TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A procedure that allows for restart of a failed system in a way that either eliminates or minimizes the amount of incorrect system results.  2, record 1, English, - failure%20recovery

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

failure recovery: term standardized by the IEEE [Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers].  3, record 1, English, - failure%20recovery

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The study of design and purpose in natural phenomena.  2, record 2, English, - teleology

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In trying to model the way students build incorrect procedures, it is reasonable to assume initially that they perceive the teleology of the procedures(that is, the goals of its steps), but that erroneous teleological rationalizations lead them to choose forms of the skill that differ from the intended one. A study adopting this perspective would concentrate on the way students "understand" procedures. An interesting issue in this regard is the use of manipulative models such as Dienes blocks or abaci, included in some curricula. These models are intended to impart some semantic understanding of procedure to students, and require an analogical transfer to the target procedure.  3, record 2, English, - teleology

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Étude de la finalité. Science des fins de l'homme.  2, record 2, French, - t%C3%A9l%C3%A9ologie

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

sémantique téléologique  3, record 2, French, - t%C3%A9l%C3%A9ologie

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

notion appliquée à la modélisation du raisonnement humain par K. VanLehn et J.S. Brown (1980).  3, record 2, French, - t%C3%A9l%C3%A9ologie

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Articulate facts and strategies that vary from expert knowledge ... (misconceptions and procedural errors).  3, record 3, English, - procedural%20error

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

If the computer has a tutorial program, the student is asked a question by the computer, the student types in an answer, and then gets an immediate response to the answer. If the answer is correct, the student is routed to more challenging problems; if the answer is incorrect, various computer messages will indicate the flaw in procedure, and the program will bypass more complicated questions until the student shows mastery in that area.  2, record 3, English, - procedural%20error

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

erreur due à un défaut de conception du problème.  1, record 3, French, - erreur%20de%20conception

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La détection des erreurs, des oublis et autres vices de raisonnement plus importants (que l'on rassemble sous le doux nom de bogues) n'est qu'une partie du problème; [...]  4, record 3, French, - erreur%20de%20conception

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

faille : Point faible, défaut, manque de cohérence dans un raisonnement [...]  5, record 3, French, - erreur%20de%20conception

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

...term borrowed from computer programming jargon [which] refers to errors internalized by the student that are explicitly represented in the student model. Bugs are usually procedural or localized errors rather than deep, pervasive misconceptions.  3, record 4, English, - bug

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The programming term "bug" is often used in the literature on intelligent tutoring systems to refer to systematic procedural errors. A tutor can reveal a bug in a procedure by applying the procedure on a problem where it will generate an obviously incorrect... result....  4, record 4, English, - bug

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Tutoring module is composed of four building blocks such as bug identification, bug causality analysis, plan generator and tutoring strategy. Bug identification. The task of this building block is identifying the bugs in the student’s knowledge.  5, record 4, English, - bug

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Brown et Burton, les premiers, démontraient l'importance de la recherche des procédures erronées ou "bugs" de l'apprenant [...]. [...] aborder la modélisation de l'élève par des techniques d'Apprentissage Symbolique Automatique [...] permet la découverte de procédures erronées qui n'avaient pas été préalablement envisagées.  1, record 4, French, - proc%C3%A9dure%20erron%C3%A9e

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To intentionally perform an incorrect procedure or unauthorized act involving a critical component.  1, record 5, English, - tamper

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term officialized by the Department of National Defence.  2, record 5, English, - tamper

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Exécuter volontairement une procédure irrégulière ou un acte interdit comprenant un élément critique.  2, record 5, French, - manipuler

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme uniformisé par le Ministère de la Défense Nationale.  3, record 5, French, - manipuler

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

At the University of Sheffield..., a system called skip branching was developed(Kay and Sime, 1963). Here the learner tackled a fairly large unit of information first(as in the Crowder system), but made a written response(as in the Skinner system). If the response was correct, the learner moved on to the next major unit of information. If the learner was incorrect, he worked through a linear subsequence of small items... until he eventually arrived at the next main item, where this procedure was then repeated.  2, record 6, English, - skip%20branching

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode (...) consistant à intercaler entre deux items de la chaîne principale [d'un programme linéaire] un sous-programme permettant un apprentissage programmé, piste nécessaire pour franchir la principale difficulté induite par l'item principal précédent sur lequel achopperait un pourcentage relativement important d'élèves, d'étudiants ou de formés.  4, record 6, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20d%C3%A9rivation

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La méthode de "dérivation" (Skip branching). Certains chercheurs britanniques proposent de présenter les programmes selon une méthode qui tient à la fois du linéaire et du ramifié. (...) La séquence principale est suivie par l'élève qui répond positivement à toutes les questions. S'il ne trouve pas de réponse à un des éléments, il lui est présenté une séquence secondaire (...) qui lui explique plus en détail l'information initiale. Ce sous-programme ne lui donne pas une information complémentaire (comme dans un programme ramifié), mais abaisse simplement le niveau de complexité de l'information primitive.  5, record 6, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20d%C3%A9rivation

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The idea of a diagnostic model assumes that, in problems that require procedural skills, mistakes are due to the correct execution of an incorrect procedure, and not to an inability to follow an otherwise correct procedure.  1, record 7, English, - diagnostic%20model

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Module d'un système expert qui peut prévoir et détecter les pannes ou analyser le fonctionnement d'un équipement quelconque.  1, record 7, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20diagnostic

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In common-channel signalling, a procedure for ensuring that address messages are processed in the right order when the order in which they are received is incorrect(for example, owing to an error-correcting operation in the course of their transmission over a signalling link).  1, record 8, English, - address%20sequencing

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish