qui a pu se former au cours du refroidissement de la température de condensation à la température d'évaporation, et éviter de l'envoyer à travers l'évaporateur.  2, record 24, French, - chambre%20de%20s%C3%A9paration

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Movement of gas(oil vapour or air) in or out of the vents of storage vessels due to alternate heating and cooling. [Definition standardized by ISO. ]  1, record 25, English, - breathing%20of%20containers

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Particularly applied to diurnal variations in ambient temperature.  1, record 25, English, - breathing%20of%20containers

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

breathing of containers: term standardized by ISO.  2, record 25, English, - breathing%20of%20containers

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mouvement d'entrée et de sortie par les évents des réservoirs de stockage, de gaz (vapeur d'huile ou air), dû aux variations de température. [Définition normalisée par l'ISO.]  1, record 25, French, - respiration%20des%20r%C3%A9servoirs

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

S'applique particulièrement aux variations diurnes de la température ambiante.  1, record 25, French, - respiration%20des%20r%C3%A9servoirs

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

respiration des réservoirs : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  2, record 25, French, - respiration%20des%20r%C3%A9servoirs

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A non profit organization created in 1994, has as its mission implementing the National Earth Comfort Program. The National Earth Comfort Program is a collaborative effort between the US Department of Energy, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and private sector organizations interested in promoting the growth of energy-efficient, environmentally friendly heating and cooling technology. The GHPC' s specific area of interest is in increasing the use of GeoExchange technology for both commercial and residential heating and cooling. GeoExchange systems use the earth's renewable energy to provide heating in winter, and cooling in summer, with energy consomption 25% to 50% less than traditional oil, natural gas, and electric heat pump systems. Moreover because GeoExchange systems burn no fossil fuels in creating heat, they reduce greenhouse gas emissions substantially, and eliminate a source of carbon monoxide inside the homes and commercial buildings where they’re used.  1, record 26, English, - Geothermal%20Heat%20Pump%20Consortium

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Refrigeration in which cooling is effected by the expansion of liquid ammonia into gas and absorption of the gas by water; the ammonia is reused after the water evaporates.  1, record 27, English, - absorption%20refrigeration

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] le froid est le plus souvent produit par un système à compression plutôt que par celui à absorption réservé à des appareils de petite capacité destinés au camping.  2, record 27, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9ration%20par%20absorption

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Réfrigérateur à absorption : Réfrigérateur refroidi par un système à absorption.  3, record 27, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9ration%20par%20absorption

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cold cracking occurs after the weld metal solidification is complete. Cold cracking may occur several days after welding and is generally caused by hydrogen embrittlement, excessive joint restraint, and rapid cooling. Thorough cleaning of the joint area of moisture, oils and solvents, preheating, the use of low-hydrogen electrodes and dry high purity shielding gas help reduce this problem.  2, record 28, English, - cold%20cracking

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cold cracking: term standardized by the CSA International. Material reproduced with the permission of the copyright holder, the Canadian standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3. However, CSA shall not be responsible for the manner in which the information is presented, nor for any interpretations thereof. This CSA material may not have been updated to reflect amendments subsequently made to the original content. For further information contact CSA International.  3, record 28, English, - cold%20cracking

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'interprétation du phénomène de fissuration à froid, qui peut être différé, fait en général appel à l'influence de l'hydrogène et à celle des contraintes.  2, record 28, French, - fissuration%20%C3%A0%20froid

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fissuration à froid : terme normalisé par la CSA International. Reproduit avec l'autorisation de l'Association canadienne de normalisation (CSA), 178, boul. Rexdale, Toronto (Ontario), Canada M9W 1R3 (détentrice des droits d'auteur). La CSA décline toute responsabilité quant à la façon dont la matière est présentée et quant à toute interprétation pouvant en découler. L'information reproduite pourrait ne pas être à jour. Pour plus de renseignements, communiquer avec la CSA International.  3, record 28, French, - fissuration%20%C3%A0%20froid

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A refrigerator where cooling is produced, usually by an absorption system, motivated by the thermal energy of burning gas.  1, record 29, English, - gas%20refrigerator

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réfrigérateur à absorption, fonctionnant grâce à l'énergie thermique dégagée par la combustion d'un gaz.  1, record 29, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9rateur%20%C3%A0%20gaz

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A particular type of heat pump which exploits the latent heat of vaporization of a working fluid to transport heat from a low temperature source to a high temperature sink. Compression of the working fluid is achieved by absorption in a liquid or solid. This type of heat pump is used for gas powered refrigerators and for solar cooling.  1, record 30, English, - absorption%20cycle%20heat%20pump

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pompe à chaleur utilisant le cycle d'absorption.  2, record 30, French, - pompe%20%C3%A0%20chaleur%20%C3%A0%20absorption

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Several [internal cooling] systems have been developed that incorporate three basic approaches : liquified gas, super-cold air with water vapor, and air exchange methods.... The super-cold air system with water vapor works much the same way [as the liquified gas system]. Here, very dry, subzero blowing air expands the parison. The expanded air is allowed to circulate through the bottle and exhaust. Immediately after the parison has expanded, a fine mist of water is injected into the cold air stream. As it flows, the water mist turns into snow. As the snow circulates through the container, it melts and then vaporizes. At the end of the molding cycle, the water mist is stopped, permitting the circulating air to purge and dry the interior before the mold is opened and the part is removed. Production rates can be improved as much as 50%.  1, record 31, English, - super%2Dcold%20air%20system%20with%20water%20vapor

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le temps de refroidissement devient pratiquement proportionnel au carré de l'épaisseur, c'est pourquoi on a songé à compléter le refroidissement par contact avec l'empreinte par un refroidissement interne selon les différents procédés décrits ci-après. a) Renouvellement de l'air de soufflage. [...] b) Balayage au dioxyde de carbone. [...] c) Procédé ISC (Internal Surface Cooling). Ce procédé breveté, basé sur l'expansion adiabatique, est développé par la Société américaine Hunkar; il consiste à injecter à haute pression (70 bar) un mélange d'air et d'eau, qui, par une brusque détente, va provoquer l'apparition de cristaux de glace sur les parois internes du corps creux. Ces cristaux vont d'abord fondre, libérant l'enthalpie de fusion de la glace. Les gouttelettes vont ensuite s'échauffer puis se vaporiser en absorbant la chaleur du corps creux équivalant à l'enthalpie de vaporisation de l'eau. La réduction du temps de refroidissement par ce procédé peut atteindre 50%. Comme le balayage au CO₂, ce procédé s'avère intéressant pour des corps creux à parois relativement épaisses (plus de 0,5 mm). d) Procédé ALEX. [...]  1, record 31, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20ISC

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Several [internal cooling] systems have been developed that incorporate three basic approaches : liquified gas, super-cold air with water vapor, and air exchange methods.... The air-exchange system is a far simpler method. Here, after the parison has been expanded, plant air is allowed to circulate through the bottle and exhaust. Differential pressure inside the bottle is maintained at 80 psi(550 kPa) to ensure that the parison stays in contact with the mold cavity. Production rate improvements are modest; only 10-15% improvement can be expected.  1, record 32, English, - air%2Dexchange%20system

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le temps de refroidissement devient pratiquement proportionnel au carré de l'épaisseur, c'est pourquoi on a songé à compléter le refroidissement par contact avec l'empreinte par un refroidissement interne selon les différents procédés décrits ci-après. a) Renouvellement de l'air de soufflage. On crée une fuite d'air, ce qui permet d'assurer un certain balayage interne permettant d'évacuer une partie de la chaleur, ce qui conduit à une diminution du temps de refroidissement de l'ordre de 5%. b) Balayage au dioxyde de carbone. [...] c) Procédé ISC (Internal Surface Cooling). [...] d) Procédé ALEX. [...]  1, record 32, French, - renouvellement%20de%20l%27air%20de%20soufflage

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Refroidissement par l'intérieur. L'évacuation des calories peut se faire par une circulation de l'air de soufflage. Pour ceci, la canne de soufflage comporte une entrée et une sortie de l'air.  2, record 32, French, - renouvellement%20de%20l%27air%20de%20soufflage

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Normally, a blow-molded part is cooled externally by the mold cavity, forcing heat to travel through the entire wall thickness. With the poor thermal conductivity of plastic resins, molding cycle times of heavy parts can be considerable. Internal cooling systems are designed to speed the mold cooling time, thus reducing costs by removing some of this heat from the inside. Several systems have been developed that incorporate three basic approaches : liquified gas, super-cold air with water vapor, and air exchange methods.  1, record 33, English, - internal%20cooling%20system

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Refroidissement interne des corps creux. Les corps creux à parois minces (bouteilles) ne posent pas de problèmes particuliers et, dans une certaine mesure, les temps de refroidissement sont proportionnels aux épaisseurs. Par contre, lorsque le corps creux comporte des épaisseurs supérieures à 1,5 ou 2 mm, le transfert thermique dans l'épaisseur de la paroi constitue l'obstacle majeur au phénomène de refroidissement, compte tenu surtout des faibles conductivités thermiques des matières thermoplastiques. Le temps de refroidissement devient pratiquement proportionnel au carré de l'épaisseur, c'est pourquoi on a songé à compléter le refroidissement par contact avec l'empreinte par un refroidissement interne selon les différents procédés décrits ci-après. a) Renouvellement de l'air de soufflage [...] b) Balayage au dioxyde de carbone [...] c) Procédé ISC (Internal Surface Cooling) [...] d) Procédé ALEX [...]  2, record 33, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20de%20refroidissement%20interne

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Extrusion stretch blow moulding(ESBM). A parison is extruded and as the preblow mould closes, a mandrel descends to form the bottle neck. The parison is subsequently pinched and inflated, then conditioned at the optimum temperature for orientation in the next stage. Transfer of the blown and conditioned preform to the stretch-blow mould takes place; fabrication of the finished part is achieved by stretching in the circumferential direction(pneumatic inflation) and in the longitudinal direction(mechanical push-rod), followed by rapid cooling to prevent relaxation of the(biaxial) molecular orientation. This process is centred on oriented PVC(OPVC) bottle manufacture, for transparent containers with enhanced clarity and greater resistance to gas permeation, higher impact strength and burst pressure.  1, record 34, English, - extrusion%20stretch%20blow%20moulding

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Extrusion-soufflage avec bi-étirage. C'est l'association de trois techniques : l'extrusion, le soufflage et le bi-étirage. Ces trois techniques peuvent être utilisées en ligne : c'est ce que l'on appelle le cycle chaud, ou procédé en une étape [...] On peut également utiliser ces techniques de façon séparée; c'est ce que l'on appelle le cycle froid, ou procédé en deux étapes [...]  1, record 34, French, - extrusion%2Dsoufflage%20avec%20bi%2D%C3%A9tirage

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Extrusion-soufflage avec bi-étirage en cycle chaud; extrusion-soufflage avec bi-étirage en cycle froid.  1, record 34, French, - extrusion%2Dsoufflage%20avec%20bi%2D%C3%A9tirage

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Retort technology... charcoal processes... The Lambiotte continuous carbonization process is related to the multi-stage type reactor.... Wood is fed continuously through a vertical cylinder into a retort. There, it undergoes three different treatments, moving slowly down to the bottom of the retort. In the first, it is dried, in the second, the charcoal process takes place, and in the third, charcoal is cooled. For the drying stage, pyroligneous gases are removed from the carbonization zone and fanned to the drying zone where they burn with a controlled supply of air. For the cooling stage, gases are removed from under the carbonization stage, where tars have been cracked, and reinjected at the bottom of the retort after having crossed a water cooled system. The sufficiently cooled charcoal is extracted from the bottom of the retort. The level of raw material inside the retort is kept at the maximum height possible. The excess of gas(50%) is generally flared off but can be directed through a by-product recovery system as for the Sific process. The process is fully automated.  1, record 35, English, - Lambiotte%20continuous%20carbonization%20process

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le procédé Lambiotte représente sans doute la technique la plus perfectionnée de pyrolyse du bois. Il opère en continu avec circulation externe de gaz de chauffage [...] Les gaz, au contraire du procédé Reichert, circulent en montant à contre-courant du bois. Il y a une zone de séchage et préchauffage, une zone de carbonisation exothermique puis une zone de refroidissement. Les gaz qui s'échappent par le haut sont refroidis, condensés, lavés. Les calories du charbon de bois sont en partie récupérées et le bilan matière comme le bilan énergétique sont particulièrement bien calculés dans ce procédé. Il faut toutefois utiliser du bois bien sec pour consommer le minimum de chauffage et d'énergie électrique (ventilateurs).  1, record 35, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20Lambiotte

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... intricate ceramic cores which provide internal impingement and convection air cooling in cast superalloy components for today's high temperature gas turbines...  1, record 36, English, - cast%20superalloy%20component

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

INTV, 9/74; p. 775.  1, record 36, English, - cast%20superalloy%20component

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...) les noyaux céramique complexes qui assurent le contact intérieur et le refroidissement par air par convection dans des composants coulés en superalliage pour les turbines à gaz actuelles fonctionnant à de hautes températures (...)  1, record 36, French, - composant%20coul%C3%A9%20en%20superalliage

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ENTA, 9/74; p. 775.  1, record 36, French, - composant%20coul%C3%A9%20en%20superalliage

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Horizontal gas-fired furnace... does not come equipped with its own blower.... Duct furnaces are normally certified for operation either upstream or downstream of an air conditioner cooling coil. A combination blower and duct furnace is also available, but it is called a blower unit heater. Duct furnaces and blower unit heaters are available in natural gas, LP, oil, and electric models.  1, record 37, English, - blower%20unit%20heater

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les appareils à émission individuelle (poêles à accumulation ou appareil à chauffage direct tels que panneaux radiants lumineux ou obscurs, aérothermes soufflants).  2, record 37, French, - a%C3%A9rotherme%20soufflant

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The welding head [consists] of this [tubular electrical] contact, means for water or air cooling, and means for conducting the inert gas to the weld.  1, record 38, English, - welding%20head

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La tête de soudage comporte essentiellement un moteur électrique et un embrayage magnétique à haute sensibilité agissant sur deux galets qui assurent l'entraînement du fil.  1, record 38, French, - t%C3%AAte%20de%20soudage

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A form of ventilated suit in which most or all the cooling effect on the wearer is due to the evaporation of sweat into the circulating gas.  1, record 39, English, - convective%20cooling%20ventilated%20suit

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Type de vêtement ventilé dans lequel la perte de chaleur chez le porteur est le résultat d'un transfert de chaleur par convection, de la peau vers le gaz servant à la ventilation.  1, record 39, French, - v%C3%AAtement%20ventil%C3%A9%20pour%20refroidissement%20par%20convection

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A form of ventilated suit in which most or all the cooling effect on the wearer is due to the evaporation of sweat into the circulating gas.  1, record 40, English, - evaporative%20cooling%20ventilated%20suit

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Type de vêtement ventilé dans lequel la plus grande partie ou la totalité des effets de refroidissement chez le porteur est due à l'évaporation de la sueur dans le gaz circulant.  1, record 40, French, - v%C3%AAtement%20ventil%C3%A9%20pour%20refroidissement%20par%20%C3%A9vaporation

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The gases are heated or cooled in "direct contact heat transfer" sections at the bottom of the towers. The trays are termed heat transfer trays because their function is primarily heat transfer, although some mass transfer takes place. If the trays are used to heat the gas, they are called humidifying trays and the section of the tower containing the trays is referred to as humidifier section. Dehumidifying trays and dehumidifier sections apply to gas cooling.  1, record 41, English, - direct%20contact%20heat%20transfer

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Échangeurs de chaleur - On appelle ainsi, d'une manière générale, tout appareil construit et utilisé en vue de transmettre la chaleur d'un corps à un autre, le plus souvent d'un fluide à un autre fluide. [...] D'après le principe de fonctionnement, il y a trois types fondamentaux d'échangeurs de chaleur : - les échangeurs à mélange ou à contacts, dans lesquels les deux fluides sont mis en contact direct; [...] - les échangeurs où l'un des deux fluides est à l'état liquide et l'autre, à l'état gazeux; exemple : un échangeur où la chaleur de l'air comprimé sortant d'un compresseur est transmise à de l'eau froide, avant le passage de cet air, dans un deuxième compresseur, ou dans l'appareil d'utilisation.  2, record 41, French, - transfert%20de%20chaleur%20par%20contact%20direct

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The water injection system sprays water into the cooling airflows to the air turbine. The evaporative cooling effect allows a higher gas temperature to be maintained for a given metal temperature.  1, record 42, English, - water%20injection%20system

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Injection d'eau. Dispositif fréquemment utilisé par un avion à turbomoteur afin de refroidir le flux d'air au cours de sa compression. Il se situe dans le cadre général de l'amélioration du cycle thermodynamique d'un turbomoteur (...) et son action s'exerce au niveau du compresseur.  1, record 42, French, - dispositif%20d%27injection%20d%27eau

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

quenching : Shock cooling by immersing liquid or molten material into a cooling medium(liquid or gas) ;used in metallurgy, plastics forming and petroleum refining.  2, record 43, English, - quenching%20crack

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 OBS

... a step in heat treating.  3, record 43, English, - quenching%20crack

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 3 OBS

crack: A break, fissure or rupture usually "V" shaped and relatively narrow and deep.  1, record 43, English, - quenching%20crack

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les criques de trempe se forment en surface d'une pièce subissant un refroidissement trop énergique.  1, record 43, French, - crique%20de%20trempe

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La méthode [examen magnétoscopique] est très employée, uniquement pour des matériaux ferromagnétiques, dans l'industrie mécanique (...) pour recherche les fêlures dues à un traitement thermique (criques de trempe) (...)  2, record 43, French, - crique%20de%20trempe

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

voir vedette.  3, record 43, French, - crique%20de%20trempe

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

the welding head [consists] of this contact, means for water or air cooling, and means for conducting the inert gas to the weld  1, record 44, English, - means%20for%20water%20cooling

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

--/ il est nécessaire de refroidir la torche par une circulation d'eau.  1, record 44, French, - circuit%20d%27eau%20de%20refroidissement

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) this method of construction provides a large amount of cooling surface and(...) the pressure of the gas is reduced just as much by the cooling effect as it is by the increase in volume permitted by the--.  1, record 45, English, - expansion%20chamber

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cet appareil (le silencieux) comprend un certain nombre de -- placées en série qui communiquent par des orifices étranglés.  1, record 45, French, - chambre%20d%27expansion

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

the welding head [consists] of an(...) electrical contact, means for water or air cooling and(...) for conducting the inert gas to the weld.  1, record 46, English, - means%20for%20conducting%20the%20inert%20gas%20to%20the%20weld

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

le procédé (...) fait appel à une torche qui comporte une amenée de fil d'apport, une amenée de courant, une -- , le tout refroidi à l'air ou à l'eau.  1, record 46, French, - amen%C3%A9e%20de%20gaz%20de%20protection

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish