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GENERAL PERSPECTIVE [12 records]

Record 1 2024-05-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
DEF

A production system is a human or computer system that has a data base of production rules and some control mechanism that selects applicable production rules in an effort to reach some goal state.

CONT

A key notion in the Newell-Simon scheme is the production system, in which an operation will be carried out if a certain specific condition is met. Programs consist of long sequences of such production systems operating on the data base. As described by the theorists, the production system is kind of a computational stimulus-response link; so long as the stimuli(or conditions) are appropriate, the response(or production) will be executed. In the course of developing the General Problem Solver, Simon and Newell have propounded a perspective on artificial intelligence, a theory of thinking, and an agenda for future research.

CONT

A set of production rules (which is called a production system) can be interpreted in two distinct ways. ... One way to interpret a production system is to work through the rules one by one until a rule is found for which the condition ... is true. ... Alternatively, the production system could be "run backwards", with the rules being run from "right to left".

OBS

A production system is a rule- based system. Computer scientists also call these systems general rewrite systems. Each rule is matched to the input, and the rules that apply rewrite the input according the action part of these rules.

OBS

production system: Term standardized by ISO/IEC.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
DEF

Système expert ayant adopté la représentation par règles de production [...] pour modéliser le comportement humain ou pour bâtir des bases de connaissances.

DEF

[système] constitué de trois parties : une base de faits, une base de règles de production et un moteur d'inférence.

OBS

système de production : Terme normalisé par ISO/CEI.

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2012-01-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Racquet Sports
DEF

In general, the result of winning a game against the server. More specifically, from the perspective of the server, a loss of a service game. If the server loses the game, he is broken, sometimes in spirit as well as fact.

CONT

... Sampras pulled off the first break of the match in the third game of the second set, broke again two games later, and slowly took control.

OBS

Sometimes colloquially called "breaker". Although "service" and "serve" are synonyms, one does not say "serve break". Compare with "break service", the verb.

PHR

An insurance break.

PHR

To be down, be up a service break. To throw a service break away.

Key term(s)
  • serve break
  • break of service
  • breaker

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sports de raquette
DEF

[Fait de] prendre le service de l'adversaire sans perdre le sien, d'où un avantage de 2 jeux. Se dit lorsque le serveur perd la partie servie.

OBS

Les expressions «faire la brèche» ou «créer la rupture» sont proposées en équivalent de «faire le break».

Key term(s)
  • bris

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Deportes de raqueta
Save record 2

Record 3 2008-05-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Economic and Industrial Sociology
  • Economic Doctrines, Systems and Policies
DEF

The application of the frames of reference, variables, and explanatory models of sociology to that complex of activities which is concerned with the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of scarce goods and services.

CONT

Topics such as technological change, division of labor, and even leisure can be considered as aspects of the sociology of economics. The study of economic development is an important sub-speciality in this area.

CONT

Economic sociology ... should have its own distinct profile as well as cooperate and coexist with economic theory, economic history, and economic anthropology.

OBS

The term "economic sociology" has also been used to denote a national choice perspective as applied to social behavior in general... This usage is... too broad since it encompasses practically all of sociology(minus the analysis of the economy proper).

OBS

economic sociology: A term for all social science analysis of the economy - economic theory plus economic history, ...

OBS

The terms "economic sociology" and "sociology of economics" are used by economic sociologists while social economics use instead the term "social economics."

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sociologie économique et industrielle
  • Doctrines, systèmes et politiques économiques
DEF

Étude des systèmes et des fluctuations économiques, de la production, du travail, de la consommation.

CONT

[...] la sociologie économique offre une approche alternative à l'économique, en prenant en compte quatre dimensions clés : les interactions sociales, les organisations, les institutions et les mouvements sociaux.

OBS

«Sociologie économique» est le terme utilisé par les sociologues économistes tandis que les économistes sociaux utilisent le terme «économie sociale».

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Sociología industrial y económica
  • Doctrinas, políticas y sistemas económicos
DEF

Aplicación de los marcos de referencia, variables y modelos explicativos de la sociología al conjunto de actividades relacionadas con la producción, distribución, intercambio y consumo de bienes y servicios escasos.

Save record 3

Record 4 2007-02-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Private-Sector Bodies and Committees
  • Semiconductors (Electronics)
OBS

The mission of the AIEQ is :-To be the voice of the Quebec Electrical Industry;-To facilitate the distribution of all information having an interest for members and the electrical industry in general;-To contribute to the development of the members and to the promotion of their interests through discussions and representation initiatives; To promote rational use of resources in a perspective of sustainable development.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Organismes et comités du secteur privé
  • Semi-conducteurs (Électronique)
OBS

L'AIEQ a pour mission : a. d'être le porte-parole de l'industrie électrique au Québec; b. de favoriser la circulation de toute information d'intérêt pour les membres et l'industrie électrique en général; c. de contribuer au développement de ses membres et à la promotion de leurs intérêts par des initiatives de concertation et de représentation; d. d'encourager l'utilisation rationnelle des ressources dans une perspective de développement durable.

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 2006-10-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • National Bodies and Committees (Canadian)
  • Sociology (General)
OBS

The committee is committed to pursuing social justice issues from a union perspective in this community. To this end, it recognizes that affirmative action to correct historical injustices is not only heartily endorsed and embraced but must be understood by all. Further, sexism in any form will not be tolerated. While the primary focus of the committee's activities may be on men and issues particular to men, meetings are open to all. The committee will assist men to understand their issues and to find the support they need in times of crisis and distress and provide education to Alliance members and the general public on issues facing men in a changing society.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Organismes et comités nationaux canadiens
  • Sociologie (Généralités)
OBS

Le comité entend approfondir, d'un point de vue syndical, des questions de justice sociale dans la collectivité. À cette fin, il reconnaît que l'action positive visant à réparer des injustices historiques est un principe qu'il ne suffit pas de défendre sans réserve, mais qu'il faut aussi amener tout le monde à comprendre. Par ailleurs, quelle que soit la forme sous laquelle il se présente, le sexisme ne sera pas toléré. Même si les travaux du comité porteront principalement sur les hommes et les problèmes qui leur sont propres, les réunions sont ouvertes aux hommes et aux femmes. Le comité aidera les hommes à comprendre la source de leurs difficultés et à trouver le soutien dont ils ont besoin en période de crise et de détresse et offrira en outre de la formation aux membres de l'Alliance et à la population en général sur les problèmes auxquels sont confrontés les hommes dans une société en évolution.

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2006-04-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Social Problems
  • Drugs and Drug Addiction
  • Tobacco Industry
  • Health Law
CONT

From the perspective of public health, minimal intervention strategies are quite important because, in general, limited public resources are available for more individualized smoking cessation programs in Canada.

Key term(s)
  • smoking cessation programme
  • cessation programme
  • stop smoking program
  • stop smoking programme
  • stop-smoking programme
  • anti-smoking programme

French

Domaine(s)
  • Problèmes sociaux
  • Drogues et toxicomanie
  • Industrie du tabac
  • Droit de la santé
CONT

En plus d'intégrer les objectifs de longue date de prévention, d'abandon du tabac et de protection [la nouvelle stratégie nationale pour la réduction du tabagisme] ajoute la dénormalisation comme nouveau thème de programme de lutte contre le tabagisme.

OBS

Ligne directrice du Secrétariat d'État manuel du Personnel 5A-070-12.

OBS

Les mots composés avec le préfixe «anti» s'écrivent généralement en un seul mot, cependant, ils s'écrivent avec le trait d'union lorsque le deuxième mot commence par un «i» (anti-inflammatoire), lorsqu'ils comportent trois éléments (anti-sous-marin) et lorsqu'ils sont constitués d'un nom propre (mouvement anti-Québec).

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 2000-11-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Ecology (General)
  • Effects of Pollution
CONT

Proposed definitions [for significant environmental impact from a purely ecological perspective] have ranged form specific concerns such as loss of critical breeding habitat, local extinction of species and reduction in primary productivity, to more general but less definitive concerns including loss of ecosystem stability...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Écologie (Généralités)
  • Effets de la pollution

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 1999-08-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Committees and Boards (Admin.)
  • Management Theory
CONT

When used as a training technique, the committee and the "junior board" have come to be known as multiple management. These committees are composed of a group of middle-level managers(...) who meet regularly to consider any proposal affecting the firm's welfare. Decisions reached by these "idea men" are forwarded to the responsible general officer of the firm, who may adopt, reject, or table them, refer them back for further consideration, or send them to the board of directors. The advantages claimed for this type of training are that the perspective of the committee members is broadened and a sense of responsibility for the welfare of the firm is developed.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Comités et commissions (Admin.)
  • Théories de la gestion
DEF

Mode de direction des organisations selon laquelle la direction hiérarchique classique est complétée par un groupe de cadres consultatifs pour les aider à prendre leurs décisions.

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 1989-09-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Continuing Education
DEF

A knowledge representation framework that places the emphasis on the crucial rides of the domain, adapting instruction to different viewpoint.

CONT

VanLehn and Brown(1980) propose the mechanism of planning nets for representing the meaning of procedures from a teleological perspective. A planning net is a directed graph. Nodes contain increasingly expanded flow charts that represent the partial design stages of a procedure being synthesized from first principles. Links stand both for domain-dependent constraints the procedure must comply with regarding the operation, the representation, or the physical substrate, and for general planning and derivational heuristics used to resolve violations of constraints. Two nodes are linked if applying a constraint or a heuristic to the procedure of the first one leads to the new version of the second one. The last node of the graph is the complete procedure.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Éducation permanente
OBS

planificateur: programme générateur d'énoncés d'action à partir d'une base de tels énoncés et d'un but déterminé.

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 1988-01-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Ecology (General)
  • Effects of Pollution
CONT

Proposed definitions [for significant environmental impact from a purely ecological perspective] have ranged from specific concerns such as loss of critical breeding habitat, local extinction of species and reduction in primary productivity, to more general but less definitive concerns including loss of ecosystem stability....

French

Domaine(s)
  • Écologie (Généralités)
  • Effets de la pollution

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 1988-01-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Ecology (General)
  • Effects of Pollution
CONT

Proposed definitions [for significant environmental impact from a purely ecological perspective] have ranged from specific concerns such as loss of critical breeding habitat, local extinction of species and reduction in primary productivity, to more general but less definitive concerns including loss of ecosystem stability....

French

Domaine(s)
  • Écologie (Généralités)
  • Effets de la pollution

Spanish

Save record 11

Record 12 1988-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Ecology (General)
CONT

Proposed definitions [for significant environmental impact from a purely ecological perspective] have ranged from specific concerns such as loss of critical breeding habitat, local extinction of species and reduction in primary productivity, to more general but less definitive concerns including loss of ecosystem stability....

French

Domaine(s)
  • Écologie (Généralités)

Spanish

Save record 12

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