TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the annual sum of daily mean temperature above 18 [degrees Celsius].  2, record 1, English, - heating%20degree%20day

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Heating degree days(HDDs) give an indication of the amount of space heating(e. g., from a gas boiler/furnace, baseboard electric heating or fireplace) that may be required to maintain comfortable conditions inside a building during cooler months.  3, record 1, English, - heating%20degree%20day

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

heating degree day; HHD: designations usually used in the plural.  4, record 1, English, - heating%20degree%20day

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Somme annuelle de la température moyenne quotidienne au-dessous de 18 [degrés Celsius].  2, record 1, French, - degr%C3%A9%2Djour%20de%20chauffage

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les degrés-jours de chauffage (DJC) donnent une indication de la quantité de chauffage des bâtiments (par exemple, à partir d'une chaudière à gaz, d'un chauffage électrique par plinthes ou d'un foyer) qui peut être nécessaire pour maintenir des conditions confortables à l'intérieur d'un bâtiment pendant les mois les plus frais.  1, record 1, French, - degr%C3%A9%2Djour%20de%20chauffage

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

degré-jour de chauffage; degré-jour de chauffe : désignations habituellement utilisées au pluriel.  3, record 1, French, - degr%C3%A9%2Djour%20de%20chauffage

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forma de día-grado que se emplea como índice de consumo de combustible para calefacción.  1, record 1, Spanish, - d%C3%ADa%2Dgrado%20de%20calefacci%C3%B3n

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Se considera como un día-grado de calefacción cada grado que la temperatura media diaria es inferior a una de referencia; por ejemplo, 19°C [65°F].  1, record 1, Spanish, - d%C3%ADa%2Dgrado%20de%20calefacci%C3%B3n

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Blast furnace(Imperial Smelting) process. Design of this furnace is taken from the process ordinarily used in smelting of lead. In fact, the ISP furnace smelts zinc and lead concomitantly.... The [furnace charge] is admitted in frequent batches at the top of the shaft and consists of sintered lead, zinc concentrate, and suitable fluxes, to produce a slag which is tapped at shaft bottom. Certain impurities are carried out to waste in the slag; valuable lead bullion and copper-bearing matte are separated from the slag at this stage. Carbon monoxide gas carrying the zinc vapor is drawn through a spray of molten lead, where the zinc is shock-cooled and conveyed by the molten stream to settling basins. Zinc... is withdrawn from the top of the bath and cast.  1, record 2, English, - blast%20furnace%20process

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Procédé Imperial Smelting (ou haut fourneau à zinc). [...] Ce procédé de traitement des minerais de zinc a été mis au point par la Société anglaise Impérial Smelting Corporation (procédé I. S.) [...]. On traite, dans le procédé I. S., des minerais mixtes plomb et zinc; cela permet d'obtenir à la fois des vapeurs de zinc au gueulard, du plomb d'œuvre et du laitier à la partie inférieure. Les gaz contenant la vapeur de zinc sont dirigés périodiquement dans un avant-creuset, où le laitier se sépare du plomb d'œuvre.  1, record 2, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20Imperial%20Smelting

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce procédé est utilisé par Metaleurop à Noyelles-Godault [...]  2, record 2, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20Imperial%20Smelting

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fossil-fuel-electric plant. This type utilizes the energy of combustion from coal, oil, or natural gas. A typical large plant consists of fuel processing and handling facilities, a combustion furnace and boiler to produce and superheat the steam, a steam turbine, an alternator, and the accessory equipment required for plant protection and for control of voltage, frequency, and power flow.  1, record 3, English, - fossil%2Dfuel%2Delectric%20plant

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Ozone is formed when nitrogen oxides and volatile hydrocarbon ... reacts with oxygen in the presence of sunlight ... The major sources of these precursor chemicals are fossil-fuel-fired power station, industrial processes, refineries, vehicle exhausts, and volatilization of organic solvents and fuels.  5, record 3, English, - fossil%2Dfuel%2Delectric%20plant

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le coût de l'énergie produite par des combustibles fossiles (charbon et mazout), par contre, est passé de 3,4 [cents] en 1984 à 4,7 [cents] en 1986.  6, record 3, French, - centrale%20%C3%A0%20combustible%20fossile

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

centrale à combustibles fossiles; centrale thermique classique : termes extraits du «Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire» et reproduits avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  7, record 3, French, - centrale%20%C3%A0%20combustible%20fossile

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A furnace, with a shallow hearth, usually non-regenerative, having a roof that deflects the flame and radiates heat toward the hearth or the surface of the charge. Firing may be with coal, pulverized coal, oil, or gas. Two of the most important types are the open-hearth steel furnaces and the large reverberatories employed in copper smelting.  2, record 4, English, - reverberatory%20furnace

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Four où la chaleur est produite par la combustion d'une matière solide ou liquide ou d'un mélange gazeux, donnant une flamme qui échauffe la charge en partie directement et en partie par l'intermédiaire de la voûte qui, portée à haute température, cède de la chaleur à la charge par rayonnement.  3, record 4, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20r%C3%A9verb%C3%A8re

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A furnace which is normally heated using two types of fuel, e. g. oil and electricity, or gas and oil.  1, record 5, English, - dual%2Dfuel%2Dfired%20furnace

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dual-fuel-fired furnace; dual-fired furnace: terms and definition standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1992.  2, record 5, English, - dual%2Dfuel%2Dfired%20furnace

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Four normalement chauffé par deux sources de chaleur, par exemple fuel et électricité ou gaz et mazout.  1, record 5, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20deux%20combustibles

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

four à deux combustibles : terme et définition normalisés par l'Organisation internationale de normalisation (ISO) en 1992.  2, record 5, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20deux%20combustibles

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A loss of ozone around 40 km is particularly significant because that is the altitude where chlorine is thought to be the major player in the destruction of ozone. (Nitrogen radicals are the key species in the lower stratosphere, between about 12 and 30 km.)  5, record 6, English, - nitrogen%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nitrogen(·); N· radical: The dot must be centered and pronounced after the name: "nitrogen dot"; "N dot radical."  6, record 6, English, - nitrogen%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

II-VI short wavelength lasers have had to overcome several technical challenges to become what they are today. Arguably the foremost obstacle to practical ZnSe based light emitters was the ability to p-type dope the semiconductor. It was discovered that by incorporating free nitrogen radicals in ZnSe sufficiently high p-type doping could be obtained.  6, record 6, English, - nitrogen%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Vitamin C and lipoic acid are also potent antioxidants that can scavenge various reactive oxygen and nitrogen radicals.  7, record 6, English, - nitrogen%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 4 CONT

The injection of natural gas and urea has been shown to enhance the NOx reduction potential of the natural gas in utility boilers. The chemical kinetics mechanisms of FLGR® and SNCR have many of the same selective reactions. The injection of natural gas in hot, low oxygen furnace gas results in the formation of hydrocarbon radicals(CHi) and the subsequent formation of nitrogen radicals. The injection of urea(NH2-CO-NH2) results in the formation of similar nitrogen radicals. Both of these reagents reduce NOx to molecular nitrogen through a series of similar reactions.  8, record 6, English, - nitrogen%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 5 CONT

New studies of the catalytic destruction of ozone in the lower stratosphere suggest a reordering of the catalytic cycles. Recent in-situ observations (from ER-2 flights) suggest that nitrogen radicals may not be as dominant in the catalytic destruction of ozone in the lower stratosphere as previously thought.  9, record 6, English, - nitrogen%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

radicaux azotés : Famille de radicaux libres, qui contiennent au moins un atome d'azote, très importante dans le processus de destruction de l'ozone.  4, record 6, French, - azote%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le représentant le plus dangereux de [la] famille [des radicaux N·] est le radical NO· [le point est centré, on prononce «radical NO point», ou monoxyde d'azote].  4, record 6, French, - azote%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plusieurs nouvelles méthodes pour engendrer les radicaux iminyles, amidyles, carbamyles et autres radicaux azotés ont été mises au point. Les applications en synthèse organique, surtout dans le domaine des alcaloïdes, sont multiples. Les dérivés thiosemicarbazones, qui réagissent avec les radicaux stannyles pour donner des radicaux azotés par rupture de la liaison N-N, semblent particulièrement prometteurs car les précurseurs sont d'un accès très aisé.  5, record 6, French, - azote%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

acide aminé : unité moléculaire de base des protéines, contenant un radical azoté et un acide organique.  6, record 6, French, - azote%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

azote(·); radical N·: Le point est un point centré; pour les noms des radicaux comportant un point centré, il faut prononcer «dot» en anglais et «point» en français après le nom : «azote point»; «radical N point».  7, record 6, French, - azote%28%26%23183%3B%29

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Furnace which uses an electric arc to ionize a gas causing a flow in an electrical field or such high velocity that temperatures of 6, 000 to 10, 000 ° F.  1, record 7, English, - plasma%20arc%20furnace

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Four utilisant un arc électrique pour ioniser un gaz provoquant ainsi dans un champ électrique un flux d'une vitesse telle que l'on obtient des températures de 3 300 à 5 500 °C.  1, record 7, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20plasma%20d%27arc

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

LP Gas Furnace.... The gas controls are different because of the higher manifold pressure and the requirement on indoor furnaces for pilot gas shut-off if pilot ignition should fail.  1, record 8, English, - pilot%20ignition

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette prescription permet, connaissant les débits horaires, de contrôler la puissance calorifique exacte du radiateur et de le choisir en toute connaissance de cause pour un local déterminé;-des conditions d'étanchéité;-une robinetterie normalisée;-un allumage par veilleuse;-des dispositifs de protection à l'allumage et à l'extinction à partir d'une puissance de 5 600 kcal/h;(...  1, record 8, French, - allumage%20par%20veilleuse

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

CHAMPS is a modular microgravity research furnace developed for the National Research Council' s Space Division. It was flown in a Get-Away-Special(GAS) container aboard the space shuttle STS-67 in June 1993 to investigate GaAs [gallium arsenide] crystal growth by liquid phase electroepitaxy(LPEE). Combining the advantages of both dedicated and generic experimental facilities, CHAMPS allows investigators to specify their own experimental configuration while at the same time providing them with generic peripherals. Configurable hardware included thermal and gradient furnace, levitator, etc., while generic peripherals included control and data acquisition, thermal insulation, and ground support equipment.  2, record 9, English, - configurable%20hardware%20for%20multidisciplinary%20projects%20in%20space

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A gas burner in which the gas is delivered from the side(s) of the combustion chamber, resulting in a horizontal flame.  3, record 10, English, - inshot%20burner

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Inshot burners have become the dominant burner in North American residential gas furnaces, according to the American Gas Association. The burners have a single port, and fire into a pipelike heat exchanger. They differ markedly from older designs that had multiple burner ports with two-part heat exchangers, known as clamshells. Inshot burners have resulted in smaller furnace cabinets, a handy feature when remodeling a basement.  4, record 10, English, - inshot%20burner

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... the Multi-Port In-Shot Burners ... actually shape the flame cone to produce maximum heat with minimum fuel usage, and the heat exchanger is serpentine-shaped to provide maximum heat transfer.  2, record 10, English, - inshot%20burner

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Modern furnaces make use of four different types of main gas burners. These burners are: 1) drilled port; 2) slotted port; 3) ribbon; 4) inshot. ... usually the drilled pot burner is made of cast iron. The others are made by forming steel into the desired shape. ... The burner head is the top part of the burner. It is here that the ports are placed that determine the type of burners (drilled port, slotted port, ribbon, or inshot). ... The burners parts are openings that release the gas and air mixture into the combustion chamber.  5, record 10, English, - inshot%20burner

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

inshot burner: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  6, record 10, English, - inshot%20burner

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Brûleurs à gazéification. Dénommés également gazéificateurs ou brûleurs à vaporisation, on distingue parmi eux ceux qui fonctionnent en tirage naturel et ceux équipés d'un ventilateur [...] Leur principal élément est une coupelle ou pot dans laquelle le fuel se vaporise avant de brûler en présentant une flamme verticale ou horizontale.  2, record 10, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20%C3%A0%20flamme%20horizontale

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Brûleur à gazéification à ventilateur et flamme horizontale.  2, record 10, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20%C3%A0%20flamme%20horizontale

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 3 OBS

brûleur à flamme horizontale : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  3, record 10, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20%C3%A0%20flamme%20horizontale

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

LP Gas Furnaces.... The technical data for these two furnaces [natural gas furnace and liquefied petroleum gas furnace] are identical except for the gas controls and the burner and pilot orifice sizes. For LP gas, the orifice sizes are much smaller because the gas has a higher density and is supplied at a higher manifold pressure.  1, record 11, English, - liquefied%20petroleum%20gas%20furnace

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les gaz de pétrole liquéfié regroupent, entre autres, le propane et le butane. Les États-Unis, la France et le Canada utilisent surtout le propane comme combustible gazeux pour les générateurs d'air chaud. Le «butane» semble être surtout employé dans le sud des États-Unis. Source : Robert Bédard, Gaz métropolitain.  1, record 11, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20d%27air%20chaud%20au%20propane

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The central wood furnace is a third alternative to conventional oil, gas or electric heating. Unlike the wood stove, it is a device designed to take on the larger fraction of the home heat load, although a back-up source-for example, an electric plenum heater-will generally be added on... recently developed furnaces use wood chips or pellets rather than firewood, to allow for a much easier distribution and loading of the fuel.  2, record 12, English, - central%20wood%20furnace

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chaudières combinées au bois et au mazout ou au bois et à l'électricité ainsi que les chaudières d'appoint comptent parmi les appareils de chauffage central au bois les plus populaires [...]  3, record 12, French, - appareil%20de%20chauffage%20central%20au%20bois

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A component of a steam-generating unit that absorbs heat from the products of combustion after they have passed through the steam-generating and superheating sections.  3, record 13, English, - air%20heater

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Heat recovered from the gas is recycled to the furnace by the combustion air and is absorbed in the steam-generating unit, with a resultant gain in overall thermal efficiency... Air heaters frequently are used in conjunction with economizers, because the temperature of the inlet air is less than that of the feedwater to the economizer...  3, record 13, English, - air%20heater

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Air heaters are usually classed as recuperative or regenerative types. Both types depend upon convection transfer of heat from the gas stream to a metal or other solid surface and upon convection transfer of heat from this surface to the air.  3, record 13, English, - air%20heater

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Regenerative-type, rotary regenerative, plate-type, tubular air heater.  3, record 13, English, - air%20heater

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] récupérateur de chaleur, utilisé concurremment avec l'économiseur pour pousser au maximum le refroidissement des fumées; il est placé après l'économiseur, sur le parcours de celles-ci, parce que la température de l'eau d'alimentation, à l'entrée de l'économiseur, est supérieure à celle de l'air frais.  2, record 13, French, - r%C3%A9chauffeur%20d%27air

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les centrales thermiques conventionnelles posent des problèmes d'épuration d'effluents liquides divers [...], tels que les éluats de régénération des échangeurs d'ions, les effluents alcalins de lavage des réchauffeurs d'air [...]  3, record 13, French, - r%C3%A9chauffeur%20d%27air

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Eliminating a substance from a pipe or furnace by flushing it out with another substance, as in purging a furnace of unburned gas by blowing air through it.  1, record 14, English, - purge

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Évacuation d'un liquide, d'un fluide dont la présence dans une conduite, un récipient nuit au bon fonctionnement d'un appareil.  1, record 14, French, - purge

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Purge d'un radiateur de chauffage.  1, record 14, French, - purge

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dispositif de vidange : ensemble des équipements permettant d'évacuer le vecteur énergétique contenu dans une tuyauterie.  2, record 14, French, - purge

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Remaval of environmentally harmful substances from flue gases.  2, record 15, English, - flue%20gas%20cleaning

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

flue gas : The mixture of gases and fly ash leaving the furnace in a coal-based boiler.  3, record 15, English, - flue%20gas%20cleaning

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les résidus d'épuration des fumées sont considérés comme toxiques. Ils ont, d'une part, une teneur importante en polluants et, d'autre part, une forte aptitude à relarguer ces polluants compte tenu de leur fraction soluble très élevée.  2, record 15, French, - %C3%A9puration%20des%20fum%C3%A9es

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Chaque année voit s'accroître le nombre de pays imposant à leurs producteurs d'électricité une épuration des fumées des centrales.  3, record 15, French, - %C3%A9puration%20des%20fum%C3%A9es

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A furnace with condensing heat exchanger that condenses moisture from the flue gases resulting in greater efficiency.  1, record 16, English, - condensing%2Dgas%20furnace

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The condensing gas furnace... operates at levels of efficiency of up to 95 per cent by condensing and recuperating the flue gases that would otherwise dissipate through the chimney. The condensing gas furnace also uses electrical ignition rather than a pilot flame, to minimize energy losses between combustion periods.  4, record 16, English, - condensing%2Dgas%20furnace

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Condensing Gas Furnace. Gas furnaces shall be of natural gas fired warm air condensing type complete with casing, combustion chambers, fan and motor, space thermostats, controls, supply air filters, in-line intake and exhaust mufflers, hangers, brackets and structural supporting frames, etc., to provide tempered make-up air.  5, record 16, English, - condensing%2Dgas%20furnace

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les générateurs d'air chaud à condensation alimentés au gaz sont les appareils les plus efficaces offerts sur le marché, avec un rendement saisonnier de l'ordre de 90 à 97 p. 100. [...] Dans la plupart des modèles à condensation, le brûleur est semblable à celui d'un appareil ordinaire, le tirage étant assuré par un ventilateur à tirage aspiré. Toutefois, des surfaces d'échange thermique supplémentaires, faites de matériaux anticorrosion (généralement de l'acier inoxydable), extraient la chaleur des sous-produits de combustion avant leur évacuation. Là où se fait la condensation et l'échange thermique, les gaz de combustion sont refroidis au point où leur vapeur d'eau se condense, libérant ainsi plus de chaleur dans la maison. Le condensat est acheminé à un avaloir. [...] Les gaz de combustion sont alors suffisamment refroidis pour être évacués par un tuyau en plastique PVC ou ABS traversant un mur extérieur de la maison plutôt que par une cheminée.  1, record 16, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20d%27air%20chaud%20%C3%A0%20condensation%20aliment%C3%A9%20au%20gaz

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Furnace which uses recycling of combustion gases or pulse combustion to obtain operating efficiencies from 85 to 95 percent.  3, record 17, English, - high%2Defficiency%20gas%20furnace

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are several types of high-efficiency gas furnaces available. A condensing or "90 plus" furnace is typically rated at 89-93% AFUE, as compared with 78-80% for a new conventional-type furnace. Pulse furnaces, which work much differently, can have AFUE ratings as high as 97%.  4, record 17, English, - high%2Defficiency%20gas%20furnace

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

high-efficiency gas furnace : term used at the Office of Energy Efficiency, Natural Resources Canada, and extracted from its 2001 Annual Report.  5, record 17, English, - high%2Defficiency%20gas%20furnace

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les constructeurs sont de plus en plus nombreux à adopter les pratiques et les technologies R-2000, notamment les ventilateurs - récupérateurs de chaleur ainsi que les fenêtres et les appareils de chauffage au gaz à haut rendement énergétique.  3, record 17, French, - appareil%20de%20chauffage%20au%20gaz%20%C3%A0%20haut%20rendement%20%C3%A9nerg%C3%A9tique

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

appareil de chauffage au gaz à haut rendement énergétique : terme en usage à l'Office de l'efficacité énergétique, Ressources naturelles Canada, et tiré de son rapport annuel de 2001.  4, record 17, French, - appareil%20de%20chauffage%20au%20gaz%20%C3%A0%20haut%20rendement%20%C3%A9nerg%C3%A9tique

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A single furnace unit designed to burn more than one type of fuel or energy source(electricity, gas, oil or wood) either separately or simultaneously, using either separate or common combustion chambers and flues.  2, record 18, English, - combination%20furnace

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Générateur de chaleur autonome conçu pour brûler plusieurs types de combustibles ou fonctionner avec plusieurs sources d'énergie (électricité, gaz ou bois), soit séparément soit simultanément, en utilisant des chambres de combustion et des conduits de cheminée distincts ou communs.  1, record 18, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20de%20chaleur%20mixte

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A gas used extensively in the metallurgical industries, being produced in blast-furnaces during the reduction of iron ore. The calorific value of the gas varies, but a figure of 4 mj/m³ is general.  4, record 19, English, - blast%2Dfurnace%20gas

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 DEF

A gas of low Btu content recovered from a blast furnace as a by-product and used as a fuel.  5, record 19, English, - blast%2Dfurnace%20gas

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gaz qui sort du gueulard des hauts fourneaux au cours de l'opération de la fusion de la fonte, contenant entre 30 et 35% d'oxyde de carbone, et ayant un pouvoir calorifique de l'ordre de 1 Kcal/m³.  5, record 19, French, - gaz%20de%20haut%20fourneau

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Parmi les ouvrages linguistiques habituellement consultés, seule la Grande encyclopédie Larousse (LAROG) permet l'usage (facultatif) du trait d'union pour le terme «haut fourneau»; les autres sources dénoncent clairement cet usage.  3, record 19, French, - gaz%20de%20haut%20fourneau

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustible gaseoso que aparece como subproducto de la reducción del mineral de hierro con el coque en los altos hornos. Su contenido en monóxido de carbono puede llegar al 30%. Tóxico por vía inhalatoria.  1, record 19, Spanish, - gas%20de%20horno%20alto

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the result of air’s lower density at elevated temperatures and its affinity to rise. Cooler air sinks due to the increase in density.  4, record 20, English, - natural%20convection

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convection. Process of heat [(transfer of heat) ] carried from one point to another by movement of a liquid or a gas(i. e., air). Natural convection is caused by expansion of the liquid or gas when heated. Expansion reduces the density of the medium, causing it to rise above the cooler, more dense portions of the medium. Gravity heating systems are examples of the profitable use of natural convection. The air, heated by the furnace, becomes less dense(consequently lighter) and rises, distributing heat to the various areas of the house without any type of blower. When a blower is used, the heat transfer method is called "forced convection. "  5, record 20, English, - natural%20convection

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans la convection libre (ou naturelle), le mouvement est dû à la seule action de la pesanteur, lorsque des différences de masse volumique provenant de différences de température rompent l'équilibre hydrostatique.  2, record 20, French, - convection%20naturelle

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La convection, qui est un mouvement ascendant et descendant des molécules d'un fluide subissant un réchauffement, est l'un des trois phénomènes de la transmission de la chaleur entre deux corps (ou fluides) à températures différentes.  4, record 20, French, - convection%20naturelle

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

natural convection; convection naturelle : termes utilisés entre autre dans le domaine du chauffage.  5, record 20, French, - convection%20naturelle

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convección debida a una diferencia de densidades entre diferentes partes de un fluido.  2, record 20, Spanish, - convecci%C3%B3n%20natural

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A central air conditioning system uses electricity as its power source, and requires : an outdoor section(the condensing unit) ;a matching indoor gas or oil furnace with coil, or air handler; ductwork to transfer the cooled air throughout the home.  1, record 21, English, - central%20air%20conditioning%20system

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] pour pouvoir entretenir des climatiseurs plus gros que les appareils ménagers autonomes, hermétiques et à simple phase qui sont fabriqués en série, déjà remplis de frigorigènes, comme un système de climatisation central, il faut détenir un certificat professionnel de mécanicien en réfrigération et climatisation du ministère de la Formation et des Collèges et Universités.  3, record 21, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20central%20de%20climatisation

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two other heat-treating processes applied in sludge incineration are the flash-drying incineration system and the fluidized bed reactor. Flash drying involves pulverizing wet sludge cake with recycled dried solids in a cage mill. Hot gases from the incinerating furnace suspend the dispersed sludge particles up into a pipe duct where they are dried. A cyclone separator removes the dried solids from the moisture-laden hot gas which is returned to the furnace.  3, record 22, English, - flash%20drying

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] sous le nom de "flash roasting" (qu'on peut traduire par grillage éclair), on désigne la technique de Freeman [...] qui consiste à brûler littéralement la pyrite finement pulvérisée.  3, record 22, French, - s%C3%A9chage%20%C3%A9clair

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Eliminación del agua de un lodo de depuradora por tratamiento a una temperatura muy elevada.  1, record 22, Spanish, - secado%20flash

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Electrostatic Levitation Furnace(ELF)... is a Materials Research Facility that uses electrostatic levitation for containerless sample processing. Laser heating provides for sample heating to temperatures of up to 2000, ºC(3632ºF) in a gas atmosphere or under vacuum. Observation is provided by a pyrometer, a thermal imaging system and a video camera. ELF will occupy a sub-rack portion of an ISPR [International Standard Payload Rack].  2, record 23, English, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This is a NASDA Space Station Facility that will be located in the Japanese Experiment Module.  3, record 23, English, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

electrostatic levitation furnace; ELF: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  4, record 23, English, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le] four à sustentation électrostatique [sert à] l'établissement des propriétés thermophysiques et structurales de semi-conducteurs et de métaux.  1, record 23, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20sustentation%20%C3%A9lectrostatique

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

four à sustentation électrostatique; ELF : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  2, record 23, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20sustentation%20%C3%A9lectrostatique

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Coke plants inside of integrated steel plants should be designed to utilize as a fuel any type of gas that exists in a steel plant. These are basically : blast furnace gas; converter gas; coke oven gas.  1, record 24, English, - integrated%20steel%20plant

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans votre aciérie intégrée, vous exploitez un ou plusieurs hauts fourneaux, un ou plusieurs convertisseurs à l'oxygène, ainsi qu'un équipement aval.  1, record 24, French, - aci%C3%A9rie%20int%C3%A9gr%C3%A9e

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In an electric furnace, the resistance-type heating element either heats the circulating air directly or through a metal sheath enclosing the resisting element.  1, record 25, English, - electric%20furnace

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Even though electric heating is not new, forced air electric furnaces have been available in large quantities for only a few years. Electric furnaces, although similar in appearance to gas furnaces, are quite different. They do not require gas piping or venting. They do, however, require that high capacity electric circuits be installed to the furnace. Electric furnaces are more flexible than gas furnaces because there is no specific position in which to install them. The only requirement is that all components be accessible for installation and service.  2, record 25, English, - electric%20furnace

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chauffage central électrique. Les fournaises électriques à air chaud fonctionnent de la même façon que les fournaises au gaz sauf que le brûleur est remplacé par un jeu de deux à cinq éléments de chauffe à résistance électrique. Un courant passe à travers les éléments de chauffe, ce qui provoque le dégagement d'un flux concentré de chaleur. Un ventilateur, situé dans le carter de la fournaise, fait circuler cette chaleur à travers la maison.  2, record 25, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20%C3%A9lectrique%20d%27air%20chaud

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fournaise : Ce terme est considéré comme impropre par les puristes. Selon Dagenais, dans son «Dictionnaire des difficultés de la langue française au Canada», «fournaise» serait un calque de l'anglais «furnace» et nous devrions plutôt dire «chaudière» lorsque le fluide caloporteur est l'eau ou la vapeur et «générateur d'air chaud», lorsque le fluide, est l'air. Cependant, ce terme reste d'usage fréquent au Québec, autant en langue parlée qu'en langue écrite.  3, record 25, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20%C3%A9lectrique%20d%27air%20chaud

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The outside fan unit of [an] air conditioning system.  1, record 26, English, - air%20conditioning%20condenser

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It removes the heat from the freon gas and "turns" the gas back into a liquid and pumps the liquid back to the coil in the furnace.  1, record 26, English, - air%20conditioning%20condenser

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Advanced Gradient Heating Facility(AGHF)... The AGHF supports the production of advanced semiconductor materials and alloys using the directional solidification process, which depends on establishing a hot side and a cold side in the sample(a temperature gradient). It provides an extremely stable temperature environment of up to 1, 400°C, high-temperature gradients of up to 100°C/cm in the solidification zone, slow movement of the gradient across a sample to provide slow growth rates, efficient cooling through the use of a liquid metal cooling ring attached to the sample container, and Peltier pulse marking capability. The AGHF consists of three modules mounted in one side of a Spacelab double rack : the Core Facility Module contains the processing chamber with the furnace inside; the Electronics Module contains the controls and equipment necessary to operate the furnace; and the Gas Storage Module contains argon for chamber repressurization and sample cooling.  2, record 27, English, - advanced%20gradient%20heating%20facility

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

advanced gradient heating facility; AGHF: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  3, record 27, English, - advanced%20gradient%20heating%20facility

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans les conditions de microgravité de l'espace, il est possible d'éliminer nombre de ces imperfections produites sous l'effet de la pesanteur. Les chercheurs LMS [Laboratoire de mécanique des fluides] ont produit dans le Four perfectionné à gradient (GHF pour Gradient Heating Facility) des matériaux et des alliages de semiconducteurs de pointe selon la technique de la solidification directionnelle qui repose sur l'établissement d'une portion chaude et d'une portion froide à l'intérieur d'un échantillon (gradient de température).  3, record 27, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20gradient%20%C3%A0%20haute%20temp%C3%A9rature

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 OBS

four à gradient à haute température; AGHF : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  5, record 27, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20gradient%20%C3%A0%20haute%20temp%C3%A9rature

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The pressing of a powder, compact or sintered object by subjecting it, at elevated temperature, to nominally equal pressure from every direction.  3, record 28, English, - hot%20isostatic%20pressing

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... HIP is adaptable to the more complex parts now in demand in industry. An unfired part is encased in an envelope(often made of heat-resistant glass) and placed in a pressurized furnace, where it is subjected to intense heat... and pressure... from an inert gas such as argon. The result is an extremely dense finished part.  4, record 28, English, - hot%20isostatic%20pressing

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

hot isostatic pressing: term and definition standardized by ISO.  5, record 28, English, - hot%20isostatic%20pressing

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Compression d'une poudre, d'un comprimé ou d'un objet fritté, par l'action, à température élevée, d'une pression nominalement égale dans toutes les directions.  5, record 28, French, - compression%20isostatique%20%C3%A0%20chaud

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

compression isostatique à chaud : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  6, record 28, French, - compression%20isostatique%20%C3%A0%20chaud

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

That part of a horizontal epitaxial reactor that covers the susceptor holding wafers about to undergo the epitaxial process. During this process, gas flows across the top of the quartz epitaxial tube, as in an oxidation furnace.(See Epitaxial Reactors).  1, record 29, English, - epitaxial%20tube

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A fine carbon black obtained as soot by impingement of small natural-gas flames on a metal surface (as a channel iron) ...  3, record 30, English, - channel%20black

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Carbon black. Finely divided forms of carbon made by the incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of natural gas or petroleum oil. The principal types, according to the method of production are channel black(also called impingement black), furnace black..., and thermal black.  2, record 30, English, - channel%20black

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] noirs [...] obtenus en écrasant contre une paroi froide les flammes d'une série de brûleurs à gaz  2, record 30, French, - noir%20tunnel

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le noir de carbone est un pigment noir très léger et finement divisé, résultant de la combustion incomplète de gaz ou d'huiles minérales naturels. Des techniques de production différentes ont amené les producteurs à distinguer entre les noirs tunnel, noirs au four, noirs thermiques. [...] L'industrie du caoutchouc consomme une importante quantité de noirs de carbone [...]  1, record 30, French, - noir%20tunnel

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Helium tracing : a new tool for gas distribution control in the blast furnace... A helium pulse is injected in the blast at the tuyere level. Its arrival at the blast furnace top is detected by a spectrometer.  1, record 31, English, - helium%20tracing

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La technique employée pour mesurer le temps de transfert est le traçage des gaz à l'hélium : une impulsion d'hélium est injectée dans le vent au niveau des tuyères et l'arrivée de cette impulsion au gueulard est détectée par un spectromètre de masse.  1, record 31, French, - tra%C3%A7age%20%C3%A0%20l%27h%C3%A9lium

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The components of a flame detection system which detect the presence or absence of a flame.  4, record 32, English, - flame%20detector

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Component of a combustion safety control that senses flame.  2, record 32, English, - flame%20detector

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A flame detector may be used, for example, as a flame failure device to shut down the gas supply to the main burner of a furnace when the pilot flame goes out.  5, record 32, English, - flame%20detector

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dispositif qui délivre un signal en fonction de la présence ou de l'absence d'une flamme.  2, record 32, French, - d%C3%A9tecteur%20de%20flamme

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le système de surveillance de flamme englobe tout l'appareillage de commande et de sécurité, ainsi que les éléments annexes nécessaires au bon fonctionnement et à la sécurité d'emploi du brûleur dans les conditions prévues d'utilisation. Il comprend donc: [...] un appareil de commande (primary control), véritable cerveau du système. Il travaille en liaison avec le détecteur de flamme (flame detector).  4, record 32, French, - d%C3%A9tecteur%20de%20flamme

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les équipements de sécurité comprennent: - les appareils de détection de la flamme par la température des fumées, par l'éclairement de la flamme; - les appareils de commande [...].  3, record 32, French, - d%C3%A9tecteur%20de%20flamme

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The secondary superheater is a parallel flow heat exchanger with the fluid entering the secondary superheater at the outlet of the furnace where the convection pass starts. The fluid and the gas travel in the same direction toward the rear of the furnace.  2, record 33, English, - parallel%20flow%20heat%20exchanger

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] échangeur thermique où les deux fluides circulent parallèlement dans le même sens [...]  1, record 33, French, - %C3%A9changeur%20antim%C3%A9thodique

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The part of the furnace with the minimum cross-section separating the gas burner from the bath in certain open-hearth furnaces.  1, record 34, English, - throat

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Section minimale du passage des gaz séparant du laboratoire proprement dit la chambre de combustion de certains fours Martin.  1, record 34, French, - %C3%A9tranglement

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dense-Phase Furnace Sorbent Injection.... DP-FSI is a Dense Phase-Sorbent Injection System that is simple, yet highly effective. The unique dense phase transport system injects a dry sorbent into the furnace or other appropriate injection points, efficiently removing acid gases from the combustion gas stream before they reach the atmosphere. The sorbent reacts with the acid gases to form a solid which is removed in the particulate control system.  3, record 35, English, - furnace%20sorbent%20injection

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Furnace sorbent injection represents an approach for achieving moderate levels of SO2 reduction in coal-fired boilers.  4, record 35, English, - furnace%20sorbent%20injection

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Dry sorbent injection, furnace sorbent slurry injection.  5, record 35, English, - furnace%20sorbent%20injection

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Des chaudières.  1, record 35, French, - injection%20de%20sorbant%20dans%20le%20foyer

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

De las calderas.  1, record 35, Spanish, - inyecci%C3%B3n%20de%20sorbente%20en%20el%20hogar

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Grade. Any of a number of purity standards for chemical products established by various specifications.  2, record 36, English, - welding%2Dgrade%20argon

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Argon : Use : Inert gas shield in arc welding, furnace brazing, plasma jet torches(with hydrogen),...  2, record 36, English, - welding%2Dgrade%20argon

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

qualité: Critère permettant de distinguer, de hiérarchiser dans une même gamme de produits; catégorie (avec un adjectif, une apposition ou un complément) [...]  2, record 36, French, - argon%20qualit%C3%A9%20soudage

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

On emploie l'argon pour le remplissage des ampoules à incandescence à atmosphère gazeuse, dans certains tubes à gaz r aréfiés, dans les laboratoires, ainsi que dans le soudage ou la coupe à l' arc électrique et dans la fabrication de cristaux de silicium, où il constitue une atmosphère inerte.  2, record 36, French, - argon%20qualit%C3%A9%20soudage

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pyrohydrolysis is a lixiviant regeneration process in which metal chlorides obtained from leaching either primary or secondary raw materials can be thermally decomposed into metal oxides and hydrogen chloride. Every metal chloride hydrolyses under different conditions, i. e. temperature and gas atmosphere, which opens up opportunities for metal separation. The separation of iron from zinc, lead and/or cadmium present as oxide, ferrite or silicate in both waste materials and ores through pyrohydrolysis is being investigated in both a tube furnace an a 100 mm diameter fluid bed.  1, record 37, English, - pyrohydrolysis

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les principaux procédés de combustion sont : - l'incinération : combustion en présence d'un excès d'oxygène, - la pyrolyse : combustion en atmosphère déficitaire en oxygène, qui entraîne la gazéification d'une partie des matières organiques, - la pyrohydrolyse : réaction avec la vapeur d'eau vers 800 °C, - la combustion en milieu sels fondus, - la digestion acide : oxydation en milieu acide H₂SO₄ + HNO₃.  1, record 37, French, - pyrohydrolyse

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An undissolved tiny bubble of gas or air that rises to the surface while melting the ingredients of glass, especially in an inadequately heated old-style furnace.  4, record 38, English, - seed

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If not removed, seeds show as tiny specks in the finished glass object.  4, record 38, English, - seed

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A monolithic gas port in an open-hearth furnace, generally rammed in situ around a metal template, either while the furnace is hot or when it has cooled.  1, record 39, English, - scotch%20block

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bloc de brûleur à gaz, monolithique dans un four Martin, damé sur place autour d'un gabarit métallique à froid ou suivant une méthode de réparation à chaud.  1, record 39, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20%C3%A0%20dame

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A furnace using low atmospheric pressures instead of a protective gas atmosphere like most heat-treating furnaces.  2, record 40, English, - vacuum%20furnace

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vacuum furnaces are categorized as hot wall or cold wall, depending on the location of the heating and insulating components.  2, record 40, English, - vacuum%20furnace

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le four à vide de l'installation, les lingots sont fondus par faisceaux d'électrons dans un milieu parfaitement stérile.  2, record 40, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20vide

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A tall iron cylinder lined with firebrick and packed inside with chequer brickwork. The hot gas from the blast furnace, which contains about 28% combustible constituents, together with sufficient air to burn it, passes through the stove until the brickwork is heated to redness. The gas and air are then diverted to a second stove, where the same thing is allowed to occur. Meanwhile the air-blast to the tuyères is passed through the hot brickwork of the firststove, until the brickwork has cooled. The air-blast is thus pre-heated to a temperature of from 700 °C to 800 °C. Cowper stoves work in pairs and are alternatively used to absorb and to emit heat.  3, record 41, English, - Cowper%20stove

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Appareil à inversion utilisé en sidérurgie pour la récupération de la chaleur latente des gaz sortant des hauts fourneaux et pour le réchauffage de l'air envoyé aux tuyères.  1, record 41, French, - cowper

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Process reactor configurations for pyrolysis.... Stacked beds(crossed by gas) : Fixed... Moving(Moving belt... Blast furnace)... Stirred(Moving hearth and multihearth furnace... Rotary kilns) Vibrated and pulsated....  2, record 42, English, - stacked%20beds%20reactor

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Types de réacteurs. Pour les procédés de gazéification et de pyrolyse les réacteurs industriels permettant les réactions entre une phase gazeuse et une phase solide peuvent être classés en 3 catégories - réacteurs à lits empilés, lits fixes, bandes transporteuses, fours multiétages, fours rotatifs ... Ces dispositifs parmi lesquels on trouve les gazogènes classiques opèrent avec des diamètres de particules compris entre 10[indice]-2 et 10₂ mm et des temps de séjour de solide variant entre 10₃ et 10₅ secondes. - réacteurs à lits fluidisés (...) réacteurs à lits transportés (...)  1, record 42, French, - r%C3%A9acteur%20%C3%A0%20lits%20empil%C3%A9s

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the spreader stoker projects fuel into the furnace over the fire with a uniform spreading action, permitting suspension burning of the fine fuel particles. The heavier pieces, that cannot be supported in the gas flow, fall to the grate for combustion in a thin fast-burning bed.  3, record 43, English, - spreader%20stoker

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Spreader stokers ... feed coal by rotors or paddles....  4, record 43, English, - spreader%20stoker

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Grates for spreader stokers may be of several types. ... continuous ash discharging grate, such as the traveling grate, [the reciprocating and vibrating grates;] ... stationary grate and dumping grate ....  5, record 43, English, - spreader%20stoker

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Stokers are [also] classified according to the method of feeding fuel to the furnace, as 1. spreader, 2. underfeed, 3. chain grate or traveling grate, and 4. vibrating grate.  5, record 43, English, - spreader%20stoker

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

(...) appareil [dans lequel] le combustible est projeté sur la grille au moyen d'un dispositif approprié, la grille étant situé à l'intérieur de la chaudière. L'air comburant primaire est soufflé sous la grille. Le décrassage a lieu en général manuellement.  5, record 43, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20%C3%A0%20projection

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Brûleurs à projection. (...) Ils comprennent, en outre: la grille fixe ou tournante à barreaux fixes ou oscillants, les dispositifs de distribution du charbon, l'organe de lancement du combustible (pelleteur oscillant ou rotatif à commande mécanique ou pneumatique), le mécanisme de commande et de réglage d'allure, le moteur d'entraînement du mécanisme.  5, record 43, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20%C3%A0%20projection

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En anglais, on parle surtout du dispositif d'alimentation en combustible du foyer (stoker); en français, on parle plutôt de l'endroit où a lieu la combustion (foyer) et où est logé l'organe de combustion qu'est la grille. Il est à noter que selon le LAROG, le foyer "est à la fois un lieu et un ensemble d'appareils ou d'organes (...)". MOMON semble donc utiliser foyer et grille au sens de dispositif. Ainsi grille semble parfois désigner la partie (grate) ou dispositif d'alimentation du foyer ou le tout (stoker).  6, record 43, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20%C3%A0%20projection

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Flash Calcining. Flash or gas suspension calcining is a recent development, and at least two manufacturers are promoting this technology as another alternative for pulp mill lime reburning. Fuller, for example, has over 25 flash calcining systems in operation on a variety of materials. The heart of the system is a swirl-type furnace in which the combustion of fuel is in intimate contact with the material being calcined. Fuller claims that the turbulent swirling mixture produces a uniform temperature profile, and that conventional flame temperatures are never encountered because the material absorbs the excess heat instantaneously.  1, record 44, English, - flash%20calcining

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A reactor where pyrolysis is carried out.  2, record 45, English, - pyrolysis%20reactor

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The pyrolysis reactor consists of a vertical steel tube, 30 cm in length and 4 cm in diameter. The reactor is surrounded by a tube furnace which can be moved vertically by means of a motor.... The gas from the reactor is withdrawn through the bottom of the reactor via an electrically heated tube.  1, record 45, English, - pyrolysis%20reactor

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réacteur de gazéification utilisé pour effectuer une pyrolyse.  1, record 45, French, - r%C3%A9acteur%20de%20pyrolyse

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the direct-fired system, raw coal is fed directly to a pulverizer where it is pulverized, mixed with air, and blown to the burner.  2, record 46, English, - direct%2Dfired%20system

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Direct-fired System. Sometimes called the Unit System, this method incorporates a pulverizer, or mill, close to the furnace. The pulverized coal is delivered to the burner in suspension with the primary air of combustion. Equipment included : The raw coal feeder, the air-swept pulverizer, the exhauster or primary air fan, a connection to some source of hot air or flue gas, piping, valves, and burner, plus control apparatus.  3, record 46, English, - direct%2Dfired%20system

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) installation à charbon pulvérisé. Après être passé dans un classificateur, le charbon broyé est transporté, par l'air chaud primaire que fournit le ventilateur, jusqu'aux brûleurs (...) où le charbon pulvérisé est mélangé à tout ou partie de l'air secondaire et porté à l'ignition (...)  2, record 46, French, - installation%20de%20charbon%20pulv%C3%A9ris%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20chauffe%20directe

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chauffe directe. Le charbon pulvérisé est envoyé directement du broyeur aux brûleurs. (...) Il n'existe aucun stockage entre le broyeur et le brûleur (...)  3, record 46, French, - installation%20de%20charbon%20pulv%C3%A9ris%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20chauffe%20directe

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A period of time after burner startup (call for heat) during which the burner motor (blower or fan) runs to change the air of the combustion chamber and breeching prior to ignition trials. This removes any unburned fuel so only the incoming fuel will be present for ignition.  2, record 47, English, - prepurge

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The programmer controls the sequence of operation as follows : 1. Starts the burner fan so that the furnace, or combustion space, the gas passages of the heat exchanger, and the breeching are purged of any unburned combustible gases. This flow of air is maintained until the entire volume of combustion space, gas passages, and breeching has been changed at least several times. it is commonly called prepurge.  3, record 47, English, - prepurge

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les traits communs des systèmes de régulation de grandes chaudières à gaz ou à fuel sont : le système de sécurité de fermeture [...], la vérification de l'allumage électrique avant démarrage, la pré-purge pour évacuer les gaz non brûlés de la chambre de combustion avant démarrage, la post-purge [...] et l'allumage à faible intensité [...]  3, record 47, French, - pr%C3%A9balayage

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Certains brûleurs réalisent le prébalayage, c'est-à-dire un effet de soufflerie qui précède l'allumage des électrodes et qui a pour effet de chasser les gaz détonants (mélange de gaz rémanents et imbrûlés qui n'auraient pas fait l'objet d'une combustion parfaite) La période de prébalayage (quelques secondes) peut se confondre avec la période de pré-allumage qui correspond à la mise sous tension du transformateur d'allumage.  1, record 47, French, - pr%C3%A9balayage

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A burner designed to burn gas in an appliance originally designed to utilize another fuel.  4, record 48, English, - gas%20conversion%20burner

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The first option simply involves the replacement of the oil burner section of a furnace or boiler with a natural gas or propane conversion burner. This option is limited to oil furnaces that are compatible with the technique(many are not) and furnaces that are in good enough condition to have a reasonable life expectancy after conversion... There are several types of gas conversion burners available...  5, record 48, English, - gas%20conversion%20burner

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Conversion burner should be a factory-assembled unit, incorporating an automatic pilot, automatic gas-control valve ... gas-pressure regulator....  6, record 48, English, - gas%20conversion%20burner

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Horizontal gas-fired furnace... does not come equipped with its own blower.... Duct furnaces are normally certified for operation either upstream or downstream of an air conditioner cooling coil. A combination blower and duct furnace is also available, but it is called a blower unit heater. Duct furnaces and blower unit heaters are available in natural gas, LP, oil, and electric models.  1, record 49, English, - blower%20unit%20heater

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les appareils à émission individuelle (poêles à accumulation ou appareil à chauffage direct tels que panneaux radiants lumineux ou obscurs, aérothermes soufflants).  2, record 49, French, - a%C3%A9rotherme%20soufflant

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Furnace through which the circulating air flows in the opposite direction to the flue gases.  3, record 50, English, - counterflow%20furnace

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Basically, there are three types of gas furnaces. They are : the upflow; the counterflow; and the horizontal furnace. The direction of air flow through the furnace is the determining factor for its name.  4, record 50, English, - counterflow%20furnace

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le rendement des appareils [de chauffage à air chaud] ne semble pas affecté par la forme lamellaire ou tubulaire des échangeurs, mais les échangeurs à contre-courant, comme il est normal, conduisent à un meilleur rendement de la surface d'échange que les échangeurs à courants parallèles ou croisés.  2, record 50, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur%20d%27air%20chaud%20%C3%A0%20circulation%20%C3%A0%20contre%2Dcourant

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Natural gas furnaces. Natural gas, the most common fuel for residential heating, is usually burned in a central system forced air furnace. This type of furnace is equipped with a blower to circulate the air through the furnace enclosure, over the heat exchanger, and through the ductwork distribution system.  2, record 51, English, - natural%20gas%20furnace

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gravity furnace [which burns coal, wood, oil or gas] in which the entire heat output is delivered through one opening directly above the combustion chamber. Return air enters the unit through grille work around the perimeter of the outlet grille.  2, record 52, English, - pipeless%20furnace

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pipeless Furnaces: These are essentially gravity warm air furnaces that are not connected to ducts. The furnace is mounted directly under the space to be heated. All the air heated in its outer jacket is discharged through a register above the heat exchanger. They are used for heating small homes and other small one-story properties.  3, record 52, English, - pipeless%20furnace

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La fournaise sans tuyauterie représente la forme la plus simple de chauffage à air chaud par gravité. L'appareil de chauffage est installé sous le plancher de la pièce habitée et l'air réchauffé est libéré par une seule bouche d'air percée au centre du plancher. L'air frais de retour pénètre dans une ouverture circulaire qui entoure la bouche d'air chaud.  1, record 52, French, - fournaise%20sans%20tuyauterie