TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Artificial fracturing is required to increase the effective porosity of... organic-rich shales and release the tightly held methane.... Both the porosity and the permeability of [the tight sands] formations are low so that hydraulic or explosive fracturing techniques must be employed to recover the gas.  2, record 1, English, - artificial%20fracturing

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de stimulation qui consiste à créer artificiellement des fractures dans la couche productrice afin d'en augmenter la perméabilité au voisinage immédiat du puits.  2, record 1, French, - fracturation%20artificielle

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La fracturation hydraulique et la fracturation explosive sont deux types de fracturation artificielle.  3, record 1, French, - fracturation%20artificielle

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Natural gas from very low permeability reservoirs is often referred to as "tight gas" and requires special stimulation before commercial rates of production can be achieved.  5, record 2, English, - tight%20gas

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Tight gas refers to natural gas [accumulated in] reservoirs locked in extraordinarily impermeable, hard rock, making the underground formation extremely "tight."  6, record 2, English, - tight%20gas

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gaz naturel qui est difficile à extraire de la roche dans laquelle il est piégé, en raison de la faible perméabilité de celle-ci.  7, record 2, French, - gaz%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le gaz de réservoir étanche désigne une composante du gaz classique qui est produite à partir de réservoirs de faible perméabilité. Généralement, les réservoirs de gaz étanches n'ont pas de voies de cheminement naturelles suffisantes à travers le roc pour que le gaz naturel rejoigne le puits de forage; ils ont donc besoin d'une forme de stimulation artificielle pour créer ces voies de cheminement.  8, record 2, French, - gaz%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[…] le gaz de schiste, le gaz de réservoir étanche et le pétrole de réservoir étanche font référence aux ressources non traditionnelles provenant de réservoirs à faible perméabilité qui sont exploitées en utilisant des puits horizontaux et la fracturation hydraulique en plusieurs étapes.  9, record 2, French, - gaz%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pétrole de réservoir compact : terme et définition publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 septembre 2018.  10, record 2, French, - gaz%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] gas natural contenido en rocas muy compactas, areniscas y/o calizas, con valores de permeabilidad matricial muy bajos.  4, record 2, Spanish, - gas%20de%20formaciones%20compactas

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] el gas [...] ha migrado desde la roca madre y se encuentra contenido en microfracturas y en la escasa porosidad matricial de la roca [reservorio].  4, record 2, Spanish, - gas%20de%20formaciones%20compactas

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Petrophysics is the study of the physical properties and the rock and fluid interaction in petroleum systems. A petrophysicist in the oil and gas industry helps fill in some of the details after geologists and geophysicists have found a reservoir target. Specifically, they create a clear picture of the reservoir's rock formation, fluid content, permeability and porosity.  2, record 3, English, - petrophysicist

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tight gas reservoirs are the gas-bearing rocks that are commonly characterized by an extremely low permeability of less than 0. 1 millidarcy(mD), extensive and deep locations, and abnormal pressure such as over-or under-pressure. The tight gas reservoirs are identified offshore southeast of the Korean Peninsula.  3, record 4, English, - tight%20gas%20reservoir

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A tight gas reservoir is often defined also as a gas-bearing sandstone or carbonate matrix, which may or may not contain natural fractures which exhibits an in situ permeability to gas of less than 0. 10 mD. Many ultra tight gas reservoirs may have in situ permeability down to 0. 001 mD.  4, record 4, English, - tight%20gas%20reservoir

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La valorisation des réservoirs gaziers compacts, dits «tight gas reservoirs», dont les accumulations sont importantes, permettrait d'augmenter significativement les réserves mondiales d'hydrocarbures. [...] Caractérisés par des roches peu poreuses et peu perméables, les «tight gas reservoirs» constituent un prospect encore peu exploité en dehors des États-Unis [...]  2, record 4, French, - r%C3%A9servoir%20de%20gaz%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[...] le gaz de réservoir étanche désigne une composante du gaz classique qui est produite à partir de réservoirs de faible perméabilité. Généralement, les réservoirs de gaz étanches n'ont pas de voies de cheminement naturelles suffisantes à travers le roc pour que le gaz naturel rejoigne le puits de forage; ils ont donc besoin d'une forme de stimulation artificielle pour créer ces voies de cheminement.  1, record 4, French, - r%C3%A9servoir%20de%20gaz%20%C3%A9tanche

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A reserve of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids found in reservoirs with low permeability and porosity.  2, record 5, English, - tight%20hydrocarbon%20resource

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

tight: applicable to a reservoir having low permeability and porosity.  2, record 5, English, - tight%20hydrocarbon%20resource

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

tight hydrocarbon resource; tight resource: terms usually used in the plural.  2, record 5, English, - tight%20hydrocarbon%20resource

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réserve de pétrole brut, de gaz naturel et de liquides de gaz naturel accumulée dans des réservoirs qui ont une porosité et une perméabilité très faibles.  2, record 5, French, - ressource%20de%20r%C3%A9servoirs%20%C3%A9tanches

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ressource de réservoirs étanches : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel.  2, record 5, French, - ressource%20de%20r%C3%A9servoirs%20%C3%A9tanches

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Reserva de petróleo crudo, de gas natural y de líquidos del gas natural acumulada en yacimientos de baja permeablidad y porosidad.  1, record 5, Spanish, - recurso%20proveniente%20de%20yacimientos%20compactos

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

recurso proveniente de yacimientos compactos: término utilizado generalmente en plural.  1, record 5, Spanish, - recurso%20proveniente%20de%20yacimientos%20compactos

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Conventional oil and gas resources are those in which oil and gas can be economically produced given natural reservoir conditions. In other words, the hydrocarbons are housed at high concentrations in reservoirs of sufficient porosity and permeability such that natural subsurface pressure can drive the hydrocarbon into wells and to the surface at rates that result in profitable(commercial) production.  2, record 6, English, - conventional%20oil%20and%20gas%20resources

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... horizontal drilling is usually undertaken to achieve important technical objectives related to specific characteristics of a target reservoir [such as] the reservoir rock's permeability, which is its capacity to conduct fluid flow through the interconnections of its pore spaces(termed its "matrix permeability"), or through fractures(its "fracture permeability"), and/or the expected propensity of the reservoir to develop water or gas influxes deleterious to production, either from other parts of the reservoir or from adjacent rocks, as production takes place(an event called "coning").  2, record 7, English, - fracture%20permeability

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Perméabilité secondaire artificiellement créée par les fractures provoquées dans un milieu rocheux.  1, record 7, French, - permeabilit%C3%A9%20par%20fracturation

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La fracturation est un procédé utilisé dans l'extraction du pétrole pour augmenter, en y pratiquant des fractures, la perméabilité de la couche productrice.  2, record 7, French, - permeabilit%C3%A9%20par%20fracturation

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

perméabilité par fracturation : Équivalent confirmé par Robert Bélanger, chef, Services scientifiques, Ressources naturelles Canada.  2, record 7, French, - permeabilit%C3%A9%20par%20fracturation

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Slip of gas molecules at pore wall giving apparently higher permeability than obtained by liquid measurements.  1, record 8, English, - Klinkenberg%20effect

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les perméamètres à air, il y a un léger glissement aux parois entre la carotte et le porte-carotte. C'est l'effet Klinkenberg.  2, record 8, French, - effet%20Klinkenberg

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A tight gas reservoir is often defined... as a gas bearing sandstone or carbonate matrix, which may or may not contain natural fractures which exhibits an in situ permeability to gas of less than 0. 10 mD. Many ultra tight gas reservoirs may have in situ permeability down to 0. 001 mD.  2, record 9, English, - ultra%2Dtight%20gas%20reservoir

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les réservoirs gaziers ultra-compacts figurent [...] en bonne place des cibles à maîtriser pour répondre, demain, à la croissance continue des marchés gaziers. Ces formations rocheuses, trop «serrées» pour laisser circuler le gaz exigent expertises et technologies de pointe pour que jaillisse leur précieuse ressource.  1, record 9, French, - r%C3%A9servoir%20gazier%20ultra%2Dcompact

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le gaz des réservoirs ultra-compacts. – […] Très compacts, difficiles et coûteux à exploiter, ces réservoirs à gaz constituent une cible encore peu valorisée en dehors des États-Unis. Seules quelques sociétés pétrolières, maîtrisant les techniques de pointe nécessaires à leur exploitation sont en mesure de s'intéresser au potentiel prometteur de ces gaz non conventionnels […]  2, record 9, French, - r%C3%A9servoir%20gazier%20ultra%2Dcompact

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The mechanics of MEOR at a molecular level are really quite simple, but must be thoroughly understood to assess both the efficiency and the efficacy of the process. The microbes in MEOR are simply hydrocarbon-utilizing, non-pathogenic microorganisms which are endemic to, and are naturally-occurring in petroleum reservoirs. What this means is, they naturally exist in reservoirs, are safe for plants, animals and humans, and ingest hydrocarbons as a food source which they metabolize. As a result of this "digestive" process, they then excrete bio-products such as alcohols, gases, acids, surfactants and polymers, which because of their origin are all natural and non-toxic.... Changes in the Crude [:] The gases excreted by the microorganisms go immediately into solution in the crude, making it a solution gas drive reservoir once again. The gases, solvents and weak acids cause a reduction in the viscosity and the pour point of the crude, and an increase in its API(or specific) gravity. These three changes cause the oil to be thinner and to flow more freely. Some of the microorganisms inhibit the activity of SRB's, or sulfate-reducing bacteria, which also occur naturally in reservoirs, but cause corrosion in metal parts and produce the deadly H2S(hydrogen sulfide) gas. Changes in the Reservoir Rock [:] The surfactants, acids and solvents clean out the paraffin wax and the heavy crude depositions in the pores of the rock improving the permeability and partially restoring the original porosity of the rock. The polymers help modify the permeability of the rock by reducing the size of the molecules of reservoir fluids, and help prevent and control water-coning problems. The acids, solvents, alcohols and surfactants remove metal traces from the poral throats of the rock, helping to restore the original porosity and permeability of the reservoir rock.  3, record 10, English, - microbial%20enhanced%20oil%20recovery

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'utilisation des techniques de recombinaison de l'ADN pourrait conduire également à la mise au point de micro-organismes améliorés destinés à être injectés directement dans les puits de pétrole. Pour qu'un micro-organisme soit commercialement utilisable, il doit être à même de survivre dans les conditions sévères de température, de salinité et de pression. Une fois dans le puits, le micro-organisme produirait soit un gaz pour remettre le puits sous pression, soit des agents tensio-actifs ou des émulsifiants pour diminuer la viscosité du pétrole. L'utilisation des techniques de recombinaison de l'ADN pourrait contribuer à accroître de façon significative les réserves mondiales récupérables de pétrole.  2, record 10, French, - r%C3%A9cup%C3%A9ration%20microbienne%20assist%C3%A9e%20du%20p%C3%A9trole

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An operation designed to loosen or break up tight formations which contain oil or gas, thus causing such formations to have more permeability and greater production.  1, record 11, English, - sandfracing

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This operation involved the injection of a mixture or blend of crude oil and sand into the producing formation under high pressure by means of pressure pumps, followed by injections of rubberized nylon balls to seal off the fractured formation.  1, record 11, English, - sandfracing

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fracturation hydraulique utilisant de l'huile brute comme fluide de fracturation et du sable comme agent de soutènement de la fracture créée.  1, record 11, French, - fracturation%20au%20sable

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Material composed of copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene exhibiting good chemical and ozone resistance and low permeability to gas. Resistant to a number of phosphate ester fluids but not to petroleum based fluids.  1, record 12, English, - butyl%20rubber%20seal

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Joint en élastomère composé de copolymère d'isobutène et d'isoprène présentant une bonne résistance à l'ozone et une faible perméabilité aux gaz. Résiste à de nombreux fluides à base d'esters phosphoriques mais non aux huiles minérales.  1, record 12, French, - joint%20en%20caoutchouc%20butyl

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The decision to reuse chemical protective gloves must be carefully weighed. ... gloves which have come in contact with highly toxic chemicals should not be reused.  1, record 13, English, - chemical%20protective%20gloves

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Chemical resistant gloves.... Nitrile(NBR)... gloves... superior toughness, chemical resistance, flexibility and comfort. Proven protection to punctures, cuts, snags, abrasion, heat, aging, sunlight, ozone, oxidation, weathering and gas/water permeability.  3, record 13, English, - chemical%20protective%20gloves

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For evident reasons, the term "glove" is more often used in the plural form.  2, record 13, English, - chemical%20protective%20gloves

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Un produit éprouvé pour la protection contre les perforations, les coupures, les déchirures, l'abrasion, la chaleur, le vieillissement, l'effet du rayonnement solaire, l'ozone, l'oxydation, le vieillissement par les intempéries et la traversée des gaz et de l'eau.  2, record 13, French, - gants%20de%20protection%20contre%20les%20agents%20chimiques

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le mot "gants" est un pluriel d'habitude, pour des raisons évidentes.  1, record 13, French, - gants%20de%20protection%20contre%20les%20agents%20chimiques

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Natural gas from very low permeability reservoirs is often referred to as "tight gas" and requires special stimulation before commercial rates of production can be achieved. To date, only a nominal quantity of reserves of tight gas has been booked by the NEB and the Alberta authorities, but there are estimates suggesting that there are great quantities of gas in the Alberta deep basin.  1, record 14, English, - reserve%20of%20tight%20gas

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish