TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Starting with the basics, red wine is an alcoholic beverage made by fermenting the juice of dark-skinned grapes. Red wine differs from white wine in its base material and production process.... During red wine production, the winemaker allows pressed grape juice, called must, to macerate and ferment with the dark grape skins, which adds color, flavor and tannin to the wine.  2, record 1, English, - red%20wine

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le vin rouge est une boisson alcoolisée obtenue par la fermentation du jus des raisins à la peau foncée. Il se distingue du vin blanc et rosé par les types de cépages utilisés et sa méthode de production. En effet, durant la vinification du vin rouge, le moût (= le jus de raisin pressé), macère et fermente avec la peau, c'est ce qui lui donne cette belle couleur rouge, son goût et son tanin. L'alcool n'apparaît qu'ensuite, lorsque la levure transforme le sucre du raisin en éthanol et en dioxyde de carbone.  2, record 1, French, - vin%20rouge

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Skin-fermented or skin-contact white wines are white wines that have had extended contact with grape skins. This is unique, because typically, white wines do not spend time on their skins during fermentation. When white wine grapes are pressed, only the juice is fermented. Whereas, when red wines and rosés are fermented and pressed, they spend time on the skins(much less time for rosés than for reds). This extended skin contact is what gives wines their color and tannin. [They are] often known as "orange wines" due to their color...  8, record 2, English, - orange%20wine

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Some orange wines are indeed orange, but some can be pale pink or deep amber. This comes down to the grape variety and the amount of time the juice spent with the skins.  9, record 2, English, - orange%20wine

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Un] vin orange est tout simplement un vin blanc qui est vinifié comme un vin rouge. Habituellement, un vin blanc est fait uniquement à partir de la pulpe du raisin sans ses autres parties solides. Le vin orange, lui, est fait à partir de raisins blancs qui ont fermenté avec leurs peaux et parfois leur rafle (c'est-à-dire la partie verte qui ressemble à des branches) de quelques semaines à plusieurs mois.  6, record 2, French, - vin%20orange

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

vin orange : La forme au pluriel est «vins orange».  7, record 2, French, - vin%20orange

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Clean-tillage involves inverting the soil so that most of the residue is buried. Moldboard plowing followed by preplant disking is a common clean-till procedure. Because crop residue is mostly buried, the soil surface is exposed to wind and rain, increasing the potential for erosion and a loss of soil moisture. Of the tillage systems discussed, clean-tillage carries the greatest wind and water erosion risks. Clean-tillage is not considered a conservation tillage system.  2, record 3, English, - clean%20cultivation

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Clean cultivation is common in grape culture and signs of surface erosion are prevalent in all vineyard fields. The effects of erosion are somewhat less severe on the soil areas above the escarpment since the slopes are shorter and less abrupt than on the bench sites.  3, record 3, English, - clean%20cultivation

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On parvient à réduire, mais non pas à éliminer l'érosion éolienne, parce que la culture propre (clean cultivation) est essentielle pour l'olivier dans ce milieu. En effet la couverture du sol par les herbes et leurs chaumes, est le meilleur moyen pour empêcher le déplacement du sable par le vent.  1, record 3, French, - culture%20propre

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] labranza limpia [...] Este sistema involucra acciones de inversión, mezcla y aflojamiento del suelo, y puede incorporar en algunos casos más del 90 % de los residuos vegetales superficiales.  2, record 3, Spanish, - cultivo%20limpio

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A plant of the family Polygonaceae.  6, record 4, English, - common%20seagrape

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Seagrape; sea grape; sea-grape : common names also used to refer to the species Ephedra distachya.  6, record 4, English, - common%20seagrape

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plante de la famille des Polygonaceae.  4, record 4, French, - raisinier%20bord%2Dde%2Dmer

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A plant of the family Ephedraceae.  5, record 5, English, - sea%20grape

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Sea grape; sea-grape; seagrape : common names also used to refer to the species Coccoloba uvifera.  6, record 5, English, - sea%20grape

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plante de la famille des Ephedraceae.  6, record 5, French, - %C3%A9ph%C3%A8dre%20%C3%A0%20chatons%20oppos%C3%A9s

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Viticulturists plan, supervise and coordinate the growing of selected grape varieties for the production of wine, dried fruit or table grapes.  3, record 6, English, - viticulturist

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Contrairement au vigneron, le viticulteur cultive la vigne et récolte le raisin, mais ne se charge pas de la vinification.  5, record 6, French, - viticulteur

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Considéré comme le «jardinier de la vigne», le viticulteur s'occupe de la plantation, de la croissance et du bien-être des vignes. Son rôle consiste principalement à produire le meilleur raisin possible ...  6, record 6, French, - viticulteur

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The solid residues remaining after grapes have been pressed to extract the juice.  5, record 7, English, - grape%20marc

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Grape pomace is a residue of grape processing in wine and juice [making], and it is estimated that it is 20 % of the total weight of the fruit of the grape, which represents a challenging waste disposal problem for the winery and grape juice industry...  6, record 7, English, - grape%20marc

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] ensemble des résidus [solides] issus du pressurage des raisins pour en extraire le jus.  2, record 7, French, - marc%20de%20raisin

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les marcs de raisin nécessitent un apport d'azote et d'énergie sous forme de concentré et de fibres longues de manière à réduire la vitesse de transit du marc au travers du rumen et améliorer sa digestibilité.  3, record 7, French, - marc%20de%20raisin

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Residuo sólido en la elaboración del vino.  1, record 7, Spanish, - marco

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A measure of the climate of a growing region calculated by adding the mean temperatures for each day (minus a base temperature) over a growing season.  2, record 8, English, - heat%20summation

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Grapes begin their growth cycle in the spring when average daily temperature is about 10 °C(50 °F). To reach maturity, they require a certain amount of heat above 10 °C during the growing season. This amount of heat, called the heat summation, is calculated by totalling the number of degrees of average daily temperature over 10 °C for each day of the growing season. A heat summation of about 1, 800 is required for successful growth. If the heat summation is less than required, the grapes will not ripen; they will reach the end of the growing season with insufficient sugar and too much acidity.... Where the heat summation is much greater than required,... the grapes mature earlier and with less acidity and colour than those produced under cooler conditions. Factors influencing the heat summation of a vineyard and, therefore, grape composition include exposure... air drainage..., soil temperature(above 10 °C during the growing season), and soil moisture content...  3, record 8, English, - heat%20summation

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For grapes, the base temperature is 50 degrees F (10 °C).  2, record 8, English, - heat%20summation

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'université de Davis a défini, à la suite de relevés effectués entre 1950 et 1960, cinq zones départageant climatiquement le vignoble californien. Ces zones ont été déterminées à partir de la somme des températures en degrés-jours relevées pendant la période de végétation, l'objectif étant au départ de permettre aux nouveaux vignerons de retenir un encépagement favorable au contexte climatique.  1, record 8, French, - somme%20des%20temp%C3%A9ratures%20en%20degr%C3%A9s%2Djours

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

De nombreuses études ont démontré que l'apparition des différents stades de développement de la vigne est fortement dépendante de la température [...] La température cumulée par la plante constitue un temps thermique lequel est exprimé en fonction de la somme de degrés-jours (DJ) calculés à partir des températures journalières et diminuées de la température physiologique de base de 10 °C, au-dessous de laquelle la croissance de la vigne est inhibée [...]  2, record 8, French, - somme%20des%20temp%C3%A9ratures%20en%20degr%C3%A9s%2Djours

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A wine made primarily from or exclusively from a single variety of grape...  4, record 9, English, - single%2Dvariety%20wine

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A French single-variety wine must be 100 per cent from the variety in question; but in many other countries there are regulated tolerances (75 or 85 per cent), or indeed no regulation at all.  1, record 9, English, - single%2Dvariety%20wine

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vin entièrement ou principalement issu d'un même cépage.  3, record 9, French, - vin%20monoc%C3%A9page

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vino elaborado a partir de una sola variedad de uva o en el que sólo interviene en una proporción mínima del 85 %.  1, record 9, Spanish, - vino%20varietal

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A plant of the family Vitaceae.  3, record 10, English, - northern%20fox%20grape

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

fox grape : preferred common name in the Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds(2003).  4, record 10, English, - northern%20fox%20grape

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 3 OBS

fox grape : common name also used to refer to the species Vitis vulpina.  3, record 10, English, - northern%20fox%20grape

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plante de la famille des Vitaceae.  3, record 10, French, - vigne%20lambruche

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

vigne lambruche : nom à privilégier selon l'Inventaire des mauvaises herbes du Canada (2003).  4, record 10, French, - vigne%20lambruche

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Arbusto trepador de la familia de las vitáceas.  1, record 10, Spanish, - labrusca

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A plant of the family Vitaceae.  5, record 11, English, - frost%20grape

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

fox grape : common name also used to refer to the species Vitis labrusca.  5, record 11, English, - frost%20grape

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plante de la famille des Vitaceae.  3, record 11, French, - vigne%20des%20renards

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Even though wine grape prices are on average about four times the price of juice grapes, because of the high expense of inputs and labor for wine grapes, a juice grape grower in a good year can earn nearly as much as he or she would for wine grapes.  2, record 12, English, - juice%20grape

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] il faut savoir qu'un raisin à jus ne donnera pas un bon vin : en effet, pour faire un bon jus, il faut limiter la teneur en sucre à 140 ou 150 g/l, ce qui correspondrait à un vin au degré d'alcool de 8 % vol. et au goût trop fade et acide.  2, record 12, French, - raisin%20%C3%A0%20jus

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A grape used in making wine.  4, record 13, English, - wine%20grape

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Scientists have long suspected that crop diversity is key to making agriculture more resilient to climate change, and wine grapes offer a unique opportunity to test this assumption. They are both extremely diverse [...] and well-documented, with harvest data stretching back centuries. Wine grapes are also extremely sensitive to the changes in temperature and season that come with climate change.  5, record 13, English, - wine%20grape

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Raisin servant à la fabrication du vin.  3, record 13, French, - raisin%20de%20cuve

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les raisins de cuve (ou raisins à vin par opposition aux raisins de table) sont, sous nos climats tempérés, des fruits [à] développement ralenti et [à] maturité tardive.  2, record 13, French, - raisin%20de%20cuve

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

La uva fresca madura y sobremadura en la misma planta o soleada después de la vendimia, sin llegar a la pasificación, que haya de entrar en el proceso de elaboración del mosto o del vino.  1, record 13, Spanish, - uva%20de%20vinificaci%C3%B3n

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las uvas de vinificación se recogen a finales de verano cuando están maduras.  2, record 13, Spanish, - uva%20de%20vinificaci%C3%B3n

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As far back as 900 years ago, vintners in Modena... were making balsamic vinegar... Although it is considered a wine vinegar, it is not a wine vinegar at all. It is not made from wine, but from grape pressings that have never been permitted to ferment into wine.  1, record 16, English, - balsamic%20vinegar

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Contrairement au vinaigre de vin, de cidre ou d'alcool, le balsamique n'est pas fabriqué à partir d'un produit alcoolisé. On se sert plutôt du jus des raisins cueillis le plus tard possible à l'automne pendant qu'ils sont gorgés de sucre.  2, record 16, French, - vinaigre%20balsamique

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sustainable vitiviniculture is defined as follows :“Global strategy on the scale of the grape production and processing systems, incorporating at the same time the economic sustainability of structures and territories, producing quality products, considering requirements of precision in sustainable viticulture, risks to the environment, products safety and consumer health and valuing of heritage, historical, cultural, ecological and aesthetic aspects. ”  1, record 17, English, - sustainable%20vitiviniculture

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La définition de vitiviniculture durable est formulée comme suit : «Approche globale à l'échelle des systèmes de production et de transformation des raisins, associant à la fois la pérennité économique des structures et des territoires, l'obtention de produits de qualité, la prise en compte des exigences d'une viticulture de précision, des risques liés à l'environnement, à la sécurité des produits et la santé des consommateurs et la valorisation des aspects patrimoniaux, historiques, culturels, écologiques et paysagers».  1, record 17, French, - vitiviniculture%20durable

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When a tag is attached to a grape bunch without being packed into a package, the tag does not have to have the full regulated markings. The labelling regulations apply to a package; however, if the tagged bunch is packed into a package, the full regulated markings must be present.  2, record 18, English, - labelling%20regulation

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

labelling regulation: designation usually used in the plural.  3, record 18, English, - labelling%20regulation

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

of a grape.  1, record 19, English, - wine%2Dmaking%20characteristic

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

usually plural: wine-making characteristics.  1, record 19, English, - wine%2Dmaking%20characteristic

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

d'un cépage.  1, record 19, French, - caract%C3%A8re%20%26oelig%3Bnologique

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The British Columbia Grapegrowers’ Association is a non-profit organization that represents all commercial grape producers in British Columbia on agricultural issues and concerns. [The BCGA] works with other industry organizations, with provincial and federal agricultural organizations and all levels of government to represent, promote and advance the interests of all grape growers in British Columbia.  5, record 20, English, - British%20Columbia%20Grapegrowers%27%20Association

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Using systematic irrigation for the entire growing season based on irrigation time (for example, three hours per day) and not water volume applied.  2, record 21, English, - systematic%20irrigation

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 CONT

These two deep soils have great water-retention capacity, without the need for systematic irrigation, allowing the grape to reach a perfect point of ripeness without excessive stress.  3, record 21, English, - systematic%20irrigation

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'irrigation systématique des bas-fonds a permis de produire deux récoltes par année mais a aussi modifié ce partage des responsabilités.  2, record 21, French, - irrigation%20syst%C3%A9matique

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

irrigation systématique : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 21, French, - irrigation%20syst%C3%A9matique

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Downy mildew of grape can be a serious disease in... vineyards. This fungus disease develops whenever weather during the growing season is moist and temperatures are cool to moderate. The downy mildew fungus attacks leaves, fruit, shoots and tendrils. The disease may cause premature defoliation in mid to late summer that results in a weakening of the plant and reduced sugar content of the fruit.  2, record 22, English, - downy%20mildew%20of%20grape

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On leaves, young infections appear as very small, greenish-yellow, translucent spots that are difficult to see. With time, the lesions enlarge and a white moldy growth composed of fungus threads (mycelium) and spores form on the undersides of the leaves. If lesions are numerous they may merge and cover most of the leaf. Infected leaves eventually turn brown, become dry and drop. Exposed berries may be scalded by the sun. If vines are defoliated before the ripening period, grapes may not mature normally.  2, record 22, English, - downy%20mildew%20of%20grape

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 OBS

downy mildew of grape : term extracted from the “Glossaire de l'agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, record 22, English, - downy%20mildew%20of%20grape

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le mildiou de la vigne est une maladie indigène de l'Amérique du Nord causée par le champignon Plasmopara viticola. Cette maladie infecte la plupart des espèces du genre Vitis (vigne). Les cultivars de l'espèce vinifera y sont très sensibles alors que les espèces sauvages y sont relativement résistantes. Le mildiou peut causer des dommages directs à la vigne en provoquant la déformation des pousses, des vrilles et des grappes ou en provoquant la chute prématurée des feuilles, ce qui retarde le mûrissement des fruits et augmente la vulnérabilité de la vigne aux blessures par l'hiver.  2, record 22, French, - mildiou%20de%20la%20vigne

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mildiou de la vigne : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 22, French, - mildiou%20de%20la%20vigne

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An Australian moth(Phalaenoides glycine) having a greenish yellow black-marked caterpillar that feeds on grape leaves and fruits.  3, record 23, English, - grapevine%20moth

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Grapevine moth is usually a minor pest, with little economic impact. However, if caterpillar numbers reach high levels, severe vine defoliation may result, which can affect berry development and carbohydrate storage. Caterpillars feed on leaves but may begin feeding in bunches if foliage is depleted.  4, record 23, English, - grapevine%20moth

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

According to the "Crop Protection Compendium" of the CAB International, "Phalaenoides glycinae" (Lewin 1805) is the preferred scientific name. "Phalaenoides glycine" (Tepper 1890) is another scientific name.  5, record 23, English, - grapevine%20moth

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le vignoble] a été inspecté et trouvé exempt de toutes formes vivantes de la pyrale brun pâle de la pomme, Epiphyas postvittana, et du phalène de la vigne, Phalaenoides glycinae.  2, record 23, French, - phal%C3%A8ne%20de%20la%20vigne

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] climbing cutworm that feeds on apple, cabbage, clover, corn, flowering plants and shrubs, grape, onion, peach, pea, potato, radish, strawberry, sugar beet, sweet potato, tobacco, and turnip.  3, record 24, English, - darksided%20cutworm

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cutworms are the caterpillars of various Noctuidae, belonging mostly to the genera Agrotis or Euxoa.  4, record 24, English, - darksided%20cutworm

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Not to be confused with "darksided cutworm moth" or "dark-sided cutworm moth" which is the same insect but at the adult stage of its life.  5, record 24, English, - darksided%20cutworm

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le ver gris moissonneur est de couleur gris-brun et paraît plus sombre à cause de ses rayures latérales caractéristiques [...]  2, record 24, French, - ver%20gris%20moissonneur

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'Euxoa messoria, ou ver gris moissonneur, fait partie du groupe des vers gris grimpants. Les larves de cette espèce grimpent généralement sur les plantes pour se nourrir des feuilles, des tiges et des fruits.  2, record 24, French, - ver%20gris%20moissonneur

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Wingspan 2-23/4". Fore wings tan to greenish gray, banded broadly with dark brown or olive. Hind wings brownish orange... Food : Caterpillar eats foliage of Virginia creeper and grape... Unlike most adults, these moths do not visit flowers but feed on decaying fruit and fermenting tree sap. Their caterpillars spin loose silken cocoons on the ground among soil litter where they overwinter as pupae....  2, record 25, English, - Virginiacreeper%20sphinx

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Le nom «Sphinx» provient du fait que] les chenilles des Sphinx sont munies d'une corne à l'extrémité abdominale. Effrayées, elles prennent une position qui ressemble fort à celle du Sphinx d'Égypte.  2, record 25, French, - sphinx%20de%20myron

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cover the dried fruit in unsweetened fruit juice such as pineapple juice, or a mild flavored fruit juice concentrate like white grape juice concentrate.  2, record 26, English, - fruit%20juice%20concentrate

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La gelée aux [pommes] ne doit pas contenir de jus de fruits ni de concentré de jus de fruits conservé dans l'anhydride sulfureux.  1, record 26, French, - concentr%C3%A9%20de%20jus%20de%20fruit

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pale to yellow usually semidrying fatty oil obtained from grape seeds and used in foods, soap, and paint.  1, record 27, English, - grape%20seed%20oil

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Liquide jaune à odeur désagréable et à saveur amère, soluble dans la benzine, le sulfure de carbone, utilisé comme lubrifiant, en savonnerie et en tannerie.  2, record 27, French, - huile%20de%20p%C3%A9pins%20de%20raisin

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Port is a fortified wine. Fortified wines are made by adding a proportion of grape spirit, or brandy, to the wine at some point during the production process.... In the case of port, the addition of the brandy takes place before the wine has finished fermenting. This means that the wine retains some of the natural sweetness of the grape, making it rich, round and smooth on the palate.  3, record 28, English, - port%20wine

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vin de liqueur rouge et parfois blanc, parfumé et généreux [...] et qui acquiert son maximum de qualité après une longue conservation.  2, record 28, French, - porto

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vino de color oscuro y sabor ligeramente dulce, fabricado principalmente en Oporto, ciudad de Portugal.  1, record 28, Spanish, - oporto

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An organization of grape growers which makes wine from the grapes of its members, usually in its own co-operative winery.  1, record 29, English, - cooperative%20wine%2Dgrowers%20association

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Co-operative winery. An establishment owned by a group of grape growers where their grapes are made into wine.  1, record 29, English, - cooperative%20wine%2Dgrowers%20association

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

1. société ou association de viticulteurs ayant pour but de réaliser une œuvre en commun et de répartir équitablement entre eux le produit de ce travail, par exemple: production en commun de plants de vigne, de raisins, etc. (cave viticole); vinification en commun (cave vinicole); 2. souvent aussi terme désignant les bâtiments où se fait la vinification en commun.  1, record 29, French, - coop%C3%A9rative

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A small imperfectly developed berry in a grape cluster.  1, record 30, English, - shot%20berry

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lorsque l'ovaire est mal fécondé, le grain reste petit; les grains ainsi avortés partiellement sont dits millerands.  1, record 30, French, - millerand

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Concentrated Grape Juice" or "Grape Juice Concentrate" a. shall be the unfermented product prepared by the concentration of the liquid obtained from sound, clean, ripe grapes; b. shall be prepared without the addition of a sweetening ingredient; c. shall be concentrated to contain not less than 30 per cent by weight of soluble grape solids as determined by refractometer at 20 degrees Celsius, uncorrected for acidity; d. shall be substantially free from crystals of salts of tartaric acid; e. may contain a residue of up to 10 mg of sulphur dioxide per kg of concentrated grape juice where the grape juice contains juice obtained from vinifera type grapes; f. may contain up to 20 mg of sulphur dioxide per kg of concentrated grape juice to prevent discolouration where the grape juice is a white grape juice and is so identified...  1, record 31, English, - grape%2Djuice%20concentrate

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La production sud-africaine est d'environ 9 millions d'hectolitres de vins dont 5 à 6 millions sont affectés à la production de vin de consommation, le reste servant à la fabrication de brandy, d'eau-de-vie et de concentré de jus de raisin.  2, record 31, French, - concentr%C3%A9%20de%20jus%20de%20raisin

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A machine consisting of a crusher and a pump to move the crushed grapes to the fermenters.  3, record 32, English, - combined%20crusher%20and%20pump

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 DEF

A machine consisting of a cylinder-type crusher placed on top of a grape pump.  1, record 32, English, - combined%20crusher%20and%20pump

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This machine crushes, lifts, conveys and distributes the grapes into the installation through a system of pipes.  1, record 32, English, - combined%20crusher%20and%20pump

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

combined crusher and pump: term standardized by ISO.  4, record 32, English, - combined%20crusher%20and%20pump

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Machine composée d'un fouloir à cylindres placé sur une pompe à vendange.  2, record 32, French, - fouloir%2Dpompe

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette machine foule, élève, transporte et distribue la vendange dans l'installation au moyen d'une tuyauterie.  2, record 32, French, - fouloir%2Dpompe

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

fouloir-pompe; foulopompe : termes normalisés par l'ISO.  4, record 32, French, - fouloir%2Dpompe

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Process of adding sugar to the must, or grape juice, before it ferments.  2, record 33, English, - chaptalisation

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The purpose is not to make sweet wine, but one with a proper minimum alcoholic content.  2, record 33, English, - chaptalisation

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] opération qui consiste à ajouter du sucre au moût.  3, record 33, French, - chaptalisation

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La chaptalisation [...] [augmente] la teneur en alcool des vins [...]  4, record 33, French, - chaptalisation

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Práctica que consiste en la adición de azúcar al mosto para su enriquecimiento.  3, record 33, Spanish, - chaptalizaci%C3%B3n

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Método desarrollado por el francés Chaptal.  3, record 33, Spanish, - chaptalizaci%C3%B3n

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A disease of the grape caused by a fungus(Guignardia bidwellii).  4, record 34, English, - black%20rot%20of%20grapes

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Black rot is an important fungal disease of grapes that originated in eastern North America, but which now occurs in portions of Europe, South America, and Asia as well.  5, record 34, English, - black%20rot%20of%20grapes

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Maladie fongique de la vigne, causée par Guignardia bidwellii.  3, record 34, French, - pourriture%20noire%20de%20la%20vigne

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Toutes les parties aériennes de la vigne peuvent être affectées par la pourriture noire.  2, record 34, French, - pourriture%20noire%20de%20la%20vigne

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Steam-distilled oil from dried kernels of ripe seeds of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt., Myristicaceae). Constit. 60-80% d-Camphene, about 8% d-pinene; dipentene, d-borneol, l-terpineol, about 6% geraniol, safrol, about 4% myristicin.  3, record 35, English, - nutmeg%20oil

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nutmeg oil [is a] pale-yellow or colorless essential oil with spicy taste and nutmeg aroma; ... soluble in alcohol, carbon disulfide, and glacial acetic acid ...  4, record 35, English, - nutmeg%20oil

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Nutmeg oil is used in loganberry, chocolate, lemon, cola, apple, grape, muscatel, rum, sausage,... and vanilla flavorings for beverages, ice cream, ices, candy, baked goods...  5, record 35, English, - nutmeg%20oil

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Liquide aromatique incolore ou jaune pâle, épicé, miscible à l'alcool et obtenu par distillation des graines du muscadier (Myristica fragrans). Arômes variés pour boissons, crème glacée, bonbons et pâtisseries.  2, record 35, French, - essence%20de%20muscade

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'essence de muscade est composé de limonène, de p-cymène, de pinène, de myristicine et d'acide myristique. Elle est aussi utilisée pour confectionner des parfums et des arômes, dans le traitement des dyspepsies et comme antiseptique.  4, record 35, French, - essence%20de%20muscade

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The U-system was developed by Dr. Alain Carbonneau in France in the 1970s. It has two curtains of upward-trained foliage held in place by two pairs of movable wires. ... Both the GDC [Geneva Double Curtain] and U-systems are examples of divided canopies - divided to let sunlight in an and to avoid shade. Canopy division (i.e., Geneva Double Curtain, Lyre) on fertile soils doubles exposure area, reduces internal shading and usually improves yield and quality.  1, record 36, English, - Lyre

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

System used to train grape vines.  2, record 36, English, - Lyre

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la diminution de l'entassement par des palissages en V, ou mieux, en U, très ouverts améliore la photosynthèse, l'aération du feuillage et agit donc favorablement sur la croissance, la maturation et la qualité des raisins.  2, record 36, French, - palissage%20ouvert%20en%20lyre

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Système à rameaux palissés verticalement d'une manière ascendante.  1, record 36, French, - palissage%20ouvert%20en%20lyre

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Donne un goût non herbacé au raisin.  1, record 36, French, - palissage%20ouvert%20en%20lyre

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A chemical compound which appears under the form of white crystals with a strawberry-like odour, is soluble in alcohol and ether, in glycerol, in most fixed oils and in mineral oil, is insoluble in water, is derived by heating methyl alcohol, cinnamic acid and sulfuric acid, with subsequent distillation, and is used in perfumes and as a flavouring agent.  4, record 37, English, - methyl%203%2Dphenylprop%2D2%2Denoate

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Methyl cinnamate [is a] synthetic strawberry, butter, cream, cherry, grape, peach, plum, and vanilla flavoring agent for beverages, ice cream, ices, candy, baked goods, gelatin desserts, chewing gum, and condiments.  5, record 37, English, - methyl%203%2Dphenylprop%2D2%2Denoate

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 OBS

methyl 3-phenylprop-2-enoate: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) for the systematic name corresponding to the CAS number indicated on the present record.  1, record 37, English, - methyl%203%2Dphenylprop%2D2%2Denoate

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₀H₁₀O₂ or C₆H₅CH:CHCOOCH₃  4, record 37, English, - methyl%203%2Dphenylprop%2D2%2Denoate

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cristaux incolores ou blancs, à odeur de fraise, solubles dans l'alcool et l'éther, insolubles dans l'eau. Industrie des parfums, des plastiques. Arôme synthétique de fraise, de cerise, de prune, de vanille et de beurre.  4, record 37, French, - 3%2Dph%C3%A9nylprop%2D2%2D%C3%A9noate%20de%20m%C3%A9thyle

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 OBS

3-phénylprop-2-énoate de méthyle : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée) pour le nom systématique correspondant au numéro CAS indiqué sur la présente fiche.  1, record 37, French, - 3%2Dph%C3%A9nylprop%2D2%2D%C3%A9noate%20de%20m%C3%A9thyle

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 3 OBS

bêta : Ce mot doit être remplacé par la lettre grecque correspondante ou s'écrire en italique.  5, record 37, French, - 3%2Dph%C3%A9nylprop%2D2%2D%C3%A9noate%20de%20m%C3%A9thyle

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₀H₁₀O₂ ou C₆H₅CH:CHCOOCH₃  5, record 37, French, - 3%2Dph%C3%A9nylprop%2D2%2D%C3%A9noate%20de%20m%C3%A9thyle

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A clear, colorless, oily liquid, with an odor of bergamot, soluble in alcohol, ether, diethyl phthalate, benzyl benzoate, mineral oil, fixed oils and alcohol, slightly soluble in propylene glycol, insoluble in water, glycerol, derived by the action of acetic anhydride on linalool in presence of sulfuric acid or obtained from bergamot and other oils, used in perfumery, as a flavoring agent, and as a substitute for petitgrain oil.  6, record 38, English, - 3%2C7%2Ddimethylocta%2D1%2C6%2Ddien%2D3%2Dyl%20acetate

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Linalyl acetate [is a] synthetic flavoring that occurs naturally in basil, jasmine oil, lavandin oil, lavender oil, lemon oil [and that is] used in blueberry, chocolate, lemon, lime, orange, cola, grape, peach, cardamom... and meat flavorings for beverages, ice cream, ices, candy, baked goods, gelatin desserts, meats...  7, record 38, English, - 3%2C7%2Ddimethylocta%2D1%2C6%2Ddien%2D3%2Dyl%20acetate

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₂H₂₀O₂ or C₁₀H₁₇C₂H₃O₂  6, record 38, English, - 3%2C7%2Ddimethylocta%2D1%2C6%2Ddien%2D3%2Dyl%20acetate

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ester acétique du linalol se présentant sous la forme d'un liquide incolore, à odeur de bergamote, soluble dans l'alcool, l'éther, les huiles, insoluble dans l'eau, utilisé en parfumerie, en savonnerie et comme additif alimentaire.  4, record 38, French, - ac%C3%A9tate%20de%203%2C7%2Ddim%C3%A9thylocta%2D1%2C6%2Ddi%C3%A9n%2D3%2Dyle

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₂H₂₀O₂ ou C₁₀H₁₇C₂H₃O₂  4, record 38, French, - ac%C3%A9tate%20de%203%2C7%2Ddim%C3%A9thylocta%2D1%2C6%2Ddi%C3%A9n%2D3%2Dyle

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: C₁₂H₂₀O₂ o C₁₀H₁₇C₂H₃O₂  2, record 38, Spanish, - acetato%20de%20linalilo

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

crushing : Grapes are usually crushed with a mechanical crusher or grape mill in order to liberate the juice before fermentation.  1, record 39, English, - crushing

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération qui consiste à écraser le raisin afin d'obtenir le jus (sucré) qu'il contient.  1, record 39, French, - foulage

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Elle est appelée 1) foulage quand elle est réalisée avec des appareils mécaniques et 2) pigeage quand elle est pratiquée par l'homme avec ses pieds [autrefois surtout].  1, record 39, French, - foulage

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A hydrometer scale used in Switzerland and Germany for expressing the density of grape juice.  2, record 40, English, - Oechsle%20degree

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Oechsle hydrometer is calibrated at 15°C.  2, record 40, English, - Oechsle%20degree

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mesure de la quantité de sucre contenue dans le jus de raisin avant fermentation.  4, record 40, French, - degr%C3%A9%20Oechsle

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette mesure s'exprime par la différence de poids en grammes entre un litre de moût de raisin et un litre d’eau à 20 °C (1 litre d'eau = 1 kg soit 0 °Oe). S'exprime en Oechsle, degré Oechsle ou °Oe. En divisant par 8 le degré Oeschle, on obtient le degré alcoolique potentiel.  4, record 40, French, - degr%C3%A9%20Oechsle

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le degré Oechsle exprime la concentration en sucres du raisin et des moûts selon la formule suivante : °Oechsle = 1000 x [(masse volumique du moût/masse volumique de l’eau) - 1000].  3, record 40, French, - degr%C3%A9%20Oechsle

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Mesure effectuée en Suisse et en Allemagne pour exprimer la densité des moûts, à l'aide d'un aréomètre calibré à 15°.  5, record 40, French, - degr%C3%A9%20Oechsle

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Méthode inventée par le docteur Ferdinand Oeschle (1774-1852).  4, record 40, French, - degr%C3%A9%20Oechsle

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Una de las diversas escalas de medición de la densidad de los mostos empleada fundamentalmente en países centroeuropeos.  2, record 40, Spanish, - grado%20Oeschle

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El grado Oeschle empleado en Alsacia y Alemania, que es el valor de la densidad por encima de mil, representa el peso de alcohol contenido en un litro de vino después de la fermentación.  3, record 40, Spanish, - grado%20Oeschle

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La densidad se puede medir mediante densímetros o aerómetros, que dan un resultado de riqueza en azúcares en g/l, en grados Beaumé, en grados Oeschle, en grados Brix, en grados Babo, etc.  4, record 40, Spanish, - grado%20Oeschle

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Los grados Oeschle dan un valor de la densidad, resultante de restar el valor de la densidad del mosto a la del agua (1,0) y multiplicar esta diferencia por mil. Así, un mosto de densidad 1,085 tiene 85° Oeschle.  4, record 40, Spanish, - grado%20Oeschle

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Vintners Quality Alliance(VQA) is an Appellation of Origin system by which consumers can identify wines of Canada based on the origin of the grapes from which they are produced. With the VQA system, Canada joins other leading wine-producing countries in developing a body of regulations and setting high standards for its wines. In Ontario, the VQA officially began in 1988. The Ontario VQA encouraged the British Columbia wine industry to undertake a similar VQA program, which the province did in 1990. There are two distinct wine-producing regions in Canada : the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia. The VQA recognizes three Designated Viticultural Areas in Ontario, and four in British Columbia. EPThe VQA in Ontario is an independent alliance of wineries, grape growers, the provincial liquor regulator(the Liquor Control Board of Ontario), and academic, hospitality, and research institutions.  1, record 41, English, - Vintners%20Quality%20Alliance

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renseignements obtenus de l'alliance en Ontario.  1, record 41, French, - Vintners%20Quality%20Alliance

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mead :[A] honey wine... considered by many to be the first alcoholic beverage created, predating both grape wine and beer.  2, record 42, English, - cyser%20mead

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Novel uses of grapes and wine are becoming popular : fasting on grapes is called "ampelotherapy"(grape cure) and is alleged to be powerfully detoxifying and alkalinizing...  2, record 43, English, - ampelotherapy

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Traitement des maladies humaines par des raisins aux vertus thérapeutiques.  2, record 43, French, - amp%C3%A9loth%C3%A9rapie

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tratamiento a base de derivados de la viña y el vino, como fangos o bajos de vino, extracto de uva roja, levaduras, aceite de semilla de uva y vino tinto.  1, record 43, Spanish, - ampeloterapia

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A distinctive fragrance and flavor associated with certain vineyard soil.  1, record 44, English, - earthy

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Special taste resulting from the type of soil on which the grape were grown.  2, record 44, English, - earthy

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Goût caractéristique, particulier, presque indescriptible provenant de la nature du sol où pousse la vigne.  2, record 44, French, - go%C3%BBt%20de%20terroir

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Terme de dégustation pour désigner, dans un vin, toute saveur particulière provenant de la nature du sol qui a produit le raisin (vin ferreux).  3, record 44, French, - go%C3%BBt%20de%20terroir

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'expression goût de terroir n'indique pas que le vin soit bon ou mauvais, mais qu'il correspond à ce qu'on attend de son cru.  4, record 44, French, - go%C3%BBt%20de%20terroir

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Grape clusters arrive from the fields and require immediate destemming and crushing so as to remove the berries(skins, pulp and seed) from the stems. The must is then further processed and the stems removed and returned to the field as fertilizer or used as fuel.  1, record 45, English, - destemming

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Séparation des raisins de la rafle avant de pressurer le fruit.  3, record 45, French, - %C3%A9raflage

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Acción de] quitar [...] las raspas a la uva.  1, record 45, Spanish, - despalillado

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A very satisfactory anchor is made by placing a 1 m(3 ft) iron bar, with a slight bend at the bottom and a 2. 5 cm(1 in.) eye at the top, in a post hole, leaving the eye slightly above the surface of the ground.... The junction of the anchor eye and the anchor wire must clear the ground by at least 10 cm(4 in.) to prevent the wire from rusting through and breaking.(The Grape in Ontario, 1972, p. 9).  1, record 46, English, - anchor%20eye

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'équivalent français est proposé par un chercheur et expert en viticulture et horticulture au ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation de l'Ontario. Selon lui, le chas est l'anneau situé à l'extrémité d'une tige cylindrique et constituant une des parties d'un ancrage. Il dépasse du sol de quelques centimètres et un fil d'acier le traverse.  1, record 46, French, - chas

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish