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GEL FORMATION [9 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2014-12-12
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- fibre entrapment
1, record 1, English, fibre%20entrapment
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
- fiber entrapment 2, record 1, English, fiber%20entrapment
correct
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Method of immobilization of enzymes by entrapment within the microcavities of synthetic fibres. 1, record 1, English, - fibre%20entrapment
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The term entrapment has been used to cover a range of immobilization techniques. O’Driscoll has chosen to distinguish between those methods, where a gel or membrane is formed around an enzyme by polymerization and those methods where the enzyme is retained in a preformed polymer by subsequent formation of a cross-linked network. Microencapsulation and fiber entrapment are clearly other examples of this immobilization technique. 3, record 1, English, - fibre%20entrapment
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- inclusion dans des fibres
1, record 1, French, inclusion%20dans%20des%20fibres
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
En dehors de l'équipe de DINELLI, en Italie, qui a préparé de nombreuses enzymes immobilisées par inclusion dans des fibres d'acétate de cellulose, les enzymes immobilisées à structure non membranaire se présentent sous forme de particules de taille, de porosité et de propriétés mécaniques très variables. Ce sont les caractéristiques de ces particules qui conditionnent la mise en œuvre. Le choix du support pourra être ainsi différent selon que l'on envisage l'emploi de ces systèmes à petite échelle ou dans un but industriel. 1, record 1, French, - inclusion%20dans%20des%20fibres
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2011-08-09
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- lattice
1, record 2, English, lattice
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A network or framework, as of fibers, filaments or macromolecular chains. 2, record 2, English, - lattice
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In order to prepare efficient immobilized E. coli cells, the type and concentration of bifunctional reagent for cross-linking and the concentration of acrylamide monomer for lattice formation were investigated systematically. These studies showed that microbial cells, macromolecular enzymes and nucleic acids are not lost from the gel lattice during the enzyme reaction, but the low molecular substrate and product can pass freely through the gel lattice. 2, record 2, English, - lattice
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- réseau
1, record 2, French, r%C3%A9seau
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Structure macromoléculaire tridimensionnelle dans laquelle les chaînes sont reliées entre elles par des liaisons le plus souvent covalentes. 1, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9seau
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les enzymes sont immobilisées par diverses méthodes afin de prolonger le plus longtemps possible leur action dans le réacteur de production. Les molécules enzymatiques peuvent être retenues par adsorption ou par liaison chimique sur un support solide comme la cellulose. Elles peuvent aussi être emprisonnées dans un réseau formé par un polymère perméable, tel qu'un gel de silice. Elles peuvent enfin être enfermées dans des capsules sphériques faites de membranes de polymères semi-perméables. 2, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9seau
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2011-08-09
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- lattice entrapment
1, record 3, English, lattice%20entrapment
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Enzyme immobilization method which involves the formation of a highly crosslinked network of a polymer in the presence of an enzyme. Enzyme molecules are physically entrapped within the polymer lattice and cannot permeate out of the gel matrix, but appropriately sized substrate and product molecules can transfer across and within this network to insure a continuous transformation. 2, record 3, English, - lattice%20entrapment
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Advantages of the lattice entrapment method for immobilizing an enzyme include its overall experimental simplicity, the need for only small amounts of an enzyme in order to produce a water-insoluble enzyme conjugate and the fact that it is a physical method.... Disadvantages of the method also exist.... The exact physical nature of the crosslinked polymers is often quite important for obtaining high activity.... A considerable disadvantage of this method is leakage of an enzyme from within the crosslinked polymeric network. 1, record 3, English, - lattice%20entrapment
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- inclusion dans une matrice
1, record 3, French, inclusion%20dans%20une%20matrice
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- inclusion dans les mailles d'un gel 2, record 3, French, inclusion%20dans%20les%20mailles%20d%27un%20gel
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Une des techniques d'immobilisation par inclusion dans laquelle l'enzyme est solubilisée ou dispersée dans une solution d'un monomère qui est ensuite polymérisé en présence d'un agent de réticulation et d'un colloïde protecteur, albumine, agarose ou dextrane. 2, record 3, French, - inclusion%20dans%20une%20matrice
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Grâce à leur spécificité et leur rapidité d'action dans des conditions douces, les enzymes peuvent constituer des réactifs très précieux offrant d'énormes possibilités. Cependant, leur emploi en solution reste limité en raison de leur fragilité (dénaturation) et de la difficulté de récupération de l'enzyme pour une utilisation répétée. Ces inconvénients ont été considérablement réduits par l'immobilisation des enzymes, qui a pu être réalisée par des procédés très divers : réticulation de la protéine enzymatique, conduisant à des agrégats insolubles, inclusion dans les mailles d'un gel (entrappement) ou en microcapsules poreuses, ou fixation sur un support solide insoluble (matrice) par adsorption, ou mieux par liaison covalente. 3, record 3, French, - inclusion%20dans%20une%20matrice
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Le terme "entrappement" est quelquefois utilisé dans les ouvrages français. Emploi à déconseiller. 2, record 3, French, - inclusion%20dans%20une%20matrice
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2011-02-09
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- disc electrophoresis
1, record 4, English, disc%20electrophoresis
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
- disc gel electrophoresis 2, record 4, English, disc%20gel%20electrophoresis
correct
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Gel electrophoresis in which a discontinuity of pH or gel pore size is introduced near the point of origin producing a very thin starting zone and sharp separations. 1, record 4, English, - disc%20electrophoresis
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The cross-linked polymer most commonly employed for enzyme entrapment is polyacrylamide gel, and it has been used for the immobilization of many enzymes. The procedure for the formation of polyacrylamide gel is identical to that employed for the preparation of gel commonly used for disc electrophoresis. 3, record 4, English, - disc%20electrophoresis
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The term "disc" was originally proposed by the inventor primarily to express the idea of discontinuity, secondarily to reflect the discoid shape of the separate bands. 4, record 4, English, - disc%20electrophoresis
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- électrophorèse discontinue
1, record 4, French, %C3%A9lectrophor%C3%A8se%20discontinue
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Méthode dérivant de l'électrophorèse de zones où le mélange protéique qui doit être analysé est soumis à un champ électrique dans un gel retardateur qui est séparé en deux portions différant par leur porosité et tamponnées à pH différents. Le mélange de protéines migre du gel le plus poreux vers le gel le moins poreux, ce processus s'accompagnant d'une modification de pH. Chaque espèce de protéines se concentre ainsi dans une zone plutôt étroite, en bandes minces, ce qui permet d'obtenir une très grande résolution, plus élevée que celle obtenue avec un tampon continu. 2, record 4, French, - %C3%A9lectrophor%C3%A8se%20discontinue
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Disc electrophoresis et disc-electrophoreis sont des termes anglais souvent cités dans les ouvrages français. A déconseiller. 2, record 4, French, - %C3%A9lectrophor%C3%A8se%20discontinue
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2010-12-16
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Bioengineering
- Biochemistry
- Biotechnology
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- simulated body fluid
1, record 5, English, simulated%20body%20fluid
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
- SBF 2, record 5, English, SBF
correct
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The prerequisite for glasses and glass-ceramics to bond to living bone is the formation of biologically active bonelike apatite on their surfaces in the body. Our previous study showed that a silica gel prepared by a hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane in aqueous solution containing poly(ethylene glycol) induces apatite nucleation on its surface in a simulated body fluid. In the present study, the effects of heat treatment of silica gel on its catalytic effects in apatite nucleation was investigated in a simulated body fluid. It was found that apatite forms on the surfaces of silica gels heat-treated below 800 C, but not on those heat-treated above 900 C. The volume of nanometer-range pores in the gel remarkably decreased by heat treatment above 900 C. The concentration of silanol groups in the silica gels gradually decreased with increasing heat treatment temperature. The rate of silica dissolution from the gel into the simulated body fluid decreased remarkably by heat treatment above 900 C. This suggested that a special type of silanol group which is formed by soaking the gel treated below 800 C into the simulated body fluid is responsible for apatite nucleation. 3, record 5, English, - simulated%20body%20fluid
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
body fluid: Any liquid component of the body. 4, record 5, English, - simulated%20body%20fluid
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Technique biologique
- Biochimie
- Biotechnologie
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- liquide organique simulé
1, record 5, French, liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9
correct, masculine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les recherches sur les aspects santé et sécurité de la fibre de verre font partie de trois catégories de base : a) les études épidémiologiques humaines évaluent la santé des travailleurs de la fibre de verre; b) les études en laboratoire examinent les effets biologiques de la fibre de verre sur les animaux de laboratoire, les cultures cellulaires et les liquides organiques simulés; c) les études sur l'hygiène industrielle mesurent les expositions à la poussière de fibre de verre en suspension dans l'air pendant la fabrication, l'installation, l'utilisation et l'enlèvement. 1, record 5, French, - liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Contrairement aux allergènes protéiques connus, [les protéines CryIA(b) et PAT] sont dégradées rapidement par l'acide ou l'hydrolyse enzymatique lorsqu'elles sont exposées à des liquides gastriques simulés. 2, record 5, French, - liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS
le test du liquide gastrique simulé (LGS), un système artificiel pour tester la digestibilité des protéines, n'est pas identique aux conditions physiologiques du tube digestif. 3, record 5, French, - liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS
liquide organique : Liquide qui circule dans l'organisme ou est secrété par lui (sang, plasma, lymphe, liquide céphalo-rachidien, urines, sueur, etc.). 4, record 5, French, - liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2002-01-04
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
- Biological Sciences
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- entrapment
1, record 6, English, entrapment
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Immobilization technique where a gel or membrane is formed around an enzyme by polymerization or where the enzyme is retained in a preformed polymer by subsequent formation of cross-linked network. 2, record 6, English, - entrapment
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
- Sciences biologiques
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- piégeage
1, record 6, French, pi%C3%A9geage
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Procédé d'immobilisation dans le cas où l'enzyme est retenue dans un espace délimité par une membrane ou par un champ électromagnétique. 2, record 6, French, - pi%C3%A9geage
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2001-02-01
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Chemical Elements and Compounds
- Food Additives
- Cosmetology
Universal entry(ies) Record 7
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- xanthan gum
1, record 7, English, xanthan%20gum
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
- polysaccharide B-1459 2, record 7, English, polysaccharide%20B%2D1459
correct, trademark
- Keltrol F 4, record 7, English, Keltrol%20F
correct, trademark
- Kelzan 4, record 7, English, Kelzan
correct, trademark
- Xanthan 5, record 7, English, Xanthan
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A gum obtained by microbial fermentation from the Xanthomonas campestris organism [that] is very stable to viscosity change over varying temperatures, pH, and salt concentrations, [that] is also very pseudoplastic which results in a decrease in viscosity with increasing shear, [that] reacts synergistically with guar gum to provide an increase in viscosity and with carob gum to provide an increase in viscosity or gel formation [and that] is used in salad dressings, sauces, desserts, baked goods, and beverages at 0. 05 to 0. 50%. 6, record 7, English, - xanthan%20gum
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The polysaccharide or "biopolymer" is typically used in enhanced oil recovery processes ... 7, record 7, English, - xanthan%20gum
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Use: In foods, non-foods, and cosmetics as stabilizer and emulsifying agent. Potential use in chemically enhanced oil recovery. 4, record 7, English, - xanthan%20gum
Record 7, Key term(s)
- Xanthomonas gum
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Éléments et composés chimiques
- Additifs alimentaires
- Cosmétologie
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 7
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- polysaccharide de type Xanthane
1, record 7, French, polysaccharide%20de%20type%20Xanthane
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
- XCPS 1, record 7, French, XCPS
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Synonyms, French
- gomme xanthane 2, record 7, French, gomme%20xanthane
correct, feminine noun
- gomme de xanthane 3, record 7, French, gomme%20de%20xanthane
correct, feminine noun
- xanthane 4, record 7, French, xanthane
correct, masculine noun
- gomme Xanthan 5, record 7, French, gomme%20Xanthan
feminine noun
- polysaccharide Xanthane 1, record 7, French, polysaccharide%20Xanthane
avoid, masculine noun
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Sécrétions mucilagineuses, produites par des souches de Xanthomonas, composées de polysaccharides à base de chaînes de glucose, à l'image de la cellulose, avec des molécules de mannose et d'acides uroniques en position latérale. 6, record 7, French, - polysaccharide%20de%20type%20Xanthane
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Leur poids moléculaire se situe vers un million. Utilisée comme agent de texture en technologie alimentaire pour ses propriétés hydrocolloïdales, en raison de sa stabilité chimique et de l'indépendance de son comportement physico-chimique vis-à-vis du pH. 6, record 7, French, - polysaccharide%20de%20type%20Xanthane
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[Parmi les] types de polymères [qui ont été] employés sur champ pour la récupération assistée du pétrole [se trouvent] deux échantillons de polysaccharides de type Xanthane (XCPS), présentés sous forme de moût de fermentation [...] 7, record 7, French, - polysaccharide%20de%20type%20Xanthane
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 1991-01-31
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Bioengineering
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- fast protein liquid chromatography
1, record 8, English, fast%20protein%20liquid%20chromatography
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
- FPLC 1, record 8, English, FPLC
correct
Record 8, Synonyms, English
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Implantation of porcine bone morphogenetic protein(pBMP) in the muscle induces differentiation of mesenchymal-type cells and results in endochondral bone formation, pBMP was isolated from porcine demineralized bone matrix and purified by hydroxyapatite chromatography, Sephadex G75 gel filtration, preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE), preparative isoelectric focusing(IEF), and chromatofocusing fast protein liquid chromatography(FPLC). 1, record 8, English, - fast%20protein%20liquid%20chromatography
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Term and context extracted from the PASCAL data base. 1, record 8, English, - fast%20protein%20liquid%20chromatography
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Technique biologique
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- chromatographie FPLC
1, record 8, French, chromatographie%20FPLC
feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Terme tiré de la liste française des descripteurs de l'article (base de données PASCAL). 1, record 8, French, - chromatographie%20FPLC
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record 9 - internal organization data 1989-12-18
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- gel entrapment
1, record 9, English, gel%20entrapment
correct
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The gel entrapment method involves entrapping of the enzymes within the interstitial spaces of crosslinked water insoluble polymer gels.... The usual method of gel formation is to polymerize acrylamide in an aqueous solution of the soluble enzyme and a crosslinking agent such as N, N-methylenebis(acrylamide). The resulting gel block can be mechanically dispersed into particles of desired size. The broad distribution of pore size of the gel inevitably results in leakage of the entrapped enzyme even after prolonged washing whilst the generation of free radicals in the course of the reaction may affect the activity of the entrapped enzymes. 1, record 9, English, - gel%20entrapment
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
See record "entrapment". 2, record 9, English, - gel%20entrapment
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- inclusion dans un gel
1, record 9, French, inclusion%20dans%20un%20gel
correct, feminine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les enzymes sont en général immobilisées soit par fixation covalente sur un support membranaire, soit par utilisation d'un agent de pontage qui provoque la réticulation des molécules de protéine active ou la coréticulation de l'enzyme avec une protéine inerte. Les techniques d'inclusion dans un gel ou de confinement d'enzymes en solution sont progressivement remplacées pas les méthodes chimiques d'immobilisation. Les capteurs sont le plus souvent de type électrochimique. 1, record 9, French, - inclusion%20dans%20un%20gel
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
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