TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Under the Vienna Convention, a] norm accepted and recognized by the international community as a whole as a norm from which no derogation is permitted, and which can be modified only by a subsequent norm of general international law having the same character.  1, record 1, English, - peremptory%20norm%20of%20general%20international%20law

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For example, the prohibition of torture is considered a peremptory norm of [general] international law.  1, record 1, English, - peremptory%20norm%20of%20general%20international%20law

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Au sens de la Convention de Vienne, norme] acceptée et reconnue par la communauté internationale des États dans son ensemble en tant que norme à laquelle aucune dérogation n'est permise et qui ne peut être modifiée que par une nouvelle norme du droit international général ayant le même caractère.  3, record 1, French, - norme%20imp%C3%A9rative%20du%20droit%20international%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La prohibition du génocide est une norme impérative du droit international général.  4, record 1, French, - norme%20imp%C3%A9rative%20du%20droit%20international%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Normas que] se imponen de modo absoluto a la voluntad de los particulares, en el sentido de que éstos no pueden sustituirlas ni alterarlas.  1, record 1, Spanish, - norma%20imperativa

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

norma imperativa: Expresión reproducida del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  2, record 1, Spanish, - norma%20imperativa

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A kisbie ring in general is a piece of life saving equipment that almost all ships carry. We have 4 stations onboard fitted with smoke markers, kisbie rings and other equipment which lookouts throw overboard in the event of a man overboard. As a piece of rescue equipment, these are painted orange and have the ships name on them in black in accordance with Canadian and international law. When alongside in home or foreign port, we use our ceremonial kisbie rings... in the 4 stations for decoration. We also have the stand and kisbie ring at the brow where you come aboard our ship as a welcome aboard sign and identifier.  2, record 2, English, - Kisbie%20ring

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A piece of lifesaving equipment used by the Canadian Navy.  2, record 2, English, - Kisbie%20ring

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[First published in 1994, the] UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts(UPICC) constitute a non-binding codification... of the general part of international contract law.  2, record 3, English, - UNIDROIT%20Principles%20of%20International%20Commercial%20Contracts

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Publiés pour la première fois en 1994, les Principes d'UNIDROIT relatifs aux contrats du commerce international constituent une codification non contraignante de la partie générale du droit des contrats internationaux.  2, record 3, French, - Principes%20d%27UNIDROIT%20relatifs%20aux%20contrats%20du%20commerce%20international

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

… in the course of dispute settlement by means of international arbitration, arbitral tribunals are in general more readily disposed and able to apply non-State rules of law. This is due in part to the peculiarity of arbitration as a private dispute settlement process ordinarily outside the regular domestic judicial system.  2, record 4, English, - private%20dispute%20settlement%20process

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A crime or series of crimes, such as genocide, directed against a large group because of race, religion, country of origin, or other reason unconnected with any individual’s responsibility for having committed a criminal act.  2, record 5, English, - crime%20against%20humanity

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Crime against humanity means murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation, imprisonment, torture, sexual violence, persecution or any other inhumane act or omission that is committed against any civilian population or any identifiable group and that, at the time and in the place of its commission, constitutes a crime against humanity according to customary international law or conventional international law or by virtue of its being criminal according to the general principles of law recognized by the community of nations, whether or not it constitutes a contravention of the law in force at the time and in the place of its commission.  3, record 5, English, - crime%20against%20humanity

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Meurtre, extermination, réduction en esclavage, déportation, emprisonnement, torture, violence sexuelle, persécution ou autre fait — acte ou omission — inhumain, d'une part, commis contre une population civile ou un groupe identifiable de personnes et, d'autre part, qui constitue, au moment et au lieu de la perpétration, un crime contre l'humanité selon le droit international coutumier ou le droit international conventionnel, ou en raison de son caractère criminel d'après les principes généraux de droit reconnus par l'ensemble des nations, qu'il constitue ou non une transgression du droit en vigueur à ce moment et dans ce lieu.  2, record 5, French, - crime%20contre%20l%27humanit%C3%A9

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Crimen de especial gravedad, como el asesinato, el exterminio, la esclavitud, la deportación o el traslado forzoso de población, la privación grave de la libertad o la tortura, que se comete como parte de un ataque generalizado o sistemático contra una población civil y con conocimiento de dicho ataque.  3, record 5, Spanish, - crimen%20de%20lesa%20humanidad

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

crimen de lesa humanidad; delito de lesa humanidad: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, recomienda utilizar la expresión "crimen de lesa humanidad" y no "delito de lesa humanidad".  2, record 5, Spanish, - crimen%20de%20lesa%20humanidad

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In International Law, equity may be considered a secondary source, and by Article 38(2) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, referring to Article 38(1), «This provision shall not prejudice the power of the court to decide a case ex aequo et bono, if the parties agree thereto». Though the Court has thus not been expressly authorized to apply equity as distinguished from law, Article 38(1) c) expressly directs the application of «general principles of law recognized by civilized nations»... and in several States, as noted above, principles of equity have an established place in their municipal legal systems. No doubt the international judge can decide according to principles of equity in absence of rules of positive law, but it is doubtful whether he can decide «contra legem», i. e. contrary to such rules when they exist.  1, record 6, English, - equity

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En Droit International, l'équité peut être considérée comme une source secondaire et, selon l'Article 38(2) du Statut de la Cour Internationale de Justice qui renvoie à l'Article 38(1), «la présente disposition ne porte pas atteinte à la faculté pour la Cour, si les parties sont d'accord, de statuer ex æquo et bono». Bien que la cour ne soit pas ainsi expressément autorisée à appliquer le principe d'équité, tel qu'il est conçu distinct du droit, l'Article 38(1) c) met la Cour dans l'obligation d'appliquer «les principes généraux de droit reconnus par les nations civilisées» [...] et dans plusieurs États, comme mentionné plus haut, les principes d'équité ont une place bien établie dans les systèmes de droit national. Il ne fait aucun doute que le juge international peut trancher suivant le principe de l'équité en l'absence de règles de droit positif, mais il est moins sûr qu'il puisse décider «contra legem», i.e. contrairement aux règles de droit quand elles existent.  1, record 6, French, - %C3%A9quit%C3%A9

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The International Association of Refugee Law Judges seeks to foster recognition that protection from persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion is an individual right established under international law, and that the determination of refugee status and its cessation should be subject to the rule of law. The Association's membership consists of specialists in refugee law issues, members of specialized tribunals such as Canada's Immigration and Refugee Board(IRB) ;members of courts of first instance having general jurisdiction, similar to Canada's Federal Court; and members of appellate courts having powers of review over administrative determinations.  2, record 7, English, - International%20Association%20of%20Refugee%20Law%20Judges

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'Association internationale des juges aux affaires des réfugiés veut faire davantage reconnaître que la protection contre la persécution en raison de la race, de la religion, de la nationalité, de l'appartenance à un groupe social ou des opinions politiques est un droit individuel reconnu par le droit international et que l'attribution, ou la perte, du statut de réfugié doivent être décidées en conformité avec le principe de la légalité. L'Association regroupe des spécialistes des questions touchant le droit des réfugiés, des membres de tribunaux spécialisés (du genre de la Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié au Canada (CISR)), des membres de tribunaux de première instance ayant une compétence générale (comme la Cour fédérale du Canada) et des membres de cours d'appel habilitées à réexaminer des décisions administratives.  3, record 7, French, - Association%20internationale%20des%20juges%20aux%20affaires%20des%20r%C3%A9fugi%C3%A9s

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Other titles for treaty instruments, sometimes used, are : accord... ;act(French equivalent : acte) for a treaty laying down general rules of international law...  1, record 8, English, - act

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Titre donné, souvent avec un complément qui le précise, soit officiellement, soit par la doctrine, à certains accords internationaux [...]  1, record 8, French, - acte

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

acta: sustantivo femenino que comienza por /a/ tónica. Obligatoriamente el artículo femenino "la" toma la forma "el" cuando se antepone inmediatamente a "acta". Si entre ambos se interpone otro elemento, se conserva el artículo "la": "la última acta". Los adjetivos referidos a este sustantivo exigen la concordancia en femenino: "el acta constitutiva".  2, record 8, Spanish, - acta

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The general economic and social facts that the judge uses in determining the law have been referred to as legislative facts. In the past judges have most frequently taken judicial notice of them expressly in determining the constitutional validity of statutes. For instance in determining the constitutional validity of a provincial statute imposing a tax on banks, the courts have taken judicial notice of economic facts in assessing the impact of the tax on banks. Also in determining customary international law, courts have taken judicial notice of general and particular acts of state practice.  2, record 9, English, - legislative%20fact

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

... adjudicative facts are so named because they pertain to factual basis of the case ... legislative facts concern matters of law and policy ...  3, record 9, English, - legislative%20fact

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Élément d'information d'ordre économique ou social dont le juge se sert dans la détermination de la loi. Il se distingue notamment du fait d'intérêt privé.  1, record 9, French, - fait%20d%27int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20public

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On parle de faits législatifs pour désigner les éléments généraux d'ordre économique et social dont le juge se sert dans la détermination de la loi. Dans le passé, il est arrivé très souvent à des juges de les prendre expressément sous connaissance d'office en déterminant la validité constitutionnelle d'une loi. C'est ainsi qu'en scrutant la constitutionnalité d'une loi provinciale frappant les banques d'une taxe, les tribunaux ont pris connaissance d'office de certains faits d'ordre économique en évaluant les effets de la taxe sur les activités bancaires. De même, les tribunaux appelés à déterminer le droit international coutumier ont pris sous connaissance d'office des pratiques générales et particulières propres aux États.  2, record 9, French, - fait%20d%27int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20public

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Customary international law are those aspects of international law that derive from custom. Along with general principles of law and treaties, custom is considered by the International Court of Justice, jurists, the United Nations, and its member states to be among the primary sources of international law.  3, record 10, English, - customary%20international%20law

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Reproduced from the Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.  4, record 10, English, - customary%20international%20law

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

UNITAR's Environmental Law Programme was established with the main objective of strengthening national legal and institutional capabilities to implement environmental law obligations. Through its score training activities the Environmental Law Programme contributes to making the complex range of international environmental agreements comprehensible to the stakeholders involved with their implementation at the national level. The overall goal of the Environmental Law Programme is to raise awareness and to improve general knowledge in international environmental law, strengthening the capacities for the adequate implementation of multilateral environmental agreements.  1, record 11, English, - Environmental%20Law%20Programme

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Programme en droit de l'environnement de l'UNITAR a été lancé en 1997 afin de promouvoir le renforcement des composantes juridiques et institutionnelles et d'assurer une meilleure gestion de l'environnement pour le développement durable. Bien que le programme concerne tous les États Membres des Nations Unies, il a été spécialement conçu pour répondre aux besoins des pays en développement et des pays aux économies en transition.  1, record 11, French, - Programme%20en%20droit%20de%20l%27environnement

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Source of international law [which consists] in two principal elements: a concordant practice of a number of States acquiesced in by others; and a conception that the practice is required by or consistent with the prevailing law (the opinion juris).  2, record 12, English, - international%20custom

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply :... international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as a law.  3, record 12, English, - international%20custom

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les sources formelles de droit international sont identifiées à l'article 38 du Statut de la Cour internationale de Justice. Cet article lie tous les États membres des Nations Unies qui peuvent l'invoquer à leur tour. L'article 38 constitue le point de départ obligé de toute analyse de l'état du droit international. Il porte que la Cour applique les conventions internationales, la coutume internationale comme preuve d'une pratique générale acceptée comme étant le droit, les principes généraux de droit reconnus par les nations civilisées ainsi que les décisions judiciaires et la doctrine comme moyens auxiliaires.  2, record 12, French, - coutume%20internationale

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

costumbre internacional: Expresión reproducida del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  2, record 12, Spanish, - costumbre%20internacional

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

International military tribunals. Military tribunals such as those established for the trial of the major German and Japanese war criminals have made a significant contribution to the development of the law on the duties of the individual in international law, as on aspects of the laws of war. The present-day authority of these judgments, however, rests less on their formulation by a tribunal than on the acceptance of the legal principles underlying the judgments by the General Assembly of the United Nations.  2, record 13, English, - International%20Military%20Tribunal

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Information found in DOBIS.  3, record 13, English, - International%20Military%20Tribunal

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renseignement retrouvé dans DOBIS.  1, record 13, French, - Tribunal%20militaire%20international

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The rules underlying the principle of international responsibility are the complement of all other rules of international law. They transform otherwise admonitory precepts into legal norms and, in this sense, may also be described... as sanctions of international law. It is the function of these rules to determine the legal consequences of the breach of any of the other rules of international law, be they those of treaties, international customary law or general principles of law recognised by civilised nations.  1, record 14, English, - international%20responsibility

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Obligation incombant, selon le droit international, à l'État auquel est imputable un acte ou une omission contraire à ses obligations internationales, d'en fournir réparation à l'État qui en a été victime en lui-même ou dans la personne ou les biens de ses ressortissants.  1, record 14, French, - responsabilit%C3%A9%20internationale

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] institución dirigida a la restauración del ordenamiento internacional [...] ante aquellas conductas lesivas [...] atribuibles a determinados sujetos internacionales - bien Estados u organizaciones internacionales -, que conllevan la obligación de reparación.  1, record 14, Spanish, - responsabilidad%20internacional

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The arbitration rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law, approved by the United Nations General Assembly on December 15, 1976.  2, record 15, English, - Conciliation%20Rules%20of%20the%20United%20Nations%20Commission%20on%20International%20Trade%20Law

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

United Nations.  1, record 15, English, - Conciliation%20Rules%20of%20the%20United%20Nations%20Commission%20on%20International%20Trade%20Law

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Short form: UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules.  1, record 15, English, - Conciliation%20Rules%20of%20the%20United%20Nations%20Commission%20on%20International%20Trade%20Law

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Nations Unies.  1, record 15, French, - R%C3%A8glement%20de%20conciliation%20de%20la%20Commission%20des%20Nations%20Unies%20pour%20le%20droit%20commercial%20international

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Forme abrégée : Règlement d'arbitrage de la CNUDCI.  1, record 15, French, - R%C3%A8glement%20de%20conciliation%20de%20la%20Commission%20des%20Nations%20Unies%20pour%20le%20droit%20commercial%20international

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Reglas de Arbitraje de la Comisión de Naciones Unidas sobre Derecho Mercantil Internacional (CNUDMI), aprobadas por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas el 15 de diciembre de 1976.  1, record 15, Spanish, - Reglas%20de%20Arbitraje%20de%20CNUDMI

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The International Ocean Institute has the honour to announce the "Arvid Pardo Award" for Research on the Concept of the Common Heritage". This Award was created by the Institute in 1992 and first awarded in 1997. Through this award the International Ocean Institute wishes to pay tribute to Arvid Pardo, the father of the contemporary Law of the Sea, the inspirer of the pacem in Maribus Conferences and the International Ocean Institute. It was the global vision, knowledge and intellectual integrity of Arvid Pardo, together with his lucid presentation of the proposals in 1967, that convinced the United Nations General Assembly to convene the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea. Special tribute must be paid to Arvid Pardo for his imagination and clear justification of the principle of the Common Heritage of Mankind in his presentations to the General Assembly and subsequently during the initial considerations thereof.  2, record 16, English, - %5C%22Arvid%20Pardo%20Award%5C%22%20for%20Research%20on%20the%20Concept%20of%20the%20Common%20Heritage

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation et abréviation confirmées par l'organisme.  2, record 16, French, - %5C%22Arvid%20Pardo%20Award%5C%22%20for%20Research%20on%20the%20Concept%20of%20the%20Common%20Heritage

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Creado por el Instituto Oceánico Internacional.  2, record 16, Spanish, - Premio%20Arvid%20Pardo%20%27el%20Patrimonio%20Com%C3%BAn%27

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The principle of Art. 2, par. 4 [of the United Nations Charter], obliges all Members of the United Nations to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations. Being part of general international law, this principle is also binding on non-member States with the qualification that third States are not bound without their consent to assist the United Nations in its actions.  2, record 17, English, - resort%20to%20force

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

recours à la force : Expression qui, prise dans un sens large, désigne l'action d'un État qui entre en guerre contre un autre État ou qui prend contre lui des mesures militaires (démonstration navale, blocus, bombardement, occupation de territoire, etc.) ne constituant pas des actes de guerre. À ce sens se rattachent certains actes internationaux où la renonciation au recours à la force est substituée à la renonciation au recours à la guerre énoncée par le Pacte de Paris du 27 août 1928.  1, record 17, French, - recours%20%C3%A0%20la%20force

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Les Membres de l'Organisation s'abstiennent, dans leurs relations internationales, de recourir à la menace ou à l'emploi de la force, soit contre l'intégrité territoriale ou l'indépendance politique de tout État, soit de toute autre manière incompatible avec les Buts des Nations-Unies. charte N.U., art. 2, [...]  1, record 17, French, - recours%20%C3%A0%20la%20force

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... there is an urgent need for a legally-constituted law-making body i.e. a World Parliament, for enacting enforceable International Laws that are applicable on all the countries and the peoples of the world.  2, record 18, English, - enforceable%20international%20law

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The broad, binding effect of customary international law, coupled with the reality that such law can be created by the simple repetition of language at various UN meetings, raises a vital question :"At what point does a ’nonbinding agreement’ turn into an international agreement, a promise into a unilateral act, fact into custom?"(12) While no precise answer is possible, a general rule can be stated : previously non-binding norms become enforceable international law when(in the capacious words of one scholar) they have been repeated "with sufficient frequency.  3, record 18, English, - enforceable%20international%20law

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

droit positif : ensemble des règles de droit en vigueur dans un pays à un moment donné (opposé à droit naturel).  2, record 18, French, - droit%20international%20positif

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] Déclaration sur les Règles de droit international humanitaire relatives à la conduite des hostilités dans les conflits armés non internationaux [...] présente les principes et règles que l'Institut international de droit humanitaire, réuni à Taormina le 7 avril 1990, a identifiés en tant que droit international positif ou droit international en formation.  3, record 18, French, - droit%20international%20positif

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

[L'expression anglaise «enforceable international law» peut aussi se traduire par l'expression explicative suivante :] règles de droit international assorties de moyens d'en assurer l'application.  4, record 18, French, - droit%20international%20positif

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Normas de derecho internacional con mecanismo de aplicación.  1, record 18, Spanish, - derecho%20internacional%20positivo

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The practice of a state is shown by its acts and attitudes in its international relations with other states. When it becomes clear that each state acts in the same way, or takes up the same attitude to the acts or omissions of other states, the practice is uniform. When there is a repetition of such uniform practice over a period of time, the practice is constant. State practice which is both uniform and constant creates a "usage". Custom requires a "general practice". No precise answer can be given to the question of how general the practice needs to be. So long as a group of states follow the practice, and accept it as law, there is a custom. All customs have begun in the same way, and become of increasingly universal application as more states align their practice to them.  2, record 19, English, - practice

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Terme qui, dans les expressions : pratique des États, des organisations internationales, d'un organe international, désigne une manière habituelle d'agir, de procéder, de décider qui ne constitue pas une règle coutumière mais peut contribuer à la création de celle-ci.  2, record 19, French, - pratique

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Art. 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice directs the Court to refer to "the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations. "Brierly says, "The phrase is a wide one; it includes, though it is not limited to, the principles of private law administered in national courts where these are applicable to international relations... "  1, record 20, English, - general%20principles%20of%20law%20recognized%20by%20civilized%20nations

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Article 38. Statut de la Cour internationale de Justice. La Cour, dont la mission est de régler conformément au droit international les différends qui lui sont soumis, applique : [...] les principes généraux de droit reconnus par les nations civilisées [...]  1, record 20, French, - principes%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux%20de%20droit%20reconnus%20par%20les%20nations%20civilis%C3%A9es

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

General International Law denotes rules of International Law which are binding for all States of the world, as distinguished from Particular International Law which consists of rules of International Law that are valid only for certain States relatively speaking.  3, record 21, English, - general%20international%20law

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Expression employée parfois pour désigner l'ensemble des règles de droit généralement reconnues comme applicables aux rapports internationaux.  3, record 21, French, - droit%20international%20commun

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The equality of states is a general principle of international law. It is a necessary corollary of the concepts of sovereignty and independence of states. However, it is only the legal equality, or equality before the law, which is in question. States are of course not equal in fact. The general consequence is that each state is entitled to equal treatment under the law.  1, record 22, English, - equality%20of%20states

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Expression employée pour énoncer l'idée qu'en vertu du droit des gens et sous réserve des obligations conventionnelles qu'ils auraient acceptées, les États ont tous la même aptitude, d'une part à acquérir et exercer des droits, d'autre part à assumer et exécuter des obligations.  1, record 22, French, - %C3%A9galit%C3%A9%20des%20%C3%89tats

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This response might cover the field from preventive action, including training in general governmental administration, running of elections, tax collection, and law enforcement, to international armed actions of the type foreseen in the UN Charter aimed at restoring a legitimate government subverted by criminal elements or a neighbour.  1, record 23, English, - preventive%20action

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La nécessité de forces traditionnelles de maintien de la collectives, comme celles que prévoit la Charte des Nations unies, pour tenter de restaurer des autorités légitimes renversées par des éléments criminels ou un État voisin .  1, record 23, French, - mesure%20pr%C3%A9ventive

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As further examples of servitudes one may take the rights of access actually enjoyed with respect to enclaves. Three instances are available, those along the Dutch-Belgian frontier, those of Portugal in India, and West Berlin. The importance of tacit arrangements as creating rights is illustrated by the Rights of Passage case decided by the International Court of Justice with respect to the enclaves of Portugal in India which are separated from Goa. These were acquired by treaty in 1779, from a local Indian prince, whose successor in title, Great Britain, permitted access. Portugal relied on a local custom of access and also on general customary law concerning access. The Court upheld Portugal' s limited right of access as the outcome of "a practice clearly established between two States which was accepted by the Parties as governing the relations between them. "The right of access to Berlin is not completely guaranteed in the documents relating to Allied occupation of the city, but is alleged to be incidental to the right to be in Berlin.  1, record 24, English, - right%20of%20access

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

General International Law denotes the rules of International Law which are binding for all States of the world, as distinguished from Particular International Law which consists of rules of International Law that are valid only for certain States relatively speaking.  1, record 25, English, - particular%20international%20law

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

C'est le droit applicable à ces sociétés particulières, pourvu qu'elles groupent au moins deux États, qui est qualifié de "droit international particulier". Dans son Manuel paru en 1943, reconnaissant la coexistence du droit international général et du droit international particulier, Georges Scelle définissait le droit international à la fois comme droit de la société internationale (droit général) et droit d'une société internationale (droit particulier).  1, record 25, French, - droit%20international%20particulier

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the Court observes that it is a principle of international law and even a general conception of law, that any breach of an engagement involves an obligation to make reparation.  1, record 26, English, - principle%20of%20international%20law

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Expression employée au singulier pour désigner ou qualifier une règle de droit international et faire apparaître ainsi son caractère général et son importance.  1, record 26, French, - principe%20du%20droit%20international

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"(...) La Cour constate que c'est un principe du droit international, voire une conception générale du droit, que toute violation d'un engagement comporte l'obligation de réparer". C.P.J.I., série A, no 17, p. 29.  1, record 26, French, - principe%20du%20droit%20international

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

But any grant of legislative powers generally implies the grant of a discretionary right to judge how far their exercise may be necessary or urgent.  2, record 27, English, - discretionary

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Many rules of general international law and treaty provisions are concerned to confer or describe spheres of state competence and employ concepts such as territorial sovereignty, sovereign rights, jurisdiction, contiguous zone..., and power of administration. In these instances activities by a state exercising such a competence which cause harm to other states may raise issues comparable to the control of discretionary powers of ministers and public bodies in municipal law. International tribunals may from time to time insist that a competence be exercised "reasonably" or "in good faith".  3, record 27, English, - discretionary

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Adjectif qui, employé pour qualifier une faculté d'agir (pouvoir discrétionnaire, compétence discrétionnaire) ou une action (acte discrétionnaire, décision discrétionnaire, mesure discrétionnaire), exprime l'idée que l'agent intéressé apprécie à sa guise l'opportunité et les modalités de l'exercice de cette faculté ou de cette action.  1, record 27, French, - discr%C3%A9tionnaire

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

«Mais toute attribution législative comporte généralement la faculté discrétionnaire d'apprécier la nécessité et l'urgence de son exercice [...]» [...] «Supposons qu'une matière rentre dans la compétence d'un État; en principe, celui-ci exerce cette compétence comme il l'entend. Mais le droit international peut intervenir pour fixer comment cet État devra exercer sa compétence, lui imposer certaines obligations à cet égard. Dès lors [...] cette compétence n'est plus discrétionnaire, c'est une compétence liée.»  1, record 27, French, - discr%C3%A9tionnaire

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... when war breaks out between certain powers, each nation wishing to remain impartial should normally issue either a special or general declaration of neutrality. Such a declaration, however, is by no means absolute. A neutral state may, during the course of the hostilities, repeal, change, or modify its position of neutrality, provided that such alterations are in accordance with international law and are applied without bias to all belligerents. The most important of the rights that result from a declaration of neutrality is the right of territorial integrity. Belligerents may not use a neutral' s territory as a base of operations or engage in hostilities therein. This right applies not only to neutral territory and water, but extends to air space above that territory as well.  1, record 28, English, - declaration%20of%20neutrality

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Acte par lequel un État notifie officiellement ou rend publique son intention de demeurer neutre en présence de l'état de guerre qui existe entre deux ou plusieurs autres États.  1, record 28, French, - d%C3%A9claration%20de%20neutralit%C3%A9

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish