TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A medium containing peptone, lactose, dipotassium phosphate, agar, sodium sulfite, basic fuchsin, and distilled water. Originally developed for the isolation of Salmonella typhi, this medium is now most useful in the bacteriologic examination of water. Coliform organisms [namely Escherichia coli] ferment the lactose and their colonies become red and stain the surrounding medium [whereas] non-lactose-fermenting organisms [namely Salmonella sp.] produce clear, colorless colonies against the faint pink background of the medium.  3, record 1, English, - Endo%20agar

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Endo agar(also called Endo's medium) is a microbiological growth medium with a faint pink colour.... now used mostly as a coliform medium. Most gram-negative organisms grow well in this medium, while growth of gram-positive organisms is inhibited....  2, record 1, English, - Endo%20agar

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 OBS

A selective medium for the differentiation of lactose fermenting and lactose non-fermenting intestinal organisms according to Endo (1904). A standard method for the examination of drinking water and wastewater, dairy products and foodstuffs.  4, record 1, English, - Endo%20agar

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Endo agar; Endo’s medium; Endo medium; Endo fuchsin agar: named after a Japanese bacteriologist, Shigeru Endo (1869-1937).  5, record 1, English, - Endo%20agar

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mode d'emploi – Milieux en boîtes de Petri – Prêts à l'emploi : La BD Endo Agar (gélose Endo) est un milieu différentiel légèrement sélectif servant à l’isolement et à la différenciation des Enterobacteriaceae et de plusieurs autres bâtonnets Gram négatifs provenant d’échantillons cliniques. [BD : nom d'un fabricant.]  1, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20Endo

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Endo est le nom d'un milieu de culture utilisé en bactériologie pour l'isolement et l'identification des bactéries.  2, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20Endo

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

La couleur rose du milieu Endo est due à la fuchsine basique.  3, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20Endo

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 OBS

gélose Endo; milieu Endo : nommés d'après le bactériologue japonais Shigeru Endo (1869-1937).  3, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20Endo

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Culture bactérienne sur gélose Endo, en milieu Endo.  3, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20Endo

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Referring] to the inability of a bacterium to resist decolorization with alcohol after being treated with Gram’s crystal violet.  4, record 2, English, - gram%2Dnegative

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When bacteria are stained with certain basic dyes the cells of... Gram-negative species... can be easily decolorized with organic solvents such as ethanol or acetone; cells of Gram-positive species resist decolorization. The ability of bacteria to either retain or lose the stain generally reflects fundamental structural differences in the cell wall, and is an important taxonomic feature...  5, record 2, English, - gram%2Dnegative

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se dit d'un microorganisme qui se colore en rose par la coloration de Gram.  3, record 2, French, - gram%2Dn%C3%A9gatif

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Classification des bactéries en deux grands groupes par la méthode de Gram (bactéries qui retiennent la première coloration et pas la seconde, dites gram-positives; bactéries qui se décolorent à l'alcool et prennent la seconde coloration, dites gram-négatives).  4, record 2, French, - gram%2Dn%C3%A9gatif

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans les adjectifs composés gram-négatif, ive et gram-positif, ive, «gram» prend valeur d'élément de composition, et s'écrit en principe avec la minuscule. Toutefois, certains auteurs conservent l'orthographe Gram-négatif, Gram-positif. L'usage reste flottant en ce qui concerne le trait d'union et l'accord de négatif, positif; [on trouve] de nombreuses variantes (des bactéries gram-négatives, gram négatives, gram négatif, gram-négatif; des microorganismes gram-positifs, gram positifs, gram positif, etc.).  4, record 2, French, - gram%2Dn%C3%A9gatif

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

gram-négatif : Ce terme figure dans l'article «Gram» du Grand Robert électronique DMW.  5, record 2, French, - gram%2Dn%C3%A9gatif

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Dícese] del germen o bacteria que con la tinción de Gram pierde el colorante básico cristal violeta al ser tratado con alcohol y toma el color rojo de contraste.  3, record 2, Spanish, - gramnegativo

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a bacterial disease of lobsters, caused by the Gram-positive lactic acid bacterium Aerococcus viridans variety homari.  3, record 3, English, - gaffkemia%20of%20lobsters

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The causative agent of bacterial kidney disease(BKD) in salmonids, Renibacterium salmoninarum, is a Gram-positive slow-growing facultative intracellular pathogen.  2, record 4, English, - Renibacterium%20salmoninarum

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renibacterium salmoninarum: There is no common name for this species of bacteria.  3, record 4, English, - Renibacterium%20salmoninarum

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Renibacterium salmoninarum est une bactérie Gram positif en forme de bâtonnets qui semble infecter exclusivement les Salmonidés. [...] Le bactérie a une faible résistance dans l'environnement aquatique [...]  2, record 4, French, - Renibacterium%20salmoninarum

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renibacterium salmoninarum : Il n'y a pas de nom vernaculaire pour cette espèce de bactéries.  3, record 4, French, - Renibacterium%20salmoninarum

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bacteria Gram-positiva, diplo-bacilo, no móvil, que no forma esporas ni es ácido-alcohol resistente, con carácter intracelular y de crecimiento lento[,] agente causal de la enfermedad bacteriana del riñón [en salmónidos]  1, record 4, Spanish, - Renibacterium%20salmoninarum

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renibacterium salmoninarum: No existe nombre común para esta especie de bacteria.  2, record 4, Spanish, - Renibacterium%20salmoninarum

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Listeria monocytogenes [is a] gram-positive bacillus [that] is transmitted in contaminated food-including raw meat, poultry, and milk. Several groups of individuals have an increased risk of developing [listeriosis] including pregnant women, neonates, elderly persons, diabetics, and immunocompromised individuals.  1, record 5, English, - Listeria%20monocytogenes

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Listeriosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes.  1, record 5, English, - Listeria%20monocytogenes

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La listériose est une infection grave, d’origine alimentaire, due à la bactérie Listeria monocytogenes.  2, record 5, French, - Listeria%20monocytogenes

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A genus of aerobic, nonmotile bacteria(family Mycobacteriaceae) containing Gram-positive, acid-fast, slender, straight or slightly curved rods.  2, record 6, English, - Mycobacterium

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Mycobacterium: There is no common name for this species of bacteria.  3, record 6, English, - Mycobacterium

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Mycobacterium: This term should be written in italics.  3, record 6, English, - Mycobacterium

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Genre bactérien appartenant à la famille des Mycobacteriaceae, constitué de bacilles acidorésistants aérobies stricts [...]  1, record 6, French, - mycobact%C3%A9rie

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Nombre genérico de ciertas bacterias causantes de enfermedades como la tuberculosis y la lepra.  1, record 6, Spanish, - mycobacterium

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A large group of Gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria which form spores.  2, record 7, English, - sulphite%2Dreducing%20Clostridium

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Their natural habitat is the soil or the large intestine of man and animals. Most species are saprophytic organisms in the soil. Their spores can survive for long periods in faeces, soil, dust and water. Their presence in water can be used to detect remote or intermittent faecal pollution. They are able to reduce sulfites to sulfides.  2, record 7, English, - sulphite%2Dreducing%20Clostridium

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is possible to inject a disinfecting agent which will at all times insure a water supply completely free from putrid bacteria and pathogenic germs, in accordance with official standards and tests based on Escherichia coli, faecal streptococci and the sulphite reducing Clostridium.  1, record 7, English, - sulphite%2Dreducing%20Clostridium

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sulfite-reducing clostridia: term and definition standardized by ISO.  3, record 7, English, - sulphite%2Dreducing%20Clostridium

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Groupe important de bactéries Gram positives, anaérobies, qui forment des spores.  2, record 7, French, - Clostridium%20sulfito%2Dr%C3%A9ducteur

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Leur habitat naturel est le sol ou le gros intestin de l'homme ou des animaux. La plupart des espèces sont des organismes saprophytes dans le sol. Leurs spores peuvent survivre de longues périodes dans les fèces, le sol, la poussière et l'eau. Leur présence dans l'eau peut être utilisée pour détecter une pollution fécale ancienne ou intermittente. Ils sont capable de réduire les sulfites en sulfures.  2, record 7, French, - Clostridium%20sulfito%2Dr%C3%A9ducteur

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On peut injecter un stérilisant qui donne en permanence une eau exempte de bactéries putrides et de germes pathogènes, conformément aux normes et aux tests officiels basés sur Escherichia Coli, les streptocoques fécaux et les Clostridium sulfito-réducteurs.  1, record 7, French, - Clostridium%20sulfito%2Dr%C3%A9ducteur

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

clostridium sulfito-réducteurs : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  3, record 7, French, - Clostridium%20sulfito%2Dr%C3%A9ducteur

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Grupo importante de bacterias gram-positivas anaeróbicas que forman esporas.  1, record 7, Spanish, - Clostridium%20sulfito%20reductores

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Su habitat natural es el suelo o el intestino grueso del ser humano o de los animales. La mayoría de las especies son organismos saprofíticos en el suelo. Sus esporas pueden sobrevivir durante largos períodos en las heces, el suelo, el polvo y el agua. Su presencia en agua se puede usar para detectar contaminación fecal antigua o intermitente. Estas bacterias tienen capacidad de reducir los sulfitos a sulfuros.  1, record 7, Spanish, - Clostridium%20sulfito%20reductores

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An antibiotic produced by growth of Streptomyces aureofaciens in submerged cultures.  2, record 8, English, - chlortetracycline

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It has a wide antimicrobial spectrum, including many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, rickettsiae, and several viruses.  2, record 8, English, - chlortetracycline

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Active ingredient sold under the name Aureomycin (Wyeth-Ayerst).  3, record 8, English, - chlortetracycline

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Chemical formula: C₂₂H₂₃ClN₂O₈  3, record 8, English, - chlortetracycline

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antibiotique bactériostatique, produit par Streptomyces aureofaciens, se liant aux ribosomes bactériens, à large spectre d'activité.  1, record 8, French, - chlort%C3%A9tracycline

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Principe actif commercialisé sous le nom Auréomycine (Wyeth-Ayerst).  2, record 8, French, - chlort%C3%A9tracycline

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₂₂H₂₃ClN₂O₈  2, record 8, French, - chlort%C3%A9tracycline

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antibiótico perteneciente al grupo de las tetraciclinas.  2, record 8, Spanish, - clortetraciclina

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

El principio activo se vende bajo el nombre de aureomicina (Wyeth-Ayerst).  3, record 8, Spanish, - clortetraciclina

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Fórmula química: C₂₂H₂₃ClN₂O₈  3, record 8, Spanish, - clortetraciclina

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An antibiotic produced by the soil bacillus Amycolatopsis orientalis, which is highly effective against cocci, especially staphylococci, and other gram-positive bacteria...  3, record 9, English, - vancomycin%20hydrochloride

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Administered intravenously in the treatment of severe staphylococcal infections resistant to other antibiotics. It is administered orally in the treatment of staphylococcal enterocolitis and antibiotic-associated pseudo-membranous enterocolitis caused by Clostridium difficile.  3, record 9, English, - vancomycin%20hydrochloride

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Active ingredient sold under a large number of commercial (trade) names, among which: Diatracin, Lyphocin, Vancocin, Vancocina, Vancocine, Vancoled, Vancor and Voncon.  4, record 9, English, - vancomycin%20hydrochloride

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Chemical formula: C₆₆H₇₆Cl₃N₉O₂₄  4, record 9, English, - vancomycin%20hydrochloride

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les études in vitro indiquent que le chlorhydrate de vancomycine exerce son action bactéricide par inhibition de la synthèse de la paroi cellulaire de nombreuses bactéries gram-positives. Certaines données indiquent également que la vancomycine altère la perméabilité de la membrane cellulaire et inhibe de façon sélective la synthèse de l'ARN.  1, record 9, French, - chlorhydrate%20de%20vancomycine

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Principe actif commercialisé, entre autres, sous les noms de Diatracin, Lyphocin, Vancocin, Vancocina, Vancocine, Vancoled, Vancor et Voncon.  2, record 9, French, - chlorhydrate%20de%20vancomycine

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₆₆H₇₆Cl₃N₉O₂₄  2, record 9, French, - chlorhydrate%20de%20vancomycine

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The production of ribosomally synthesized peptide antibiotics can be considered a successful strategy for mediating bacterial antagonistic relationships, as judged by its widespread occurrence among bacteria. These antibiotics are produced by gram-positive bacteria as well as by gram-negative bacteria and appear to share some features, such as their relatively small size and their mode of secretion into the extracellular medium, which is dependent on dedicated export mechanisms. Many of these antibiotics are synthesized as peptide precursors which are subsequently modified by other proteins whose determinants are linked to the antibiotic structural gene. Examples of modified peptide antibiotics are the lantibiotics and most microcins.  1, record 10, English, - ribosomally%20synthesized%20peptide

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La nisine est un peptide produit par synthèse ribosomique et qui subit une modification par post-traduction enzymatique donnant la forme mature de la bactériocine nécessaire pour son activité biologique.  1, record 10, French, - peptide%20produit%20par%20synth%C3%A8se%20ribosomique

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A semisynthetic penicillin for oral and parenteral use, having the same antibiotic spectrum of activity as penicillin G.  2, record 11, English, - ampicillin

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is active against gram-positive organisms, and even more effective against gram-negative bacteria.  2, record 11, English, - ampicillin

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pénicilline semi-synthétique de spectre étendu, qui résiste aux acides, non à la pénicillinase.  2, record 11, French, - ampicilline

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antibiótico derivado de la penicilina que impide el crecimiento bacteriano al interferir en la síntesis de la pared celular.  2, record 11, Spanish, - ampicilina

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A spherical bacterium, usually slightly less than 1 [muon] in diameter, belonging to the Micrococcaceae family.  2, record 12, English, - coccus

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is one of the three basic forms of bacteria, the other two being bacillus(rod-shaped) and spirillum(spiral-shaped). Almost all of the pathogenic cocci are either staphylococci, which occur in clusters, or streptococci, which occur in short or long chains. Both staphylococci and streptococci are gram-positive and do not form spores.  2, record 12, English, - coccus

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bactérie de forme arrondie.  2, record 12, French, - coque

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les cocci peuvent être isolés ou bien groupés en forme de grappes de raisin (staphylocoques), en chaînettes (streptocoques), ou accolés par deux (diplocoques), par quatre (tetracoques ou tétragènes), etc. Leur forme peut être sphérique, ovoïde ou réniforme (méningocoque, gonocoque).  2, record 12, French, - coque

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Pluriel : des coccus ou des cocci.  3, record 12, French, - coque

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 OBS

coccus (sing.); coccus (pl.) : Ces graphies, puisées des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, sont attestées dans le Petit Robert (2004).  4, record 12, French, - coque

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bacteria de forma esférica.  2, record 12, Spanish, - coco

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An obligate anaerobic or microaerophilic, Gram-positive, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacillus that is one of the most common causes of infection of the large bowel(colon).  2, record 13, English, - Clostridium%20difficile

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

C. difficile is now recognized as the chief cause of nosocomial (hospital-acquired) diarrhea. ... Patients taking antibiotics are at risk of becoming infected with C. difficile as antibiotics disrupt the normal bacteria of the bowel and allow C. difficile bacteria to become established in the colon. ... Many persons infected with C. difficile bacteria have no symptoms; these people become carriers of the bacteria and can infect others. In other people, a toxin produced by C. difficile causes diarrhea, abdominal pain, severe inflammation of the colon (colitis), fever, an elevated white blood count, vomiting and dehydration.  2, record 13, English, - Clostridium%20difficile

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bactérie constituée de bacilles à Gram positif, anaérobies stricts, sporulés et agent de la colite pseudomembraneuse.  3, record 13, French, - Clostridium%20difficile

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chez les nouveau-nés et chez les jeunes enfants, les pathologies à Clostridium difficile sont rares alors que le portage de souches toxinogènes existe et que la concentration en toxines dans les selles peut être comparable à celle des adultes malades. [...] Chez les adultes, la situation est totalement différente et Clostridium difficile est principalement responsable de colites pseudomembraneuses et de diarrhées consécutives à une prise d'antibiotiques. Dans la très grande majorité des cas les maladies à Clostridium difficile sont donc des maladies iatrogènes et notamment des maladies nosocomiales. Les antibiotiques agissent en perturbant la composition des flores intestinales et en permettant la colonisation de l'intestin par des souches endogènes ou plus fréquemment exogènes. À l'exception des aminosides administrés par voie parentérale, pratiquement tous les antibiotiques peuvent favoriser la survenue d'une infection à Clostridium difficile.  4, record 13, French, - Clostridium%20difficile

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Class of DNA element composed of a DNA integrase gene adjacent to a recombination site, at which one or more genes can be found inserted. Frequently, antibiotic resistance genes are found inserted in integron sites in samples of resistant Gram-positive bacteria.  2, record 14, English, - integron

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Élément d'ADN composé de sous-unités situé sur divers plasmides, souvent sur des transposons et qui produit l'intégrase impliquée dans le processus de la transmission de la résistance aux antibiotiques.  2, record 14, French, - int%C3%A9gron

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Structure génétique capable de transférer des gènes d'un microorganisme à un autre.  2, record 14, French, - int%C3%A9gron

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of cephaloridine or cephalothin, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.  2, record 15, English, - cephalexin

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₆H₁₇N₃O[subcript 4]S  3, record 15, English, - cephalexin

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une des céphalosporines administrées par voie orale.  2, record 15, French, - c%C3%A9falexine

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₆H₁₇N₃O₄S  3, record 15, French, - c%C3%A9falexine

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₆H₁₇N₃O₄S  2, record 15, Spanish, - cefalexina

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.  2, record 16, English, - cefmetazole

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₅H₁₇N₇O[subcript 5]S₃  3, record 16, English, - cefmetazole

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₅H₁₇N₇O₅S₃  2, record 16, French, - cefm%C3%A9tazole

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₅H₁₇N₇O₅S₃  2, record 16, Spanish, - cefmetazolo

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, gonorrhea, and haemophilus.  2, record 17, English, - cefuroxime

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₆H₁₆N₄O[subcript 8]S  3, record 17, English, - cefuroxime

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des études in vitro démontrent que l'action bactéricide du céfuroxime résulte de l'inhibition des enzymes transpeptidase et carboxypeptidase diminuant ainsi la synthèse de la paroi cellulaire.  2, record 17, French, - c%C3%A9furoxime

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₆H₁₆N₄O₈S  3, record 17, French, - c%C3%A9furoxime

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₆H₁₆N₄O₈S  2, record 17, Spanish, - cefuroximo

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A semisynthetic penicillin,... effective against gram-negative bacteria, such as susceptible strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, indole-positive Proteus species, certain strains of Escherichia coli, and haemophilus influenzae; it also inhibits the growth of some gram-positive pathogens.  3, record 18, English, - carbenicillin

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₇H₁₈N₂O₆S  4, record 18, English, - carbenicillin

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la résistance simultanée de «Escherichia coli» à l'ampicilline et à la carbénicilline est le plus souvent due à la biosynthèse d'une B-lactamase [...] très active sur les antibiotiques.  2, record 18, French, - carb%C3%A9nicilline

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Antibiotique.  3, record 18, French, - carb%C3%A9nicilline

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₇H₁₈N₂O₆S  4, record 18, French, - carb%C3%A9nicilline

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Penicilina semisintética [...] que pertenece a la familia de las carboxipenicilinas [...] con un efecto bactericida selectivo sobre la flora gramnegativa (Proteus, E. coli), enterobacterias (Klebsiella, Enterobacter) y en especial el bacilo piociánico (Pseudomonas aeruginosa).  1, record 18, Spanish, - carbenicilina

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₇H₁₈N₂O₆S  2, record 18, Spanish, - carbenicilina

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.  3, record 19, English, - cephapirin

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₇H₁₇N₃O[subcript 6]S₂  4, record 19, English, - cephapirin

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Céphalosporine partiellement lié au plasma, efficace contre les organismes à Gram négatif et Gram positif.  2, record 19, French, - c%C3%A9fapirine

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₇H₁₇N₃O₆S₂  3, record 19, French, - c%C3%A9fapirine

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₇H₁₇N₃O₆S₂  2, record 19, Spanish, - cefapirina

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.  2, record 20, English, - cefotetan

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₇H₁₇N₇O[subcript 8]S₄  3, record 20, English, - cefotetan

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Céphamycine semi-synthétique administré par voie intraveineuse ou intramusculaire. Très résistant à un large spectre de bêta-lactamases et actif contre une grande variété d'organismes à Gram positif et à Gram négatif aérobies et anaérobies.  1, record 20, French, - c%C3%A9fot%C3%A9tan

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₇H₁₇N₇O₈S₄  2, record 20, French, - c%C3%A9fot%C3%A9tan

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₇H₁₇N₇O₈S₄  2, record 20, Spanish, - cefotet%C3%A1n

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic which can be administered intravenously or by suppository. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It has few side effects and is reported to be safe and effective in aged patients and in patients with hematologic disorders.  2, record 21, English, - ceftizoxime

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₃H₁₃N₅O[subcript 5]S₂  3, record 21, English, - ceftizoxime

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Antibiotique semi-synthétique de la famille des céphalosporines, administré par voie intraveineuse ou en suppositoires. Très résistant à un large spectre de bêta-lactamases et actif contre une grande variété d'organismes à gram-positif et à gram-négatif aérobies et anaérobies. Il a peu d'effets secondaires et est efficace chez les patients âgés et chez les patients avec troubles hématologiques.  2, record 21, French, - ceftizoxime

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₃H₁₃N₅O₅S₂  3, record 21, French, - ceftizoxime

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₃H₁₃N₅O₅S₂  2, record 21, Spanish, - ceftizoxima

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gatifloxacin(Tequin) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial fluoroquinolone with activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms and is also effective against clinically important atypical microorganisms.  2, record 22, English, - gatifloxacin

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Active ingredient sold under the names Tequin (Bristol-Myers Squibb) and Zymar (Allergan).  3, record 22, English, - gatifloxacin

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₉H₂FN₃O₄  3, record 22, English, - gatifloxacin

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La gatifloxacine (Tequin) est une fluoroquinolone antibactérienne à large spectre qui agit contre les micro-organismes aérobies et anaérobies gram-négatifs et gram-positifs et qui est aussi efficace contre les micro-organismes atypiques importants sur le plan clinique.  1, record 22, French, - gatifloxacine

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Principe actif commercialisé sous les noms Tequin (Bristol-Myers Squibb) et Zymar (Allergan).  2, record 22, French, - gatifloxacine

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₉H₂₂FN₃O₄  2, record 22, French, - gatifloxacine

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Glycopeptide antibiotic complex from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus active against gram-positive bacteria.  2, record 23, English, - teicoplanin

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Anti-bacterial agent.  2, record 23, English, - teicoplanin

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₈₈H₉₅Cl₂N₉O₃₃  3, record 23, English, - teicoplanin

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Antibactérien.  2, record 23, French, - t%C3%A9icoplanine

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₈₈H₉₅Cl₂N₉O₃₃  3, record 23, French, - t%C3%A9icoplanine

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chlortetracycline hydrochloride.... an antibacterial(effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria) and... a feed additive to promote growth in calves, pigs and poultry.  1, record 24, English, - chlortetracycline%20hydrochloride

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chemical formula: C₂₂H₂₄Cl₂N₂O₈  2, record 24, English, - chlortetracycline%20hydrochloride

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chlorhydrate de chlortétracycline. Mécanismes d'action. Action sur la synthèse protéique des bactéries en inhibant la fixation de l'aminoacyl-T-RNA sur le ribosome 30S.  2, record 24, French, - chlorhydrate%20de%20chlort%C3%A9tracycline

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₂₂H₂₄Cl₂N₂O₈  3, record 24, French, - chlorhydrate%20de%20chlort%C3%A9tracycline

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₂₂H₂₄Cl₂N₂O₈  2, record 24, Spanish, - clorhidrato%20de%20clortetraciclina

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

an intermediate spectrum macrolide antibiotic [...] produced by Streptomyces erythreus, occurring as a slightly yellow, crystalline powder, effective against most gram-positive and certain gram-negative bacteria, such as Neisseria and Hemophilus influenzae, and against spirochetes, some rickettsias, and Entamoeba, and highly effective against Mycoplasma pneumoniae...  2, record 25, English, - erythromycin

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chemical formula: C₃₇H₆₇NO₁₂  3, record 25, English, - erythromycin

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antibiotique isolé en 1952 des produits du métabolisme de Streptomyces erythreus (champignon).  2, record 25, French, - %C3%A9rythromycine

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₃₇H₆₇NO₁₃  3, record 25, French, - %C3%A9rythromycine

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₃₇H₆₇NO₁₂  2, record 25, Spanish, - eritromicina

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ceforanide is a new cephalosporin with a longer elimination half-life than any currently available cephalosporin. Its activity is very similar to that of cefamandole, a second-generation cephalosporin, except that ceforanide is less active against most gram-positive organisms.  1, record 26, English, - ceforanide

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le céforanide et la céfonicide sont moins actifs que la céfazoline contre S. aureus et S. epidermidis.  1, record 26, French, - c%C3%A9foranide

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le genre du terme «céforanide» ne semble pas encore bien arrêté; il semble être employé au masculin dans la plupart des cas.  2, record 26, French, - c%C3%A9foranide

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A semisynthetic derivative of amplicillin C16H19N305S, effective against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.  1, record 27, English, - amoxicillin

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Used especially in the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of Hemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirbilis, Neisseria gonorrhoae, streptococci (including S. faecalis and S. pneumoniae), and nonpenicillinase-producing staphylococci. It is administered orally.  1, record 27, English, - amoxicillin

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pénicilline semi-synthétique qui s'emploie sous forme de trihydrate.  1, record 27, French, - amoxicilline

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par voie orale, on obtient rapidement un taux gérique élevé, permettant une action bactéricide importante.  1, record 27, French, - amoxicilline

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections.  2, record 28, English, - penicillin%20g

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on gamma-aminobutyric acid mediated synaptic transmission.  2, record 28, English, - penicillin%20g

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] utilisé pour traiter les infections provoquées par des micro-organismes sensibles, notamment les infections ORL, stomatologiques, respiratoires, cutanées, gynécologiques, digestives, etc. [...] Détruit certaines bactéries spécifiques en agissant sur leur capacité à produire de nouvelles parois cellulaires lors de leur multiplication et de leur croissance.  2, record 28, French, - p%C3%A9nicilline%20g

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The type genus of streptomycetaceae comprising numerous bacteria that produce chains of conidia from aerial hyphae and including some that form antibiotics as by-products of their metabolism.  3, record 29, English, - Streptomyces

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Unpleasant tastes and odours are usually due to the presence of very small quantities of secretions given off by microscopic algae, and chiefly by actinomycetes (Streptomycae, Nocardia, Micromonospora ...  4, record 29, English, - Streptomyces

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Streptomyces is a genus of Actinobacteria, a group of Gram-positive...  5, record 29, English, - Streptomyces

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Genre comprenant des bactéries qui forment un mycélium aérien non fragmenté.  2, record 29, French, - Streptomyces

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le plus souvent, les goûts et les odeurs désagréables des eaux naturelles sont dus à la présence [...] d'actinomycètes (genre Streptomyces, nocardia, Micromonospora [...] qui se développent au sein des eaux de surface ou sur le fond des lacs et des rivières [...] Ce phénomène [...] est souvent en liaison avec l'état de pollution organique de l'eau, la vie agricole [...]  3, record 29, French, - Streptomyces

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

De nombreux antibiotiques proviennent de différentes espèces de ce genre.  2, record 29, French, - Streptomyces

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A bacterium, frequently living on the skin or in the nose of a healthy person, that can cause illnesses ranging from minor skin infections (such as pimples, boils, and cellulitis) and abscesses, to life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis and septicemia.  2, record 30, English, - Staphylococcus%20aureus

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus, which appears as grape-like clusters when viewed through a microscope and as large, round, golden-yellow colonies, often with ß-hemolysis, when grown on blood agar plates. The golden appearance is the etymological root of the bacteria's name : aureus means "gold" in Latin.... Today, S. aureus has become resistant to many commonly used antibiotics.... Methicillin was the first antibiotic in its class to be used(it was introduced in 1959), but only two years later, the first case of methicillin-resistant S. aureus(MRSA) was reported in England.  2, record 30, English, - Staphylococcus%20aureus

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bactérie sphérique de petite taille, à Gram positif et disposés en amas (comme des grappes), responsable de nombreuses maladies telles que les infections cutanées ou viscérales, les toxi-infections alimentaires, les septicémies, etc.  4, record 30, French, - Staphylococcus%20aureus

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nitrofurazone [is] a topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial wounds, burns, ulcers, and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of trypanosomiasis.  1, record 31, English, - nitrofurazone

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nitrofuranes. [...] Molécules synthétiques (antiseptiques). [...] Plusieurs milliers de composés ont été décrits, parmi lesquels la nitrofurazone, la nitrofurantoïne, la nifuratel, la nifuroquine et la furazolidone sont utilisées pour leurs propriétés anti-bactériennes. [...]  1, record 31, French, - nitrofurazone

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gram-positive : Retaining the stain or resisting decolorization by alcohol in Gram's method of staining...  2, record 32, English, - gram%2Dpositive%20bacterium

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bacterias que al teñirlas con la tinción de Gram retienen el color básico cristal violeta. El color que toman estas bacterias es azul o morado.  1, record 32, Spanish, - bacteria%20gram%20positiva

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El estafilococo aureus dorado es una bacteria gram positiva que puede producir infecciones en las vias respiratorias [...]  1, record 32, Spanish, - bacteria%20gram%20positiva

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.  1, record 33, English, - streptococcus

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plural: streptococci.  2, record 33, English, - streptococcus

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Genre (Streptococcus ) de bactéries de forme sphérique (coccus ) groupées en chaînette.  1, record 33, French, - streptocoque

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Microorganismo que se agrupa en forma de cadenas, capaz de causar infecciones.  2, record 33, Spanish, - estreptococo

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Aislamiento de la gramicidina, el primer antibiótico; se consiguió con el enfoque ecológico de Dubos. Alimentó organismos del suelo con pneumococos, estafilococos y estreptococos hasta encontrar un microbio, el Bacillus brevis, que prosperaba en la dieta patógena.  3, record 33, Spanish, - estreptococo

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A genus of micrococci belonging to the family Micrococcaceae, order Eubacteriales. They are gram-positive and on agar produce white, yellow, or orange colored colonies. Some species are pathogenic causing suppurative conditions and elaborating endotoxins destructive to tissue cells. Some produce enterotoxins and are the cause of a common type of food poisoning.  1, record 34, English, - Staphylococcus

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bactérie Gram positive en forme de coques groupées en amas régulier.  3, record 34, French, - staphylocoque

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cocos gram positivos agrupados en racimos.  2, record 34, Spanish, - estafilococo

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Algunos] pueden causar diversas infecciones.  2, record 34, Spanish, - estafilococo

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A purified fraction of an aminoglycoside antibiotic complex... produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius..., bactericidal against many gram-negative and some gram-positive organisms. Administered intravenously or intramuscularly, as the sulfate salt...  2, record 35, English, - tobramycin

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A l'instar d'autres aminoglycosides, l'activité bactéricide de la tobramycine s'effectue par une inhibition spécifique de la synthèse normale de protéines dans la bactérie sensible, mais présentement, on connaît très peu ce mode d'action.  2, record 35, French, - tobramycine

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A polypeptide produced by the growth of a gram-positive, spore-forming organism belonging to the Licheniformis group of Bacillus subtilis. It is a whitish odorless hygroscopic powder, freely soluble in water, and used as an antibiotic for topical application or intramuscular injection; effective against susceptible gram-positive bacteria, gonococci, meningococci, and Entamoeba histolytica.  2, record 36, English, - bacitracin

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La bacitracine est surtout bactéricide pour les bactéries gram positives, y compris les organismes résistant à la pénicilline. [...] Combinée avec la polymyxine B ou la néomycine, la bacitracine sert à la suppression de flores bactériennes mixtes des lésions de surface. On ne l'utilise pas en thérapeutique systématique. La bacitracine est toxique pour le rein, causant de la protéinurie, de l'hématurie et de la rétention d'azote. Pour cette raison son administration systémique n'est pas souhaitable.  2, record 36, French, - bacitracine

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antibiótico del grupo producido por Bacillus subtilis.  2, record 36, Spanish, - bacitracina

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Se conocen las bacitracinas A, B, D, E y F.  2, record 36, Spanish, - bacitracina

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Relating to or produced by or containing bacilli.  1, record 37, English, - bacillary

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bacillus(pl. bacilli) : A genus of bacteria of the family Bacillaceae, including large aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, spore forming, rod shaped cells, the great majority of which are gram-positive and motile.  2, record 37, English, - bacillary

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui se rapporte à un bacille.  2, record 37, French, - bacillaire

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bacille: Nom donné à toutes les bactéries qui ont la forme d'un bâtonnet, soit isolé, soit articulé avec d'autres.  1, record 37, French, - bacillaire

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A polypeptide antibacterial antibiotic produced by Bacillus brevis; active locally against gram-positive bacteria.  3, record 38, English, - gramicidin

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antibiotique, isolé de la tyrothricine, actif sur les germes Gram positifs.  3, record 38, French, - gramicidine

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

«Gramacidin» : Gramicidin (Lundbeck)  2, record 38, French, - gramicidine

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 OBS

«Gramicidine» : Gramicidine (Sobio)  2, record 38, French, - gramicidine

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 3 OBS

«Gramidine» : Gramidine (Sobio)  2, record 38, French, - gramicidine

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 4 OBS

«Gramoderm» : Gramoderm (Schering)  2, record 38, French, - gramicidine

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cada uno de los antibióticos del grupo producido por Bacillus brevis. Su estructura química responde a la de péptidos cíclicos. El constituyente más importante del grupo, gramicidina S, es un decapéptido cíclico. El mecanismo de acción reside en su comportamiento desacoplador de la fosforilación oxidativa.  1, record 38, Spanish, - gramacidina

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A genus of gram-positive, catalase-positive, strictly aerobic cocci of the micrococcaceae; species occur as saprophytes and as parasites of animals, including man.  2, record 39, English, - micrococcus

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Medical bacteriologists often reserve the name staphylococcus for the potentially pathogenic Gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci, and use micrococcus for the saprophytes and commensals. This may be convenient but it is a practice to be avoided; the distinction between staphylococci and micrococci should be made(if at all) on scientific grounds, such as differences in the characters of the organisms, rather than on hypothetical pathogenicity or otherwise.  3, record 39, English, - micrococcus

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 OBS

plural: micrococci.  4, record 39, English, - micrococcus

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bactérie de forme ronde, non ciliée et immobile, Gram positif, proche de staphylococcus.  2, record 39, French, - microcoque

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A large ring molecule with many functional groups bonded to it  2, record 40, English, - macrolide

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term is applied to the antibiotic erythromycin, which is the most widely used of the macrolide group of antibiotics, characterized by a large lactone ring linked with novel amino sugars. Erythromycin inhibits protein synthesis and is active against gram-positive organisms.  2, record 40, English, - macrolide

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Structure lactonique macrocyclique pouvant comporter plusieurs substituants sur leur cycle : érythromycine, oléandomycine, spiramycine, carbomycine, etc.  2, record 40, French, - macrolide

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plasmids are self-replicating extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as in some yeast and other fungi.  2, record 41, English, - extrachromosomal%20deoxyribonucleic%20acid

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Plasmide :] Molécule d'ADN [acide désoxyribonucléique] extrachromosomique capable de se répliquer indépendamment et portant des caractères génétiques non essentiels à la cellule hôte.  2, record 41, French, - acide%20d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9ique%20extrachromosomique

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A genus of gram-positive bacteria of the Actinomycetaceae...  1, record 42, English, - Bifidobacterium

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Genre de bactérie lactique anaérobie, Gram +, hétérofermentive - appelée couramment flore bidide - étudiée par Tissier (1899-1906) sous le nom de Lactobacillus bifidus [...]  3, record 42, French, - Bifidobacterium