TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A submerged ridge, bank, or bar consisting of or covered by sand or other unconsolidated material, rising from the bed of a body of water to near the surface so as to constitute a danger to navigation.  2, record 1, English, - shoal

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Shoals commonly consist of sand, but they could be composed of any other granular material that the moving current meets on its way and can haul around including gravel, shingle, boulders, silt, cobble, and soil.  3, record 1, English, - shoal

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dépôt d'alluvions ou affleurement rocheux trop proche de la surface de l'eau pour permettre la navigation.  2, record 1, French, - haut%2Dfond

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le haut-fond est un banc de sable ou une barre rocheuse affleurant ou non à la surface de l'eau, mais sa profondeur est toujours faible. De ce fait, il constitue un réel danger pour la navigation.  3, record 1, French, - haut%2Dfond

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Barra de arena sumergida formada por la deposición natural en el lecho de un río.  1, record 1, Spanish, - banco%20de%20arena

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Granular material, generally soil, that is used to cover compacted solid waste in a sanitary landfill...  2, record 2, English, - cover%20material

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bien que les sites d'enfouissement de plus petite envergure ne puissent généralement pas se permettre de l'équipement de compactage dispendieux, les techniciens (ou opérateurs) peuvent utiliser la machinerie lourde disponible pour effectuer le compactage. Afin de conserver davantage la capacité, il est important d'utiliser les matériaux de recouvrement efficacement.  2, record 2, French, - mat%C3%A9riau%20de%20couverture

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A pavement that consists of] an upper thin bituminous layer(10 mm to 40 mm thickness) over one or more unbound granular layers on top of a well compacted soil subgrade.  2, record 3, English, - thin%20asphalt%20layer%20pavement

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thin asphalt layer (TAL) pavements are widely used in low volume road networks worldwide of scarcely populated areas.  2, record 3, English, - thin%20asphalt%20layer%20pavement

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A power-driven compaction device used to consolidate granular material such as soil, backfill, or unformed concrete.  3, record 4, English, - tamping%20rammer

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tamping rammer, structure. The torque generated by [the] engine or electric motor is transferred to reciprocating motion by [a] crank gear, which will pass it on [to the] vibrating foot (shoe) through [the] spring cylinder.  1, record 4, English, - tamping%20rammer

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Machine à air comprimé utilisée pour tasser le béton frais par chocs répétés à sa surface.  2, record 4, French, - dameur

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le dameur [...] est léger et convivial, et offre un impact optimal dans un ensemble léger, idéal pour les tranchées de câblage, de conduite et autres tranchées utilitaires.  3, record 4, French, - dameur

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A phenomenon that may occur during the compaction of fine soil with clay or silt, or granular material that contains too much moisture.  1, record 5, English, - mattress%20effect

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

After several passes with the compactor, the soil or granular material behaves like an elastic material, creating a wave that advances in front of the compactor. Proper compaction cannot be obtained without reducing the moisture content.  1, record 5, English, - mattress%20effect

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

mattress effect; bow wave; cushioning: terms and definition proposed by the World Road Association.  2, record 5, English, - mattress%20effect

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Phénomène pouvant se produire lors du compactage d'un sol fin argileux ou limoneux, ou d'une grave à teneur en eau trop élevée.  1, record 5, French, - effet%20de%20matelas

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Après quelques passes de compacteur, le sol ou la grave se comporte comme un matériau élastique, créant une vague qui avance devant le compacteur. Un compactage correct ne peut plus être obtenu sans que la teneur en eau soit diminuée.  1, record 5, French, - effet%20de%20matelas

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

effet de matelas; coussin de caoutchouc; panse de vache : termes et définition proposés par l'Association mondiale de la route.  2, record 5, French, - effet%20de%20matelas

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The erosion by percolating water in a layer of subsoil, resulting in caving and in the formation of narrow conduits, tunnels, or "pipes" through which soluble or granular soil material is removed.  4, record 6, English, - piping

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

piping: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  5, record 6, English, - piping

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Affouillement localisé du sol provoqué soit par une pression d'écoulement ascendante (renard par soulèvement), soit par érosion souterraine régressive.  5, record 6, French, - renard

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mise en mouvement des grains à l'aval d'une masse de matériaux meubles soumise à un écoulement d'eau se traduit effectivement par la formation d'un trou qui progresse très rapidement de l'aval vers l'amont, prenant la forme du terrier d'un animal; c'est la raison pour laquelle ce phénomène a reçu le nom de renard.  6, record 6, French, - renard

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

formation de renard; renard : termes en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  7, record 6, French, - renard

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pavement of any kind composed of brick, flagstones, or the like set in mortar or sand.  2, record 7, English, - modular%20pavement

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plastic web and plastic block modular pavement(heavy-grade plastic cellular confinement systems filled with native granular soil) will also be installed on the CES St. Thomas office driveway and parking area, respectively, to demonstrate its ability, as compared to gravel or bare soil, in reducing stormwater runoff and erosion and also to evaluate its durability.  1, record 7, English, - modular%20pavement

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les revêtements des voies piétonnes, à l'exception de l'asphalte, sont des éléments modulaires.  2, record 7, French, - rev%C3%AAtement%20en%20%C3%A9l%C3%A9ments%20modulaires

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The use of a power-driven tool to compact soil or other granular material.  5, record 8, English, - tamping

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pun: To ram wet concrete or earth with a rod or punner so as to consolidate it by driving the air out.  6, record 8, English, - tamping

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Compactage d'un sol ou d'un revêtement (pavés, asphalte, béton) par percussion.  2, record 8, French, - damage

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Damer. Tasser le sol par pilonnage, pour le rendre compact.  2, record 8, French, - damage

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

chlorpyrifos... White granular crystal... Used as a soil insecticide for control of wireworms, corn rootworms and cutworms, as a dormant application for control of peach tree borer, and as a slurry seed treatment for control of seed corn maggot.  7, record 9, English, - chlorpyrifos

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chlorpyrifos: term standardized by ISO.  8, record 9, English, - chlorpyrifos

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl) phosphorothioate: The capital letters "O" must be italicized.  2, record 9, English, - chlorpyrifos

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Chemical formula: C₉H₁₁Cl₃NO₃PS  9, record 9, English, - chlorpyrifos

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chlorpyrifos : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  3, record 9, French, - chlorpyrifos

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

En France le nom commun «chlorpyriphos-éthyl» a été accepté.  4, record 9, French, - chlorpyrifos

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

phosphorothioate de O,O-diéthyle et de O-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yle) : les lettres majuscules «O» s'écrivent en italique.  2, record 9, French, - chlorpyrifos

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Formule chimique : C₉H₁₁Cl₃NO₃PS  3, record 9, French, - chlorpyrifos

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Factors influencing the filtration performance of geotextile can be classified into four categories-external conditions(hydraulic gradient and loading state) ;(bio) chemical conditions of fluent(pH, hardness(e. g. [Fe], [Mn], [Mg], [Ca]), redox potential(Eh) for iron ochre, BOD and COD of water(substrate type/concentration), osmotic pressure and dissolved oxygen) ;the properties of basement material(coefficient of uniformity(Cu), coefficient of gradation(Cc), plastic index(PI), double hydrometer ratio(DHR) for dispersive clay, particle shape and grain hardness for granular soil, compaction degree of soil and saturation degree) ;and the properties of geotextile(filtration opening size(FOS), apparent opening size(AOS), fiber density, textile bulk density(mass/area), porosity, thickness and fiber material)... screen test results clearly indicated that the height of self filtration is proportional to the constriction size(D_c) of granular filter used. Additionally, they suggested the filter opening size value should be within the range between d₅₀ and d₈₀ for linearly graded soil and within the flat range in gap graded soil.  2, record 10, English, - opening%20size

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Symbol: O_f  3, record 10, English, - opening%20size

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Compare with "apparent opening size (AOS)" and "filtration opening size (FOS)."  3, record 10, English, - opening%20size

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour les géotextiles utilisés comme filtres, on mesurera par commodité la probabilité de passage des particules de sol d'un diamètre connu. On assimile ainsi le géotextile à un tamis. On enregistre la taille maximale des particules traversant le tamis, mesure assimilée à un diamètre, d'où l'expression «diamètre de filtration». Plusieurs principes et méthodes sont actuellement utilisés pour définir cette caractéristique : tamisage à sec de billes de verre calibrées [...]; tamisage à sec de particules de sol [...]; tamisage de sol à l'humide [...]; tamisage de sol sous régime hydrodynamique.  4, record 10, French, - ouverture%20de%20filtration

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Géotextiles. Détermination du diamètre d'ouverture de filtration. [Norme ONGC (Office des normes générales du Canada) 148.1, septembre 1994.]  3, record 10, French, - ouverture%20de%20filtration

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'ouverture O_f de filtration du géotextile est conventionnellement exprimée par le d₉₅ du sol.  1, record 10, French, - ouverture%20de%20filtration

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

On parle d'ouverture de filtration déterminée par tamisage à sec (en anglais : AOS; apparent opening size) et d'ouverture de filtration déterminée par tamisage hydrodynamique (en anglais : FOS; filtration opening size). L'expression «diamètre d'ouverture de filtration» est pléonastique. Renseignements obtenus d'un professeur de l'École polytechnique de Montréal, qui donne un cours intitulé «Mécanique des sols expérimentale».  5, record 10, French, - ouverture%20de%20filtration

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Determination of the grading of a granular soil by using a series of standard sieves.  2, record 11, English, - sieve%20analysis

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plural: sieve analyses.  3, record 11, English, - sieve%20analysis

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Détermination de la granulométrie d'un sol au moyen d'une série de tamis.  2, record 11, French, - analyse%20granulom%C3%A9trique

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

analyse granulométrique : terme et définition uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de terminologie du génie.  3, record 11, French, - analyse%20granulom%C3%A9trique

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A term applicable to a granular non-cohesive soil and equals approximately the angle of repose for clean sand. It is given by the angle between the abscissa and the tangent of the curve showing the relationship of shearing resistance to normal stress acting within a soil mass.  2, record 12, English, - angle%20of%20internal%20friction

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Symbol [phi].  2, record 12, English, - angle%20of%20internal%20friction

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

angle of internal friction: A term synonymous with angle of shearing resistance but normally limited to cohesionless soils ...  3, record 12, English, - angle%20of%20internal%20friction

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Compare with "angle of shearing resistance."  4, record 12, English, - angle%20of%20internal%20friction

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

L'angle maximal d'obliquité entre la contrainte normale et la contrainte résultante agissant sur une surface à l'intérieur d'un sol ou d'une roche.  4, record 12, French, - angle%20de%20frottement%20interne

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Angle de talus naturel : Angle sur l'horizontale que fait le talus d'un tas de sable sec, obtenu par déversement du matériau au sommet du tas. Pour un sable peu compact, cet angle est à peu de choses près égal à son angle de frottement interne.  5, record 12, French, - angle%20de%20frottement%20interne

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A blanket of pervious material constructed at the foundation from the impervious zone to the landside in a levee or downstream side of an earth dam, to permit the discharge of seepage and to minimize the possibility of piping failure, either of the blowout or subsurface erosion type.  1, record 13, English, - horizontal%20drainage%20blanket

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Normally a granular drainage blanket is provided over the area treated with vertical drains in order to facilitate the dissipation of porewater at ground surface level. As the underlying compressible soil is usually unable to directly support construction plant, the drainage blanket should also function as a foundation platform for the construction plant. It is advisable to use a geotextile sheet beneath the drainage blanket to prevent loss of granular material into the soft deposits or a foundation failure under the load imposed by construction plant.  4, record 13, English, - horizontal%20drainage%20blanket

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Couche drainante placée directement sur le sol dans la partie aval d'un barrage en terre pour collecter les eaux susceptibles de provenir du sous-sol.  5, record 13, French, - tapis%20drainant

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Couche constituée de matériaux perméables mise en place derrière un ouvrage (mur enterré, soutènement) ou sous un ouvrage (radier, dallage, route, barrage) pour faciliter l'écoulement de l'eau du sol et éviter en particulier sa mise en pression.  6, record 13, French, - tapis%20drainant

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mettons en place, à 40 cm de profondeur, sur 20 cm d'épaisseur, en pente, vers le point bas de la rocaille, une couche drainante à base de pierrailles, de tessons, de sable caillouteux ...  7, record 13, French, - tapis%20drainant

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A loose, finely granular, or powdery layer on the surface of the soil, usually produced by shallow cultivation, and also by deposition.  1, record 14, English, - dust%20mulch

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Au Manitoba, le "dust mulch" consiste à tenir la surface du sol du jardin bien meuble, par des binages répétés. Ce genre de paillis n'est pas pratique, car le terrain se croûte.  1, record 14, French, - paillis%20de%20terre%20meuble

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Artificial increase of the dry density of a granular soil by mechanical means such as rolling the surface layers, or for deep compaction driving sand piles, vibroflotation, or impact methods.  1, record 15, English, - compaction

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération de terrassement qui a pour but d'augmenter la densité sèche d'un sol, en chassant l'air qu'il contient, par pressage des molécules solides et liquides.  7, record 15, French, - compactage

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Compactage. La résistance d'un sol et sa déformabilité sont fonction du serrage des grains, de la densité du milieu. On améliore les caractéristiques d'un sol, en vue de son emploi en fondation de route [...] par le compactage.  8, record 15, French, - compactage

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Filters. Protective granular blankets comprising one or more layers of free-draining sand-gravel material placed on a subgrade or around a well casing to allow water to seep or flow from the soil but at the same time to prevent the washing-out of fines and erosion of the soil.  3, record 16, English, - granular%20blanket

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Placement of rip-rap size material may need a granular cushion to prevent damage to the fabric.  2, record 16, English, - granular%20blanket

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si le géotextile est placé sous enrochement, il peut s'avérer nécessaire de le protéger au moyen d'un coussin granulaire.  2, record 16, French, - couverture%20de%20mat%C3%A9riaux%20granulaires

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A trade name for a geotechnical process for compacting clean sands and gravel. The vibrations are produced by a cylinder ... which is lowered into the ground. The vibrations are combined with water jets at both ends of the cylinder to achieve a high degree of compaction.  1, record 17, English, - Vibroflotation

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vibroflotation involves the use of a vibrating probe that can penetrate granular soil to depths of over 100 feet. The vibrations of the probe cause the grain structure to collapse thereby densifying the soil surrounding the probe. To treat an area of potentially liquefiable soil, the vibroflot is raised and lowered in a grid pattern. Vibro Replacement(right, HB) is a combination of vibroflotation with a gravel backfill resulting in stone columns, which not only increases the amount of densification, but provides a degree of reinforcement and a potentially effective means of drainage.  2, record 17, English, - Vibroflotation

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique d'amélioration d'un sol pulvérulent dans sa masse; elle consiste à introduire verticalement dans le sol un générateur de vibrations entretenues qui provoquent la liquéfaction du sol, suivie d'un réarrangement des grains correspondant à une plus grande compacité.  4, record 17, French, - vibroflottation

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Said of a soil with a high shrink-swell potential in the surface layer so that it cracks into a granular mulch when it dries.  2, record 18, English, - self%2Dmulching

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La propriété de certaines argiles de former, sous l'influence de ces phénomènes [du gel et du dégel], une couche superficielle meuble et grenue, est dénommée par les auteurs anglo-saxons: "self mulching", que l'on peut traduire par "autofoisonnement" ou "autobrassage".  2, record 18, French, - autopaillage

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The development of the use of fibers, threads ... and minigrids ... directly combined with soil has already led to a new design concept, microreinforcement, in addition to the concept of macroreinforcement already in use.... Microgeosynthetics. Use of these small elements such as filaments, threads, and minigrids will not be limited exclusively to reinforcement. One may envision using them for filtration ....  1, record 19, English, - minigrid

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Mesh elements are another form of reinforcement that can be used with soil to form a true reinforced soil composite. These are small chopped pieces of geotextile net about 40 mm x 40 mm... sometimes known as microgrids.... Laboratory CBR [California bearing ratio] and triaxial tests indicate that mixing the mesh elements into granular soil produces a composite with greater strength than the soil alone.  2, record 19, English, - minigrid

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Grille: Produit constitué d'une superposition ou d'un entrecroisement, ou d'un liage de fils, filaments, bandelettes (à l'exclusion de points de nouage), etc. et présentant une structure ouverte, les ouvertures ayant des dimensions très supérieures aux dimensions apparentes des constituants.  3, record 19, French, - minigrille

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Association with Geotextiles and Geomembranes. Except in a few locations where they are in contact with coarse granular materials such as gravel, nets used for drainage are never put in direct contact with soil. Fine soil particles would rapidly penetrate net openings and hamper flow of liquids or gases. In most cases nets used for drainage are in contact with structural elements(concrete, sheet piles, lagging), geotextiles, or geomembranes. Nets, geotextiles and geomembranes can be supplied independently and installed successively. Composites comprising nets, geotextiles and/or geomembranes are also available or can be custom fabricated.  2, record 20, English, - associated%20material

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Couche de matière organique, ou minérale, généralement tissée, non tissée, tricotée, continue ou alvéolaire, et placée en dessus ou en dessous de la géomembrane, pour la formation d'une géomembrane composée.  1, record 20, French, - mat%C3%A9riau%20associ%C3%A9

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Géomembrane composée: Produit manufacturé par superposition et assemblage de plusieurs composants dont au moins une géomembrane. Les composants autres que la géomembrane sont dénommés matériaux associés; ils ne sont pas séparables de la géomembrane sans altération de celle-ci.  1, record 20, French, - mat%C3%A9riau%20associ%C3%A9

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Retention criterion.... Criteria for granular filters can be found in many text book on soil mechanics.... In these criteria, which have been drawn up on the basis of laboratory tests, a defined grain size is often compared with a pore diameter of the filter. The behaviour of soil material, especially in the case of cohesive soils, is a far too complicated phenomenon to be predicted only from the grain-size distribution. Because of this there is little to be gained by enumerating a large number of sometimes contradictory criteria for both granular and synthetic filter materials.  3, record 21, English, - retention%20criterion

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Since there are three mechanisms through which a geotextile performs the filtration function, there should be three criteria for the relevant geotextile properties: 1. Criterion for minimum permeability ("permeability criterion") ... 2. Criterion for maximum opening size ("retention criterion") ... 3. Criterion for minimum percent open area (wovens) or minimum porosity (nonwovens) ("nonclogging criterion") ....  2, record 21, English, - retention%20criterion

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Criterion: plural: criteria, criterions.  4, record 21, English, - retention%20criterion

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans sa proposition de dimensionnement d'un filtre géotextile de rétention d'un sol meuble, J.P. Giroud exprime la compacité du sol par sa densité relative D_r (...), déterminée par essais de laboratoire, en distinguant entre un sol lâche, moyennement compact et compact. A défaut d'essais de laboratoire, on peut faire in situ une estimation de la compacité du sol à l'aide de tests simples (...) La stabilité de la structure d'un sol dépend, davantage encore que de D_r, du coefficient d'uniformité C_u. Les critères de rétention d'un sol meuble sont définis dans le tableau 57 où le seul paramètre conduisant au choix du géotextile est le diamètre de filtration (...)  1, record 21, French, - crit%C3%A8re%20de%20r%C3%A9tention

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Normally a granular drainage blanket is provided over the area treated with vertical drains in order to facilitate the dissipation of porewater at ground surface level. As the underlying compressible soil is usually unable to directly support construction plant, the drainage blanket should also function as a foundation platform for the construction plant. It is advisable to use a geotextile sheet beneath the drainage blanket to prevent loss of granular material into the soft deposits or a foundation failure under the loads imposed by construction plant.  1, record 22, English, - granular%20drainage%20blanket

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Drainage sous dalle de béton [...] : matelas drainant servant à collecter et à évacuer l'eau qui pourrait s'accumuler sous une dalle de béton de sous-sol. Fonction du géotextile [...] Drain : le géotextile collecte et évacue l'eau qui s'accumule sous la dalle de sous-sol, évitant ainsi des remontées d'humidité. Filtre : le géotextile doit assurer sa propre protection contre le colmatage ou empêcher le colmatage du matelas drainant granulaire. Séparation : le géotextile évite l'interpénétration du gravier drainant, ou du béton, et du sol support; il contribue ainsi au maintien de l'intégrité de ce gravier ou du béton.  2, record 22, French, - matelas%20drainant%20granulaire

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Couche drainante : Couche constituée de matériau perméable mise en place derrière un ouvrage (mur enterré, soutènement) ou sous un ouvrage (radier, dallage, route, barrage) pour faciliter l'écoulement de l'eau du sol et éviter en particulier sa mise en pression. Synonyme : tapis drainant, matelas drainant.  3, record 22, French, - matelas%20drainant%20granulaire

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of soil structure in which the peds are spheroids or polyhedrons that have little or no accommodation to surrounding peds, are porous, and range in size from less than 1.0 mm to 5 mm.  1, record 23, English, - crumb%20structure

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

American Soil Classification.  4, record 23, English, - crumb%20structure

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Medium granular structure is the equivalent in the Canadian System of Soil Classification, although the permeability factor is not taken into consideration.  4, record 23, English, - crumb%20structure

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La structure granulaire moyenne est une classe dans les types de structure du sol appartenant au type polyédrique, dont les particules sont disposées autour d'un point et délimitées par des surfaces arrondies et un sous-type de sol granulaire aux particules sphéroïdales avec arêtes arrondies de grandeur entre 2 et 5 mm.  2, record 23, French, - structure%20granulaire%20moyenne

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Selon le système canadien de classification des sols. Le critère de perméabilité du sol n'est pas mentionné ici.  2, record 23, French, - structure%20granulaire%20moyenne

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Subgrade restraint. For very weak soil terrain, a layer of fabric placed directly over the subgrade effectively reduces the depth of granular material necessary to support the weight of vehicles without rutting. For very weak soil with... a shear strength of less than 80 kPa, this application of fabric is cost effective.  1, record 24, English, - subgrade%20restraint

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Rôle de support. Un matériau posé sur un autre et soumis à des contraintes peut être incapable de résister seul aux efforts qu'il subit. C'est ainsi qu'une fine membrane de polyéthylène devant assurer l'étanchéité d'un bassin et reposant sur un lit de gros cailloux éclatera sous une forte pression d'eau, sa résistance à la traction-déchirure étant alors insuffisante. L'interposition d'un géotextile permet d'améliorer fortement ce comportement en assurant un rôle mécanique de protection (...)  2, record 24, French, - support%20de%20la%20couche%20de%20forme

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Figure 12. Structure anticontaminante pour couche de forme ou piste de chantier.  2, record 24, French, - support%20de%20la%20couche%20de%20forme

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A loose, finely granular, or powdery layer on the surface of the soil, usually produced by shallow cultivation, and also by deposition.  1, record 25, English, - dust%20mulch

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Couche superficielle meuble, à granulométrie fine ou pulvérulente, généralement produite par des façons culturales à faible profondeur et aussi par le dépôt des poussières.  1, record 25, French, - mulch%20de%20poussi%C3%A8re

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Polar stumping powder(...) is another granular explosive of the ammonia dynamite type. Due to its low velocity(about 6, 000 feet per second) it is particularly effective for stump blasting, sub-soiling, tree planting and for blasting frozen soil or gravel.(...) It has little resistance to water unless the cartridges shells are left intact.  1, record 26, English, - Polar%20stumping%20powder

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Produit fabriqué par C.I.L.  2, record 26, French, - Polar%20stumping%20powder

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish