TERMIUM Plus^®

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The use of individual buses enables a Harvard architecture system to retrieve the next instruction while waiting for data to arrive from memory for the current instruction... However, reliability suffers because... you have two failure points for each operation : the instruction bus and the data bus.  2, record 1, English, - instruction%20bus

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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[Dans l'architecture de Harvard,] les données et le programme sont stockés dans deux mémoires différentes ayant chacune leur propre bus ([respectivement] le bus de données et le bus d'instructions).  2, record 1, French, - bus%20d%27instructions

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In the Harvard architecture[, ] code and data are on separate busses and this allows the code and data to be fetched simultaneously, resulting in an improved performance.  2, record 2, English, - Harvard%20architecture

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Architecture de Harvard. Dans cette architecture, on sépare physiquement la mémoire des instructions (MI) et la mémoire de données (MD).  2, record 2, French, - architecture%20de%20Harvard

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La arquitectura Harvard es una configuración de la computadora en la que los datos y las instrucciones de un programa se encuentran en celdas separadas de memoria, que se pueden abordar de forma independiente.  1, record 2, Spanish, - arquitectura%20Harvard

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A modified Harvard architecture [has] separate instruction and data caches leading to the same underlying memory.  2, record 3, English, - modified%20Harvard%20architecture

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Esta restricción inicial se ha flexibilizado dando lugar a la arquitectura Harvard modificada, en la cual se permite el almacenamiento de código y datos en el espacio de memoria de programa.  1, record 3, Spanish, - arquitectura%20Harvard%20modificada

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The Radio Research Laboratory(RRL), located on the campus of Harvard University, was an 800-person secret research laboratory during World War II.  1, record 4, English, - Radio%20Research%20Laboratory

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En 1941, les Américains [...] mettent en place le Radio Research Laboratory, une équipe de [plusieurs centaines d']universitaires et hauts gradés qui travaille dans le plus grand secret. À l'origine, ce commando est basé à Harvard, sur la côte est.  1, record 4, French, - Radio%20Research%20Laboratory

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.. the North American Yale was very similar to the Harvard, the most obvious difference being fixed landing gear as opposed to the retractable undercarriage found on the Harvard.  5, record 5, English, - retractable%20landing%20gear

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gear: The understructure of an airplane that supports the airplane on land or water; wheels, skis, or pontoons. Retractable gear folds up into the airplane in flight. Gear that does not retract is called "fixed."  6, record 5, English, - retractable%20landing%20gear

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retractable undercarriage: term standardized by ISO.  7, record 5, English, - retractable%20landing%20gear

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retractable landing gear: term officially approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).  8, record 5, English, - retractable%20landing%20gear

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Train d'atterrissage rentrant (1911). [...] dès 1876, les français Alphonse Pénaud et Paul Gauchot avaient déjà pensé à réduire la résistance aérodynamique créée par les roues. Le premier train rentrant apparut en 1911 sur le monoplan allemand Wiencziers; le train était plutôt repliable qu'escamotable. Quelques années plus tard, le pilote et l'ingénieur américain James Martin dota son chasseur Martin K-3 Kitten d'un train rentrant vers l'arrière. En 1920, sur le monoplan de course américain Dayton-Wright RB, les roues s'escamotaient dans le fuselage. L'année 1922 vit le premier avion à train rentrant dans la voilure : il s'agissait du racer américain Verville-Sperry R3. C'est en 1929 que le français Georges Messier réalisa le premier train rétractable opérationnel à commande hydraulique.  5, record 5, French, - train%20escamotable

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Le Yale ressemble beaucoup au Harvard, sa principale différence étant un train d'atterrissage fixe au lieu d'un train escamotable comme celui du Harvard.  9, record 5, French, - train%20escamotable

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train relevable; train d'atterrissage repliable : Noter que si aujourd'hui «train relevable» et «train repliable» peuvent être considérés comme quasi-synonymes de «train escamotable» ou «rentrant», ces termes, au début de l'aviation, désignaient un train que l'on pouvait effectivement relever mais qui ne s'escamotait pas dans la voilure.  10, record 5, French, - train%20escamotable

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escamotable : adjectif. Se dit d'un élément d'avion qui peut être escamoté (train d'atterrissage, volet, radôme, etc.).  11, record 5, French, - train%20escamotable

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atterrisseur escamotable : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  12, record 5, French, - train%20escamotable

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train d'atterrissage escamotable : terme uniformisé par l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (OACI).  13, record 5, French, - train%20escamotable

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tren de aterrizaje replegable: término aceptado oficialmente por la Organización de Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI).  3, record 5, Spanish, - tren%20de%20aterrizaje%20replegable

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The Supreme Court determined in Harvard College v. Canada(Commissioner of Patents) that higher life forms are excluded from patentability by virtue of their not being either manufactures or compositions of matter within the meaning of the definition of "invention. "  1, record 6, English, - higher%20life%20form

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La Cour suprême a établi, dans l’arrêt Harvard College c. Canada (Commissaire des brevets) que les formes de vie supérieures n’étaient pas brevetables étant donné qu’elles ne sont ni des fabrications ni des compositions de matière au sens de la définition du terme «invention».  1, record 6, French, - forme%20de%20vie%20sup%C3%A9rieure

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Using instruments that can measure the mechanical properties of gels, Paul A. Janmey of Harvard has shown that actin gels cross-linked by ABP [Actin Binding Protein] are very strong and elastic....  1, record 7, English, - actin%20gel

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to dissolve actin gel  2, record 7, English, - actin%20gel

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the actin gel disaggregates  2, record 7, English, - actin%20gel

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remodeling of actin gels  2, record 7, English, - actin%20gel

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À l'aide d'instruments de mesure des propriétés mécaniques des gels, notre collègue Paul Janmey a montré que les gels d'actine organisés par les molécules d'ABP [protéine associée à l'actine] sont à la fois résistants et élastiques [...]  1, record 7, French, - gel%20d%27actine

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dissoudre le gel d'actine  2, record 7, French, - gel%20d%27actine

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le gel d'actine se dissocie (suffisamment)  2, record 7, French, - gel%20d%27actine

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remodelage du gel d'actine  2, record 7, French, - gel%20d%27actine

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Boston Brahmins are wealthy Yankee families characterized by a highly discreet and inconspicuous life style. Based in and around Boston, they form an integral part of the historic core of the East Coast establishment. They are associated with the distinctive Boston Brahmin accent, and with Harvard University. The term Brahmin refers to the highest caste in the caste system in India. In the United States it has been applied to the old, upper crust New England families of British Protestant origin that were extremely influential in the development and leadership of arts, culture, science, politics, trade, and academia.  2, record 8, English, - Brahmins

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El capitalismo moderno ha emulado este sistema de castas. Sus brahmanes son los directivos y consejeros de las grandes corporaciones. Gozan de privilegios y prebendas por doquier: sueldos estratosféricos, planes de incentivos, vacaciones, jet privados y club de campo a costa de la empresa. Y no tienen casi ninguna responsabilidad.  2, record 8, Spanish, - brahmanes

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1940 Edwin Cohn, a professor of biological chemistry at Harvard Medical School, develops cold ethanol fractionation, the process of breaking down plasma into components and products. Albumin, a protein with powerful osmotic properties, plus gamma globulin and fibrinogen are isolated and become available for clinical use.  1, record 9, English, - cold%20ethanol%20fractionation

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Technique de fractionnement du plasma à l'éthanol froid.  1, record 9, French, - fractionnement%20de%20Cohn

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Of Harvard University.  3, record 10, English, - Cantabrigian

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A type of topspin serve hit with a combination of topspin and sidespin. The ball not only takes a high bounce, it also flies in a direction opposite of what one would normally expect it to.  4, record 11, English, - American%20twist%20serve

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An exageration of the topspin serve turns the service into a kick service or "American twist". A right-hander’s American twist serve puts left-to-right spin on the ball. Such a serve can present difficulties for the receiver, particularly on grass where the bounce could be tricky.  4, record 11, English, - American%20twist%20serve

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The "kick serve" is also called the "kicker". It became known as the "american twist" or "american twist serve" in the first Davis Cup match in 1900 when the finalists, Holcombe Ward, a Harvard man, and his college friend, Dwight Davis, used the stroke they had developed to beat their English opponents.  7, record 11, English, - American%20twist%20serve

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If the kick serve is correctly delivered it can often be followed in so as to make your next shot the volley you might have tried on a successful power serve ... Try to mix the angle of [your] serves and watch for weaknesses in your opponent, e.g., a backhand to a high-kicking serve is not easily played at club standard.  6, record 11, English, - American%20twist%20serve

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Service brossé où la balle rebondit haut et dans la direction opposée à son mouvement original.  2, record 11, French, - service%20twist%C3%A9

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On l'appelle aussi à tort «service lifté».  2, record 11, French, - service%20twist%C3%A9

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Termes connexes : service brossé ou service lifté (ou service à effet toppé).  1, record 11, French, - service%20twist%C3%A9

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An early electromechanical computer.  2, record 12, English, - Mark%20IV%26trade%3B

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Mark IV™ : A trademark of Harvard.  2, record 12, English, - Mark%20IV%26trade%3B

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Mark IV^MC : Marque de commerce de Harvard.  2, record 12, French, - Mark%20IV

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An organization skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge, and at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights.  3, record 13, English, - learning%20organization

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In a recent article in the Harvard Business Review(July-August 1993), Garvin argues that learning organizations become so because they use five key management practices. According to Garvin these practices are : systematic problem solving, 2) experimentation, 3) building on past experience, 4) learning from other organizations, 5) transferring knowledge quickly and efficiently between units and departments.  4, record 13, English, - learning%20organization

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Organisation [qui] possède l'aptitude de créer, d'acquérir et de transférer des connaissances, ainsi que celle de modifier son comportement, afin de refléter de nouvelles connaissances et de nouvelles manières de voir les choses.  7, record 13, French, - organisation%20apprenante

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Les organisations intelligentes possèdent des aptitudes caractéristiques dans cinq domaines principaux : la résolution de problèmes; l'expérimentation de nouvelles approches; l'apprentissage à partir de leurs propres expériences passées; l'apprentissage à partir des expériences des autres; le transfert de la connaissance à travers toute l'organisation.  7, record 13, French, - organisation%20apprenante

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Organisation qualifiante : une perspective pour le développement des ressources humaines (Eurotecnet, Bruxelles, 1993, ISBN 2-9600045-4-X). Source : Revue Européenne de Formation professionnelle, 2/94, p. 94.  8, record 13, French, - organisation%20apprenante

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organisation apprenante : terme en usage au Bureau de la traduction.  8, record 13, French, - organisation%20apprenante

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Unified soil classification system. This system evolved from the airfield classification system after modifications by A. Casagrande of Harvard University and the US Bureau of Reclamation and the Corps of Engineers. It classified soil into three general groups-i. e. coarse-grained, fine-grained and highly organic, with a further fifteen categories depending on gradation of the coarse-particled soils and plasticity of the fine-grained soils.  6, record 14, English, - unified%20soil%20classification%20system

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Il existe de très nombreux systèmes de classification des sols [...] On retiendra [...] la classification des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chaussées ou classification L.P.C. qui n'est autre que la classification U.S.C.S. (Unified Soil Classification System) après adaptation aux seuils granulométriques utilisés en France. On rappellera que la classification U.S.C.S. est elle même dérivée de celle de Casagrande.  1, record 14, French, - classification%20U%2ES%2EC%2ES%2E

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No stranger to ideological controversies, drug czar William Bennett descended on Harvard last week to lambaste "liberal intellectuals" for their "morally scandalous" willingness to support the legalization of drugs.  1, record 15, English, - legalization%20of%20drugs

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Je n'entrevois qu'une seule solution, difficile, mais qui est pourtant l'évidence même: la légalisation de la drogue.  1, record 15, French, - l%C3%A9galisation%20de%20la%20drogue

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The use of sound ranging from simple tones to sequences of tones to full speech capabilities.  2, record 16, English, - auditory%20presentation

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In addition to graphical and auditory presentation, an animated character is featured to manually cue place of articulation.  3, record 16, English, - auditory%20presentation

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Carver... used 39 Harvard undergraduates and 52 adults to investigate the relative effectiveness of auditory and visual presentations of identical material. He found, "the effectiveness of an auditory presentation is limited to meaningful material... and tends to be superior for subject matter that is concrete and serial in nature. "  4, record 16, English, - auditory%20presentation

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Utilisation du son pour des applications particulières, dans une gamme passant de la simple tonalité à une séquence de tonalités allant ultimement jusqu'à la parole.  2, record 16, French, - pr%C3%A9sentation%20par%20moyens%20acoustiques

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In 1999, thalidomide was found to be a successful antiangiogenic treatment for Multiple Myeloma, a disease of mature proliferating B-cells, related to lymphoma.  1, record 17, English, - antiangiogenic

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"The paradigm is emerging that the integrins responsible for angiogenesis are also responsible for stopping it, "said Raghu Kalluri, Harvard Medical School associate professor at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. To block integrins entirely would be to close off the body's own anti-angiogenic efforts.  2, record 17, English, - antiangiogenic

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Les Laboratoires AEterna inc. ont annoncé aujourd'hui la découverte d'une activité antiangiogénique chez une famille de molécules extraites du Neovastat. La Société a fait une demande de brevet auprès du Bureau des brevets et des marques de commerce des États-Unis (United States Patent and Trademark Office) reliée à cette découverte et qui couvre des compositions de matières ainsi que les méthodes d'utilisation du produit pour le traitement de maladies compliquées par l'angiogenèse. Plus d'une vingtaine de maladies sont reliées à l'angiogenèse, dont le cancer.  1, record 17, French, - antiangiog%C3%A9nique

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Source : UNU [United Nations University]/Harvard University. Planning meeting held in Costa Rica, October 1990. To develop a series of books with insights and tools from the experiences of countries that have improved the nutrition and health status of their population.  1, record 18, English, - Country%20Health%20and%20Nutrition%20Transition%20Project

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... one of the editors of the report of the energy project at the Harvard Business School, differentiates between three types of conservation : first, curtailment or enforced energy saving; secondly, overhaul, i. e. dramatically changing the way people live and work; and finally... "productive conservation", which encourages changes in capital stock and daily behavior that promote energy savings in a manner that is economically and socially nondisruptive.  1, record 19, English, - curtailment

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The Harvard, an American aircraft, universally regarded as the best combat trainer available... 533 were ordered for training in Canada in 1940  3, record 20, English, - Harvard%20trainer

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The Harvard... was a twin-seat trainer with a completely enclosed glss canopy, a tall body and low set rectangular wings.... It was powered by a 440 KW Pratt & Whitney R-1340-AN-1 engine. It's top speed was 208 mph(355 km/h), with a ceiling of 24280 ft(7400 m) and a range of 745 mi(1200 km). It could be armed with two 0. 50 inch machine guns for target practice.  2, record 20, English, - Harvard%20trainer

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Scaling gross ecosystem production at Harvard Forest with remote sensing : a comparison of estimates from a constrained quantum-use efficiency model and eddy correlation.  1, record 21, English, - quantum%2Duse%20efficiency

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Le facteur de proportion correspond à l'efficacité quantique du couvert qui dépend surtout, dans le cas des érablières, de la température et de la longueur de la saison de croissance.  1, record 21, French, - efficacit%C3%A9%20quantique

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A specialist in primatology.  2, record 22, English, - primatologist

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In the late 1970s the primatologists Richard Wrangham of Harvard University and Toshisada Nishida of Kyoto University, conducting fieldwork in the Gombe National Park in Tanzania, noticed something odd about the feeding patterns of the local chimpanzees.  3, record 22, English, - primatologist

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Spécialiste de primatologie.  1, record 22, French, - primatologue

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Up to three fellowships of US$16, 000 are awarded to Canadian citizens or permanent residents of Canada who have recently graduated, or are about to graduate, from an institution in Canada that is a member of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada. The award must be applied toward graduate studies in one of the faculties at Harvard University : arts and sciences(including engineering), business administration, design, divinity studies, education, law, public administration, medicine, dental medicine and public health. In Canada, the program is administered by the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, Canadian Awards Program.  1, record 23, English, - Frank%20Knox%20Memorial%20Fellowships

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Un maximum de trois bourses, d'une valeur de 16 000 $US chacune, sont accordées chaque année à des citoyens canadiens ou à des résidents permanents du Canada récemment diplômés, ou sur le point de l'être, d'un établissement d'enseignement membre de l'Association des universités et collèges du Canada. Les boursiers doivent entreprendre des études supérieures dans l'une des facultés de la Harvard University : arts et sciences (y compris le génie), administration des affaires, création industrielle, théologie, éducation, droit, administration publique, médecine dentaire et hygiène publique. Au Canada, le programme est administré par l'Association des universités et collèges du Canada, Programme de bourses canadiennes.  2, record 23, French, - Bourses%20Frank%20Knox%20Memorial

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"Toxic handlers", P. Frost and S. Robinson write in the current Harvard Business Review, are employees skilled in "removing the mental toxins of the modern workplace". The toxic handler-typically a senior manager but not the top boss-listens to troubled colleagues, invents creative solutions and helps translate "mission impossible" into "mission accomplished". This contribution is helping keep good people from leaving.  1, record 24, English, - toxic%20handler

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"Survival of the cells is more critical in certain applications, however. If we take an artificial tissue out of the freezer, thaw it, and half of it is gone, that's a problem. If a patient comes in with a burn injury, we don’t have time to wait for the cells to grow back. "As a graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Karlsson was interested in research at Harvard Medical School to develop an artificial liver. He was intrigued to learn that, even if the project were successful, existing technology could not preserve the organ for shipping or storage before transplantation.  1, record 25, English, - artificial%20tissue

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Formation du tissu artificiel : Les structures cellulaires des biopolymères servent d'échafaudage sur lesquels les cellules peuvent s'organiser pour, une fois l'ensemble implanté dans l'organisme, regénérer un tissu ou un organe, ou assurer ses fonctions. Elle peuvent accueillir des cellules mais aussi des facteurs de croissance, comme les protéines de morphogenèse de l'os (BMP). Biodégradable, le biopolymère se résorbe au fur et à mesure de la croissance tissulaire et laisse finalement place à un tissu fonctionnel.  1, record 25, French, - tissu%20artificiel

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Guère étonnant, donc, si le marché potentiel des «tissus artificiels», atteint des sommes rondelettes, 80 milliards de dollars par an selon le «Pittsburg Tissue Engineering Initiative», lancé en 1994 par l'université de Pittsburgh, aux États-Unis.  1, record 25, French, - tissu%20artificiel

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The students are required to have completed four years of resident university education in order to be admitted for the bursary at Harvard(Law Degree).  1, record 26, English, - resident%20university%20education

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Éducation dans des écoles, ou des collèges qui procurent aussi les facilités de logement.  1, record 26, French, - %C3%A9ducation%20r%C3%A9sidentielle

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Published in 1967 by Paul R. Lawrence et Jay W. Lorsch of the Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University.  1, record 27, English, - Organization%20and%20environment%3A%20managing%20differentiation%20and%20integration

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Publié en 1967 par Paul R. Laurence et Jay W. Lorsch de la Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University.  2, record 27, French, - Organization%20and%20environment%20%3A%20managing%20differentiation%20and%20integration

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Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.  2, record 28, English, - Harvard%20Review

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Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Title of a journal published by the Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard University/MIT Press. Information confirmed with the organization.  2, record 29, English, - International%20security

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Titre d'une revue publiée par le Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard University/MIT Press. Renseignement confirmé par l'organisme.  2, record 29, French, - International%20security

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Matthew S. Meselson and Kenneth Russel of Harvard University have attempted to demonstrate a direct relation between mutagenic potency in the Salmonella test and carcinogenic potency in laboratory animals. For 10 of the 14 known chemical carcinogens they considered there was a correlation.  1, record 30, English, - Salmonella%20test

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Matthew Meselson et Kenneth Russel, de l'Université Harvard, ont essayé de mettre en corrélation le taux de mutations obtenues dans le test sur Salmonella et la fréquence de cancérisation chez les animaux de laboratoire. Cette relation a été vérifiée pour 10 des 14 produits qu'ils avaient choisis parmi des cancérigènes connus.  1, record 30, French, - test%20sur%20Salmonella

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il semble que M. Raymond Devoret ait rédigé les articles anglais et français portant sur les tests bactériens qui paraissent respectivement dans le Scientific American, sous le titre "Bacterial Tests for Potential Carcinogens", et dans sa version française Pour la Science, sous le titre "Des tests bactériens pour identifier les cancérigènes potentiels".  2, record 30, French, - test%20sur%20Salmonella

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Daniel Yergin, one of the editors of the report of the energy project at the Harvard Business School, differentiates between three types of conservation : first, curtailment or enforced energy saving; secondly, overhaul, i. e., dramatically changing the way people live and work; and finally... "productive conservation, which encourages changes in capital stock and daily behavior that promote energy savings in a manner that is economically and socially nondisruptive. Its aim is to use less energy than has been the habit to accomplish some task-whether it be to heat a home or to make a widget-in order to prevent disruption later. "  1, record 31, English, - productive%20conservation

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(Harvard).  1, record 32, English, - frozen%20group

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) Simon Kuznets of Harvard, has recently shown that the leading Western nations have for decades been averaging rapid rates of growth of output per head.  1, record 33, English, - output%20per%20head

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Harvard classification was based on gradations in the patterns of the spectral lines and was independent of theoretical considerations. The sequence is characterized particularly by the rise and decline in the strength of the hydrogen lines throughout its extent.  1, record 34, English, - Harvard%20classification

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le critère quantitatif de l'appartenance de l'étoile à telle ou telle classe ou sous-classe spectrale est donné par le rapport des intensités des raies définies. Ce principe a été appliqué avec succès au début du XXe siècle à l'observatoire de Harvard. La classification de Harvard est à la base de la classification spectrale moderne. Les classes spectrales de la classification de Harvard sont désignées par les lettres W, O, B, A, F, G, K, M.  1, record 34, French, - classification%20de%20Harvard

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A sign written at the beginning of the staff in order to indicate the pitch of the notes. Apel W., The Harvard Dict. of Music, p. 179.  1, record 35, English, - clef

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Signe placé au commencement de la portée et qui détermine le nom des sons, ainsi que leur hauteur précise dans l'échelle musicale. LGRAN.  1, record 35, French, - cl%C3%A9

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish