TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Reverse engineering is a technique [used for] understanding the structure of a semiconductor device and its functions. In case of an ASIC [application specific integrated circuit] or a custom IC [integrated circuit], that means extracting information about the location of all the transistors and interconnections. In order to succeed, a general knowledge of IC and VLSI [very large scale integration] design is required. All the layers formed during chip fabrication are removed one by one in reverse order and photographed to determine the internal structure of the chip.  2, record 1, English, - reverse%20engineering

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des opérations d'analyse d'un logiciel ou d'un matériel destinées à retrouver le processus de sa conception et de sa fabrication, ainsi que les modalités de son fonctionnement.  4, record 1, French, - r%C3%A9tro%2Ding%C3%A9nierie

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La rétro-ingénierie est utilisée depuis très longtemps dans tous les domaines des objets manufacturés. Ses objectifs sont de comprendre ce que le système fait, de comprendre comment le système fonctionne, de comprendre comment le système a été conçu, d'être capable de copier ou répliquer une partie ou l'ensemble du système, de modifier la fonctionnalité du système, d'avoir accès à une information secrète (typiquement des clés de chiffrements ou des identifiants), de valider ou vérifier un design [...]  5, record 1, French, - r%C3%A9tro%2Ding%C3%A9nierie

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rétro-ingénierie; ingénierie inverse : désignations et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 1er janvier 2013.  6, record 1, French, - r%C3%A9tro%2Ding%C3%A9nierie

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In general, spoken language understanding is the process of determining the intent of the user.  3, record 2, English, - spoken%20language%20understanding

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spoken language understanding; SLU: designations validated by Canadian subject-field experts from Concordia University, Dalhousie University, Laval University and Microsoft Canada.  4, record 2, English, - spoken%20language%20understanding

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un bon moyen d'améliorer l'utilisabilité et l'acceptabilité des systèmes de dialogue automatiques est d'augmenter le niveau d'intelligence des systèmes automatiques, notamment en améliorant la partie en charge de la compréhension du langage parlé.  1, record 2, French, - compr%C3%A9hension%20du%20langage%20parl%C3%A9

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

compréhension du langage parlé; compréhension du langage oral : désignations validées par des spécialistes canadiens de l'Université Concordia, de l'Université Dalhousie, de l'Université Laval et de Microsoft Canada.  3, record 2, French, - compr%C3%A9hension%20du%20langage%20parl%C3%A9

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] el módulo de comprensión o de interpretación semántica [recurre] a las técnicas propias del campo conocido como comprensión del lenguaje natural (NLU, natural language understanding), que forma parte del procesamiento del lenguaje, o de la comprensión del habla (SLU, spoken language understanding), uno de los ámbitos de las tecnologías del habla.  2, record 2, Spanish, - comprensi%C3%B3n%20del%20habla

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This paper describes dialogue phenomena taken into account in the speech understanding system issued from the DIAL project supported by the CRIN and the INRIA Lorraine. The goal of this project is the designing and the implementation of a vocal man-machine interface for the general public in the area of telephone applications.  4, record 3, English, - vocal%20interaction

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... the current state of the art limits the possibilities for verbal exchanges with computers.  5, record 3, English, - vocal%20interaction

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Communication homme-machine orale.  2, record 3, French, - interaction%20vocale

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Depuis quarante-cinq ans des chercheurs tentent de concevoir des dispositifs permettant l'interaction vocale entre l'homme et la machine. Ces efforts n'ont pas été vains : aujourd'hui certaines machines parlent (synthèse vocale) ... et d'autres entendent (reconnaissance vocale) ... L'interaction orale, par l'intermédiaire du réseau téléphonique, permet de simplifier l'accès à des systèmes automatiques de réservation, de prise de commande ou à des banques d'information.  2, record 3, French, - interaction%20vocale

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Communication établie entre l'homme qui parle à la machine et la machine qui parle à l'homme. Une autre possibilité se dessine déjà, l'interaction vocale machine-machine.  3, record 3, French, - interaction%20vocale

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

High aspect ratio, or fiber-shaped, nanoparticles(HARNs), represent a growth area in nanotechnology as their useful properties become more apparent. Carbon nanotubes, the best known and studied of the HARNs, are handled on an increasingly large scale, with subsequent potential for human inhalation exposure. Their resemblance to asbestos fibers precipitated fears that they might show the same type of pathology as that caused by asbestos and there is emerging evidence to support this possibility. The large number of other HARNs, including nanorods, nanowires and other nanofibers, require similar toxicological scrutiny. In this article, we describe the unusual hazard associated with fibers, with special reference to asbestos, and address the features of fibers that dictate their pathogenicity as developed in the fiber pathogenicity paradigm. This paradigm is a robust structure-toxicity model that identifies thin, long, biopersistent fibers as the effective dose for fiber-type pathogenic effects. It is likely that HARNs will in general conform to the paradigm and such an understanding of the features that make fibers pathogenic should enable us to design safer HARNs.  3, record 4, English, - high%20aspect%20ratio%20nanoparticle

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(Nanowerk News) A UK consortium of scientists, led by the Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, has published a key report examining whether high aspect ratio nanoparticles (HARN) should raise the same concerns as asbestos fibres. HARN includes materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) and metal nanowires. The review, which was published by DEFRA [Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs] this week, identified many similarities between HARN and asbestos with regard to their physico-chemical properties and toxicological effects, and it concluded that there is sufficient evidence to suggest that HARN, which have the same characteristics (diameter, length and biopersitance) as pathogenic fibres such as asbestos, are likely to have similar pathology.  4, record 4, English, - high%20aspect%20ratio%20nanoparticle

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

HARNs: plural.  2, record 4, English, - high%20aspect%20ratio%20nanoparticle

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les nano-objets sont des structures fabriquées volontairement dont une, deux ou trois dimensions extérieures sont de l’ordre nanométrique (entre 1 et 100 nm environ). Les nanoparticules et les nanofibres (respectivement trois et deux dimensions extérieures nanométriques) sont deux catégories importantes de nano-objets. Les nanoparticules sont obtenues par réduction de grosses particules ou par synthèse. Les nanofibres peuvent également avoir une forme tubulaire, tels les nanotubes de carbone; ces derniers peuvent être monoparoi (ou monofeuillet, SWCNT en anglais pour Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes) ou multiparois (ou multifeuillets, MWCNT en anglais pour Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes). Pour les nanofibres, lorsque le rapport entre la longueur et le diamètre est élevé, on parle de nanoparticules à fort aspect ratio (HARN en anglais pour High Aspect Ratio Nanoparticles).  2, record 4, French, - nanoparticule%20%C3%A0%20rapport%20d%27%C3%A9longation%20%C3%A9lev%C3%A9

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le diamètre des nanoparticules varie du nanomètre à quelques dizaines de nanomètres, et leur longueur, du micromètre à plusieurs millimètres. Ces dimensions leur confèrent un rapport d'élongation (longueur sur diamètre) élevé, ainsi que des propriétés toxicologiques similaires à celles de l'amiante.  1, record 4, French, - nanoparticule%20%C3%A0%20rapport%20d%27%C3%A9longation%20%C3%A9lev%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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Fisheries technicians are key to the scientific understanding and management of not only the nation's fisheries, but also its waterways in general. By monitoring the health and population of the fish and other residents of the oceans, rivers, and lakes, fisheries technicians get an excellent picture of the overall condition of those waters.  2, record 5, English, - fisheries%20technician

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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... the application of conventional mathematics and biology may be of limited utility in understanding the dynamics of... complex ecosystems. The typical reductionist approach to aquatic ecosystem analysis is the top-down approach. Equational models(top-down attemps at approximating nature) are subject to many limitations... In general, equational models are not good at dealing with highly nonlinear effects, such as thresholding or if-then-else conditionals, which occur in behavioral and ecological studies.  2, record 6, English, - top%2Ddown%20modelling%20approach

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The goal of the NBPPA is to promote the New Brunswick peat moss industry by providing support and advocacy for its members, and leadership in environmental practices. It also aims to enhance the image and understanding of the industry by informing government officials and the public in general of the benefits derived from using peat in our daily lives.  1, record 7, English, - New%20Brunswick%20Peat%20Producers%20Association

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La mission de l'APTNB est de promouvoir l'industrie de la tourbe horticole, de représenter et de défendre les intérêts de ses membres, de les sensibiliser à l'utilisation responsable des tourbières et d'informer le public au sujet de cette ressource indispensable.  1, record 7, French, - Association%20des%20producteurs%20de%20tourbe%20du%20Nouveau%2DBrunswick

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On April 23, 2020, the Government of Canada launched the COVID-19 Immunity Task Force(CITF). [The CITF is] charged with leading a Canada-wide effort to help determine the extent of SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] infection in Canada(in the general population as well as in specific communities and priority populations), [understanding] the nature of immunity following infection, and [developing] improved antibody testing methods.  2, record 8, English, - COVID%2D19%20Immunity%20Task%20Force

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le 23 avril 2020, le gouvernement du Canada a créé le Groupe de travail sur l'immunité face à la COVID-19 (GTIC). Le GTIC est responsable de diriger une initiative pancanadienne visant à déterminer l'ampleur de la propagation de l'infection au SRAS-CoV-2 au Canada (dans la population générale, dans certaines communautés et dans des populations prioritaires), [à] comprendre en quoi consiste l'immunité qui suit l'infection, et [à] améliorer les méthodes de dépistage des anticorps.  2, record 8, French, - Groupe%20de%20travail%20sur%20l%27immunit%C3%A9%20face%20%C3%A0%20la%20COVID%2D19

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a numerical model which simulates both atmospheric and oceanic motions and temperatures and which takes into account the effects of each component on the other.  5, record 9, English, - atmosphere%2Docean%20general%20circulation%20model

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Complex computer simulations are... essential for understanding climate change. Computers allow scientists to model the many interactions between different components of the climate system. The most detailed projections are based on coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models(AOGCMs). These are similar to the models used to predict the weather, in which the physical laws governing the motion of the atmosphere are reduced to systems of equations to be solved on supercomputers.  6, record 9, English, - atmosphere%2Docean%20general%20circulation%20model

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour éviter qu'un modèle couplé atmosphère-océan de la circulation générale n'indique des conditions climatiques irréalistes, on peut appliquer des termes d'ajustement aux flux de chaleur et d'humidité atmosphère-océan [...] avant de les introduire dans le modèle océan et atmosphère.  5, record 9, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20coupl%C3%A9%20oc%C3%A9an%2Datmosph%C3%A8re

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Los modernos modelos climáticos consisten en modelos acoplados -de las corrientes generales del océano y de la atmósfera (CGCMs) que integran las ecuaciones básicas dinámicas de los fluidos- y dan como resultado la simulación tridimensional del flujo de los fluidos (aire-agua) y sus transportes asociados de masa, calor y otras propiedades con una resolución típica de unos pocos cientos de kilómetros.  2, record 9, Spanish, - modelo%20clim%C3%A1tico%20acoplado%20atm%C3%B3sfera%2Doc%C3%A9ano

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A journey map is a visualization of the process that a person goes through in order to accomplish a goal. In its most basic form, journey mapping starts by compiling a series of user actions into a timeline. Next, the timeline is fleshed out with user thoughts and emotions in order to create a narrative. This narrative is condensed and polished, ultimately leading to a visualization.  1, record 10, English, - journey%20map

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A journey map has a specific actor(a singular customer or user of a product) and specific scenario(of a product or service), while an experience map is broader on both accounts — a generic human undergoing a general human experience. The experience map is agnostic of a specific business or product. It [is] used for understanding a general human behavior; in contrast, a customer journey map is specific and focused on a particular business or product.  1, record 10, English, - journey%20map

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 PHR

customer journey map, user journey map  1, record 10, English, - journey%20map

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La carte du parcours de l'utilisateur […] est une visualisation des relations d'un individu avec un produit/marque au fil du temps et à travers différents canaux. Bien que les cartes de parcours […] se présentent sous toutes les formes et tous les formats, elles sont généralement représentées sous la forme d'une ligne de temps de tous les points de contact entre un utilisateur et un produit.  2, record 10, French, - carte%20de%20parcours

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 PHR

carte de parcours client, carte de parcours de l'utilisateur  3, record 10, French, - carte%20de%20parcours

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Think of an experience map as a parent to a journey map. A journey map has a specific actor(a singular customer or user of a product) and specific scenario(of a product or service), while an experience map is broader on both accounts — a generic human undergoing a general human experience. The experience map is agnostic of a specific business or product. It [is] used for understanding a general human behavior; in contrast, a customer journey map is specific and focused on a particular business or product.  2, record 11, English, - experience%20map

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The Office of Aboriginal Affairs] is responsible for coordinating the Province's approach to Aboriginal issues. That includes discussions and negotiations with the Government of Canada and organizations representing Mi’kmaq communities.... In addition, the Office has a mandate to increase public awareness and understanding of Aboriginal issues. [It does] this through the development of resources for the general public, schools and targeted audiences.  1, record 12, English, - Office%20of%20Aboriginal%20Affairs

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Unlike general humility — which is defined by traits like sincerity, honesty, and unselfishness — intellectual humility has to do with understanding the limits of one's knowledge. It's a state of openness to new ideas, a willingness to be receptive to new sources of evidence … People with intellectual humility are both better learners and better able to engage in civil discourse.  2, record 13, English, - intellectual%20humility

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si l'humilité générale se définit par des traits associés à la sincérité, au désintéressement et à l'honnêteté, l'humilité intellectuelle est plutôt associée à la compréhension des limites de ses propres connaissances caractérisées par une ouverture aux nouvelles idées, et à un désir d'apprendre.  2, record 13, French, - humilit%C3%A9%20intellectuelle

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

International Translation Day is meant as an opportunity to pay tribute to the work of language professionals, which plays an important role in bringing nations together, facilitating dialogue, understanding and cooperation, contributing to development and strengthening world peace and security.... the General Assembly... declared 30 September as International Translation Day.  4, record 14, English, - International%20Translation%20Day

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Journée internationale de la traduction est l'occasion de rendre hommage aux spécialistes des langues et de souligner l'importance de leur travail pour unir les nations, faciliter le dialogue, permettre la compréhension et la coopération, favoriser le développement et renforcer la paix et la sécurité dans le monde. […] l'Assemblée générale a désigné le 30 septembre Journée internationale de la traduction, soulignant ainsi le rôle crucial des spécialistes des langues dans le rapprochement des nations et la promotion de la paix, de la compréhension et du développement.  1, record 14, French, - Journ%C3%A9e%20internationale%20de%20la%20traduction

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La celebración del Día Internacional de la Traducción nos brinda la oportunidad de rendir tributo a la labor de los profesionales lingüísticos y al importante papel que desempeñan en acercar a las naciones, facilitar el diálogo, el entendimiento y la cooperación, contribuir al desarrollo y reforzar la paz y la seguridad mundiales. [...] la Asamblea General adoptó la resolución 71/288 acerca de la función de los profesionales lingüísticos en el establecimiento de vínculos entre las naciones y la promoción de la paz, el entendimiento y el desarrollo, y declaró el 30 de septiembre Día Internacional de la Traducción.  2, record 14, Spanish, - D%C3%ADa%20Internacional%20de%20la%20Traducci%C3%B3n

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Día Internacional de la Traducción: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que los sustantivos y adjetivos que forman parte del nombre de festividades, ya sean civiles, militares o religiosas, se escriben con inicial mayúscula en todas las palabras significativas.  3, record 14, Spanish, - D%C3%ADa%20Internacional%20de%20la%20Traducci%C3%B3n

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Association of Registered Professional Foresters of NB's goals are to : assure the general public of the proficiency, competency and integrity of the registered professional foresters in the province of New Brunswick through the practice of their profession;... encourage a wider understanding of forestry issues;... improve the practice of professional forestry in the province; and promote and increase the interests, knowledge, skill, and proficiency of its members in all matters relating to forestry; to promote the best standards of forestry practice; and to maintain a high esprit de corps in the profession.  3, record 15, English, - Association%20of%20Registered%20Professional%20Foresters%20of%20New%20Brunswick

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les buts de l'Association des forestiers agréés du Nouveau-Brunswick sont : d'assurer le grand public de l'habileté, de la compétence et de l'intégrité des forestiers agréés du Nouveau-Brunswick dans l'exercice de leur profession; d'encourager une plus grande compréhension des questions touchant la foresterie; d'améliorer l'exercice de la foresterie dans la province, et [...] de promouvoir et d'améliorer les intérêts, les connaissances, les aptitudes et l'habileté de ses membres en tout ce qui concerne l'exercice de la foresterie; de promouvoir les normes exemplaires d'exercice de la foresterie et de maintenir un bon esprit de corps dans la profession.  3, record 15, French, - Association%20des%20forestiers%20agr%C3%A9%C3%A9s%20du%20Nouveau%2DBrunswick

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

CIBPA Ottawa is the local chapter of the National Federation [of] Canadian Italian Business and Professional Associations ...  1, record 16, English, - Canadian%20Italian%20Business%20and%20Professional%20Association%20of%20Ottawa

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The objectives of the association are to foster good fellowship among its members and to promote the development and interests of its members, in particular : to promote a better understanding between the members and to create a social network involving the members, their family and society at large; to unite the business and professional persons, merchants, manufacturers, traders, agents, industrialists, and persons interested therein, of Italian origin or descent, carrying on business, or exercising their profession or interests therein, and to co-operate in the industrial, professional, commercial, economic and cultural development and general welfare of the community; to help foster the trade, business, professional, cultural and general welfare of its members; [and] to promote the adoption and application of higher social, business, cultural and professional standards.  4, record 16, English, - Canadian%20Italian%20Business%20and%20Professional%20Association%20of%20Ottawa

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Comptroller General has initiated a survey called IMPAC, "Improvement in Management Practices and Controls". This survey, which will cover the top twenty departments of Government in terms of budgets and manpower, is designed to establish an understanding across the twenty departments...  2, record 17, English, - Improvement%20in%20Management%20Practices%20and%20Controls

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le Contrôleur général a entrepris une enquête, le PPCG, «Perfectionnement des pratiques et contrôles de gestion». Cette enquête visera les vingt plus gros ministères sur le plan des budgets et des ressources en main-d'œuvre et elle est conçue pour leur faire connaître [...], où nous en sommes et quels sont les besoins actuels.  2, record 17, French, - Perfectionnement%20des%20pratiques%20et%20contr%C3%B4les%20de%20gestion

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Canadian Gaming Association is a not-for-profit organization that was created with the fundamental goal of creating balance in the public dialogue about gaming in Canada. The association's mandate is to create a better understanding of the gaming industry by bringing facts to the general public, elected officials, key decision makers and the media through education and advocacy.  3, record 18, English, - Canadian%20Gaming%20Association

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Mission statement : To promote awareness of the culture of Aboriginal peoples within the community in an effort to establish a relationship of mutual understanding and respect between the Aboriginal peoples and the other members of the community; to advance, foster, encourage and promote the cultural and social interests of Aboriginal peoples, both collectively and individually; to organize projects and carry out programs to alleviate and minimize, wherever possible, adverse social and economic conditions encountered by Aboriginal people in order to effect a general improvement in their overall welfare and well-being; to promote native leadership in the native community.  4, record 19, English, - Niagara%20Regional%20Native%20Centre

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... the practice of chemistry is regulated by the Province of Alberta through the Association of the Chemical Profession of Alberta (ACPA). Only chemists who are registered members of the ACPA may use the title P.Chem. (Professional Chemist) or C.I.T. (Chemist in Training) as appropriate. These titles provide immediate assurance to government, industry and the public that specific levels of education and experience have been met.  3, record 20, English, - Association%20of%20the%20Chemical%20Profession%20of%20Alberta

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The objectives of the ACPA. 1. To ensure that [the] members meet the high standards of professional competence and ethics needed for the protection of industry and the public. 2. To increase the knowledge, skills and proficiency of [the] members in all things relating to chemistry. 3. To foster greater general interest in chemistry and a better understanding of the chemical profession by industry and the public at large. 4. To provide a recognized voice for professional chemists in Alberta.  3, record 20, English, - Association%20of%20the%20Chemical%20Profession%20of%20Alberta

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The American Society for Environmental History(ASEH) increases understanding of current environmental issues by analyzing their historical background. Founded in 1977, ASEH promotes scholarship and teaching in environmental history, supports the professional needs of its members, and connects its undertakings with larger communities. [The] organization advances a greater understanding of the history of human interaction with the rest of the natural world, fosters dialogue between humanistic scholarship, environmental science, and other disciplines, and supports global environmental history efforts that benefit the public as well as the general scholarly community.  3, record 21, English, - American%20Society%20for%20Environmental%20History

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organization which is established in Kingston, Ontario. The International Association for the Exchange of Students for Technical Experience Canada(IAESTE) assists Canadian students of engineering, science, and technology to obtain work experience overseas as a supplement to university or college studies. IAESTE also helps to build technological and managerial understanding between Canada and other countries; promotes awareness of Canadian industry, products, and way of life; contributes to general international cooperation and understanding. IAESTE is a widespread non-profit organization founded in 1948(Canada joined in 1953). Each of the 59 member countries of IAESTE secures offers of training in the relevant fields of study. These are exchanged-on a reciprocal basis-for openings suited to the background and interests of its own student applicants.  3, record 22, English, - International%20Association%20for%20the%20Exchange%20of%20Students%20for%20Technical%20Experience%20Canada

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organisme établi à Kingston (Ontario). Cette association aide les étudiants canadiens en génie, en sciences et en technologie à acquérir de l'expérience de travail dans un autre pays, en vue d'ajouter à leurs études universitaires ou collégiales. Elle contribue également au rapprochement du Canada et des autres pays sur les plans de la technologie et de la gestion, s'emploie à faire connaître l'industrie et les produits canadiens ainsi que le mode de vie au Canada et participe de façon générale à la coopération et à l'entente sur le plan international. Vaste organisation à but non lucratif, cette association a été fondée en 1948, mais le Canada n'y adhère que depuis 1953. Chacun des 59 pays membres garantit de la formation dans les domaines d'études applicables, qu'il échange contre des emplois convenant à l'expérience et aux intérêts de ses propres étudiants.  3, record 22, French, - Association%20internationale%20pour%20l%27%C3%A9change%20d%27%C3%A9tudiants%20en%20vue%20de%20l%27acquisition%20d%27une%20exp%C3%A9rience%20technique

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This category of mistake is derived from a small group of cases most of them of modern times, although the doctrine existed at least as early as 1584. The general rule is that a man is estopped by his deed, and although there is no such estoppel in the case of ordinary signed documents, a party of full age and understanding is normally bound by his signature to a document, whether he reads or understands it or not. If, however, a party has been misled into executing a deed or signing a document essentially different from that which he intended to execute or sign, he can plead non est factum in an action against him. The deed or writing is completely void in whosesoever hands it may come.  1, record 23, English, - plead%20non%20est%20factum

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En common law, la personne qui ignorait le contenu ou la nature d'un écrit qu'on lui a fait signer peut, par la défense "non est factum", en faire prononcer la nullité quant à elle.  2, record 23, French, - plaider%20la%20d%C3%A9fense%20non%20est%20factum

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The purpose of this course is to provide a general understanding of key definitions and concepts in costing and introduce the Treasury Board Secretariat Guide to Costing. Participants will gain a basic foundation in costing and will have the opportunity to apply their learning to a simple case study.  1, record 24, English, - Introduction%20to%20Costing

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

F132: a Canada School of Public Service course code.  2, record 24, English, - Introduction%20to%20Costing

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce cours vise à assurer une compréhension globale des principaux termes et concepts se rapportant à l'établissement des coûts et à présenter le Guide d'établissement des coûts du Secrétariat du Conseil du Trésor. Les participants vont acquérir des connaissances de base sur l'établissement des coûts et auront l'occasion de mettre en pratique les nouvelles notions acquises à l'aide d'une étude de cas.  1, record 24, French, - Introduction%20%C3%A0%20l%26rsquo%3B%C3%A9tablissement%20des%20co%C3%BBts

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

F132 : code de cours de l'École de la fonction publique du Canada.  2, record 24, French, - Introduction%20%C3%A0%20l%26rsquo%3B%C3%A9tablissement%20des%20co%C3%BBts

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This course supplements participants’ general knowledge of procurement with an understanding of the specific complexities of contracting for services. Participants will learn about the acts, regulations, policies and agreements that affect contracting for services.  1, record 25, English, - Contracting%20for%20Services

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

M707: a Canada School of Public Service course code.  2, record 25, English, - Contracting%20for%20Services

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce cours vise à enrichir les connaissances générales des participants sur l'approvisionnement et à leur permettre de mieux comprendre les facteurs de complexité propres à la passation de marchés de services. Les participants en apprendront davantage sur les lois, les règlements, les politiques et les accords qui ont des répercussions sur la passation de marchés de services.  1, record 25, French, - Passation%20de%20march%C3%A9s%20de%20services

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

M707 : code de cours de l'École de la fonction publique du Canada.  2, record 25, French, - Passation%20de%20march%C3%A9s%20de%20services

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The National Gallery of Canada's online exhibitions link you to our permanent collection through the Internet; offering a complementary experience, a new dimension in interpreting, understanding and enjoying visual arts in general.  2, record 26, English, - online%20exhibition

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les expositions en ligne du Musée des beaux-arts du Canada vous relient à la collection permanente du Musée par Internet et vous proposent une expérience complémentaire, une nouvelle dimension dans l'interprétation et une meilleure appréciation du patrimoine des arts visuels en général.  1, record 26, French, - exposition%20en%20ligne

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The annual observance of Disarmament Week, which begins on the anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, was called for in the Final Document of the General Assembly 1978 special session on disarmament(resolution S-10/2). States were invited to highlight the danger of the arms race, propagate the need for its cessation and increase public understanding of the urgent tasks of disarmament.  1, record 27, English, - Disarmament%20Week

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La célébration annuelle de la Semaine du désarmement, qui commence le jour anniversaire de la création de l'Organisation des Nations Unies a été instaurée par le document final de la session extraordinaire de l'Assemblée générale de 1978 consacrée au désarmement (résolution S-10/2). Les États ont été invités à mettre en évidence le danger que représentait la course aux armements, à répandre l'idée selon laquelle il était nécessaire d'y mettre un terme et à faire mieux comprendre à l'opinion publique l'urgence du désarmement.  1, record 27, French, - Semaine%20du%20d%C3%A9sarmement

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En el Documento Final del periodo extraordinario de sesiones de la Asamblea General de 1978 dedicado al desarme (resolución S-10/2), se pidió la observancia anual de la Semana del Desarme, que comienza en la fecha en que se celebra el aniversario de la fundación de las Naciones Unidas. Se invitó a los Estados a poner de relieve el peligro que representa la carrera armamentista, propagar la necesidad de que cese y hacer que el público entienda la urgencia de las tareas de desarme.  1, record 27, Spanish, - Semana%20del%20Desarme

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The force transport officer is responsible for... instructions covering all aspects of transport control, initial briefing of all drivers on general driving policy and conditions in the operational area, processing and testing contingents’ motor transport officers in their understanding of the rules and regulations in force in the UN Force and operative in the country in which the Force is stationed.  1, record 28, English, - force%20transport%20officer

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Governor General' s Canadian Leadership Conference was created to broaden the perspectives of future leaders in business, unions and public administration so that their decisions are based on a practical understanding of the influence of their organizations on the general welfare of the community. The Canadian leadership conferences began in 1983 as a means to help build Canada. They involve a unique process of examination, debate and discovery designed to broaden perspectives and enhance the leadership qualities of members. The Governor General' s Canadian Leadership Conference is designed to pack the most intense experiences of life in Canadian industry and community into a unique 2-week event.  1, record 29, English, - The%20Governor%20General%27s%20Canadian%20Leadership%20Conference

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Conférence canadienne du Gouverneur général sur le leadership a été créée dans le but d'élargir les perspectives des futurs dirigeants d'entreprises, de syndicats et d'organismes publics, de sorte qu'ils pourront prendre leurs décisions en pleine connaissance de l'impact que leur organisation peut avoir sur le bien-être général de la société. Les conférences sur le leadership ont été instituées en 1983 pour contribuer à l'édification de la société canadienne. Leur démarche d'examen, de débat et de découverte, unique en son genre, est conçue pour élargir les perspectives et aiguiser les qualités de chef des participants. Elles condensent en l'espace de deux semaines une somme d'expériences parmi les plus intenses qu'on puisse avoir en côtoyant la vie industrielle et communautaire canadienne.  1, record 29, French, - La%20Conf%C3%A9rence%20canadienne%20du%20Gouverneur%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral%20sur%20le%20leadership

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An act or state of agreeing between parties regarding a course of action.  3, record 30, English, - understanding

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Understanding... A general term referring to an agreement, either express or implied, written or oral. The term "understanding" is an ambiguous one; in order to determine whether a particular understanding would constitute a contract that is legally binding on the parties involved, the circumstances must be examined to discover whether a meeting of the minds and an intent to be bound occurred.  3, record 30, English, - understanding

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "agreement" is a generic one, and other terms are used to designate agreements by the form they take.  4, record 30, English, - understanding

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The words "agreement" or "understanding" are often used in commercial or financial matters.  5, record 30, English, - understanding

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Reproduced from the Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.  6, record 30, English, - understanding

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Acte intervenu entre deux ou plusieurs parties par leur consentement mutuel, destiné à produire des effets de droit, quels qu'en soient les parties, l'objet et la forme [...] etc.  1, record 30, French, - accord

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

arrangement : terme employé parfois pour désigner un accord international, en quelque forme qu'il soit intervenu, destiné à régler une situation juridique difficile ou litigieuse.  1, record 30, French, - accord

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

entente : terme employé pour désigner un accord intervenu ou à intervenir sur un point déterminé.  1, record 30, French, - accord

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 3 OBS

accord : terme employé parfois pour désigner des engagements internationaux de caractère économique, commercial ou financier [...]  1, record 30, French, - accord

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Dans son sens large, «agreement» s'emploie de façon interchangeable avec «understanding». Ces deux termes se rendent en français par divers équivalents, selon l'objet et la forme choisie par les parties.  3, record 30, French, - accord

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Declaración escrita o verbal por la que dos o más partes manifiestan su conformidad en asumir determinadas obligaciones y derechos con un objetivo común.  2, record 30, Spanish, - acuerdo

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

acuerdo: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 30, Spanish, - acuerdo

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Reproducido del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  4, record 30, Spanish, - acuerdo

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... of the World Meteorological Organization. The purpose of the Public Weather Services Programme is to assist WMO Members to provide reliable and effective weather and related services for the benefit of the public. The long term objectives of the Public Weather Services Programme are : To strengthen WMO Members’ capabilities to meet the needs of the community through the provision of comprehensive weather and related services with particular emphasis on public safety and welfare; to foster a better understanding by the general public of the capabilities of national Meteorological Services and how best to use their services.  3, record 31, English, - Public%20Weather%20Services%20Programme

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Programme [...] de l'Organisation météorologique mondiale.  2, record 31, French, - Programme%20de%20services%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologiques%20destin%C3%A9s%20au%20public

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organización Meteorológica Mundial.  1, record 31, Spanish, - Programa%20de%20Servicios%20Meteorol%C3%B3gicos%20al%20P%C3%BAblico

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

IFHOH was established in 1977 as a charitable organization, registered at Vereinsregister Amtsgericht Hamburg, Germany(Nr. 69 VR 10 527). As an International Non-Governmental Organization, IFHOH has special consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council(ECOSOC). IFHOH currently has 47 general and associate members in 30 countries. IFHOH provides a platform for co-operation and information exchange among its members and interested parties. As an umbrella organization and through its individual organizations, IFHOH works to promote greater understanding of hearing loss issues and to improve access for hard of hearing people worldwide.  1, record 32, English, - International%20Federation%20of%20Hard%20of%20Hearing%20People

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Carrier Sekani Tribal Council(CSTC) works to : preserve and promote the Carrier Sekani heritage and identity; improve the social and economic independence of Carrier Sekani people; achieve a just resolution of land claims and aboriginal rights issues for Carrier Sekani people; promote better understanding between First Nations people and the general public; advance and improve the standard of living of the Carrier Sekani people; promote self-government for Carrier Sekani people. The Carrier Sekani Tribal Council(CSTC) is a registered non-profit society, incorporated in 1979.  1, record 33, English, - Carrier%20Sekani%20Tribal%20Council

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Information confirmée par l'organisme.  2, record 33, French, - Carrier%20Sekani%20Tribal%20Council

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. This document describes the Regulations in some detail; it does not, however, cover every aspect, nor provide a legal interpretation of the Regulations. On the other hand, it should help the reader gain a general understanding of their content.  1, record 34, English, - A%20Description%20of%20the%20Official%20Languages%20Regulations%20on%20Service%20to%20the%20Public

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Secrétariat du Conseil du Trésor du Canada. Le présent document fournit une description du Règlement; il ne couvre cependant pas tous les aspects ni ne fournit une interprétation juridique du Règlement. Ce document devrait, toutefois, permettre au lecteur de mieux comprendre la teneur du Règlement.  1, record 34, French, - Description%20du%20R%C3%A8glement%20en%20mati%C3%A8re%20de%20service%20au%20public%20dans%20les%20deux%20langues%20officielles

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This list focuses on educational Internet resources pertinent to Canadian heritage in the disciplines covered by the Canadian Museum of Civilization(CMC) Corporation : archaeology, ethnology, history(including military history and postal history), and folk culture. Other resources are also included if they are considered to provide a larger context for understanding Canada, its history, and the multicultural backgrounds of Canadians. Finally, some general resources are included to help you pursue subjects further afield.  1, record 35, English, - Online%20Resources%20for%20Canadian%20Heritage

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette liste regroupe les ressources éducatives Internet qui ont trait au patrimoine canadien et qui relèvent des disciplines auxquelles se consacre la Société du Musée canadien des civilisations (MCC): archéologie, ethnologie, histoire (y compris l'histoire militaire et l'histoire postale) et culture traditionnelle. D'autres ressources ont également été incluses dans la liste si l'on considérait qu'elles constituaient un contexte plus vaste permettant une compréhension du Canada, de son histoire et du patrimoine multiculturel des Canadiens. Enfin, des ressources générales sont fournies pour permettre un approfondissement des recherches.  1, record 35, French, - Ressources%20en%20direct%20sur%20le%20patrimoine%20canadien

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Its] mission [is to] represent and promote the welfare of the entire Manitoba honey bee industry through; presentations to the federal and provincial governments as required; participation on the Canadian Honey Council and other organizations with similar goals and interests, and to promote a better understanding of beekeeping and honey to the general public.  2, record 36, English, - Manitoba%20Beekeepers%27%20Association

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Centre for Research in Neuroscience is located in the Research Institute of the Montreal General Hospital, a teaching hospital with the McGill University Health Centre. The CRN was established as a University Centre some 25 years ago under the leadership of Dr. Albert Aguayo. Historically the focus of the CRN has been in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neural regeneration with an aim to mitigating the effects of trauma to the CNS.  1, record 37, English, - Centre%20for%20Research%20in%20Neuroscience

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Award of a contact without using competition.  3, record 38, English, - direct%20contracting

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... contracts may be awarded either through open or selective adjudication, by open or selective invitation to tender(either internationally or published locally) or through a direct understanding(private agreement). In principle, contracts are awarded by private agreement only if the invitation to tender procedure has been unsuccessful, if there is an emergency or if the higher interests of State must be protected, and the authorization of the General Directorate for Government Procurement(DGMP) is required; in practice, however, the report prepared by the Secretariat for the first review of Mali's trade policy noted that private agreement, was the procedure used for 60 per cent of government procurement financed out of the State budget and around 4. 5 per cent of government procurement financed from the external funds.  4, record 38, English, - direct%20contracting

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] les marchés peuvent être passés soit par adjudication ouverte ou restreinte, par appel d'offres ouvert ou restreint (international ou publiée localement), soit par entente directe (gré à gré). En principe, la passation de marché par entente directe n'a lieu qu'en cas d'échec de la procédure d'appel d'offres, de situation d'urgence ou de nécessité de protéger l'intérêt supérieur de l'État, et elle doit avoir l'autorisation de la Direction générale des marchés publics (DGMP); en pratique toutefois, le rapport du Secrétariat préparé pour le premier examen de la politique commerciale du Mali avait constaté que l'entente directe était la méthode utilisée dans 60 pour cent des marchés publics financé sur budget national, et environ 4,5 pour cent des marchés publics financés sur fonds extérieurs.  2, record 38, French, - passation%20de%20march%C3%A9s%20par%20entente%20directe

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Aims to provide an integrated research effort that will improve our general understanding of how mercury is transmitted and accumulates in our ecosystem. It was established through the financial support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.  1, record 39, English, - Collaborative%20Mercury%20Research%20Network

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le COMERN vise à intégrer les efforts de recherche du Canada pour en arriver à une meilleure compréhension générale de processus qui contrôlent les échanges et l'accumulation de mercure a été mis sur pied grâce au soutien financier du Conseil de recherches en sciences naturelles et en génie du Canada.  1, record 39, French, - R%C3%A9seau%20collaboratif%20de%20recherche%20sur%20le%20mercure

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This program is designed to assist institutions of higher education to engage, under the direction of a designated principal researcher, in major team research about Canada, Canada's bilateral relations or comparative topics on Canada. The purpose is to increase knowledge and understanding of Canada through publication abroad of a substantial work, e. g. book or monograph. The research project will contribute to the development and expansion of Canadian Studies at the institution(s) involved and enrich the general body of literature in the field of research. Available in all of Europe(including central and eastern Europe.  2, record 40, English, - Institutional%20Research%20Program

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce programme est conçu pour aider des universités et autres établissements d'études supérieures à entreprendre, sous la direction d'un chercheur principal, des travaux d'équipe sur le Canada, la comparaison de ce dernier avec le (pays ou région), ou les relations bilatérales Canada-(pays ou région). L'objectif est de promouvoir la connaissance et la compréhension du Canada par la publication à l'étranger d'ouvrages substantiels (livres ou monographies). Le projet de recherche contribuera au développement et l'expansion des études canadiennes dans l'(les) établissement(s) impliqué(s) et constituera un apport important au domaine d'étude en général. Disponible à toute l'Europe, y inclus l'Europe centrale et l'Europe de l'est.  2, record 40, French, - Programme%20de%20bourses%20de%20recherche%20pour%20les%20universit%C3%A9s

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Language achievement is made up of a variety of different skills, and each skill may require a different method of teaching. Some aspects of language – cognition and concept development – are best learned by storytelling. Other aspects--such as spelling and, sometimes, vocabulary – are best learned by study and memorization. Reading comprehension requires more general skills in understanding and summarizing ideas.  5, record 41, English, - language%20achievement

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The time of intervention is the most significant factor for language achievement and it has been demonstrated through research that intervention is much more effective when initiated in the first six months of life.  6, record 41, English, - language%20achievement

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En proposant une variété d'activités d'apprentissage, tant à l'oral qu'à l'écrit, les enseignantes et enseignants de toutes les disciplines jouent donc un rôle complémentaire mais essentiel dans le développement langagier de l'élève.  5, record 41, French, - d%C3%A9veloppement%20langagier

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Aboriginal Affairs Secretariat. Cross-Cultural Awareness and Public Information is an important part of the Secretariat mandate. The objective is to increase the level of knowledge of Mi’kmaq and Maliseet cultures and aboriginal issues among public servants and the general public. This is regarded as an important means of improving understanding and fostering better relations with aboriginal people. The main areas of activity in 1999-2000 were the provision of cross-cultural awareness workshops, the development of information kits, and the creation of a Web site.  1, record 42, English, - Cross%2DCultural%20Awareness%20and%20Public%20Information

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Secrétariat des Affaires autochtones. La Sensibilisation transculturelle et l'information publique sont un volet important du mandat du Secrétariat, l'objectif étant de permettre aux fonctionnaires et au public de mieux connaître les cultures micmaques et malécites de même que les questions autochtones. Cet élément est vu comme un moyen important de favoriser la compréhension et de meilleures relations avec les autochtones. Durant l'année 1999-2000, des ateliers de sensibilisation transculturelle, l'élaboration de trousses d'information et la création d'un site Web comptaient parmi les activités réalisées dans ce secteur.  1, record 42, French, - Sensibilisation%20transculturelle%20et%20information%20publique

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Founded in 1978, the International Life Sciences Institute(ISLI) is a nonprofit, worldwide foundation that seeks to improve the well-being of the general public through the pursuit of balanced science. Its goal is to further the understanding of scientific issues relating to nutrition, food safety, toxicology, risk assessment, and the environment by bringing together scientists from academia, government and industry.  2, record 43, English, - International%20Life%20Sciences%20Institute

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation confirmée par l'organisme.  2, record 43, French, - Institut%20international%20des%20sciences%20de%20la%20vie

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Another type of aurora is known as pulsating aurora. This auroral type, while it is not as exciting to observe as a midnight breakup, is important because of the length of its occurrence and the amount of energy that it deposits into the ionosphere. The study of pulsating aurora has led to the understanding of how particles can in general be caused to precipitate into the ionosphere.  2, record 44, English, - pulsating%20aurora

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

HAPEX-Sahel(Hydrological and Atmospheric Pilot Experiment in the Sahel) is an international land-surface-atmosphere observation program that was undertaken in western Niger, in the west African Sahel region. The overall aims were to improve our understanding of the role of the Sahel on the general circulation, in particular the effects of the large interannual fluctuations of land surface conditions in this region and, in turn, to develop ideas about how the general circulation is related to the persistent droughts that have affected the Sahel during the last 25 years.  2, record 45, English, - Hydrologic%20Atmospheric%20Pilot%20Experiment%20in%20the%20Sahel

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation et abréviation confirmées par l'organisme.  3, record 45, French, - Hydrologic%20Atmospheric%20Pilot%20Experiment%20in%20the%20Sahel

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Japan Foundation was established in 1972 as a special legal entity under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the purpose of promoting mutual understanding and friendship on the international scene. It was the first specialist organization for international cultural exchange in Japan, and it carries out a broad variety of cultural-exchange programs with personnel exchange as their basic premise, ranging from such academic pursuits as Japanese studies and Japanese-language education to the arts, publication, audio-visual media, sports, and general life culture. Its activities are financed by operation profits on government endowments, aid from the government(including the ODA budget), and funding and donations from the private sector.  2, record 46, English, - Japan%20Foundation

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Title reproduced from the document "United Nations and Related Bodies, Specialized Agencies of the United Nations System, Intergovernmental Organizations, International Non-Governmental Organizations, Networks, Systems, Foundations and Similar Institutions", with the authorization of UNESCO.  3, record 46, English, - Japan%20Foundation

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation tirée du document «United Nations and Related Bodies, Specialized Agencies of the United Nations System, Intergovernmental Organizations, International Non-Governmental Organizations, Networks, Systems, Foundations and Similar Institutions», avec l'autorisation de l'UNESCO.  2, record 46, French, - Fondation%20du%20Japon

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Extraido de "United Nations and Related Bodies, Specialized Agencies of the United Nations System, Intergovernmental Organizations, International Non-Governmental Organizations, Networks, Systems, Foundations and Similar Institutions", con la autorización UNESCO.  2, record 46, Spanish, - Fundaci%C3%B3n%20del%20Jap%C3%B3n

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

a body of actions and treatment that accords with the general philosophy and understanding of disease and therapy taught in established medical schools, practised by doctors and licensed and regulated by their governing authorities.  2, record 47, English, - conventional%20medicine

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

As opposed to terms such as "alternative medicine," complementary medicine," "fringe medicine" or "Chinese medicine," "traditional Chinese medicine" or India’s "Ayurvedic medicine."  6, record 47, English, - conventional%20medicine

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This list focuses on Internet resources pertinent to Canadian heritage in the disciplines covered by the Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation : archaeology, ethnology, history(including military history and postal history), and folk culture. Other resources are also included if they are considered to provide a larger context for understanding Canada, its history, and the multicultural backgrounds of Canadians. Finally, some general resources are included to help you pursue subjects further afield.  2, record 48, English, - Online%20Resources%20for%20Canadian%20Heritage

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Compiled by Stephen Alsford. Ottawa, Canadian Museum of Civilization, 1997----.  2, record 48, English, - Online%20Resources%20for%20Canadian%20Heritage

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette liste regroupe les ressources Internet qui ont trait au patrimoine canadien et qui relèvent des disciplines auxquelles se consacre la Société du Musée canadien des civilisations : archéologie, ethnologie, histoire (y compris l'histoire militaire et l'histoire postale) et culture traditionnelle. D'autres ressources ont également été incluses dans la liste si l'on considérait qu'elles constituaient un contexte plus vaste permettant une compréhension du Canada, de son histoire et du patrimoine multiculturel des Canadiens. Enfin, des ressources générales sont fournies pour permettre un approfondissement des recherches.  2, record 48, French, - Ressources%20en%20direct%20sur%20le%20patrimoine%20canadien

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Compilé par Stephen Alsford. Ottawa, Musée canadien des civilisations, 1996----.  2, record 48, French, - Ressources%20en%20direct%20sur%20le%20patrimoine%20canadien

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The concept of immunologic surveillance was proposed as a paradigm by Burnet3 in 1970 to explain the spontaneous growth of cancer in a normal host. He proposed that the immune system had the capacity of detecting non-self from self as a general principle. When non-self was detected, the immune systems reacted with a variety of effectors, whose responsibility was to destroy the invading organisms. This understanding was found to be essentially correct when applied to invading organisms such as bacteria, pleuropneumonia-like organisms and viruses. The major cell type of the immune system whose responsibility it was to make the self-nonself determination were T cells.  2, record 49, English, - non%2Dself

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La distinction entre les notions de soi et de non-soi se comprend aisément lorsque l'on considère un antigène dont le caractère "étranger" à l'organisme s'impose d'évidence. Une bactérie, un virus, une toxine de serpent sont, bien entendu, des antigènes étrangers au système immunitaire de l'homme ou de la souris. On notera toutefois qu'une substance n'a nullement besoin d'être pathogène pour stimuler le système immunitaire; il suffit qu'elle soit étrangère à l'organisme chez lequel elle pénètre.  2, record 49, French, - non%2Dsoi

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le soi est identifié de manière fonctionnelle comme les déterminants antigéniques potentiels d'un sujet qui ne sont pas reconnus efficacement par son système immunitaire. Le non-soi est l'état symétrique.  3, record 49, French, - non%2Dsoi

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Collins’ set of tutorial rules was used to construct an experimental Socratic tutoring system for rainfall processes called WHY(Stevens and Collins, 1977). In this system, the domain knowledge is no longer contained in a semantic net, which would not be very fit for the representation of processes. Instead, the knowledge about rainfall is stored in a hierarchy of scripts that represent stereotypical sequences of events. These fixed sequences are to capture both the temporal and the causal relations between events in a way that is easily amenable to inspection. The generation of questions and the evaluation of the student's answers are based on these scripts. The nested nature of the script hierarchy provides an organized view of the knowledge, with more general scripts giving overall sequences of events and more detailed scripts accounting for intermediate causal chains relating these events. The system can exploit this hierarchy to cover the subject starting from a general understanding and moving toward a more and more detailed description of the process.  1, record 50, English, - Socratic%20tutoring%20system

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

qui évoque le dialogue socratique.  1, record 50, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20tutoriel%20socratique

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Personality Assessment : Observations, Interviews, and Ratings. Personality, according to the most general definition, is a composite of mental abilities, interests, attitudes, temperaments, and other variables characterizing thoughts, feelings, and behavior.... From the above definition it follows that methods of assessing personality include a broad range of cognitive and affective variables. Among these variables are the measures of achievement, intelligence, special abilities, interests, and attitudes.... Other emotional, temperamental, and stylistic characteristics, which have more traditionally been referred to as personality variables, are also important in understanding and predicting behavior.  2, record 51, English, - personality%20assessment

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Assessment. Appraising or estimating the level or magnitude of some attribute of a person. The assessment of human behavior and mental processes involves observations, interviews, rating scales, checklists, inventories, projectives, and psychological tests.  2, record 51, English, - personality%20assessment

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In BIP-I, the student model is defined only in terms of the skills, though in general other levels could be used as well. Associated with each skill is a pair of numerical values. One value stands for the system's estimate of the student's mastery of the skill and is updated by very simple techniques according to his performance on each task. The other stands for the student's own estimate of his understanding and is updated in the course of a short interview following each exercise. Since problem selection takes both values into account, this is an interesting, albeit simple, combination of inferential and interactive diagnosis.  2, record 52, English, - interactive%20diagnosis

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Applies to systems such as WUSOR, ACE, the LISP tutor and the MACSYMA ADVISOR that invite the student to participate explicitly in the diagnostic process by volunteering information, or engage in menu-driven dialogues with the student that provide information about the student’s goals. Even if the student is more involved in the formation of the student model, inferential diagnostic capabilities remain necessary.  2, record 52, English, - interactive%20diagnosis

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir simulateur interactif.  2, record 52, French, - diagnostic%20interactif

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The general idea here is to use a form of reification to help the student do her own blame assignment by means of an abstract replay(Collins and Brown, 1987) of the genesis of errors in learning or problem-solving contexts. This use of diagnosis as a didactic resource can produce dynamic responses that engage the student to probe the system's understanding of her behavior...  1, record 53, English, - abstract%20replay

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

récapitulation : répétition, reprise point par point.  2, record 53, French, - r%C3%A9capitulation%20mentale