TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Concluded at The Hague, October 18, 1907, as Convention No. VI of the Second Peace Conference.  3, record 1, English, - Convention%20relative%20to%20the%20Status%20of%20Enemy%20Merchant%2Dships%20at%20the%20Outbreak%20of%20Hostilities

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

for "Hague Convention VI of 18 October 1907 (unofficial)" : Whereas legal documents and comments quote the title of this convention in full, some military manuals refer to the same act by indicating the convention and the protocol number only.  3, record 1, English, - Convention%20relative%20to%20the%20Status%20of%20Enemy%20Merchant%2Dships%20at%20the%20Outbreak%20of%20Hostilities

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Hague Convention VI of 18 October 1907 (unofficial)  2, record 1, English, - Convention%20relative%20to%20the%20Status%20of%20Enemy%20Merchant%2Dships%20at%20the%20Outbreak%20of%20Hostilities

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convention VI de La Haye du 18 octobre 1907 (non officiel)  1, record 1, French, - Convention%20VI%20relative%20au%20r%C3%A9gime%20des%20navires%20de%20commerce%20ennemis%20au%20d%C3%A9but%20des%20hostilit%C3%A9s

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Concluded at The Hague, October 18, 1907, as Convention No. XIII of the Second Peace Conference.  3, record 2, English, - Convention%20concerning%20the%20Rights%20and%20Duties%20of%20Neutral%20Powers%20in%20Naval%20War

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

for "Hague Convention No. XIII of 18 October 1907 (unofficial)" : Whereas legal documents and comments quote the title of this convention in full, some military manuals refer to the same act by indicating the convention and the protocol number only.  3, record 2, English, - Convention%20concerning%20the%20Rights%20and%20Duties%20of%20Neutral%20Powers%20in%20Naval%20War

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Hague Convention No. XIII of 18 October 1907 (unofficial)  2, record 2, English, - Convention%20concerning%20the%20Rights%20and%20Duties%20of%20Neutral%20Powers%20in%20Naval%20War

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convention XIII de La Haye du 18 octobre 1907 (non officiel)  1, record 2, French, - Convention%20XIII%20concernant%20les%20droits%20et%20les%20devoirs%20des%20puissances%20neutres%20en%20cas%20de%20guerre%20maritime

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

parliamentary: one sent under a flag of truce to treat with an enemy.  1, record 3, English, - parliamentary

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 DEF

flag of truce: the bearer of such a flag.  1, record 3, English, - parliamentary

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The position of... parliamentaries is now defined in Art. 32-34 of the Rules annexed to Convention II of the First and Convention IV of the Second Hague Peace Conference. Parliamentaries are in the terms of Art. 32 "individus autorisés par l'un des belligérants, à entrer en pourparlers avec l'autre et se présentant avec le drapeau blanc. "Such negotiators may claim the privilege of personal inviolability together with those accompanying him; a trumpeter, clarion-blower or drummer, a flag-bearer and an interpreter. The commander to whom a parliamentary is sent is not obliged to receive him under all circumstances and is entitled to take all necessary steps in order to prevent him from abusing his mission and privileges, and may take sanctions against him(Art. 33 and 34).  2, record 3, English, - parliamentary

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Individu, généralement un officier, envoyé en mission par l'un des belligérants auprès des forces ennemies pour porter à leur chef une communication ou pour entrer en négociations avec lui.  1, record 3, French, - parlementaire

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

C'est au moyen de parlementaires que se font d'ordinaire les communications régulières avec l'ennemi. On donne le nom de parlementaires aux individus appartenant ou non à l'armée, militaires ou non-militaires, qui se rendent, au nom de l'un des belligérants, auprès des troupes ennemies, soit comme porteurs de communications verbales ou écrites, soit comme négociateurs, pour débattre avec le chef de ces troupes, les clauses de certaines conventions telles que suspension d'armes, armistices, capitulations, etc., soit pour entrer en tous autres pourparlers avec ce chef sur des objets concernant la guerre, pour faire des sommations, pour faire ou pour écouter des propositions.  1, record 3, French, - parlementaire

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The League of Nations Conference for the Codification of International Law(1930, the Hague) dealt with the breadth of the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the high seas, the continental shelf, fishing and the conservation of living resources.  2, record 4, English, - Conference%20for%20the%20Codification%20of%20International%20Law

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En 1930 à La Haye (Pays-Bas).  2, record 4, French, - Conf%C3%A9rence%20pour%20la%20codification%20du%20droit%20international

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Hague, 1980.  2, record 5, English, - Convention%20on%20the%20Civil%20Aspects%20of%20International%20Child%20Abduction

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Adopted on October 25, 1980 by the Hague Conference on Private International Law  3, record 5, English, - Convention%20on%20the%20Civil%20Aspects%20of%20International%20Child%20Abduction

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Haye, 1980.  2, record 5, French, - Convention%20sur%20les%20aspects%20civils%20de%20l%27enl%C3%A8vement%20international%20d%27enfants

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Haya, 1980.  2, record 5, Spanish, - Convenci%C3%B3n%20sobre%20los%20Aspectos%20Civiles%20del%20Secuestro%20Internacional%20de%20Ni%C3%B1os

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Martens Clause is indisputably one of the contemporary legal myths of the international community. Being particularly ambiguous, it has been variously interpreted. The author dismisses the more radical interpretation whereby the clause upgrades to the rank of sources of international law the "laws of humanity" and the "dictates of public conscience". The other, less extreme interpretation, whereby the clause merely serves to reject a possible a contrario argument, is equally without merit. He suggests that the clause was essentially conceived of, at the 1899 Hague Peace Conference, as diplomatic gimmick intended to break a deadlock in the negotiations between smaller and Great Powers. The clause could nevertheless be given a twofold legal significance. First, it could operate at the interpretative level : incase of doubt international rules of humanitarian law should be construed in a manner consonant with standards of humanity and the demands of public conscience. Secondly, the clause, while operating within the existing system of international sources, could serve to loosen-in relation solely to the specific field of humanitarian law-the requirements prescribed for usus whilst at the same time raising opinio to a rank higher than normarly admitted.  2, record 6, English, - Martens%20clause

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Martens clause: Expression reproduced from the Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.  3, record 6, English, - Martens%20clause

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Enunciada en el preámbulo de la Convención de la Haya de 1907 y reproducida en el párr. 2 del art. 1 del Protocolo I adicional a los Convenios de Ginebra de 1949. El comentario de la Cruz Roja sobre ese párrafo decía, entre otras cosas: "La cláusula de Martens impide interpretar que todo lo que no está expresamente prohibido en los tratados pertinentes está autorizado".  1, record 6, Spanish, - cl%C3%A1usula%20de%20Martens

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cláusula de Martens: Expresión y contexto reproducidos del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  2, record 6, Spanish, - cl%C3%A1usula%20de%20Martens

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In former times International Law empowered States when war was impending, or at its outbreak, to lay an embargo upon all enemy merchantmen in their harbours in order to confiscate them. Further, enemy merchantmen at sea could at the outbreak of war be captured and confiscated, although they did not even know of the outbreak of war. As regards enemy merchantmen in the harbours of the belligerents, it became, from 1854, during the Crimean War, a usage followed by some countries that no embargo should be laid on them for the purpose of confiscating them, and that a reasonable time, so-called days of grace, should be granted them to depart unmolested; but no rule was in existence until the Second Hague Conference of 1907, which produced a Convention(VI.) "relative to the Status of Enemy Merchant-ships at the Outbreak of hostilities».  3, record 7, English, - days%20of%20grace

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] une pratique plus libérale, consacrée par la VIe Convention de la Haye (18 oct. 1907), prévoyait le bénéfice de l'indult (ou délai de grâce) au profit des navires de commerce surpris en port ennemi au début des hostilités; dénoncée par le Royaume-Uni en 1925, cette libéralisation n'a plus trouvé d'application dans les faits [...].  2, record 7, French, - d%C3%A9lai%20de%20faveur

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme anglais «indult» est également employé dans les ouvrages français.  4, record 7, French, - d%C3%A9lai%20de%20faveur

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Concluded at The Hague, October 18, 1907, as Convention No. VII of the Second Peace Conference.  1, record 8, English, - Convention%20relative%20to%20the%20Conversion%20of%20Merchant%2Dships%20into%20War%2Dships

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Two different organizations with the same name :(1) based in Geneva, founded 1971; aims to promote the improvement of health with emphasis on health education, and facilitate delivery of cardiovascular care to high-risk individuals.(2) based in The Hague, founded 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development UNCED [United Nations Conference on Environment and Development] following suggestion of Mikhail Gorbachev; charter adopted 18-19 April 1993, Kyoto; also known as : International Green Cross/Green Crescent; aims to relieve man-made environmental disasters, promote value change for a sustainable future through education and communication.  1, record 9, English, - International%20Green%20Cross

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Hague Conference on Private International Law.  1, record 10, English, - Special%20Commission%20on%20Agency

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Concluded at The Hague, October 18, 1907, as Convention No. IX of the Second Peace Conference.  2, record 11, English, - Convention%20respecting%20Bombardment%20by%20Naval%20Forces%20in%20Time%20of%20War

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

for "Hague Convention No. IX of 18 October 1907 (unofficial)" : Whereas legal documents and comments quote the title of this convention in full, some military manuals refer to the same act by indicating the convention and the protocol number only.  2, record 11, English, - Convention%20respecting%20Bombardment%20by%20Naval%20Forces%20in%20Time%20of%20War

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convention IX de La Haye du 18 octobre 1907 (non officiel)  2, record 11, French, - Convention%20concernant%20le%20bombardement%20par%20des%20forces%20navales%20en%20temps%20de%20guerre

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Concluded at The Hague, October 18, 1907, as Convention No. VIII of the Second Peace Conference.  2, record 12, English, - Convention%20relative%20to%20the%20Laying%20of%20Automatic%20Submarine%20Contact%20Mines

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

for "Hague Convention No. VIII of 18 October 1907 (unofficial)": Whereas legal documents and comments quote the title of this convention in full, some military manuals refer to the same act by indicating the convention and the protocol number only.  2, record 12, English, - Convention%20relative%20to%20the%20Laying%20of%20Automatic%20Submarine%20Contact%20Mines

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convention VIII de La Haye du 18 octobre 1907 (non officiel)  2, record 12, French, - Convention%20relative%20%C3%A0%20la%20pose%20de%20mines%20sous%2Dmarines%20automatiques%20de%20contact

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the nineteenth century the standard of civilization was explicitly asserted in the text of conventions-first, in the Declaration of St. Petersburg, which refers to the "laws of humanity", then in the final Protocol of the Brussels Conference of 1874, and later in the famous de Martens clause included in the preambles to Hague Convention II of 1899 and Hague Convention IV of 1907. Resolution 1653(XVI) of the United Nations General Assembly, of 24 November 1961, on illegality of the use of nuclear weapons incorporates the sense of these declarations; according to its text, "the laws of humanity" prohibit causing unnecessary human suffering as well as indiscriminate suffering and destruction.  1, record 13, English, - laws%20of%20humanity

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Expression désignant certains principes d'ordre moral imposant un respect élémentaire de la personne humaine.  1, record 13, French, - lois%20de%20l%27humanit%C3%A9

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Art. 1 of Convention(III) Relative to the Opening of Hostilities of the Hague Conference of 1907 provides that the hostilities between the contracting powers "must not commence without previous and explicit warning, in the form either of a reasoned declaration of war or of an ultimatum with conditional declaration of war". Moreover, under Art. 2, the existence of a state of war must be notified to neutral powers without delay, and would not take effect in regard to them until so notified, unless it were clearly shown that they were in fact aware of the existence of war. In the absence of such a declaration the legal effects of the war date from the commencement of hostilities if these are an expression of hostile intent. Although in that case the failure to make a declaration would constitute a breach of International Law.  1, record 14, English, - opening%20of%20hostilities

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Passage de l'état de paix à l'état de guerre. Expression employée dans le titre de la [Convention] III, La Haye, 18 octobre 1907, pour désigner le commencement de l'état de guerre entre deux ou plusieurs États.  1, record 14, French, - ouverture%20des%20hostilit%C3%A9s

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

At the Hague Conference of 1907 an attempt was made to establish a special universal court for the settlement of prize cases, the International Prize Court which was to be an international court of appeal superior to national prize courts. The subject was agreed on by the Conference in its 12th convention but the convention was never ratified.  1, record 15, English, - International%20Prize%20Court

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Juridiction internationale que la Convention XII de La Haye du 18 octobre 1907 (non ratifiée) avait cherché à instituer, pour connaître de recours formés par une Puissance neutre ou par un particulier neutre ou ennemi, dans les conditions prévues par la convention, contre les décisions des tribunaux de prises nationaux.  1, record 15, French, - Cour%20internationale%20des%20prises

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The idea of the contiguous zone has not commended itself to all States. At the 1930 Hague Codification Conference nine States opposed it, including all the British Dominions and the United States. The United Kingdom pointed out that its revenue jurisdiction does not extend to foreign ships, but this is the case only since 1853. In The Le Louis in 1817, Lord Stowell said : Maritime states have claimed a right of visitation and enquiry within those parts of the ocean adjoining to their shores, which the common courtesy of nations has for their common convenience allowed to be considered as parts of their dominions for various domestic purposes... Such are our hovering laws, which within certain limited distances more or less moderately assigned, subject foreign vessels to such examination.  1, record 16, English, - hovering%20law

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

hovering act: Terme anglais souvent utilisé pour désigner les mesures de police édictées par les États maritimes à l'égard des navires étrangers allant et venant à proximité de leurs côtes en dehors des eaux territoriales, et qui, par leur attitude, se rendent suspects de se livrer à la contrebande.  1, record 16, French, - loi%20de%20louvoiement

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

«... l'institution de la zone contiguë... est résultée dans la législation intérieure de tous les États maritimes, sans exception, de lois qui sont fréquemment mentionnées sous la désignation britannique de: Hovering Acts, littéralement lois de louvoiement [...]».  1, record 16, French, - loi%20de%20louvoiement

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Concluded at The Hague, October 18, 1907, as Convention No. X of the Second Peace Conference.  3, record 17, English, - Convention%20for%20the%20Adaptation%20to%20Naval%20War%20of%20the%20Principles%20of%20the%20Geneva%20Convention

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

for "Hague Convention X of 18 October 1907 (unofficial)" : Whereas legal documents and comments quote the title of this convention in full, some military manuals refer to the same act by indicating the convention and the protocol number only.  3, record 17, English, - Convention%20for%20the%20Adaptation%20to%20Naval%20War%20of%20the%20Principles%20of%20the%20Geneva%20Convention

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Hague Convention X of 18 October 1907 (unofficial)  2, record 17, English, - Convention%20for%20the%20Adaptation%20to%20Naval%20War%20of%20the%20Principles%20of%20the%20Geneva%20Convention

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convention X de La Haye du 18 octobre 1907 (non officiel)  1, record 17, French, - Convention%20X%20pour%20l%27adaptation%20%C3%A0%20la%20guerre%20maritime%20des%20principes%20de%20la%20Convention%20de%20Gen%C3%A8ve

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish