TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A technique used to create or enlarge fractures in a geologic formation.  3, record 1, English, - fracturing

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Common soil fracturing techniques include : blast-enhanced fracturing, pneumatic fracturing(PF)... and hydrofracturing.  4, record 1, English, - fracturing

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération qui consiste à créer des fissures dans une formation géologique ou à élargir les fissures déjà existantes.  2, record 1, French, - fracturation

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Water that is driven out of rocks by the process of metamorphism and that is commonly involved in the process.  3, record 2, English, - metamorphic%20water

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Metasomatism is initiated by the separation of a magmatic-hydrothermal fluid released by crystallization and hydrofracturing of the pluton, which may combine with metamorphic waters to transport base metal cations and sulphur.  4, record 2, English, - metamorphic%20water

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The four major types of water - magmatic, sea water and/or connate, meteoric and metamorphic - have characteristic hydrogen ... and oxygen ... isotopic ratios ...  5, record 2, English, - metamorphic%20water

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Metamorphic H₂O  6, record 2, English, - metamorphic%20water

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Eau expulsée des roches par le métamorphisme.  5, record 2, French, - eau%20m%C3%A9tamorphique

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[...] les données physiques, chimiques et isotopiques sur les inclusions fluides [...] permettent [...] de définir cinq catégories d'eaux en fonction de leur origine : météorique [...]; océanique [...]; connée fossile [...]; métamorphique; magmatique; auxquelles on peut ajouter les eaux juvéniles dérivées du manteau.  6, record 2, French, - eau%20m%C3%A9tamorphique

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

H₂O métamorphique  7, record 2, French, - eau%20m%C3%A9tamorphique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Agua expulsada de las rocas durante el proceso de metamorfismo.  2, record 2, Spanish, - agua%20metam%C3%B3rfica

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Metasomatism is initiated by the separation of a magmatic-hydrothermal fluid released by crystallization and hydrofracturing of the pluton, which may combine with metamorphic waters to transport base metal cations and sulphur. Metasomatic fluids pass along pluton and dyke contacts, stratigraphic contacts, fractures and other permeable pathways and infiltrate the surrounding wall rocks.  2, record 3, English, - metasomatic%20fluid

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les endoskarns se développent essentiellement dans les districts où les fluides métasomatiques ont utilisé des calcaires argileux, des volcanites ou des dykes, très perméables de par leur fracturation, comme dans les gisements de fer circumpacifiques associés aux andésites.  2, record 3, French, - fluide%20m%C3%A9tasomatique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les fluides métasomatiques circulent le long des contacts des plutons et des dykes, des contacts stratigraphiques, des charnières de plis, des fractures et d'autres voies perméables et s'infiltrent dans les roches encaissantes.  3, record 3, French, - fluide%20m%C3%A9tasomatique

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The solidification of magma or lava usually involves a joining of ions to produce crystalline solids, a process called crystallization.  2, record 4, English, - crystallization

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Metasomatism is initiated by the separation of a magmatic-hydrothermal fluid released by crystallization and hydrofracturing of the pluton...  3, record 4, English, - crystallization

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Phénomène par lequel se produit la formation d'un cristal selon un des processus suivants : 1 - refroidissement d'un corps en fusion [...]  2, record 4, French, - cristallisation

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le métasomatisme est amorcé par la séparation d'un fluide magmatique-hydrothermal libéré par la cristallisation et la fracturation hydraulique du pluton.  3, record 4, French, - cristallisation

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Formación de cristales.  1, record 4, Spanish, - cristalizaci%C3%B3n

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hydrothermal fluids, released by crystallization and hydrofracturing of the pluton, infiltrated stratigraphic and structural channelways to react with calcareous host rock and calc-silicate hornfels to form prograde skarn.  1, record 5, English, - stratigraphic%20channelway

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les fluides hydrothermaux, libérés par la cristallisation et la fracturation hydraulique du pluton, se sont infiltrés par les voies stratigraphiques et structurales, puis ont réagi avec les roches hôtes calcareuses ainsi qu'avec les cornéennes calco-silicatées pour former des skarns d'altération prograde.  1, record 5, French, - voie%20stratigraphique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The main stage of prograde skarn formation begins as the crystallizing magma releases hydrothermal fluid through conduits developed by hydrofracturing of the crystallized outer portion of the pluton and hornfels.  1, record 6, English, - prograde%20skarn%20formation

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La phase principale de formation des skarns par altération prograde commence lorsque le magma en voie de cristallisation laisse s'échapper des fluides hydrothermaux dans des conduits produits par fracturation hydraulique dans la portion externe déjà cristallisée du pluton et les cornéennes encaissantes.  1, record 6, French, - formation%20de%20skarns%20par%20alt%C3%A9ration%20prograde

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Metasomatism is initiated by the separation of a magmatic-hydrothermal fluid released by crystallization and hydrofracturing of the pluton, and this aqueous fluid may combine with metamorphic waters to transport Fe, Mg, Si, Al, and base metal cations and sulphur.  1, record 7, English, - aqueous%20fluid

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le métasomatisme est amorcé par la séparation d'un fluide magmatique-hydrothermal libéré par la cristallisation et la fracturation hydraulique du pluton. Ce fluide aqueux peut se combiner aux eaux métamorphiques pour transporter des cations de Fe, Mg, Si, Al et de métaux communs ainsi que du soufre.  1, record 7, French, - fluide%20aqueux

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are two forms of injection into deep geologic formations that have been suggested or used for LLW disposal: hydrofracture and deep well injection. Both methods are primarily useful only for liquid or finely ground wastes. They both take precautions to prevent contaminating useful aquifers by carefully selecting the geologic formations into which the waste is injected. Hydrofracture disposal also uses a very insoluble waste form. Generally, hydrofracture involves injection of a mixture of waste and liquid grouting materials under high pressure into a deep layered rock formation such as shale. The injected material causes layers of rock to separate and the material forms flat "sheets" extending out from the injection well. The grout causes some surface uplift near the injection well.  1, record 8, English, - hydrofracture%20disposal

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Because of difficulty in transporting liquid wastes safely, the hydrofracture facility must be located near the source of the waste. A hydrofracture site requires large, generally impermeable (to nearby aquifers) layered formations that fracture horizontally. The surface area needed and visual impact of a hydrofracture facility are relatively small. Major barriers to nuclide release are the grout (waste form) and the geologic formation used. Perhaps the greatest problem with hydraulic injection is that there is little control of fracture propagation and it is not possible to define the final geometry of the grout/waste sheets from the surface.  2, record 8, English, - hydrofracture%20disposal

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Hydrofracturing would not be appropriate for Eldorado wastes because of the large volume of waste and the questionable ability to dry and pulverize it to the necessary fineness(40 mesh or smaller).  2, record 8, English, - hydrofracture%20disposal

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Because of difficulty in transporting liquid wastes safely, the hydrofracture facility must be located near the source of the waste. A hydrofracture site requires large, generally impermeable (to nearby aquifers) layered formations that fracture horizontally. The surface area needed and visual impact of a hydrofracture facility are relatively small. Major barriers to nuclide release are the grout (waste form) and the geologic formation used. Perhaps the greatest problem with hydraulic injection is that there is little control of fracture propagation and it is not possible to define the final geometry of the grout/waste sheets from the surface.  2, record 9, English, - hydrofracture%20facility

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

At Oak Ridge, Tennessee, the US Department of Energy has used hydrofracturing in shale formations for disposal of some liquid wastes. However, monitoring revealed that radionuclides are moving from the hydrofracture facility faster than expected and that operation has been stopped.  3, record 9, English, - hydrofracture%20facility

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir aussi «fracturation hydraulique».  2, record 9, French, - installation%20de%20fracturation%20hydraulique

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

At Oak Ridge, Tennessee, the US Department of Energy has used hydrofracturing in shale formations for disposal of some liquid wastes. However, monitoring revealed that radionuclides are moving from the hydrofracture facility faster than expected and that operation has been stopped.  1, record 10, English, - disposal%20of%20liquid%20wastes

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rock/Gas Outbursts. Research continues to investigate the outburst phenomena within the Sydney coalfield; a recent study indicated that hydrofracturing techniques could be used for combatting outbursts.  1, record 11, English, - rock%2Fgas%20outburst

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In eastern Canada problems specifically related to deep mining are beginning to manifest themselves. As the Cape Breton Development Corporation (CBDC) extends both multi- and single-seam coal extraction beyond 700 m below seabed, the problems will become more pronounced. Strata mechanics research at the Cape Breton Coal Research Laboratory has been directed towards the evaluation of roadway support systems; assessment of existing mining practices related to gateroads and packing systems; mining subsidence; gas/rock outbursts; and field instrumentation to evaluate mine stability by gathering data on deformation and in situ stress.  2, record 11, English, - rock%2Fgas%20outburst

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans l'Est canadien, des problèmes propres à l'extraction en profondeur commencent à apparaître. Les problèmes s'accentueront lorsque la Société de développement du Cap-Breton (SDCB) entreprendra l'extraction en filon simple et en filon multiple à des profondeurs supérieures à 700 m au-dessous du fond marin. Les travaux de recherche sur la mécanique des strates au Laboratoire de recherche sur le charbon du Cap-Breton ont porté sur les aspects suivants : évaluation des systèmes de soutènement des galeries; évaluation des pratiques actuelles en ce qui concerne les voies de taille et les remblais; subsidence; coups de toit et dégagements de grisou; et instruments permettant de recueillir des données sur la déformation et les contraintes in situ pour évaluer la stabilité des mines.  1, record 11, French, - coup%20de%20toit%20et%20d%C3%A9gagement%20de%20grisou

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In eastern Canadian underground coal mines :.... Hydrofracturing techniques were used to release stress in areas of the mine which are prone to outbursts.  1, record 12, English, - hydrofracturing%20technique

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un certain nombre d'études ont été menées dans les mines de charbon souterraines de l'Est canadien : (...) Des techniques d'hydrofracturation ont été utilisées pour diminuer la tension dans les zones de la mine sujettes aux coups de toit.  1, record 12, French, - technique%20d%27hydrofracturation

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish