TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] material used to assist filtration of colloids, extra fine particles, gel like, and highly compactible materials, which is difficult to be filtered due to low filtrate rate, unacceptable filtrate clarity, high cake moisture content, or serious filter medium clogging.  1, record 1, English, - filtration%20aid

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sólidos que ayudan a mantener la permeabilidad del lecho de filtración al mismo tiempo que retienen los sólidos en suspensión del fluido que se filtra.  1, record 1, Spanish, - coadyudante%20de%20filtraci%C3%B3n

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process by means of which macromolecular species differing in some characteristic (chemical composition, relative molecular mass, branching, stereoregularity, etc.) are separated from each other.  2, record 2, English, - fractionation

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In general, the separation or isolation of a mixture or a micromolecular complex... Macromolecular components(proteins and other high polymers) can be separated by a number of methods, including electrophoresis, gel filtration, chromatography, centrifugation, foam fractionation, and partition.  3, record 2, English, - fractionation

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

fractionation: term and definition standardized by ISO.  4, record 2, English, - fractionation

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus par lequel des espèces macromoléculaires différenciées les unes des autres par une caractéristique quelconque (composition chimique, masse moléculaire relative, ramification, stéréorégularité, etc.) sont séparées les unes des autres.  2, record 2, French, - fractionnement

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fractionnement : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  3, record 2, French, - fractionnement

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proceso por medio del cual especies macromoleculares que difieren en alguna característica (composición química, masa molecular relativa, ramificación, estereoregularidad, etc.) se separan unas de otras.  1, record 2, Spanish, - fraccionamiento

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gel produced by cross-linking selected dextran fractions with epichlorhydrin and marketed in bead form. Various types of gels are available, differing in pore size and swelling characteristics, according to the degree of cross-linking.  2, record 3, English, - Sephadex%C2%AE

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sephadex is used in gel filtration. Gels in which the matrix is a minor component are used for fractionation of high molecular weight substances; denser gels are used for separation of low molecular weight compounds. Sephadex is available in eight porosities which provide the fractionation of globular proteins with molecular weights of up to 8 x 10⁵ and linear polymers of up to 2 x 10⁵.  2, record 3, English, - Sephadex%C2%AE

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sephadex® is a registered trademark of Pharmacia Biotechnology AB.  3, record 3, English, - Sephadex%C2%AE

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nom déposé d'un gel de dextran modifié, obtenu par réticulation des macromolécules par l'épichlorhydrine pour former un réseau tridimensionnel de chaînes de polysaccharides se présentant sous forme de très petits grains sphériques (perles).  3, record 3, French, - S%C3%A9phadex

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les gels de dextrane utilisés (type Sephadex) sont des polyosides comportant un nombre variable de liaisons croisées lesquelles déterminent un degré de porosité; la pénétration des macromolécules dans ces gels est plus ou moins facile selon leur taille d'où le nom de «tamis moléculaires» que l'on donne parfois à ces colonnes de gel de dextrane : les plus grosses molécules, exclues du gel, sortiront les premières de la colonne, tandis que les plus petites, pouvant y pénétrer, seront retardées et sortiront en dernier.  4, record 3, French, - S%C3%A9phadex

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sephadex® : marque déposée.  3, record 3, French, - S%C3%A9phadex

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A cross-linked] support material [obtained by] the copolymerization of acrylamide with suitably reactive monomers, that forms gels in both water and organic solvents, [that] can be used in a wide range of gel filtration applications and [that] offers a wide range of groups functionally active in enzyme binding.  2, record 4, English, - Enzacryl%C2%AE

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

All Enzacryl supports are highly hydrophilic in nature, exhibit low physical adsorption of proteins, have good mechanical stability and handling characteristics, and are easily activated and coupled with enzymes. Some advantages of these supports have also been partially verified.  3, record 4, English, - Enzacryl%C2%AE

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Enzacryl®: A trademark of Koch-Light Laboratories Limited.  4, record 4, English, - Enzacryl%C2%AE

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Copolymère hydrophile à base d'acrylamide et de dérivés de l'acrylamide [qui] est utilisé dans la préparation d'enzymes insolubles dans l'eau.  1, record 4, French, - Enzacryl%C2%AE

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Enzacryl® : Marque de commerce de la société Koch-Light Laboratories Limited.  2, record 4, French, - Enzacryl%C2%AE

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chromatographic analysis in which the stationary phase consists of beads of porous polymeric material sold under the trade name Sephadex; the mobile phase is liquid.  10, record 5, English, - gel%20permeation%20chromatography

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gel Filtration Chromatography. The gel filtration method is a relatively new fractionation procedure in liquid chromatography for the separation of molecules according to the differences in size and shape and can be considered a a kind of "molecular sieve. "This method has also been referred to in some publications as exclusion chromatography, restricted diffusion chromatography, restricted diffusion chromatography, gel chromatography and gel permeation chromatography, just to mention a few.  12, record 5, English, - gel%20permeation%20chromatography

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Gel permeation chromatography... is the preferred term for what has also been known variously as exclusion chromatography, gel chromatography and gel filtration.  13, record 5, English, - gel%20permeation%20chromatography

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"Gel chromatography" is an inclusive term to designate all forms of exclusion chromatography.  10, record 5, English, - gel%20permeation%20chromatography

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Analyse chromatographique dans laquelle la phase stationnaire est formée de perles de substance poreuse et la phase mobile est liquide.  8, record 5, French, - chromatographie%20sur%20gel

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La substance poreuse utilisée est connue commercialement sous l'appellation Sephadex.  8, record 5, French, - chromatographie%20sur%20gel

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procedimiento cromatográfico que separa distintas sustancias en función de sus tamaños moleculares.  3, record 5, Spanish, - filtraci%C3%B3n%20en%20gel

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any of numerous polysaccharides (C₆H₁₀O₅)_n that yield only glucose on hydrolysis [and are] of very high molecular weight usually obtained by fermentation of sugar with bacteria of the genus Leuconostoc (as L. mesenteroides).  3, record 6, English, - dextran

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Used in the brewing industry (antifoaming agent) and in candy. A barley malt substitute.  4, record 6, English, - dextran

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

It is also used in the production of media for gel filtration chromatography(Sephadex), plasma volume expanders, ion exchangers and flow improvers. It also causes fouling problems and distorts crystal shape, producing long needles, in sugar processing. Dextran is produced commercially by growing Leuconostoc mesenteroides on sucrose-based media.  5, record 6, English, - dextran

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Clinical dextran has been standardized to a low molecular weight (75,000).  6, record 6, English, - dextran

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Polysaccharide de haut poids moléculaire, produit par la fermentation du saccharose sous l'action de certaines bactéries (Leuconostoc, Acetobacter, etc.). Employé en brasserie (antimousse) et en confiserie. Substitut du malt d'orge.  2, record 6, French, - dextrane

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Certains dextranes servent en confiserie.  3, record 6, French, - dextrane

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le dextrane de synthèse (dextran) est utilisé dans les transfusions sanguines. Les propriétés physico-chimiques de ce produit s'apparentent au plasma.  4, record 6, French, - dextrane

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cualquiera de los polisacáridos obtenidos por polimerización de isomaltosa mediante enlaces 1->6.  2, record 6, Spanish, - dextrano

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A form of calcium phosphate used in chromatography, it also contains carbonate, magnesium, citrate, and fluoride ions. It is found in the matrix of bone and the teeth, which gives rigidity to these structures.  2, record 7, English, - hydroxyapatite

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hydroxyapatite(HA) has been used in batch techniques for enzyme purification over a considerable period.... Bernardi considered that chromatography on HA should be used as an additional tool in the purification of proteins because the basis of separation is different from that of either ion exchange or gel filtration.  3, record 7, English, - hydroxyapatite

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Hydrophosphate de calcium à structure microcristalline, formant le cristal osseux.  1, record 7, French, - hydroxyapathite

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les protéines peuvent être adsorbées, puis sélectivement éluées sur des colonnes d'un matériel finement divisé relativement inerte qui possède une grande surface par rapport à la taille des particules. (...) Le plus largement et le plus efficacement utilisé de ces adsorbants pour la purification des protéines est l'hydroxyapatite. (...) Vraisemblablement, les groupements chargés négativement des molécules protéiques se lient aux ions Ca2+ dans les cristaux d'hydroxyapatite. Les protéines peuvent être éluées à partir des colonnes d'hydroxyapatite avec des tampons phosphate.  3, record 7, French, - hydroxyapathite

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A protein, polypeptide, nucleic acid, oligonucleotide, etc. used as a reference material in analytical techniques such as gel filtration chromatography, electrophoresis and density gradient centrifugation.  1, record 8, English, - molecular%20weight%20marker

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Macromolécule (protéine, acide nucléique, etc.), de masse moléculaire connue, utilisée comme référence dans les techniques d'analyse tels la chromatographie, l'électrophorèse et la centrifugation.  2, record 8, French, - %C3%A9talon%20de%20masse%20mol%C3%A9culaire

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Type of high performance liquid chromatography that uses a gel filtration column.  1, record 9, English, - high%20performance%20ultrafiltration

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proprietary form of agarose supplied in bead form for use in gel filtration and other types of liquid chromatography.  1, record 10, English, - Sepharose

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Marque déposée d'un gel de dextran modifié utilisé pour effectuer la chromatographie d'exclusion.  2, record 10, French, - S%C3%A9pharose

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Immunoglobulin stimulating factor(IPSF) 11f was purified from Namalwa cell lysate by ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration.  1, record 11, English, - Namalwa%20cell

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Implantation of porcine bone morphogenetic protein(pBMP) in the muscle induces differentiation of mesenchymal-type cells and results in endochondral bone formation, pBMP was isolated from porcine demineralized bone matrix and purified by hydroxyapatite chromatography, Sephadex G75 gel filtration, preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE), preparative isoelectric focusing(IEF), and chromatofocusing fast protein liquid chromatography(FPLC).  1, record 12, English, - fast%20protein%20liquid%20chromatography

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term and context extracted from the PASCAL data base.  1, record 12, English, - fast%20protein%20liquid%20chromatography

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme tiré de la liste française des descripteurs de l'article (base de données PASCAL).  1, record 12, French, - chromatographie%20FPLC

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The methods used in the recovery of industrial enzymes. In enzyme production by fermentation, the output of product is often low. It is necessary therefore to concentrate and partially purify the product. The overall process consists of enzyme extraction, followed by concentration and drying. Techniques used in concentration include ultrafiltration, precipitation, adsorption techniques using ion exchangers, affinity columns, etc. or the use of gel filtration.  1, record 13, English, - enzyme%20recovery

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Commercial enzyme preparations are available in solid or liquid form. Solid preparations are obtained by spray drying or freeze drying, or granulation in the presence of maltodextrin as a carrier. Liquid preparations may be stabilized by addition of divalent cations, buffers, inhibitors. A few commercial enzymes are supplied in an immobilized form.  1, record 13, English, - enzyme%20recovery

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les réacteurs enzymatiques (...) ont, en principe, pour fonction la production, en continu, de produits de conversion de substrat. Dans un premier type de réacteur, les enzymes insolubilisées, attachées à des particules, sont brassées dans le substrat. Cette technologie primitive, utilisée dans les industries agro-alimentaires, est simplement dérivée de celles utilisées pour les enzymes solubles. La récupération de l'enzyme insoluble reste délicate et s'opère au prix de grandes pertes. (...) Les autres types de réacteurs reposent sur le passage lent du substrat, à une vitesse déterminée par l'expérience, au travers d'une colonne d'enzyme immobilisée.  1, record 13, French, - r%C3%A9cup%C3%A9ration%20de%20l%27enzyme

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For the synthesis of radioactive compounds enzymic syntheses are often faster and give higher yields of non-racemic products that most chemically catalysed reactions.... An important application is the use of co-immobilized glucose oxidase and lactoperoxidase to iodinate proteins with¹²⁵Iodine. In this method exposure of the protein to extreme oxidizing conditions is prevented by the addition of glucose such that the immobilized glucose oxidase generates H₂0₂, which is then used by the lactoperoxidase in the labelling reaction. This method is much more gentle than chemical iodination, so that denaturation of the protein and oxidation of amino acids is prevented. Also the reaction can be easily controlled since the immobilized enzymes can be rapidly removed and the reaction terminated by centrifugation or application to a gel filtration column.  1, record 14, English, - co%2Dimmobilized

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'équipe de W. Hartmeier a proposé un astucieux système d'oxygénation basé sur la co-immobilisation de cellules de Gluconobacter oxydans et de catalase à l'intérieur de billes d'alginate entourées d'une membrane de copolymères acrylate-méthacrylate. L'addition d'une solution à 3% d'H₂0₂, transformée par la catalase, permet l'oxygénation du milieu. Ce système prolonge la viabilité des cellules et permettrait de solutionner le problème de l'oxygénation dans les lits fixes (temps de demi-vie des microorganismes immobilisés sans catalase, 4 heures, contre 40 heures en présence de catalase co-immobilisée).  1, record 14, French, - co%2Dimmobilis%C3%A9

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A series of gel filtration media termed "Sepharoses" is prepared from agarose-a linear polysaccharide consisting of alternating residues of D-galactose and 3, 6-anhydro-L-galactose units. Sepharoses are supplied as a dense suspension of swollen beads in distilled water containing 0. 02% sodium azide added as a bacteriostatic agent.  2, record 15, English, - gelatine%20sepharose

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) it is necessary to pass a sample of the products of the initial extension over a gel filtration column and thus to separate the relatively large extension chains attached to their template from the small individual nucleoside triphosphate building blocks that were not incorporated into new DNA.  1, record 16, English, - gel%20filtration%20column

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) il est d'abord nécessaire de passer un échantillon des premiers produits d'élongation à travers une colonne de gel de filtration, de manière à séparer les chaînes relativement longues et attachées à leur modèle des éléments de base que sont les petits nucléosides triphosphates restant et qui n'ont pas été incorporés dans l'ADN nouvellement synthétisé.  1, record 16, French, - colonne%20de%20gel%20de%20filtration

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish