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HARTLEY [10 records]

Filter results by subject field Alphabetical list of terms

Filter results by subject field

Alphabetical list of terms

Record 1 2022-06-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Inhabitant Names and Names of Peoples
OBS

Hartley Bay : band name taken from the 2002 Indian Registration and Band Lists Directorate's data base of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada(INAC).

OBS

Hartley Bay : band located in British Columbia.

OBS

Linguistic group: Tsimshian.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Noms d’habitants et noms de peuples
OBS

Hartley Bay : nom de bande entériné par le ministère des Affaires indiennes et du Nord canadien (MAINC).

OBS

Hartley Bay : bande vivant en Colombie-Britannique.

OBS

Famille linguistique : Tsimshian.

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 - external organization data 2013-02-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • Compartment - ISO/IEC JTC 1 Information Technology Vocabulary
Universal entry(ies)
16.03.01 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

logarithm of the number of events in a finite set of mutually exclusive events, that is in mathematical notation H0 = log n where n is the number of events

OBS

The note in 16.01.03 is applicable to this definition.

OBS

The base of the logarithm determines the unit used. Commonly used units are : shannon(symbol : Sh) for logarithms of base 2; natural unit(symbol : nat) for logarithms of base e; and hartley(symbol : Hart) for logarithms of base 10. Conversion table : 1 Sh=0, 693 nat=0, 301 Hart; 1 nat=1, 433 Sh=0, 434 Hart; 1 Hart=3, 322 Sh=2, 303 nat

OBS

The decision content is independent of the probabilities of the occurrence of the events.

OBS

The number of b-fold decisions needed to select a specific event out of a finite set of mutually exclusive events equals the smallest integer which is greater than or equal to the decision content defined with the logarithm of base b. This is applicable when b is an integer.

OBS

Example: Let {a,b,c} be a set of three events. Its decision content is H0 = (lb 3) Sh = 1,580 Sh; = (ln 3) nat = 1,098 nat; = (lg 3) Hart = 0,477 Hart

OBS

decision content: term and definition standardized by ISO/IEC [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tiroir - ISO/CEI JTC 1 Vocabulaire des technologies de l'information
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
16.03.01 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

logarithme du nombre d'événements dans un ensemble fini d'événements s'excluant mutuellement, soit mathématiquement H0 = log n où n est le nombre des événements

OBS

Le mot «événement» a, dans cette définition, le sens indiqué dans la note de l'article 16.01.03.

OBS

La base du logarithme détermine l'unité employée. Les unités habituellement utilisées sont les suivantes : shannon (symbole : Sh) pour les logarithmes de base deux; unité naturelle (symbole : nat) pour les logarithmes de base e; et hartley (symbole : Hart) pour les logarithmes de base 10. Table de conversion : 1 Sh = 0,693 nat = 0,301 Hart; 1 nat = 1,433 Sh = 0,434 Hart; 1 Hart = 3,322 Sh = 2,303 nat

OBS

La quantité de décision est indépendante des probabilités de réalisation des événements.

OBS

Le nombre de décisions élémentaires distinctes qui doivent être prises pour choisir un des événements dans un ensemble d'événements s'excluant mutuellement est le plus petit entier supérieur ou égal à la quantité de décision, la base du logarithme étant le nombre de choix possibles à chaque décision.

OBS

Exemple : Soit {a,b,c} un jeu de trois événements. Sa quantité de décision est H0 = (lb 3) Sh = 1,580 Sh; = (ln 3) nat = 1,098 nat; = (lg 3) Hart = 0,477 Hart

OBS

quantité de décision : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO/CEI [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2012-10-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Information Theory
  • Computer Mathematics
DEF

A unit of logarithmic information measure equal to the decision content of a set of ten mutually exclusive events expressed as a logarithm to base 10.

OBS

hartley; decimal unit of information content : terms and definition standardized by ISO; officially approved by the Government EDP(Electronic Data Processing) Standards Committee(GESC).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Théorie de l'information
  • Mathématiques informatiques
DEF

Unité logarithmique de mesure de l'information égale à la quantité de décision sur un ensemble de dix événements s'excluant mutuellement, exprimée par un logarithme en base de dix.

OBS

hartley; unité décimale de quantité d'information : termes et définition normalisés par l'ISO; uniformisés par le Comité des normes gouvernementales en informatique (CNGI).

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Teoría de la información
  • Matemáticas para computación
DEF

Unidad decimal de cantidad de información.

CONT

Un hartley puede ser transmitido por un elemento de código denario, y es igual a log210=3,323 bits (bitios).

OBS

Se utiliza el exponente para la cifra 10 dentro de la fórmula que se encuentra en el contexto.

Save record 3

Record 4 2010-04-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Continuing Education
DEF

An information-processing or knowledge-communication system designed for educational purposes. One of the earliest taxonomies of such systems(Hartley and Sleeman 1973) distinguishes four classes : conventional CAI or prestructured systems(called AFO, ad hoc frame-oriented systems by Carbonell in 1970) ;generative systems programmed to generate simple tasks by piecing problems(intermediate between conventional and intelligent systems) ;adaptive systems(such as the INTEGRATION tutor, whose domain expertise can be modified or adapted to student needs and characteristics) ;and self-improving(evolutive, truly intelligent) systems able to improve their teaching strategies and refine their knowledge by evaluating their own performance(e. g. the QUADRATIC tutor) [According to source WAITS 1987]

CONT

Unlike the visions of how learning will be enhanced by computer-based instructors, whether tutors or microworlds, we have a very different view of the role of Logo.

CONT

Two ... aims may be identified in the application of artificial intelligence to education: first, to improve the quality of computer-based teaching systems, thus giving rise to intelligent tutoring systems; second, to provide suitable computational environments to support learning.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Éducation permanente
OBS

Voir EAO, EIAO, tutoriel intelligent.

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 2000-05-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Solid Fossil Fuels
  • Petroleum Asphalts
DEF

A variety of oil shale from Hartley, New South Wales.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Combustibles fossiles solides
  • Bitumes
DEF

Variété de schiste bitumineux.

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 1999-06-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Psychology (General)
DEF

Theory that all consciousness is the result of the combination, in accordance with the law of association, of certain simple and ultimate elements derived from sense experiences. It was developed by David Hartley and advanced by James Mills.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Psychologie (Généralités)
DEF

Doctrine rendant compte de la vie mentale par un jeu d'associations entre les états psychiques (association des idées).

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 1999-02-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Continuing Education
DEF

An instructional system such as the Quadratic tutor, capable of refining its knowledge by evaluating its own performance and improving its domain knowledge and teaching strategies.

CONT

If the student’s approach leads to a better solution than the trace stored in the expert’s archive, the system adopts the student’s solution as its standard: hence the label of self-improving sometimes given this tutor.

CONT

Although it is not presented as a self-improving system, Self’s program contrasts with O’Shea’s in that the tutor has access to a formal learning model.

OBS

In Hartley and Sleeman taxonomy of instructional systems, a true ICAI system. Compare to prestructured system, generative system, and adaptive system.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Éducation permanente
DEF

Système EIAO capable d'acquérir, en cours d'utilisation, des informations généralisables à des situations ultérieures. Ces informations produisent une transformation irréversible de l'état initial du système, censée améliorer ses performances pédagogiques.

CONT

PROTO-TEG est un tutoriel évolutif : la connaissance qu'il a acquise a produit une transformation durable du tutoriel.

OBS

Il remplit une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes : enrichir le modèle du domaine avec des propositions de l'apprenant lorsqu'elles sont plus courtes que celles des concepteurs (module expert);analyser l'effet des activités proposées à l'élève et en tenir compte lors du choix des stratégies didactiques (modèle pédagogique); mettre à jour la représentation de l'état cognitif de l'apprenant en fonction de l'évolution (modèle de l'apprenant); acquérir des connaissances en vue d'optimiser le dialogue avec l'apprenant (module d'interface). Néologisme créé par P. Dillenbourg.

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 1994-05-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Continuing Education
CONT

Hartley and Sleeman's prestructured systems correspond to Carbonell' s frame-oriented ones. But between traditional CAl and ITS, they see the intermediate type of generative systems which are programmed to generate tasks by piercing problems together in a simple way.

CONT

The potential advantages of generative systems are : (a) They provide an unlimited resource of teaching material; (b) the store occupied by teaching material is reduced; (c) they can provide as many problems as the student needs to achieve some level of competence....

CONT

Generative systems are oriented towards providing a drill rather than a tutorial, and therefore do not compete with ... the bulk of branching programs.

CONT

SCHOLAR is a generative system, in that it constructs questions and responses from the information it has stored and does not have them pre-specified....

CONT

TRIP ... is, to some extent, a generative system in that new problems can be created by editing the template for trainwreck (and other) problems - the new problem would inherit the properties of all collision problems.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Éducation permanente
OBS

Comparer à tutoriel génératif.

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 1989-06-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Continuing Education
CONT

In a paper that could be considered the British counterpart of Carbonell' s classic, Hartley and Sleeman(1973) try to define some characteristics of "intelligent teaching systems". Their central theme is the generation of intelligent pedagogical decisions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Éducation permanente

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 1989-06-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Continuing Education
CONT

Hartley and Sleeman's prestructured systems correspond to Carbonell' s frame-oriented ones.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Éducation permanente
OBS

préstructuré: néologisme construit par analogie à préopératoire, préétabli.

Spanish

Save record 10

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