TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

To quash is to void a particular legal proceeding or decision, i. e. quash an order of the court, making the order of no force or effect, as if the order had not been made.  5, record 1, English, - set%20aside%20an%20order

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

discharge an order for contact, quash an order of the court, rescind a removal order, set aside a deportation order  6, record 1, English, - set%20aside%20an%20order

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Annuler une ordonnance signifie la rendre nulle, comme si elle n'avait jamais été rendue.  2, record 1, French, - annuler%20une%20ordonnance

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

annuler une ordonnance attributive de contact, annuler une ordonnance d'expulsion, annuler une ordonnance de renvoi, annuler une ordonnance du tribunal  2, record 1, French, - annuler%20une%20ordonnance

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... in determining whether an individual or entity had practised discrimination under the relevant legislation, it was appropriate for the Court to consider "adverse effect discrimination" which may be described as the imposition of obligations, penalties or restrictive conditions that result from a policy or practice which is on its face neutral but which has a disproportionately negative effect on an individual or group because of a special characteristic of that individual or group.  3, record 2, English, - adverse%2Deffect%20discrimination

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... pour déterminer si une personne morale ou physique s'est livrée à de la discrimination au sens de la loi pertinente, il convenait que la Cour examine la question de la «discrimination par suite d'un effet préjudiciable», qu'on peut définir comme l'imposition d'obligations, de peines ou de conditions restrictives résultant d'une politique ou d'une pratique qui est neutre à première vue, mais qui a un effet négatif disproportionné sur un individu ou un groupe d'individus en raison d'une caractéristique spéciale de cet individu ou de ce groupe d'individus.  3, record 2, French, - discrimination%20indirecte

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Los cambios legales requieren ser reforzados con medidas administrativas y de tipo legal. Se dan, además, situaciones en que se aplica normas no discriminatorias, pero la interpretación que se hace de ellas genera diferencias, y es lo que se llama "discriminación indirecta".  1, record 2, Spanish, - discriminaci%C3%B3n%20indirecta

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The clear and present danger test features two independent conditions : first, the speech must impose a threat that a substantive evil might follow, and second, the threat is a real, imminent threat. The court had to identify and quantify both the nature of the threatened evil and the imminence of the perceived danger.  2, record 3, English, - clear%20and%20present%20danger%20test

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les systèmes démocratiques actuels, l'approche de la liberté d'expression, lorsqu'elle se situe dans le domaine de l'excès gratuit, ne doit pas non plus faire l'objet d'une réponse pénale immédiate. Il est vrai que la liberté d'expression n'est pas illimitée. Mais la limite à l'expression misérable serait une et insurmontable et c'est celle qui est basée sur la doctrine bien connue du juge Holmes basée sur la règle du critère du danger clair et présent : l'incitation directe à la violence.  2, record 3, French, - crit%C3%A8re%20du%20danger%20clair%20et%20pr%C3%A9sent

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the accused... had a lengthy criminal record including four previous convictions for the offence of perjury, numerous convictions for having breached court orders, and a probation order when he committed the perjury offence...  1, record 4, English, - perjury%20offence

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] l'accusé [...] avait un lourd casier judiciaire comprenant quatre condamnations de parjure, de nombreuses condamnations de non‑respect des ordonnances de la cour et une ordonnance de probation rattachée à son infraction de parjure [...]  1, record 4, French, - infraction%20de%20parjure

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A false statement that is known to be false or is made recklessly without knowing or caring whether it is true or false and that is intended to induce a party to detrimentally rely on it.  2, record 5, English, - fraudulent%20representation

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The judge held that they were all liable for damages to be assessed, but the Court of Appeal allowed the managing director's appeal on the ground that he had made the fraudulent representation on behalf of the beneficiary and not personally.  3, record 5, English, - fraudulent%20representation

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

assertion frauduleuse : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 5, French, - assertion%20frauduleuse

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In any event, retaining jurisdiction was unnecessary because it was generally to be assumed that a government litigant would comply with court orders directed towards it, because there had been no evidence that the government of Nova Scotia would not comply, and because the applicants could apply for an order of non-compliance if the Province did not implement the programmes and facilities at the times and places specified by the Trial Judge.  2, record 6, English, - government%20litigant

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

De toute façon, c'était inutile de conserver juridiction parce que l'on devait généralement présumer qu'un plaideur public se conformerait aux ordonnances judiciaires prononcées à son endroit, parce qu'il n'avait pas été établi que le gouvernement de la Nouvelle-Écosse ne se conformerait pas à l'ordonnance et parce que les requérants pouvaient solliciter une ordonnance déclaratoire de non-conformité si la Province ne mettait pas en œuvre les programmes et les installations aux dates et aux endroits précisés par le juge du procès.  1, record 6, French, - plaideur%20public

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In any event, retaining jurisdiction was unnecessary because it was generally to be assumed that a government litigant would comply with court orders directed towards it, because there had been no evidence that the government of Nova Scotia would not comply, and because the applicants could apply for an order of non-compliance if the Province did not implement the programmes and facilities at the times and places specified by the Trial Judge.  1, record 7, English, - order%20of%20non%2Dcompliance

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

De toute façon, c'était inutile de conserver juridiction parce que l'on devait généralement présumer qu'un plaideur public se conformerait aux ordonnances judiciaires prononcées à son endroit, parce qu'il n'avait pas été établi que le gouvernement de la Nouvelle-Écosse ne se conformerait pas à l'ordonnance et parce que les requérants pouvaient solliciter une ordonnance déclaratoire de non-conformité si la Province ne mettait pas en œuvre les programmes et les installations aux dates et aux endroits précisés par le juge du procès.  1, record 7, French, - ordonnance%20d%C3%A9claratoire%20de%20non%2Dconformit%C3%A9

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In that case, the Supreme Court adopted a restrictive approach to the interpretation of the right to use either English or French in the courts in Quebec, Manitoba and New Brunswick. The Court found that that right had been formulated in the form of an optional requirement only and imposed no express requirement in respect of the obligations that the State had to meet to implement that right.  1, record 8, English, - express%20requirement

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans cette affaire, la Cour suprême avait adopté une vue restrictive sur la façon d'interpréter le droit d'employer soit le français soit l'anglais devant les tribunaux du Québec, du Manitoba et du Nouveau-Brunswick. La Cour avait conclu que ce droit n'était prévu que sous forme facultative et n'imposait aucune prescription expresse pour ce qui est de savoir quelles obligations incomberaient à l'État pour assurer la mise en œuvre de ce droit.  1, record 8, French, - prescription%20expresse

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Court of Appeal had jurisdiction to grant bail in relation to a civil appeal in judicial review proceedings.  2, record 9, English, - civil%20appeal

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the court had no inherent jurisdiction to vary a trust even if it considers it to be to the benefit of the beneficiaries.  2, record 10, English, - vary%20a%20trust

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

modifier une fiducie : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 10, French, - modifier%20une%20fiducie

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An official administrator, on receiving information of the death of a person who had at the time of his death his fixed place of residence in the county or part of a county in which the official administrator has been appointed to act, or, in case the deceased had no fixed place of abode in or resided out of the Province, if he had real or personal estate in that county or part of a county at the time of his death,(a) shall, if the person died intestate as to the whole or a portion of his estate, or leaving a will, but without having appointed an executor willing and competent to take out letters probate; or(b) may, where the executor named by the deceased is resident out of the Province at the time of the death of the deceased, promptly cause application to be made to the court for a grant of administration of the estate of the deceased...  1, record 11, English, - official%20administrator

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The official administrator shall make application for, and shall be granted, administration of the estate of a deceased person where all the heirs and next of kin of the deceased person who are in the Province and are competent to take out letters of administration renounce or request that an administrator of the estate be appointed.  1, record 11, English, - official%20administrator

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Where administration of an estate is granted to an official administrator, he is the administrator of the estate of the deceased in the Province and ... has the rights, duties and liabilities of an administrator with regard to the estate of the deceased ...  1, record 11, English, - official%20administrator

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This term is used only in British Columbia.  2, record 11, English, - official%20administrator

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'ensemble des biens qui passent après décès d'une personne à son représentant, administrateur ou son exécuteur et qui répond entre leurs mains du paiement des dettes et legs du défunt ou des droits des héritiers, s'appellent des «assets».  2, record 11, French, - administrateur%20officiel

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although there are many executory contracts equity will not enforce specifically, contracts for the sale of land have generally been held to be specifically enforceable. Maitland had said that "specific performance applies to agreements for the sale or lease of land as a matter of course" and this conclusion has been reiterated by the Supreme Court of Canada. The traditional view that ordinarily damages would not be an adequate remedy for breach of a contract for the sale of land is based on the assumption that each parcel of land is unique and thus damages would not permit the plaintiff purchaser to find a substitute.(Anger and Honsberger, 2nd, p. 1153)  2, record 12, English, - specific%20performance

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

exécution en nature : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 12, French, - ex%C3%A9cution%20en%20nature

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

One (accident) which is not occasioned in any degree, either directly or remotely, by the want of such care and prudence as the law holds every man bound to exercise.  3, record 13, English, - unavoidable%20accident

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is not easy to escape liability by relying on inevitable accident. In Telfer v. Wright, the defendant blacked out while driving a car, crossed over the centre line and collided with the plaintiff. The court of Appeal, reversing the trial judge, rejected the defence of unavoidable accident since the defendant had suffered a dizzy spell several minutes before the accident, had stopped the car, but then started it up again. Six months earlier he had suffered similar symptoms.  4, record 13, English, - unavoidable%20accident

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il n'est pas facile d'échapper à la responsabilité en se fondant sur l'accident inévitable. Dans l'affaire Telfer v. Wright, le défendeur a perdu connaissance au volant d'une automobile. Celle-ci a franchi la ligne médiane et est entrée en collision avec l'automobile du demandeur. La cour d'appel, infirmant la décision du juge de première instance, a rejeté le moyen d'accident inévitable puisque le défendeur avait senti un étourdissement quelques minutes avant l'accident, avait arrêté sa voiture, mais avait ensuite redémarré. Six mois plus tôt il avait éprouvé des symptômes semblables.  2, record 13, French, - accident%20in%C3%A9vitable

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

accident inévitable : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 13, French, - accident%20in%C3%A9vitable

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When [a] suit was brought on the contract and no corrective addendum had ever been prepared, the court allowed proof of mutual mistake or honest misrepresentation.  2, record 14, English, - honest%20misrepresentation

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

assertion sincère mais inexacte : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 14, French, - assertion%20sinc%C3%A8re%20mais%20inexacte

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... statutes imposing an obligation of care for the safety of a particular class of persons may be intended to protect them against their own inability to protect themselves ...  3, record 15, English, - duty%20of%20care

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

One person who has harmed another is legally liable to him on the ground of negligence only if the court holds that the defendant had in the circumstances owed the plaintiff a legal duty of care, not to have done or allowed to happen the acts which caused the harm, and had in the circumstances failed to implement the duty by not taking the kind and standard of care and precautions required by law.  4, record 15, English, - duty%20of%20care

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Relativement à une réclamation fondée sur la négligence, la question du consentement éclairé à un traitement est concomitante de l'obligation de diligence du médecin.  2, record 15, French, - obligation%20de%20diligence

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

obligation de diligence : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 15, French, - obligation%20de%20diligence

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Our defendant considerately E-mailed a response to the Order, thereby proving that he had received it! To enforce the Order(by an application for committal, etc.), the Court must be satisfied that he had received it.  1, record 16, English, - application%20for%20committal

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When the landowner defaulted, courts of equity were again asked to respond, and developed the system of equitable foreclosure. The landowner's failure to repay the loan no longer resulted in an automatic forfeiture of their ownership interest in the land to the lender. Instead, the lender would have a right to petition a court for a decree of foreclosure, the granting of which would bar the landowner's right to the equity of redemption. The lender would thereby recoup his investment by taking title and possession of the property if the landowner failed to repay the loan within a time fixed by the court. The equitable foreclosure system was slow but fair : the lender could petition the court to give ownership of the land to the lender to repay the loan, but the landowner would have a chance to remedy the default or explain the default when the lender had not behaved reasonably.  2, record 17, English, - equitable%20foreclosure

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

forclusion en equity : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l’accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 17, French, - forclusion%20en%20equity

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A law suit.  2, record 18, English, - litigation

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Though it may seem unidiomatic to make litigation a count noun(hence a plural), the usage is old and is today common. "E. g. ", "[The] first and second parties now have certain litigations pending in the Mercer Circuit Court. "... "a single automobile litigation... consumed sixty-three trial days". "The firm engages in general civil practice with emphasis on business litigations". "No court in which a litigation to that end might be brought... This word is best not used, however, as an equivalent of action or suit :"Whether such claims are just need not be decided to determine the rights of the parties to this litigation [read suit]". Properly, litigation=the action or process of carrying on a suit in law or equity("OED") ;thus it does not refer to the suit itself, but to the maintenance of it. Here it seems to be used for trial :"As the rules became more numerous and more nicely distinguished, they became also less easily understood and applied by the great mass of people, until finally no one who had not given the subject particular attention could safely assume to conduct a litigation [read trial]".  3, record 18, English, - litigation

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Désaccord entre deux ou plusieurs personnes porté devant un tribunal.  2, record 18, French, - litige

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The basis of prescription is that if long enjoyment of a right is shown, the court will strive to uphold the right by presuming that it had a lawful origin. Thus the court may presume, on proof of the fact of long enjoyment, that there once was an actual grant of the right, even though it is impossible to produce any direct evidence of such a grant.  2, record 19, English, - acquisition%20by%20presumed%20grant

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A party seeking to rely upon such a clause must be able to persuade a court that, having made a representation, it had nevertheless entered into a contract believing that a statement from the other party that it did not rely on a representation was true.  2, record 20, English, - rely%20on%20a%20representation

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Because the pension had already paid plaintiff more than the verdict award for past loss of earnings, Supreme Court deleted this component of the award.  1, record 21, English, - past%20loss%20of%20earnings

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Perte de gains déjà réalisée, par opposition aux pertes futures.  1, record 21, French, - perte%20actuelle%20de%20gains

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If however, the tenant appears in court, a trial will be set within the next five days. You will be given judgment for possession after the trial and get writ of restitution to have a sheriff put your tenant out.  5, record 22, English, - be%20given%20judgment

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

These people had to fight the government, but they managed to win their case before the Supreme Court.  4, record 22, English, - be%20given%20judgment

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ces personnes ont dû se battre contre le gouvernement, mais elles ont réussi à gagner leur cause en Cour suprême.  3, record 22, French, - obtenir%20gain%20de%20cause

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

D'autres commettent des crimes majeurs, présentent une défense fondée sur l'aliénation mentale et ont gain de cause. Il s'agit d'un autre problème.  3, record 22, French, - obtenir%20gain%20de%20cause

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On 17 July 2003, a "junior judge" of the Court of Appeal dismissed the application on the basis that the author had failed...  2, record 23, English, - junior%20judge

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le 17 juillet 2003, un «juge débutant» de la cour d'appel a rejeté la requête au motif que l'auteur n'avait pas démontré [...]  1, record 23, French, - juge%20d%C3%A9butant

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A party in a previously related civil case who was in a similar position and dealt with similar issues and facts as a party in the current case and so had the same motive as the current party in developing testimony at trial.  2, record 24, English, - predecessor%20in%20interest

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In addition to all other cases where testimony in prior proceedings may now be lawfully received as evidence... c) where the party against whom such evidence or unsworn statement is tendered or his predecessor in interest or other privy was represented before such previous court, commission, board, tribunal or body and either called such person or had an opportunity to examine or question such person, the testimony or statement of such person is admissible as evidence.  3, record 24, English, - predecessor%20in%20interest

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En plus de tous les autres cas où des témoignages rendus dans des procédures antérieures peuvent maintenant être légalement reçus en preuve [...] c) lorsque la partie contre laquelle ce témoignage ou cette déclaration non faite sous serment est présentée, le détenteur précédant de ces mêmes droits ou autre ayant cause était représenté devant la cour, la commission, le conseil, l’office, le tribunal ou l’organisme et qu’il a appelé cette personne comme témoin ou a eu l’occasion de l’interroger, le témoignage ou la déclaration de cette personne est admissible en preuve.  3, record 24, French, - d%C3%A9tenteur%20pr%C3%A9c%C3%A9dant%20des%20m%C3%AAmes%20droits

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Smith v. State Industrial Court, supra, respondent had tendered compliance with the awarding order, then said award would not have borne interest during the pendency of that case in this Court.  1, record 25, English, - awarding%20order

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'ordonnance qui ordonne la vente par voie d'adjudication judiciaire rendue à la demande du liquidateur ou d'un créancier poursuivant comporte, outre les indications mentionnées à l'article R. 642-22 [...] du code des procédures civiles d'exécution.  2, record 25, French, - ordonnance%20d%27adjudication

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Upon a review of the record, the Court found that Industry Canada's submission addressed the possible relationship between the staffing decisions and the complainant's disability and this had not been included in the investigator's report.  3, record 26, English, - complainant%27s%20disability

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Après examen du dossier, la Cour estima que les arguments d'Industrie Canada considéraient la relation possible entre les décisions de dotation en personnel et la déficience du plaignant et que ce fait n'avait pas été inclus dans le rapport de l'enquête.  2, record 26, French, - d%C3%A9ficience%20du%20plaignant

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The parties had not submitted the constitutional question to the Court of Appeal, and the particular rules of procedure in such a case had not been observed.  2, record 27, English, - constitutional%20question

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La question constitutionnelle ne lui avait pas été soumise par les parties, et les règles de procédures particulières dans un tel cas n'avaient pas été respectées. C'est pourquoi, dans le cadre de son analyse, la Cour a rejeté l'argument que l'intervenante [...] avait fait valoir [...]  4, record 27, French, - question%20constitutionnelle

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the Court specifically rejected the suggestion that the Crown had to prove voice identification on the tape beyond reasonable doubt before leaving the evidence on the taped conversation to the jury.(Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 406)  1, record 28, English, - voice%20identification

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme général se rapportant à la déclaration d'une personne (suspect, accusé ou autre) entendue par un témoin qui ne se trouvait pas face à face avec le déclarant, que la déclaration ait été enregistrée ou non (il peut s'agir d'une affaire pénale ou civile, et pas forcément d'écoute électronique ou clandestine).  1, record 28, French, - identification%20de%20la%20voix

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS

identification de la voix : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 28, French, - identification%20de%20la%20voix

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The practice of throwing a coin in the air to resolve a dispute between two parties or otherwise choose between two alternatives.  4, record 29, English, - coin%20toss

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The actual NFL [National Football League] rule is that the team winning the coin toss elects whether to choose which team kicks off, or whether to choose which team defends which end, in the first quarter; the other team makes the other one of the two choices, and then makes the same election at the start of the third quarter.  4, record 29, English, - coin%20toss

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The winner is the one who had chosen the side on top after the coin or the object comes to a rest. Depending on the rules of the game, he/she chooses to play first or second, serve or receive, use the right side or the left side of the court, etc.  5, record 29, English, - coin%20toss

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

CURLING. In curling, delivering first or second is decided by a coin toss; since delivering last in an end or in a game is an advantage, the winner of the coin toss usually chooses to deliver second.  5, record 29, English, - coin%20toss

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Lancer dans les airs ou tournoiement d'un objet à deux faces pour déterminer un gagnant (choix de terrain ou ordre de jeu) selon le côté de l'objet qui se retrouve dessus, les deux adversaires ayant auparavant opté pour l'un des côtés.  4, record 29, French, - tirage%20%C3%A0%20pile%20ou%20face

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Avant le début de match, l'arbitre procède à un tirage à pile ou face. L'équipe gagnante choisit sa moitié de terrain pour la première mi-temps tandis que l'autre prend possession du ballon après le coup de sifflet.  5, record 29, French, - tirage%20%C3%A0%20pile%20ou%20face

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Si les deux équipes n'exercent pas leur option de plaidoirie ou si une égalité ne peut être brisée en vertu des dispositions de l'article 12.4.5 du Règlement officiel, l'Administrateur devra déterminer l'option de plaidoirie par un tirage au sort à pile ou face (la désignation de plaidoirie automatique).  6, record 29, French, - tirage%20%C3%A0%20pile%20ou%20face

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le gagnant est celui qui a choisi le côté visible lorsque la pièce retombe à plat. Selon les règles du jeu, il/elle choisit de jouer en premier ou en second, de servir ou de recevoir, d'occuper le côté gauche ou le côté droit du terrain, etc.  4, record 29, French, - tirage%20%C3%A0%20pile%20ou%20face

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

CURLING. Au curling, on tire au sort avec une pièce de monnaie la possibilité de lancer en premier ou en second; puisqu'il est avantageux de lancer la dernière pierre d'une manche, le vainqueur du tirage au sort choisit habituellement de lancer en second.  4, record 29, French, - tirage%20%C3%A0%20pile%20ou%20face

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Antes de cada juego se hará un sorteo a cara o cruz entre los entrenadores para determinar cuál de los extremos ocupa cada equipo.  1, record 29, Spanish, - sorteo%20a%20cara%20o%20cruz

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La elección de campo y el derecho a ser el que saca o el que resta en el primer juego, se decidirá por sorteo. El que lo gane puede escoger o requerir a su adversario a que elija.  3, record 29, Spanish, - sorteo%20a%20cara%20o%20cruz

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

El orden de saque se establecerá por sorteo, antes del inicio del partido [...]  3, record 29, Spanish, - sorteo%20a%20cara%20o%20cruz

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Fraseología relacionada: echar a suertes quién sacará primero (cara o cruz, etc.).  4, record 29, Spanish, - sorteo%20a%20cara%20o%20cruz

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where rights of water are created by deed, the court cannot take into consideration the rights which the parties would have had as riparian owners or otherwise, and the nature and extent of their interest must be regulated wholly by the deed.(Wisdom, Rivers and Water courses, 4th ed., 1929, p. 114).  1, record 30, English, - right%20of%20water

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce terme peut se rapporter à un «easement of water» ou à un «natural right of water» ou à l'un et l'autre.  1, record 30, French, - droit%20sur%20l%27eau

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

droit sur l'eau : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 30, French, - droit%20sur%20l%27eau

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The language of the statutes in the various provinces implies that what is done in resealing is not the making of a grant by the Court which reseals, but the endorsation by that Court of a grant made by a Court in the United Kingdom, some other province of Canada, or other British Province, so as to give to the original grant the same force and effect in the province in which it is resealed as if it had originally been granted by the Court resealing it.(Hull & Cullity, Macdonell, Sheard and Hull on Probate Practice, 3rd ed., 1981, p. 314)  1, record 31, English, - resealing

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réapposition du sceau : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 31, French, - r%C3%A9apposition%20du%20sceau

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The interests in property which were created and enforced by the Court of Chancery, where it would have been against conscience to permit the legal owner of property to keep the benefit of property for himself; "e. g. "a trustee had the legal estate in the trust property, but he was compelled to hold the property on behalf of the beneficiaries whose interests were merely equitable.(Osborn's, 6th ed., 1976, p. 134).  1, record 32, English, - equitable%20interest

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

intérêt en equity : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 32, French, - int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20en%20equity

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Before the enactment of the Statute of Uses, 1535, the Court of Chancery held that as soon as a bargain and sale of land had been completed, the bargainor or vendor was seised of(or held) the land to the use(that is to say, for the benefit) of the bargainee or purchaser, so that the bargainor became a trustee for the bargainee. The Statute of Uses, 1535, executed the use in favour of the bargainee, that is to say, gave him the same estate or interest in the land as the bargainor had before the bargain and sale.(Jowitt, p. 190)  1, record 33, English, - bargainor

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

vendeur sur marché; venderesse sur marché : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 33, French, - vendeur%20sur%20march%C3%A9

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Before the enactment of the Statute of Uses, 1535, the Court of Chancery held that as soon as a bargain and sale of land had been completed, the bargainor or vendor was seised of(or held) the land to the use(that is to say, for the benefit) of the bargainee or purchaser, so that the bargainor became a trustee for the bargainee. The Statute of Uses, 1535, executed the use in favour of the bargainee, that is to say, gave him the same estate or interest in the land as the bargainor had before the bargain and sale.(Jowitt, p. 190)  1, record 34, English, - bargainee

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

acquéreur sur marché; acquéresse sur marché : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 34, French, - acqu%C3%A9reur%20sur%20march%C3%A9

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bargain and sale. Generally applies to land and refers to a contract for the sale of any estate or interest in real property or chattels followed by payment of the agreed purchase price. The phrase is also applied to transfer of personalty where there is an executory agreement of sale followed by a completed sale. Formerly, the Court of Chancery held that after a bargain and sale the vendor held the land to the use of, or for the benefit of, the purchaser. In 1536 the Statute of Uses executed the use in favour of the purchaser, thus giving him the same interest in the land as the vendor had. However, bargain and sale as a method of conveyancing has now become obsolete.(Yogis, p. 25)  1, record 35, English, - bargain%20and%20sale

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

vente sur marché : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 35, French, - vente%20sur%20march%C3%A9

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The basis of prescription is that if long enjoyment of a right is shown, the court will strive to uphold the right by presuming that it had a lawful origin. Thus the court may presume, on proof of the fact of long enjoyment that there once was an actual grant of the right, even though it is impossible to produce any direct evidence of such a grant. It is then "the habit, and in my view the duty, of the court, so far as it lawfully can, to clothe the fact with right". "The court is endowed with a great power of imagination for the purpose of supporting ancient user. "(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 841).  1, record 36, English, - ancient%20user

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

usage ancien : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 36, French, - usage%20ancien

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The Court of Appeal] reaffirmed as still valid the over-all assessment of the Supreme Court in 1988 that the French language in Quebec was vulnerable, even if progress had since been made in enhancing the use of French in the provincial economy and in slowing the linguistic assimilation of immigrants to Quebec into the English-speaking minority.  1, record 37, English, - linguistic%20assimilation

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La cour [d'appel] a confirmé de nouveau, comme étant toujours valide, l'évaluation générale que la Cour suprême avait faite en 1988, à savoir qu'au Québec la langue française était vulnérable, même si l'on avait réalisé des progrès depuis cette époque pour ce qui était d'améliorer l'utilisation du français dans l'économie de la province et de freiner l'assimilation linguistique des immigrants du Québec au sein de la minorité anglophone.  1, record 37, French, - assimilation%20linguistique

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Federal Court decision was appealed to the Federal Court of Appeal(FCA) by the Attorney General. In December 2008, the FCA quashed the decision of the Federal Court, concluding that the Registrar was entitled to conduct an investigation once he had reasonable grounds to believe that a breach of the Code had occurred, even if the person under investigation had not registered as a lobbyist.  1, record 38, English, - breach%20of%20the%20Code

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le procureur général a fait appel de la décision de la Cour fédérale devant la Cour d'appel fédérale (CAF). En décembre 2008, la CAF a annulé la décision de la Cour fédérale, concluant que le directeur des lobbyistes était habilité à faire enquête s'il avait des motifs raisonnables de penser qu'une infraction au Code avait été commise, même si la personne sous enquête n'était pas enregistrée comme lobbyiste.  1, record 38, French, - infraction%20au%20Code

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A majority of the Court of Appeal overturned the decision with respect to the sexual assaults on the grounds that the trial judge had failed to consider the serious inconsistencies in H's testimony in determining whether the alleged sexual assaults had been proven to the standard of proof that was “commensurate with the allegation”, and had failed to scrutinize the evidence in the manner required.  1, record 39, English, - serious%20inconsistencies

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les juges majoritaires de la Cour d’appel ont infirmé sa décision quant aux agressions sexuelles au motif qu’elle avait omis de prendre en compte les contradictions importantes du témoignage de H pour déterminer si les agressions sexuelles avaient été prouvées suivant la norme de preuve « proportionnée à l’allégation » et qu’elle n’avait pas examiné la preuve aussi attentivement qu’elle l’aurait dû.  1, record 39, French, - contradictions%20importantes

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A payment made to a person by Canada or Nova Scotia in respect of loss or presumed loss of income by reason of unemployment, loss of the principal family provider, illness, disability or age.  3, record 40, English, - income%20maintenance%20payment

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The appellant husband took three points in his appeal to this Court....(Secondly) it was his contention that the Court of Appeal had no power to order security to be provided for the periodic maintenance payments where such payments were not to come out of the security but were to be made independently, with the security to stand as a guarantee of payment.  4, record 40, English, - income%20maintenance%20payment

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Maintenance payments differ from alimony payments in that they refer to the support payments made to the wife for her support by her former husband after the termination of the marriage relationship, whereas alimony payments are paid out where the marriage is still subsisting.  5, record 40, English, - income%20maintenance%20payment

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les gouvernements fédéral, provinciaux et territoriaux doivent étudier sérieusement la création d'un système de versement d'allocation d'entretien à l'avance afin d'aider les parents seuls à subvenir aux besoins de leurs enfants. L'omission de faire les versements de pension alimentaire et d'allocation d'entretien ordonnés par la cour est un problème de longue date au Canada, et la seule solution est peut-être de demander aux gouvernements de faire directement les versements aux parents qui ont la garde des enfants et de recouvrer ce qu'ils peuvent auprès des parents qui n'en ont pas obtenu la garde.  2, record 40, French, - versement%20d%27allocation%20d%27entretien

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A point of law presented in assignments of error or brief on appeal.  3, record 41, English, - proposition%20of%20law

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In that case Viscount Cave held on the facts that there had been a specific reference and was not prepared to hold that the arbitrator had acted illegally. None of the members of the Court expressed any dissent from Viscount Cave's statement of the law... That case did not state a proposition of law different from that of Viscount Cave, whose statement should not be flatly rejected.  2, record 41, English, - proposition%20of%20law

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Proposition: statement, assertion.  4, record 41, English, - proposition%20of%20law

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Not to be confused with "proposition" which means a proposed law submitted to the voters at an election. See Ballentine’s Law Dictionary, 1969, p. 1011.  2, record 41, English, - proposition%20of%20law

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

D'après les faits dans cette affaire, le vicomte Cave a jugé qu'il y avait eu présentation spécifique d'une question d'interprétation à l'arbitre et il n'était pas prêt à statuer que l'arbitre avait agi illégalement. Aucun membre de la Cour n'a exprimé de dissidence sur l'énoncé du droit formulé par le vicomte Cave ... Cet arrêt n'a pas formulé un énoncé de droit différent de celui formulé par le vicomte Cave, lequel ne doit pas être rejeté totalement.  1, record 41, French, - %C3%A9nonc%C3%A9%20de%20droit

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Énoncé : ce qui est exposé dans un acte ou l'une de ses parties; ... formulation (CAJUR, 1987, p. 307); ne pas confondre avec "proposition de loi" qui désigne un texte proposé pour être adopté comme loi, et émanant de l'initiative parlementaire (par opposition à projet de loi). voir Vocabulaire juridique (H. Capitant), 1987, p. 264.  1, record 41, French, - %C3%A9nonc%C3%A9%20de%20droit

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Source citée pour les contextes contenant les vedettes «proposition of law», «statement of the law» et «énoncé de droit» : Volvo Canada Ltd c. T.U.A., local 720, (1980) 1 R.C.S., 181.  1, record 41, French, - %C3%A9nonc%C3%A9%20de%20droit

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Court holds that plaintiff entered into a binding online click-wrap agreement by clicking an ’I Agree’ icon, which indicated he had read, understood and agreed to the terms of the parties’ contract. The contract's terms were available for review online by clicking on a link which appeared on the Register. com website just above the ’I Agree’ icon.  5, record 42, English, - online%20click%2Dwrap%20agreement

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Contrat associé au cybercommerce, notamment à l'achat de logiciels par Internet ou à leur téléchargement, qui établit les conditions d'un contrat dans un environnement en ligne.  2, record 42, French, - contrat%20d%27achat%20en%20ligne

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une convention d'achat en ligne établit les conditions d'un contrat dans un environnement en ligne et il s'agit d'une sorte de convention type, car une partie rédige les conditions de la convention sans consulter l'autre ou les autres parties ou sans les négocier avec elles. Une convention d'achat en ligne apparaît habituellement comme une boîte de dialogue à l'écran du client, lorsque ce dernier cherche à télécharger un logiciel ou à commander des biens ou des services en ligne. La boîte de dialogue contient les conditions et les modalités de la licence ou de la vente que le consommateur reçoit, question d'examiner avant d'accepter en cliquant sur un bouton au bas de la boîte de dialogue.  2, record 42, French, - contrat%20d%27achat%20en%20ligne

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where no property had been saved and life alone had been preserved from destruction, no suit for a salvage reward could be maintained in the Admiralty Court, one being that there could be no proceedings in rem, which was the ancient foundation of the salvage suit.  1, record 43, English, - salvage%20suit

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Accordingly, we find that the Plaintiffs in the present action had no precedent obligation to pay the disputed taxes under protest before bringing their claims, and we affirm the finding of the lower court on this issue.  3, record 44, English, - precedent%20obligation

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 CONT

This decision ... can nonetheless be regarded as having unequivocally held a formal undertaking to arbitrate to be invalid, while the undertaking to arbitrate which creates only a prejudicial obligation could expect to have more favorable treatment.  2, record 44, English, - precedent%20obligation

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En droit judiciaire, obligation qu'il incombe au demandeur d'exécuter avant qu'il n'intente son action.  2, record 44, French, - obligation%20pr%C3%A9judicielle

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On peut tout de même considérer que cette décision [...] avait affirmé de façon non équivoque la nullité de la clause compromissoire formelle tandis que la clause compromissoire qui ne créait qu'une obligation préjudicielle pouvait espérer un sort plus favorable.  3, record 44, French, - obligation%20pr%C3%A9judicielle

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le défendeur peut, par moyen dilatoire, demander l'arrêt de la poursuite lorsqu'il a droit d'exiger du demandeur l'exécution de quelque obligation préjudicielle.  2, record 44, French, - obligation%20pr%C3%A9judicielle

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This amount may be reduced where the defendant was unaware and had no reasonable grounds to believe he was infringing copyright, or as the court considers just  2, record 45, English, - reasonable%20ground%20to%20believe

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le montant peut être réduit lorsque le défendeur n'était pas conscient et n'avait aucun motif raisonnable de penser qu'il commettait une contrefaçon de droit d'auteur, ou selon ce que le tribunal considère juste.  2, record 45, French, - motif%20raisonnable%20de%20penser

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A trial in which there are adversaries before the court who have had full opportunity to present and establish their opposing contentions.  2, record 46, English, - adversary%20trial

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] lors d'un procès, les principaux droits de la défense sont d'avoir un procès contradictoire, juste et équitable, et dans un délai raisonnable.  2, record 46, French, - proc%C3%A8s%20contradictoire

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A person’s knowledge that an act is wrongful while the person commits the act.  2, record 47, English, - bad%20motive

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The court also held that the abuse of process claim was not cognizable because only defendant Nuñez was alleged to have had a bad motive; bringing a lawsuit was not an abuse of process...  3, record 47, English, - bad%20motive

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Motif découlant de la connaissance d'une personne que la commission d'une infraction est mauvaise.  2, record 47, French, - motif%20pr%C3%A9judiciable

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le message incitant à se manifester «au mieux dans les 48 heures pour être efficace» leur apparu le seul motif préjudiciable. N'incitant pas les gens à se manifester dans les premières heures, comme cela est recommandé, il ne représentait pas un véritable message de protection de santé publique.  1, record 47, French, - motif%20pr%C3%A9judiciable

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Court added that a plausible and liberal interpretation of the word "institution", based on analysis of the ordinary meaning of the wording of the provision, was not consistent with the legislative intent and so had to be rejected.  3, record 48, English, - legislative%20intent

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Cour a ajouté qu'une interprétation plausible et libérale du terme «institution», fondée sur l'analyse du seul sens ordinaire du libellé de cette disposition ne s'harmonisait pas avec l'intention du législateur et devait donc être rejetée.  2, record 48, French, - intention%20du%20l%C3%A9gislateur

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Agreement reached for political reasons somewhere between two opposing viewpoints.  2, record 49, English, - political%20compromise

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the [Beaulac] case, the Court held that the fact that language rights resulted from a political compromise had no effect on their scope and that such "rights" must in all cases be interpreted purposively, in a manner consistent with the preservation and development of official language communities in Canada.  3, record 49, English, - political%20compromise

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Entente conclue pour des motifs politiques entre des parties qui cèdent toutes un peu de leurs demandes.  2, record 49, French, - compromis%20politique

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans l'affaire [Beaulac], la Cour a déterminé que le fait que les droits linguistiques soient issus d'un compromis politique n'a aucun effet sur leur étendue et que ces droits «doivent dans tous les cas être interprétés en fonction de leur objet, de façon compatible avec le maintien et l'épanouissement des collectivités de langue officielle au Canada».  3, record 49, French, - compromis%20politique

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[In] Thibodeau v. Air Canada, the Federal Court concluded that Air Canada was subject to an obligation of result and had to ensure that its subsidiaries complied with their language obligations, which consist of providing services and communications of equal quality in both official languages.  1, record 50, English, - language%20obligation

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Dans] l'affaire Thibodeau c. Air Canada, la Cour fédérale a conclu qu'Air Canada était tenue à une obligation de résultat et devait s'assurer que ses filiales se conforment à leurs obligations linguistiques, qui consistent à fournir des services et des communications de qualité égale dans les deux langues officielles.  1, record 50, French, - obligation%20linguistique

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Despite the errors of law that had occurred in the lower courts, the Crown argued before the Supreme Court that the circumstances did not warrant overturning a guilty verdict against the accused. It relied on provisions in the Criminal Code designed to avoid the setting aside of convictions when only relatively minor or harmless errors of law had been committed. This characterization of the breach of language rights in the case at bar was unacceptable to the Supreme Court.  1, record 51, English, - breach%20of%20language%20rights

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Malgré les erreurs de droit qui avaient été commises lors des instances précédentes, le ministère public a soutenu devant la Cour suprême que les circonstances ne justifiaient pas que l'on infirme la déclaration de culpabilité de l'accusé. Il s'est fié aux dispositions du Code criminel visant à éviter l'infirmation des déclarations de culpabilité dans le cas d'erreurs de droit relativement mineures ou sans conséquence. Une telle description de la violation des droits linguistiques en l'espèce a été jugée inacceptable par la Cour suprême.  1, record 51, French, - violation%20des%20droits%20linguistiques

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Court [of Appeal of Quebec] reviewed in detail the work of numerous commissions that had studied and reported on the condition of the French language in Quebec and Canada, past statutory frameworks designed to promote its use and development as a primary language of school instruction, constitutional changes introduced in 1982 and the litigation that subsequently ensued.  1, record 52, English, - primary%20language%20of%20school%20instruction

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Cour [d'appel du Québec] a examiné en détail les rapports des études menées par plusieurs commissions sur la situation de la langue française au Québec et au Canada, les cadres législatifs antérieurs visant à favoriser l'utilisation et le développement du français comme première langue d'enseignement, ainsi que sur les changements constitutionnels introduits en 1982 et les litiges qui en découlaient.  1, record 52, French, - premi%C3%A8re%20langue%20d%27enseignement

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Finally, on the question of costs and related charges, Mr. Knopf had referred to subsection 81(2) of the OLA [Official Language Act], which provides that where a court is of the opinion that an application raises an important new principle in relation to the Act, it shall order that costs be awarded to the applicant.  1, record 53, English, - question%20of%20costs

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Finalement, sur la question des dépens et des frais afférents, M. Knopf avait invoqué le paragraphe 81(2) de la LLO [Loi sur les langues officielles] qui prévoit qu'un tribunal accordera les frais et les dépens à l'auteur d'un recours dans les cas où il estime que l'objet du recours soulève un principe important et nouveau quant à cette loi.  1, record 53, French, - question%20des%20d%C3%A9pens

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Court of Appeal also identified factors that appear more significant when interpreting ss. 23(2) of the Charter. It pointed out that the framers of ss. 23(2) must have had in mind the situation of children who had not yet completed their schooling, as well as the principle of inter-provincial mobility found in section 6 of the same Charter.  1, record 54, English, - principle%20of%20inter%2Dprovincial%20mobility

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Cour d'appel a également cerné des facteurs qui paraissent plus importants lorsque l'on interprète le paragraphe 23(2) de la Charte. Elle a fait remarquer que les rédacteurs de cette disposition devaient avoir à l'esprit le cas des enfants n'ayant pas encore terminé leurs études, ainsi que le principe de la mobilité interprovinciale dont il est question à l'article 6 de la même Charte.  1, record 54, French, - principe%20de%20la%20mobilit%C3%A9%20interprovinciale

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 55,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In Donnie Doucet, the Federal Court had to determine the constitutionality of the Official Languages Regulations defining the obligation of the [Royal Canadian Mounted Police] RCMP to provide services based on the "significant demand" test rather than in accordance with the "nature of the office" test.  1, record 55, English, - %5C%22nature%20of%20the%20office%5C%22%20test

Record 55,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans l'affaire Donnie Doucet, la Cour fédérale était appelée à évaluer la constitutionnalité du Règlement sur les langues officielles qui définit l'obligation de la GRC [Gendarmerie royale du Canada] en matière de services en fonction du critère de la «demande importante» plutôt qu'en fonction du critère de la «vocation du bureau».  1, record 55, French, - crit%C3%A8re%20de%20la%20%C2%ABvocation%20du%20bureau%C2%BB

Record 55,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 56,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Superior Court pointed out that the Ontario Court of Appeal in a previous decision had already determined that these statutory provisions did not oblige the police to provide a sworn translation of particulars set out in an information, although other constitutional rights to a fair and equitable trial would oblige the Crown, on demand of the accused, to translate the particulars into his preferred official language.  1, record 56, English, - sworn%20translation%20of%20particulars

Record 56,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Cour supérieure a fait remarquer que, dans une décision antérieure, la Cour d'appel de l'Ontario avait déjà déterminé que ces dispositions législatives n'obligent pas la police à fournir une traduction assermentée des détails indiqués dans une dénonciation, mais que d'autres droits constitutionnels à un procès juste et équitable obligeraient la Couronne, à la demande de l'accusé, de faire traduire les détails dans la langue officielle de son choix.  1, record 56, French, - traduction%20asserment%C3%A9e%20des%20d%C3%A9tails

Record 56,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 57,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The official language obligations of the RCMP when engaged under contract to enforce provincial penal statutes were at issue in a recent decision of the Provincial Court of Nova Scotia. The case involved a routine issuance of a speeding ticket during which the driver's use of French with the RCMP officer(who was unilingual in English) had no impact on the language in which communications took place.  1, record 57, English, - speeding%20ticket

Record 57,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les obligations qui sont imposées à la GRC en matière de langues officielles lorsque cette dernière est engagée à contrat pour faire respecter les lois pénales provinciales ont été mises en question dans une récente décision de la Cour provinciale de la Nouvelle-Écosse. Il était question dans cette affaire de la délivrance routinière d'une contravention pour excès de vitesse, opération au cours de laquelle le fait que le conducteur avait parlé en français à l'agent de la GRC (qui ne s'exprimait qu'en anglais) n'avait eu aucun effet sur la langue dans laquelle l'échange s'était déroulé.  1, record 57, French, - contravention%20pour%20exc%C3%A8s%20de%20vitesse

Record 57,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 58,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 CONT

But, more importantly, the Court, having anchored itself to the written text of the Constitution, was also of the opinion that the unwritten constitutional imperatives that had led to the necessary judicial modifications to the common law rules on the mobility of jurisprudence should now be applied "to the provincial legislatures as well as to the courts"(p. 324, letter e) : the unwritten constitutional imperatives were now elevated to the level of the written Constitution itself.  1, record 58, English, - unwritten%20constitutional%20imperative

Record 58,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mais, ce qui est le plus important, c'est que la Cour, s'étant arrimée sur les textes écrits de la Constitution, était également d'avis que les impératifs constitutionnels non-écrits qui avaient apporté les modifications requises aux règles de common law portant sur la libre circulation de la jurisprudence devaient maintenant s'appliquer également tant «aux législatures provinciales qu'aux tribunaux» (p. 324, lettre e) : les impératifs non-écrits étaient maintenant élevés au rang de la Constitution écrite elle-même.  1, record 58, French, - imp%C3%A9ratif%20constititionnel%20non%20%C3%A9crit

Record 58,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 59,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 59, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In rendering judgement on the interlocutory motion, the Court observed that none of the parties to the action had yet produced a list of pertinent documentary evidence, nor had any pre-trial discovery involving parties and witnesses taken place. There was in effect a complete factual vacuum underpinning the cause of action at that point.  1, record 59, English, - factual%20vacuum

Record 59,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 59, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En rendant jugement sur la requête interlocutoire, la Cour a fait remarquer qu'aucune des parties à l'action n'avait encore produit une liste de preuves documentaires pertinentes, et aucune communication préalable mettant en cause des parties et des témoins n'avait eu lieu. En fait, à ce stade-là, la cause d'action s'appuyait sur un vide factuel complet.  1, record 59, French, - vide%20factuel

Record 59,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 60,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 60, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In that case, the Supreme Court had suspended the operation of its declaration of invalidity against unilingual Manitoba statutes for a period of time necessary to allow the province to readopt and reissue its laws in both official languages.  1, record 60, English, - declaration%20of%20invalidity

Record 60,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 60, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Cour d'appel a donc suspendu sa déclaration d'invalidité pendant un an afin que le gouvernement du Nouveau-Brunswick puisse prendre les mesures nécessaires pour rectifier la violation constitutionnelle.  1, record 60, French, - d%C3%A9claration%20d%27invalidit%C3%A9

Record 60,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 61,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 61, Textual support number: 1 CONT

That case also raised the question of whether the Federal Court had jurisdiction to apply the [Official Languages Act](OLA) to the House and to order a remedy, or whether the latter could rely on its inherent constitutional privilege with respect to publication of its proceedings.  1, record 61, English, - constitutional%20privilege

Record 61,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 61, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette affaire soulevait également la question à savoir si la Cour fédérale avait compétence pour appliquer la [Loi sur les langues officielles] (LLO) à la Chambre et pour ordonner une réparation ou si cette dernière pouvait invoquer son privilège constitutionnel inhérent concernant la publication de ses travaux.  1, record 61, French, - privil%C3%A8ge%20constitutionnel

Record 61,  Textual support,  Spanish