TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The attitude of a satellite is its position in space - its orientation... To stabilize a satellite, the satellite must have a system that keeps it moving evenly through its orbit. Satellites often use a spinning or gyroscopic motion to keep them stable.  4, record 1, English, - gyroscopic%20motion

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A gyroscope will not only resist being moved out of its vertical position, it will also generate force as it attempts to travel in large, circular patterns. These patterns are most easily seen with a spinning top. As the top begins losing its energy, it never simply spirals straight down in the same direction that it was originally spinning. As it destabilizes, it will always begin slowly rotating or precessing in a slow, even circle that is in the opposite direction to its normal spinning motion. These circular patterns are known as "precessional" motions, and they are another aspect of a gyroscope's movement that will occur either in air or in a vacuum and can be used to overcome gravity.  3, record 1, English, - gyroscopic%20motion

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les protons ont une charge électrique positive, que l'on peut considérer grossièrement comme mise en mouvement par le mouvement gyroscopique (ou spin) de cette particule.  2, record 1, French, - mouvement%20gyroscopique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The tendency of a rotating body, when a force is applied perpendicular to its plane of rotation, to turn in the direction of its rotation 90 degrees to its axis and take up a new plane of rotation parallel to the applied force.  7, record 3, English, - precessional%20motion

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gyroscopic precession ... When force is applied to a gyro, the device reacts as if the force had been applied at a point 90 degrees from the point of actual application, in the direction of rotation. Precession affects propellers, which act like gyros, and gyro instruments. Its principle effect is on the heading indicator, which tends to drift over time.  8, record 3, English, - precessional%20motion

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A gyroscope will not only resist being moved out of its vertical position, it will also generate force as it attempts to travel in large, circular patterns. These patterns are most easily seen with a spinning top. As the top begins losing its energy, it never simply spirals straight down in the same direction that it was originally spinning. As it destabilizes, it will always begin slowly rotating or precessing in a slow, even circle that is in the opposite direction to its normal spinning motion. These circular patterns are known as "precessional" motions, and they are another aspect of a gyroscope's movement that will occur either in air or in a vacuum and can be used to overcome gravity.  9, record 3, English, - precessional%20motion

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 CONT

If an airplane changes suddenly from a nose up to a nose down position, as is the case during the take-off roll in a tail wheel airplane, the airplane will yaw sharply to the left as the pilot shoves the wheel forward to raise the tail. The application of right rudder compensates for the precession tendency.  7, record 3, English, - precessional%20motion

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tendance qu'a un corps en rotation, sur lequel on applique une force perpendiculairement à son axe de rotation, de tourner 90 degrés par rapport à son axe de rotation, dans le même sens que la rotation, pour finir sur un nouveau plan de rotation parallèle à la force appliquée.  5, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9cession

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si l'on applique un couple à un gyroscope en rotation, couple appliqué sur un axe différent de son axe de rotation, il réagit à ce couple de manière à amener son axe de rotation parallèle à celui du couple appliqué, et ceci par le plus court chemin. Ce mouvement est dit «mouvement de précession» lorsqu'il est provoqué volontairement, et «dérive» lorsqu'il est dû à un élément perturbateur.  6, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9cession

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Mouvement de précession stable d'un gyroscope.  7, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9cession

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'usage fait donner des appellations différentes à cette composante de rotation instantanée [...] : lorsqu'elle est due à un phénomène déterministe et connu, on l'appelle «précession gyroscopique»; lorsqu'elle est due à un phénomène aléatoire, ou bien que l'on ne maîtrise pas, on l'appelle «dérive gyroscopique».  8, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9cession

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

précession; précession gyroscopique : termes d'usage obligatoire au Bureau de la traduction du Canada.  9, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9cession

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Précession astronomique, précession de déplacement, précession instrumentale, précession mécanique.  10, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9cession

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Movimiento cónico de rotación, en torno de una posición media, que toma en el espacio el eje de los cuerpos que giran sobre sí mismos con movimiento giroscópico.  1, record 3, Spanish, - precesi%C3%B3n

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is ... apparent that gyroscopic inertia depends on the angular velocity and the momentum of inertia of the rotor, or on its angular momentum. The rotor wheel is subject to the laws of rotational motion and inertia in that a freely rotating body will maintain a fixed direction in space, and the rotor tends to preserve its angular momentum, or spinning action, unless acted on by some external force.  3, record 4, English, - angular%20momentum

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The first... mechanical quantity [involved in gyroscopic motion] is the angular momentum, or "spin, "of a gyroscope. Thus, the top can spin in either of two directions, described as clockwise or counterclockwise when looking along the axis of symmetry. Its angular momentum, or spin, can be represented as a directed line segment, called the spin vector, that points along the axis.  2, record 4, English, - angular%20momentum

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chaque électron d'un atome possède un moment angulaire orbital, qui serait dû à sa rotation autour du noyau selon les modèles classiques, et un moment angulaire intrinsèque, analogue au moment d'un gyroscope, appelé «spin». Dans le cas des noyaux, les moments angulaires sont colinéaires et leur rapport est appelé rapport gyromagnétique.  1, record 4, French, - moment%20angulaire

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En un cuerpo sometido a una rotación circular, producto que resulta de multiplicar la fuerza aplicada en un punto del mismo por la distancia que media entre éste y el eje de rotación.  1, record 4, Spanish, - momento%20angular

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A torque-generating mechanism that incorporates a single- or double- gimbaled spinning wheel.  4, record 5, English, - control%20moment%20gyroscope

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The next generation of "agile" observation satellites will probably be controlled by high dynamic torque actuators called gyrodynes. The gyrodyne uses the principle of the gyroscope to exert a force on a satellite, to change its attitude. The gyrodyne consists of a top spinning around a tilt axis.  3, record 5, English, - control%20moment%20gyroscope

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A CMG (control moment gyro) is an actuator consisting of a spinner with a sustained kinetic moment modulus h and one or two motor-driven tilt axes. One-axis CMGs are used to generate very high dynamic moments. The produced gyroscopic torque is proportional to h and to the precession rate (i.e. tilting rate).  5, record 5, English, - control%20moment%20gyroscope

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

control moment gyroscope; gyrodyne; CMG: terms and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  6, record 5, English, - control%20moment%20gyroscope

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les actionneurs gyroscopiques également appelés gyrodynes (CMG : Control Moment Gyro) constituent un nouveau système d'actionneurs qui permettent de générer des couples dynamiques de commande de basculement d'attitude d'un satellite. Ces couples de nature gyroscopique sont produits par une commande des vitesses de précession d'une famille de toupies gyroscopiques montées sur le véhicule.  4, record 5, French, - actionneur%20gyroscopique

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les gyrodynes : une technologie prometteuse pour la commande d'attitude des satellites. Également appelé actionneur gyroscopique, le gyrodyne est une commande d'attitude utilisant des actionneurs à fort couple dynamique.  5, record 5, French, - actionneur%20gyroscopique

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 CONT

La prochaine génération de satellites d'observation, appelés satellites agiles, sera probablement commandée par des actionneurs à fort couple dynamique : les gyrodynes. Fonctionnant sur le principe des gyroscopes, ils peuvent agir sur les satellites et les orienter dans une attitude donnée. Les gyrodynes sont constitués d'une toupie en rotation rapide entretenue autour d'un axe propre, la commande permettant de faire tourner ce dernier autour d'un axe de précession, ou de basculement [...]  6, record 5, French, - actionneur%20gyroscopique

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

actionneur gyroscopique; gyrodyne; CMG : termes et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  2, record 5, French, - actionneur%20gyroscopique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gyroscopic pendulum. Free pendulum. The gyro spinning wheel is running at constant speed. The precession drive, which lies in a plane symmetric with respect to the gimbal is not controlled. When the gimbal becomes free, the gravity torque drives it around the horizontal axis, perpendicular to the symmetry plane, until it falls on the top.  1, record 6, English, - gravity%20torque

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The motion induced in a gyroscope by an applied force follows a simple rule. When the spinning top, for example, is acted upon by a gravity-induced torque, the original rotational motion tries to align itself with the added rotational motion of the torque. The motion, or precession, of the gyroscope that results is perpendicular to the applied torque. In other words, the spin vector tries to align itself with the torque vector;...  2, record 6, English, - gravity%20torque

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pendule gyroscopique. Pendule libre. La toupie gyroscopique est entraînée à vitesse constante. Le moteur de précession qui est dans le plan de symétrie du berceau n'est pas commandé. Quand on lâche le berceau, le couple de gravité fait tourner le berceau autour de son axe horizontal perpendiculaire à son plan de symétrie jusqu'à tomber sur la butée. Cette vitesse de rotation induit un couple gyroscopique qui fait basculer la toupie autour de son axe de précession malgré la résistance du réducteur du moteur de précession.  1, record 6, French, - couple%20de%20gravit%C3%A9

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pair of parallel, equal and opposite forces applied to the same object. Dynamic torque sums the system into a zero resultant force and generally has an effect of rotation on the object.  1, record 7, English, - dynamic%20torque

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The next generation of "agile" observation satellites will probably be controlled by high dynamic torque actuators called gyrodynes. The gyrodyne uses the principle of the gyroscope to exert a force on a satellite, to change its attitude. The gyrodynes consists of a top spinning around a tilt axis.  1, record 7, English, - dynamic%20torque

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Système de deux forces égales, parallèles, de directions opposées et appliquées à un même objet. Le couple dynamique résume le système à une force résultante nulle et possède généralement un effet de rotation sur l'objet.  2, record 7, French, - couple%20dynamique

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La prochaine génération de satellites d'observation, appelés satellites agiles, sera probablement commandée par des actionneurs à fort couple dynamique : les gyrodynes. Fonctionnant sur le principe des gyroscopes, ils peuvent agir sur les satellites et les orienter dans une attitude donnée. Les gyrodynes sont constitués d'une toupie en rotation rapide entretenue autour d'un axe propre, la commande permettant de faire tourner ce dernier autour d'un axe de précession, ou de basculement [...].  2, record 7, French, - couple%20dynamique

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les actionneurs gyroscopiques également appelés gyrodynes (CMG : Control Moment Gyro) constituent un nouveau système d'actionneurs qui permettent de générer des couples dynamiques de commande de basculement d'attitude d'un satellite. Ces couples de nature gyroscopique sont produits par une commande des vitesses de précession d'une famille de toupies gyroscopiques montées sur le véhicule.  3, record 7, French, - couple%20dynamique

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The apparent drift rate caused by motion of an input axis in a manner that generally describes a cone.  2, record 8, English, - coning%20effect

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The three elementary movements of a gyroscope : 1. Rotation--the top is spinning rapidly about its vertical axis. 2. Precession--as it slows down, the top cants over and its axis follows a conical path. 3. Nutation--as the top spins more slowly still, the axis oscillates in a sinusoidal path.  3, record 8, English, - coning%20effect

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Coning effect... This usually results from a combination of oscillatory motions about the gyro principal axes. The apparent drift rate is a function of the amplitude and frequencies of oscillations present and the phase angles between them.  2, record 8, English, - coning%20effect

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... special gyro configurations can be devised by using slow spin velocity for which sizable circular motions are easily induced and observed. When they are superimposed on steady precession (due to unbalance) the result is a nodding up an down of the axle as it precesses about the vertical, which has led to the term nutation.  2, record 9, English, - steady%20precession

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The gyro in the artificial horizon can be set in motion and kept in constant motion (steady precession) by using either electricity to power a spinning motor or by using air with a vacuum to suck air out of the casing and vary this air in and out to keep the wheel turning constantly.  3, record 9, English, - steady%20precession

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The three elementary movements of a gyroscope :... 1. Rotation--the top is spinning rapidly about its vertical axis. 2. Precession--as it slows down, the top cants over and its axis follows a conical path. 3. Nutation--as the top spins more slowly still, the axis oscillates in a sinusoidal path.  4, record 9, English, - steady%20precession

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 PHR

To keep in steady precession.  3, record 9, English, - steady%20precession

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mouvement de précession stable d'un gyroscope.  2, record 9, French, - pr%C3%A9cession%20stable

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Être en état de précession stable.  1, record 9, French, - pr%C3%A9cession%20stable

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Relation of spin and torque vectors. The motion induced in a gyroscope by an applied force follows a simple rule. When the spinning top... is acted upon by a gravity-induced torque, the original rotational motion tries to align itself with the added rotational motion of the torque. The motion, or precession, of the gyroscope that results is perpendicular to the applied torque. In other words, the spin vector tries to align itself with the torque vector; or, most simply, the spin vector chases the torque vector.  1, record 10, English, - spin%20vector

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The oscillation of the spin axis of a gyro about two orthogonal axes normal to the mean position of the spin axis.  2, record 11, English, - nutation

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 DEF

A bobbing or nodding up-and-down motion of a spinning rigid body, such as a top, as it precesses about its vertical axis.  3, record 11, English, - nutation

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The three elementary movements of a gyroscope :... 1. Rotation--the top is spinning rapidly about its vertical axis. 2. Precession--as it slows down, the top cants over and its axis follows a conical path. 3. Nutation--as the top spins more slowly still, the axis oscillates in a sinusoidal path.  4, record 11, English, - nutation

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Oscillation [...] d'un gyroscope autour de sa position moyenne.  3, record 11, French, - nutation

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

gyroscope : Instrument constitué d'une roue équilibrée statiquement à fort moment d'inertie en rotation rapide autour de son axe principal. [...] Si le centre d'inertie et le centre de gravité diffèrent, le gyroscope est animé de mouvements de précession et de nutation dont les propriétés sont notamment utilisées dans les gyrocompas.  4, record 11, French, - nutation

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish