TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Since the early 20th century, scientists have discovered several types of "selfish genetic elements" that are present naturally in the genomes of many species. These naturally occurring genetic elements are able to enhance their own transmission relative to the rest of the genes in the genome regardless of whether their presence is neutral or even harmful to the individual organism as a whole, and thus they exhibit drive and are called "natural gene drives. "Examples of natural gene drives include homing endonuclease genes found in all forms of microbial life, transposable elements found in many plants and animals, and meiotic drive also found in various plants and animals.  4, record 1, English, - natural%20gene%20drive

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gene drive : In English, a differentiation is sometimes made between a natural gene drive, a natural process of inheritance, and a synthetic gene drive, a bioengineered process. Consequently, it may be preferable to use the designation "natural gene drive" when referring to a natural process of inheritance.  5, record 1, English, - natural%20gene%20drive

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

natural gene drive; NGD; gene drive : Aucun équivalent français ne semble exister pour ce concept. En anglais, la désignation «natural gene drive» fait référence à un processus de transmission héréditaire naturel qui résulte dans une transmission asymétrique d'un élément génétique à la descendance d'un organisme.  4, record 1, French, - natural%20gene%20drive

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Synthetic gene drives are a new form of genetic engineering that overcomes the normal rules of inheritance, and which may allow the deliberate eradication or modification of species and populations in the wild. Gene drives distort the process of inheritance so that the probability of particular genes—and thus specific traits—being passed on is increased substantially above the usual 50%(known as the Mendelian rule of inheritance). Over the course of several generations, genes with higher inheritance rates will rapidly spread through a breeding population... Thus, in theory at least, a gene drive can be employed to force genetic changes into an entire population.  4, record 2, English, - synthetic%20gene%20drive

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gene drive : In English, a differentiation is sometimes made between a synthetic gene drive, a bioengineered process, and a natural gene drive, a natural process of inheritance. Consequently, it may be preferable to use the designations "synthetic gene drive" and "engineered gene drive" when referring to the bioengineered process.  5, record 2, English, - synthetic%20gene%20drive

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé qui consiste à modifier la transmission héréditaire de certains gènes par génie génétique afin d'agir, au cours des générations, sur la composition de populations.  3, record 2, French, - for%C3%A7age%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il s'agit en effet de violer les fameuses lois de Mendel pour répandre un caractère donné dans l'ensemble d'une population. Lors de la reproduction sexuée, un caractère porté sur un chromosome d'un des deux parents n'a qu'une chance sur deux d'être transmis à la génération suivante. Le forçage génétique ­consiste à dépasser ce seuil et transmettre ce caractère à 100 % de la descendance.  4, record 2, French, - for%C3%A7age%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

guidage génétique : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 28 mars 2018.  5, record 2, French, - for%C3%A7age%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Somatic cell nuclear transfer-mediated cloning requires reprogramming of the genome from a differentiated cell to allow it to drive embryogenesis. This results in some degree of altered gene expression, especially early in the life of the cloned individual.  2, record 3, English, - somatic%20cell%20nuclear%20transfer%2Dmediated%20cloning

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish