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GLUCOTOXICITY [2 records]

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Alphabetical list of terms

Record 1 2024-12-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Cytology
  • Biochemistry
CONT

Reduction of β-cell mass and function is central to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The terms glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, and glucolipotoxicity are used to describe potentially responsible processes. The premise is that chronically elevated glucose levels are toxic to β-cells, that elevated lipid levels in the form of circulating free fatty acids(FFA) also have toxic effects, and that the combination of the two, glucolipotoxicity, is particularly harmful.

Key term(s)
  • gluco-lipotoxicity

French

Domaine(s)
  • Cytologie
  • Biochimie
CONT

Les termes glucotoxicité, lipotoxicité et glucolipotoxicité font aujourd'hui partie du vocabulaire diabétologique commun, et sont utilisés pour décrire des processus potentiellement responsables de la pathogenèse des diabètes (DT2 [diabète de type 2], DT1 [diabète de type 1]). Ils sous-entendent que les concentrations plasmatiques de glucose et d'acides gras libres (AGL) chroniquement élevées, sont toxiques pour les cellules bêta, et que la combinaison des deux, la glucolipotoxicité, est particulièrement nocive.

Key term(s)
  • gluco-lipotoxicité

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2024-10-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Cytology
  • Biochemistry
CONT

The concept that chronic hyperglycemia induces a deterioration of beta-cell function was developed on observing that any hypoglycemic strategy can improve plasma insulin levels after OGTT [oral glucose tolerance test] in diabetes... The deleterious effect of hyperglycemia was subsequently named glucotoxicity and encompasses glucose utilization by skeletal muscle.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Cytologie
  • Biochimie
CONT

L'excès chronique de glucose et de lipides circulants est pathogène avec des effets peut-être synergiques. L'hyperglycémie chronique, la dyslipidémie et l'excès d'acides gras et de triglycérides circulants, ainsi que des taux élevés de cytokines pro-inflammatoires, associés à l'insulinorésistance, sont les caractéristiques biologiques du sujet diabétique obèse. L'hyperglycémie chronique est toxique pour de nombreux tissus et organes, cellules β comprises (glucotoxicité) [...]

Key term(s)
  • gluco-toxicité

Spanish

Save record 2

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