TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A substance that enhances the flavours of other substances without itself imparting any characteristics flavour of its own, e. g. monosodium glutamate and ribotide as well as sugar, salt, and vinegar in small quantities.  4, record 1, English, - flavor%20enhancer

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

flavour enhancer: term and definition standardized by ISO.  7, record 1, English, - flavor%20enhancer

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Not to be confused with "flavor" and "flavoring agent".  8, record 1, English, - flavor%20enhancer

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Substance ne possédant pas de propriétés organoleptiques par elle-même mais qui - ajoutée à un produit alimentaire - accroît sa flaveur.  7, record 1, French, - exhausteur%20de%20go%C3%BBt

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les principales matières utilisées à titre d'exhausteur de goût sont le glutamate de sodium - qui confère un goût d'umami - le maltol [...] des hydrolysats protidiques de végétaux supérieurs ou de levure [...]  7, record 1, French, - exhausteur%20de%20go%C3%BBt

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

renforçateur d'arôme : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  8, record 1, French, - exhausteur%20de%20go%C3%BBt

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The essential enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glutamate to the neurotransmitter GABA [gamma-amino butyric acid].  1, record 2, English, - glutamate%20decarboxylase

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The single monosodium salt of glutamic acid used in food to accentuate flavors.  8, record 3, English, - monosodium%20glutamate

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

MSG: This might be an in-house or a non-recognized abbreviation; not to be used alone, to avoid any risk of confusion.  7, record 3, English, - monosodium%20glutamate

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sodium glutamate : incomplete name.  7, record 3, English, - monosodium%20glutamate

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 OBS

alpha: This word must be replaced by the corresponding Greek character or italicized.  7, record 3, English, - monosodium%20glutamate

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 4 OBS

L-: This letter is a small capital.  7, record 3, English, - monosodium%20glutamate

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Also known under the following commercial designations: Accent; Ajinomoto; Glutacyl; Glutavene; RL-50; Vetsin; Zest.  9, record 3, English, - monosodium%20glutamate

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 6 OBS

Chemical formula: C₅H₈NO₄·Na or C[subsscript 5]H₈NNaO₄  9, record 3, English, - monosodium%20glutamate

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sel de sodium de l'acide glutamique qui, parce qu'il a la propriété de stimuler les perceptions gustatives, est utilisé dans l'alimentation comme exhausteur de goût.  8, record 3, French, - glutamate%20monosodique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

GMS : abréviation non officielle; ne pas l'utiliser seule, pour éviter tout risque de confusion.  3, record 3, French, - glutamate%20monosodique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

glutamate de sodium : nom incomplet.  3, record 3, French, - glutamate%20monosodique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 OBS

alpha : Ce mot doit être remplacé par la lettre grecque correspondante ou s'écrire en italique.  3, record 3, French, - glutamate%20monosodique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 4 OBS

L- : Cette lettre est une petite capitale.  3, record 3, French, - glutamate%20monosodique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Formule chimique : C₅H₈NO₄·Na ou C₅H₈NNaO₄  8, record 3, French, - glutamate%20monosodique

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₅H₈NO₄·Na o C₅H₈NNaO₄  2, record 3, Spanish, - glutamato%20s%C3%B3dico

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Oligomeric N-mehtyl d-aspartate receptor(NMDAR) in brain is a ligand-gated ion channel that becomes selectively permeable to ions binding of glutamate and glycine results in opening of the calcium permeable channel.  1, record 4, English, - Oligomeric%20N%2Dmehtyl%20d%2Daspartate%20receptor

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Complexe macromoléculaire comportant un site de fixation pour le neuromédiateur (acide aminé excitateur) et ses agonistes, un canal cationique mais aussi divers sites de fixation pour des ligands endogènes et exogènes qui modulent le fonctionnement du récepteur.  1, record 4, French, - r%C3%A9cepteur%20NMDAR

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A salt containing one atom of sodium in the molecule.  2, record 5, English, - monosodium%20salt

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Monosodium glutamate [is the] flavouring agent consisting of the white crystalline monosodium salt of glutamic acid, a nonessential amino acid.  3, record 5, English, - monosodium%20salt

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sel dont la molécule ne contient qu'un seul atome de sodium.  3, record 5, French, - sel%20monosodique

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le] glutamate de sodium [est le] sel monosodique monohydraté de l'acide L(+) glutamique. Il augmente la saveur de nombreux aliments, les hydrolysats protéiques entre autres.  4, record 5, French, - sel%20monosodique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The enzyme(EC 2. 6. 1. 1) that catalyzes the reaction of aspartate with 2-oxoglutarate to give glutamate and oxaloacetate. It contains pyridoxal phosphate. Its concentration in blood may be raised in liver and heart diseases that are associated with damage to those tissues.  6, record 6, English, - aspartate%20aminotransferase

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An enzyme normally present in many tissues and body fluids; high concentrations are associated with damage to cells, especially of the heart and liver.  5, record 6, English, - aspartate%20aminotransferase

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'une des deux transaminases qui ont été étudiées en clinique dans le sérum sanguin. Elle catalyse la réaction entre l'acide glutamique et l'acide oxalo-acétique d'une part, et l'acide aspartique et l'acide alpha-cétoglutarique d'autre part.  2, record 6, French, - s%C3%A9rum%20glutamo%2Doxalac%C3%A9tique%20transaminase

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Hydrogen chloride in aqueous solution, appearing under the form of a colorless or slightly yellow, fuming, pungent liquid, which constitutes a strong, highly corrosive acid, is soluble in water, alcohol and benzene, is noncombustible, is derived by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water at various concentrations, and is used in acidizing carbonate rocks and petroleum wells, boiler scale removal, ore reduction, food processing(corn syrup, sodium glutamate), industrial acidizing, pickling and metal cleaning, as an alcohol denaturant, a chemical intermediate and a laboratory reagent.  6, record 7, English, - hydrochloric%20acid

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... hydrochloric acid ... dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions, H+, and chloride ions, Cl-.  7, record 7, English, - hydrochloric%20acid

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The aqueous extract is ... slowly added to 250 ml. of 6N hydrochloric acid. [For the explanation on the meaning of "6N", see the record for "normal solution."]  8, record 7, English, - hydrochloric%20acid

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The mineral acids include sulfuric (H₂SO₄), hydrochloric (HCl), nitric (HNO₃), perchloric (HClO₄), and phosphoric (H₃PO₄).  9, record 7, English, - hydrochloric%20acid

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chlorure d'hydrogène en solution aqueuse.  7, record 7, French, - acide%20chlorhydrique

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Parmi les acides minéraux (ou inorganiques) les plus importants, figurent l'acide sulfurique H₂SO₄, l'acide phosphorique H₃PO₄, l'acide nitrique HNO₃ et l'acide chlorhydrique HCl [...]  8, record 7, French, - acide%20chlorhydrique

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Mélanger dans un récipient contenant 10 à 15 ml d'acide chlorhydrique 6 N et noter le volume obtenu. [Voir la fiche «solution normale» pour une explication sur l'abréviation «N».]  9, record 7, French, - acide%20chlorhydrique

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chlorhydrique : Se dit d'un gaz de formule HCl (chlorure d'hydrogène) et de l'acide résultant de la dissolution chlorhydrique et de la combinaison de ce dernier dans l'eau.  7, record 7, French, - acide%20chlorhydrique

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Ne pas confondre avec chlorhydrate (en anglais : «hydrochloride»), qui se rapporte à produit d'addition de l'acide chlorhydrique avec une base azotée ou phosphorée ou avec un composé renfermant une liaison multiple.  7, record 7, French, - acide%20chlorhydrique

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gas tóxico que se suele utilizar disuelto en agua. Ataca a la mayoría de los metales. Se utiliza como catalizador, para la obtención de cloruros, en los baños de decapado y en la obtención de diversos productos.  3, record 7, Spanish, - %C3%A1cido%20clorh%C3%ADdrico

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The pathological process by which neurons are damaged and killed by the overactivations of receptors for the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, such as the NMDA [N-methyl D-aspartate] receptor and AMPA [α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid] receptor.  2, record 8, English, - excitotoxicity

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Précocement, l'activation anormale de différents types de récepteurs excitateurs neuronaux, tel le récepteur NMDA [N-methyl-D-aspartate], provoque une entrée massive de calcium dans la cellule : c'est le phénomène d'excitotoxicité.  1, record 8, French, - excitotoxicit%C3%A9

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A yeast-based natural flavor ingredient. Provesta 48-000 [Registered Name] contributes a clean savory flavor, increases salt perception, and amplifies the flavor of spices, seasonings, vegetables and other ingredients without monosodium glutamate(MSG), disodium inosinate(IMP), or disodium guanylate(GMP)...  1, record 9, English, - Provesta%2048%2D000%26trade%3B

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Provesta 48-000™: A trademark of Provesta Corporation.  2, record 9, English, - Provesta%2048%2D000%26trade%3B

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Provesta 48-000^MC : Marque de commerce de la société Provesta Corporation.  1, record 9, French, - Provesta%2048%2D000

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Methyl analog of dextrorphan that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center.... It is one of the widely used antitussives, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.  1, record 10, English, - dextromethorphan

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₈H₂₅NO  3, record 10, English, - dextromethorphan

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Santé Canada présente un aperçu des éléments probants en ce qui a trait à l'innocuité et à l'efficacité des médicaments en vente libre contre la toux et le rhume destinés aux enfants de moins de 12 ans qui contiennent les ingrédients suivants [...] l'antitussif dextrométhorphane [...]  1, record 10, French, - dextrom%C3%A9thorphane

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₈H₂₅NO  2, record 10, French, - dextrom%C3%A9thorphane

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₈H₂₅NO  2, record 10, Spanish, - dextrometorfano

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Promotion of a chemical reaction by addition of a substance or enzyme(catalyst) that partakes in, but is not permanently affected by the reaction. In the case of enzymes, it is mediated by the functional groups found in amino acid side chains and coenzymes. Notably, the amino acid side chains of histidine, serine, cysteine, lysine, glutamate, and aspartate are frequently directly involved in the catalytic process. Coenzymes or metals work in conjunction with enzymes to provide a greater variety of functional groups than is available through amino acid side chains alone.  2, record 11, English, - catalysis

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

DNA technology enables the facile modification of proteins by highly specific mutagenesis of their genes. Enzymes with novel properties may be produced in large quantities from the mutant genes. Kinetic analysis of the mutant enzymes can be combined with high-resolution structural data from protein X-ray crystallography to provide direct measurements on the relationships between structure and function. In particular, the strength and nature of enzyme-substrate interactions and their roles in catalysis and specificity may be studied.  3, record 11, English, - catalysis

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Accélération d'une réaction chimique grâce à la présence, en petite quantité, d'une substance (appelée catalyseur), qui est retrouvée inchangée à la fin de la réaction.  2, record 11, French, - catalyse

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Certains enzymes subissent une activation irréversible quand ils sont traités par des agents capables de se fixer de façon covalente à un groupement fonctionnel indispensable à la catalyse, ce qui conduit à la formation d'une molécule enzymatique inactive.  3, record 11, French, - catalyse

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proceso por el cual varía la velocidad de una reacción química por la presencia de una sustancia, el catalizador, que al finalizar la reacción permanece inalterada.  1, record 11, Spanish, - cat%C3%A1lisis

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Distinct polypeptide chain in which lies the domain accommodating the catalytic site of complex enzymes. It is completely separated from the domain building up the binding site for the regulatory effector(s). From an evolutionary viewpoint, it is probable that gene fusion did occur in most cases rather than that originally continuous polypeptide chains have separated. In some oligomeric enzymes the allosteric site may have appeared as a result of gene duplication, e. g. in glutamate dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, whereas in others by acquisition of a foreign structural gene, e. g. the NAD-binding domain in glycogen phosphorylase. However, in present day complex enzymes the catalytic and regulatory protein units remained separate, but associable, entities.  2, record 12, English, - catalytic%20subunit

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The ATCase of E. coli has ... a molecular weight of about 310,000 but can be dissociated by treatment with mercurial reagents to yield two identical catalytic subunits and three identical regulatory subunits. Each of the two catalytic subunits has a molecular weight of about 100,000 and contains three polypeptide chains of molecular weight 34,000 called C chains. Each catalytic subunit contains three binding sites for the substrate aspartate, one on each of the three C chains. The catalytic subunits have enzymatic activity but are not sensitive to the modulator CTP.  3, record 12, English, - catalytic%20subunit

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lorsque la molécule native d'ATCase est dissociée en un mélange de ses sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices, ce mélange fait toujours montre d'activité catalytique, mais la réaction n'est pas inhibée par le CTP tant que les sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices sont séparées les unes des autres. Pour que l'inhibition par le CTP puisse avoir lieu, il faut que les sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices soient physiquement associées dans la molécule oligomérique d'ATCase intacte.  1, record 12, French, - sous%2Dunit%C3%A9%20catalytique

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Blocks voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels and inhibits release of excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate...  2, record 13, English, - lamotrigine

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₉H₇Cl₂N₅  3, record 13, English, - lamotrigine

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₉H₇Cl₂N₅  2, record 13, French, - lamotrigine

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Known as the taste associated with glutamate and monosodium glutamate, umami is the Japanese word for ’delicious’ or 'savory’ but is regarded as broth-like or meaty tasting in Western cultures. The umami taste is most common in Asian foods, soups and stews, mushrooms, tomatoes and aged meats and cheeses.  2, record 14, English, - umami

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le goût peut être décrit par cinq composantes : le sucré, le salé, l'amer, l'acidité et l'«umami». L'umami provient d'une stimulation due aux acides aminés comme l'acide glutamique. Il n'est pas toujours caractéristique, mais il ne peut être ignoré surtout dans certaines saveurs dont il est la composante majeure. En plus de leurs propriétés gustatives, les composés umami jouent un rôle d'exhausteurs d'arôme.  1, record 14, French, - umami

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A Japanese condiment usually sprinkled on top of rice. [Which] consists of a mixture of sesame seeds, chopped seaweed, sugar, salt, and monosodium glutamate.  2, record 15, English, - furikake

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mélange d'épices que les Japonais saupoudrent sur le riz chaud.  2, record 15, French, - furikake

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Beet pulp is left after the sugar is extracted from the sliced beets. It is used extensively as a livestock feed. The waste waters pressed from beet pulp after the refining process yield monosodium glutamate, a chemical that has been used in food seasoning.  1, record 16, English, - beet%20pulp

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pulpes fraîches ou séchées de pommes de terres, de betteraves [...] utilisées pour l'alimentation du bétail.  2, record 16, French, - pulpe%20de%20betterave

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pulpe : Résidu pâteux du traitement de certains végétaux pour la fabrication des alcools, sucres, huiles, fécules [...]  2, record 16, French, - pulpe%20de%20betterave

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A bundle of axons that connects the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus.  1, record 17, English, - perforant%20path

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Glutamate pressure ejections in the vicinity of locus coeruleus(LC) neurons have been shown to produce both short and long-lasting potentiation of perforant path(PP) evoked population spike amplitude in the dentate gyrus(DG).  2, record 17, English, - perforant%20path

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le flux d'informations à travers l'hippocampe est unidirectionnel. Le circuit le plus simple est constitué d'une voie principale excitatrice trisynaptique mettant en jeu 4 groupes de neurones : les cellules pyramidales du cortex entorhinal envoient leurs axones, formant la voie perforante, vers le gyrus denté pour contacter les cellules granulaires.  1, record 17, French, - voie%20perforante

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A critical reaction in all organisms is the transfer of an amino group from one carbon skeleton to another by the process of transamination. Frequently, the most active exchange is between glutamate and aspartate.... This reaction is catalyzed by aspartate aminotransferase(also known as glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate-aspartate transaminase, and similar permutations).  2, record 18, English, - transamination

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On connaît maintenant la quasi-totalité des amino-transférases (transaminases) capables d'assurer la transamination de tous les amino-acides (E.C. 2.6.1....). Toutes ces transaminases fonctionnent avec un coenzyme commun, le phosphate de pyridoxal, selon un mécanisme moléculaire bien connu. Dans les cellules encaryotes, ces enzymes sont localisés à la fois dans le cytosol et dans les mitochondries : il en existe ainsi plusieurs variétés moléculaires séparables par électrofocalisation.  2, record 18, French, - transamination

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] disodium salt of 5’-guanylic acid.  5, record 19, English, - disodium%205%27%2Dguanylate

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The sodium salts disodium-5’-inosinate and disodium-5’-guanylate have a characteristic ’meat-like’ taste which they share with the more widely known taste additive monosodium glutamate(MSG).  6, record 19, English, - disodium%205%27%2Dguanylate

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le rapport Mitsui-Takeda, le produit dénommé ribotide est constitué par un mélange à parties égales de 5' inosinate disodique (abréviation 5',IMP) [et] 5' guanylate disodique (abréviation 5',GMP).  5, record 19, French, - 5%27%2Dguanylate%20disodique

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group form alanine to a-ketoglutarate to form glutamate and pyruvate, with pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor.  3, record 20, English, - alanine%20aminotransferase

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des transaminases spécifiques permettent à l'azote du glutamate d'être transféré sur des acides cétoniques avec formation correspondante d'acides aminés. Les plus courantes, la glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) ou alanine-cétoglutarate aminotransférase et la glutamate-oxaloacétate transaminase (GOT) [...] catalysent les réactions suivantes [...]  1, record 20, French, - glutamate%20pyruvate%20transaminase

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... toxicity trials were undertaken to examine the effects of petroleum on rates of glutamate utilization in bacteria. Physical laboratory experiments involved studies on the dynamics of oil in moving pack ice.  1, record 21, English, - dynamics%20of%20oil

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A selective antagonist of one type of glutamate receptor.  1, record 22, English, - aminophosphonovaleric%20acid

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Un antagoniste sélectif de l'un des types de récepteurs du glutamate qui bloque la potentialisation à long terme.  1, record 22, French, - acide%20aminophosphonoval%C3%A9rique

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...) restoration of blood flow with thrombolytic agents is the major area investigated, but other therapies such as glutamate agonists, calcium channel antagonists and free radical scavenger are being considered.  1, record 23, English, - free%20radical%20scavenger

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Phagocyte : Cellule possédant la propriété d'englober et de détruire, en les digérant, diverses particules étrangères, en particulier des micro-organismes pathogènes.  2, record 23, French, - phagocyte%20de%20radical%20libre

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The various chemical reactions involved in the conversion of dietary nutrients such as sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, and mineral elements into storage molecules such as triglycerides, glycogen, and proteins; into a large array of reaction intermediates such as glycoproteins, heteropolysaccharides, and phospholipids; or into special function molecules such as hormones, nucleotides, and vitamins.  1, record 24, English, - intermediary%20metabolism

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The term intermediary metabolism is used to refer to those biochemical reactions occurring in cells by which the many biochemical intermediates are formed and/or transformed into other products necessary for life. Glycolysis, for example, produces glucose-6-phosphate, which can be transformed into ribose, glucuronate, glycerol, pyruvate, oxo-glutarate, glutamate, ascorbic acid, etc. To produce the large number of intermediates requires intertwined metabolic pathways, all carefully regulated by allosteric enzymes and hormones.  1, record 24, English, - intermediary%20metabolism

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des phénomènes de dégradation (catabolisme) et de synthèse (anabolisme) qui permettent un cycle continu d'échanges entre la cellule et les substrats apportés par l'alimentation : glucides, lipide et protides.  1, record 24, French, - m%C3%A9tabolisme%20interm%C3%A9diaire

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les liaisons faibles, pour avoir une quelconque efficacité, ne peuvent agir qu'à courtes distances, et en grand nombre. Telles sont bien leurs caractéristiques, qui s'épanouissent au mieux dans les relations de complémentarité des formes : c'est le cas tout spécialement des relations entre l'enzyme et son substrat, l'antigène et son anticorps ou l'effecteur allostérique avec la protéine enzymatique en structure quaternaire. L'ensemble du métabolisme intermédiaire, dans son mécanisme intrinsèque comme dans sa régulation, dépend totalement de telles relations structurales.  2, record 24, French, - m%C3%A9tabolisme%20interm%C3%A9diaire

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Actuellement, ce terme désigne deux types de processus biochimiques : l'un, variable, avec les divers substrats; l'autre, appelé "système métabolique central", identique pour toutes les cellules animales et végétales : alimenté en petites molécules par le premier, il fournit à l'organisme l'énergie qui lui est nécessaire, mais aussi des matériaux pour des biosynthèses. Le système métabolique central, situé dans les mitochondries des cellules animales et végétales, comprend deux ensembles multienzymatiques associés aux structures mitochondriales : le cycle citrique et les chaînes d'oxydoréduction.  1, record 24, French, - m%C3%A9tabolisme%20interm%C3%A9diaire

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the Chinese restaurant syndrome... tightening of the muscles of the face and neck [experienced] in restaurants where monosodium glutamate is served in large amounts.  1, record 25, English, - Chinese%20restaurant%20syndrome

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le glutamate de sodium fut mis en cause dans le syndrome du restaurant Chinois (crispation des muscles du cou et du visage avec vertiges et nausées).  1, record 25, French, - syndrome%20du%20restaurant%20chinois

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Powder containing chicken, salt, chicken fat, monosodium glutamate, sugar, seasonings and whey powder.  1, record 26, English, - chicken%20base

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish