TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A missile or space vehicle that enters a planetary atmosphere at hypersonic velocities will dissipate most of its kinetic energy of flight as thermal energy in the gas flowing around the body(usually called the shock layer).  2, record 1, English, - shock%20layer

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une fusée ou un engin spatial qui pénètre dans l'atmosphère d'une planète à des vitesses hypersoniques dissipe la plus grande partie de l'énergie cinétique acquise au cours de son vol sous forme d'énergie thermique contenue dans le gaz qui s'écoule autour de l'engin (ce gaz forme ce qu'on appelle habituellement la couche de l'onde de choc).  1, record 1, French, - couche%20de%20l%27onde%20de%20choc

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A long-time computation is performed to capture the important physics of the underwater explosion : initial underwater shock propagation and its interaction with material interfaces, expansion and contraction of the explosive gas bubble, and water jetting near a structure on the collapse of the gas bubble.  2, record 2, English, - water%20jetting

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les simulations des essais sur cible rigide se concentraient principalement sur la modélisation de l'effondrement des bulles de gaz et sur la formation des jets d'eau.  1, record 2, French, - formation%20de%20jets%20d%27eau

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Indeed, if one looks at the catalytic propensity (or "catalycity") of each residue (the proportion of catalytic residues/proportion of all residues for each residue type, cysteine has the second highest catalycity behind histidine.  2, record 3, English, - catalycity

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Applications include planetary entry/ascent vehicles where the hot shock layer gases thermally excite and dissociate and the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle(particularly control surfaces) can be different from the perfect gas case. Heat transfer at the vehicle surfaces depends on surface chemical behaviour such as catalycity and ablation, and these effects are catered for in the developed methods.  3, record 3, English, - catalycity

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Étude de catalycité des tuiles de protection thermique pour les engins de rentrée atmosphérique.  2, record 3, French, - catalycit%C3%A9

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Au cours de la rentrée atmosphérique d'un corps, celui-ci est soumis à un écoulement hypersonique (M>5). Dans ces conditions, l'énergie dissipée par l'onde de choc est telle que la couche de choc est le siège de réactions chimiques qui dépendent des niveaux de température et de pression. L'énergie est alors essentiellement stockée sous forme chimique, et la composition de l'atmosphère peut fortement influencer la quantité d'énergie libérée par les réactions de recombinaison et retransmise à la paroi. Les caractéristiques «catalytiques» de la paroi vis à vis de ces réactions jouent donc un rôle fondamental sur la quantité d'énergie cédée à la paroi. L'objectif est donc d'analyser et de quantifier ces phénomènes, en particulier pour qualifier par rapport aux conditions spatiales les moyens d'essai «sol» des matériaux de réentrée atmosphérique (composites non ablatifs), ces moyens étant des torches à plasma inductif ou à arc mis en œuvre à EADS-LV Saint Médard.  3, record 3, French, - catalycit%C3%A9

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A shock front about 50 astronomical units from the sun, where the thermal pressure of the interstellar gas which surrounds the solar system overcomes the pressure of the solar wind, which is mostly ram pressure due to its high-velocity flow.  2, record 4, English, - heliopause

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] région où le vent solaire est arrêté par le milieu interstellaire en formant une onde de choc.  2, record 4, French, - h%C3%A9liopause

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A material that can react by itself (for example, polymerization) or with air or water to produce a hazardous condition.  2, record 5, English, - dangerously%20reactive%20material

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Controlled Products Regulations describe technical criteria for identifying materials which are classified as dangerously reactive. A dangerously reactive material can react vigorously : with water to produce a very toxic gas; on its own by polymerization or decomposition; or under conditions of shock, or an increase in pressure or temperature. A dangerously reactive material may cause a fire, explosion or other hazardous condition. It is very important to know which conditions(such as shock, heating or contact with water) may set off the dangerous reaction so that appropriate preventive measures can be taken.  3, record 5, English, - dangerously%20reactive%20material

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le Règlement sur les produits contrôlés donne les critères techniques servant à identifier les substances qui appartiennent à la catégorie des matières dangereusement réactives. Une matière dangereusement réactive peut réagir violemment : avec de l'eau pour produire un gaz très toxique; par elle-même par polymérisation ou par décomposition; ou sous l'effet d'un choc ou d'une augmentation de pression ou de température. Une matière dangereusement réactive peut déclencher un incendie ou une explosion, ou donner lieu à d'autres conditions dangereuses. Il est très important de connaître les conditions susceptibles d'occasionner une réaction dangereuse (choc, chaleur, humidité) pour pouvoir prendre les mesures de prévention appropriées.  2, record 5, French, - mati%C3%A8re%20dangereusement%20r%C3%A9active

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of lighting that utilizes light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), or polymer light-emitting diodes as sources of illumination rather than electrical filaments or gas.  3, record 6, English, - solid%2Dstate%20lighting

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "solid state" refers to the fact that light in an LED is emitted from a solid object(a block of semiconductor) rather than from a vacuum or gas tube, as is the case in traditional incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent lamps. Unlike traditional lighting, however, SSL creates visible light with virtually no heat or parasitic energy dissipation. In addition, its solid-state nature provides for greater resistance to shock, vibration, and wear, thereby increasing its lifespan significantly.  3, record 6, English, - solid%2Dstate%20lighting

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les systèmes d'éclairage à semiconducteurs de Philips procurent les multiples avantages propres à la mise en lumière au moyen de diodes électroluminescentes, notamment une très longue durée de vie, un entretien extrêmement réduit et pratiquement 100 % de fiabilité.  2, record 6, French, - %C3%A9clairage%20%C3%A0%20semi%2Dconducteurs

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Sun emits a steady flow of electrically-charged particles called the solar wind. As the solar wind expands supersonically into space, it creates a magnetized bubble around the Sun--the heliosphere. Eventually, the solar wind runs into the electrically-charged particles and magnetic field in the interstellar gas. The solar wind abruptly slows down from supersonic to subsonic speed, creating a termination shock. Before both spacecraft travel beyond the heliopause into interstellar space, they must pass through that shockwave.  2, record 7, English, - termination%20shock

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It's very difficult to squeeze matter until it's denser than an atomic nucleus. The core resists further compression at this density, and bounces back outward. The rebounding core sends a shock wave through the outer layers of the star(the silicon, oxygen, carbon, helium, hydrogen layers), and heats them up. The shock heating is assisted by neutrinos... and by convection. The shock-heated gas expands outward to form a... supernova remnant, such as the Crab Nebula.  2, record 8, English, - shock%2Dheated%20gas

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A shock or strut damps excessive vehicle spring motion by the controlled movement of fluid under pressure. Fluid provides the resistance to movement. The amount of that resistance is controlled by valving. Before Monroe gas charged shocks and struts, valve orifices could not be enlarged to increase riding comfort without losing damping effectiveness. So valving was compromised in one of two directions : soft or hard valving. With soft valving, fluid flows more easily. The result is a smooth ride, but with poor handling--and a lot of roll and sway. When valving is hard, fluid flows less easily. Handling is improved, but the ride can become rough.  2, record 9, English, - soft%20valving

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

With the push of a button, the driver selects ... Soft ... then changes to soft valving, providing a smooth, comfortable ride while still offering good handling characteristics.  3, record 9, English, - soft%20valving

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On peut également commander une suspension électronique réglable, permettant au chauffeur de choisir une des deux positions d'amortissement : suspension douce et suspension plus ferme pour le remorquage.  1, record 9, French, - suspension%20douce

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The energy eruptions in the solar atmosphere can lead to the acceleration of local gas particles to extremely high energies and their injection into the interplanetary space. These fast moving streams of particles are recorded by ERNE. At times, when there is no energetic particle production at the Sun, ERNE is observing the continuous flux of energetic particles from Milky Way(galactic cosmic rays), and from the boundary of the heliosphere accelerated by the termination shock(anomalous cosmic rays).  3, record 10, English, - energetic%20and%20relativistic%20nuclei%20and%20electron%20experiment

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

quenching :Shock cooling by immersing liquid or molten material into a cooling medium(liquid or gas) ;used in metallurgy, plastics forming and petroleum refining.  2, record 11, English, - quenching%20crack

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

... a step in heat treating.  3, record 11, English, - quenching%20crack

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 3 OBS

crack: A break, fissure or rupture usually "V" shaped and relatively narrow and deep.  1, record 11, English, - quenching%20crack

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les criques de trempe se forment en surface d'une pièce subissant un refroidissement trop énergique.  1, record 11, French, - crique%20de%20trempe

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La méthode [examen magnétoscopique] est très employée, uniquement pour des matériaux ferromagnétiques, dans l'industrie mécanique (...) pour recherche les fêlures dues à un traitement thermique (criques de trempe) (...)  2, record 11, French, - crique%20de%20trempe

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

voir vedette.  3, record 11, French, - crique%20de%20trempe

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish