TERMIUM Plus®

From: Translation Bureau

On social media

Consult the Government of Canada’s terminology data bank.

MATTER FACT [49 records]

Record 1 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Offences and crimes
  • Electoral Systems and Political Parties
DEF

A representation of a matter of fact either present or past, made by words or otherwise, that is known by the person who makes it to be false and that is made with a fraudulent intent to induce the person to whom it is made to act on it.

OBS

Pretense - The presentations of something false as true.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Infractions et crimes
  • Systèmes électoraux et partis politiques
DEF

Représentation d'un fait présent ou passé, par des mots ou autrement, que celui qui la fait sait être fausse, et qui est faite avec l'intention frauduleuse d'induire la personne à qui on l'adresse à agir d'après cette représentation.

OBS

faux semblant, faux prétexte : termes uniformisés par le Comité de terminologie du ministère du Solliciteur général.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Infracciones y crímenes
  • Sistemas electorales y partidos políticos
Save record 1

Record 2 2025-12-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

How to spot AI-generated text : Unlike human writing, [text generated by artificial intelligence] is often uniform and factual. Look for text that doesn’t include personal opinions, like a dry "robotic" or matter of fact tone and emotionless format writing.

Key term(s)
  • AI generated text

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Contrairement à l'écriture humaine, les textes générés par l'IA sont souvent uniformes et factuels. Il y a de fortes chances que les textes qui ne contiennent pas d'opinions et dont le ton semble sec, robotique, neutre ou dépourvu d'émotion soient générés par l'IA [intelligence artificielle].

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2023-10-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Astrophysics and Cosmography
DEF

[A] form of matter thought to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe and about a quarter of its total energy density.

CONT

Physicists and astronomers have determined that most of the material in the universe is "dark matter" - whose existence we infer from its gravitational effects but not through electromagnetic influences such as we find with ordinary, familiar matter.

OBS

As dark matter does not in fact absorb light, but that light rather goes straight through it, some physicists believe that "clear matter" or "transparent matter" is a more accurate name.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Astrophysique et cosmographie
DEF

[Catégorie] de matière hypothétique, invoquée pour rendre compte d'observations astrophysiques, notamment les estimations de la masse des galaxies ou des amas de galaxies et les propriétés des fluctuations du fond diffus cosmologique.

CONT

Les scientifiques n'ont pu déduire l'existence de la matière noire que de l'effet gravitationnel que celle-ci semble avoir sur la matière visible.

OBS

La matière noire n'absorbant pas la lumière, mais étant plutôt traversée par celle-ci, certains scientifiques croient la désignation «matière transparente» plus exacte pour la décrire.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Astrofísica y cosmografía
CONT

Desde hace casi noventa años sabemos que existe un elemento en el universo que condiciona el movimiento de los astros a gran escala, pero todavía no somos capaces de describirla: la materia oscura.

Save record 3

Record 4 2017-03-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Tort Law (common law)
CONT

Fair comment on matters of public concern or interest is protected from liability for defamation provided it is based on fact. These matters fall within two main categories; first those in which the public has a legitimate interest, such as government activity, political debate, proposals by public figures, and public affairs generally; second, works of art displayed in public such as theatrical performances, music and literature. In a democratic and culturally vibrant society, a discussion of these matters must be unfettered. In the case of the former, the public has an interest by reason of the nature of the subject matter. With regard to the latter, the objects of the comment have voluntarily submitted their deeds to public scrutiny.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit des délits (common law)
CONT

Il est possible de faire un commentaire loyal sur des questions d'intérêt public sans risquer d'être tenu responsable pour diffamation, pourvu que ce commentaire soit fondé sur des faits. Ces questions se répartissent en deux catégories : premièrement, celles qui présentent un intérêt légitime pour le public, comme les activités gouvernementales, les débats politiques, les propositions avancées par les personnalités publiques et les affaires publiques en général; deuxièmement, les œuvres artistiques présentées au public, comme les pièces de théâtre, la musique et la littérature. Le débat sur ces questions ne peut être limité dans une société sur les plans démocratique et culturel. En ce qui concerne la première catégorie, l'intérêt du public ressort de la nature même des questions traitées; quant à la deuxième, les œuvres qui font l'objet de commentaires sont volontairement soumises par leur auteur à l'appréciation du public.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Derecho de ilícitos civiles (common law)
Save record 4

Record 5 2017-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Tort Law (common law)
CONT

[The Negligence Act of Ontario] further stipulates that "If it is not practicable to determine the respective degree of fault or negligence as between any parties to an action, such parties shall be deemed to be equally at fault or negligent. "If the action is tried by a jury, it is for them to determine the degree of fault or negligence as a question of fact. If it is a trial by judge alone, "apportionment of fault is primarily and properly a matter within the discretion of the trial judge... "(and) "except in a strong and exceptional case, an appellate Court will not feel free to substitute its apportionment of fault for that made by the trial Judge, unless there has been palpable and demonstrable error in appreciation of the legal principles to be applied or misapprehension of the facts by the trial Judge. "

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit des délits (common law)

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2015-07-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Family Law (common law)
OBS

The term "de facto separation" is often used in opposition to judicial separation.

OBS

de facto : in fact, in reality, in actual existence, as a matter of fact.

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la famille (common law)
OBS

La séparation de fait s'oppose à la séparation judiciaire.

OBS

séparation de fait : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 2015-03-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Law of Evidence
  • Special-Language Phraseology
CONT

Everyday practice in these courts shows that, where the matter for decision is one of ordinary common sense, the judge of fact is entitled to form his own judgment on the real evidence of a view, just as much as on the oral evidence of witnesses.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit de la preuve
  • Phraséologie des langues de spécialité

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 2015-03-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Legal Actions
  • Rules of Court
DEF

The entire overthrow or destruction of an action, resulting from the fact that the defendant pleads a matter which defeats the action either for the time being or permanently.

OBS

A suit at law, when it abates as at common law, is absolutely dead; any further enforcement of the cause of action necessitates the bringing of a new suit. But in courts of equity and also in some law courts proceeding under modern practice statutes or rules, an abatement signifies only a present suspension of all proceedings in the suit because of the want of proper parties capable of proceeding therein; the suit can be revived or put in motion by a bill of revivor and proceed to its regular determination.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Actions en justice
  • Règles de procédure
CONT

L'extinction de l'action n'a pas d'incidence sur la responsabilité qui échoit pour les frais précédemment engagés.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Acciones judiciales
  • Reglamento procesal
Save record 8

Record 9 2014-04-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Private Law
  • Property Law (civil law)
CONT

One may also say that possession solo animo comes close to discontinuous possession. As a matter of fact, it seems that the rule of solo animo possession acknowledges that possession may be kept even in the absence of acts of possession.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit privé
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (droit civil)
DEF

Possession maintenue grâce à la persistance de l'élément intentionnel chez le possesseur, malgré l'absence de faits matériels qui en démontrent l'existence.

CONT

La possession d'un immeuble par celui qui en a été dépouillé temporairement par un tiers est une possession solo animo.

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 2014-04-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • The Legislature (Constitutional Law)
  • Special-Language Phraseology
CONT

These circumstances, in my opinion, are evidence from which a jury would be warranted in holding as matter of fact that the defendants had the pigs in their possession.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pouvoir législatif (Droit constitutionnel)
  • Phraséologie des langues de spécialité

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 2014-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
  • Rules of Court
DEF

... a disability whereby a party is precluded from alleging or proving in legal proceedings that a fact is otherwise than it has been made to appear by the matter giving rise to that disability.(Halsbury, 3rd ed., Vol. 15, p. 168).

OBS

"Estoppe," says Lord Coke, "cometh of the French word "estoupe," from whence the English word stopped; and it is called an estoppel or conclusion, because a man’s own act or acceptance stoppeth or closeth up his mouth to allege or plead the truth." Estoppel may also be defined to be a legal result or "conclusion" arising from an admission which has either been actually made, or which the law presumes to have been made, and which is binding on all persons whom it affects. Or we may adopt the definition of estoppel given by Bramwell, L.J., as follows: "An estoppel may be said to exist where a person is compelled to admit that to be true which is not true, and to act upon a theory which is contrary to the truth. This formula nearly approaches a correct definition of estoppel." (Everest & Strode’s, 3rd ed., 1923, p. 1).

OBS

estoppel: So spelled; the word is sometimes misspelled "estoppal" ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
  • Règles de procédure
DEF

Principe de droit en vertu duquel une personne est irrecevable à revenir sur des déclarations ou à désavouer une attitude antérieure alors que ce changement pourrait porter préjudice à une autre personne qui s'était basée légitimement sur ces déclarations ou sur cette attitude.

OBS

préclusion : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 11

Record 12 2013-09-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
DEF

Logically connected and tending to prove or disprove a matter in issue; having appreciable probative value that is, rationally tending to persuade people of the probability or possibility of some alleged fact.

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

pertinent : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 12

Record 13 2013-09-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
DEF

Pertinent; applying to the matter in question. In the law of evidence, the fact is said to be relevant if it either directly or indirectly proves or disproves a fact in issue. Evidence that is irrelevant to the matters in issue is not admissible.

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

Expression employée dans l'application contextuelle da la notion de "fact relevant to an issue" et par extension, de "evidence relevant to an issue"; par ex., "this fact (ou this evidence) is relevant to consent".

OBS

connexe à : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 13

Record 14 2013-09-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
CONT

The court may obtain the assistance of merchants, engineers... to enable it to determine any matter of fact in question in any cause or proceeding....(Ontario Supreme Court Rules of Practice, R. 267(1]

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

question de fait : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 14

Record 15 2013-08-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
OBS

The doctrine of "judicial notice" enables the court to accept the truth of a matter relevant to the resolution of the dispute before it without the necessity of formal proof by a party. The notice taken may be of a matter of fact or law. In general, courts will take judicial notice of any matter that is so notorious as to be common knowledge or that is clearly established or capable of demonstration by references to a readily obtainable source of indisputable accuracy.

OBS

judicial notice: title of sections 17 and 18 respectively of the Canada Evidence Act, R.S.C., 1970 and 1985.

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

connaissance d'office : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 15

Record 16 2013-08-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
OBS

Every one who, being a witness in a judicial proceeding, gives evidence with respect to any matter of fact or knowledge and who subsequently, in a judicial proceeding, gives evidence that is contrary to his previous evidence is guilty of an indictable offence....(Criminal Code, s. 124(1]

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
DEF

Témoignage, dont une partie est incompatible avec une autre portion du même témoignage, ou qui est incompatible avec un autre témoignage du même témoin.

OBS

témoignage contradictoire: terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 16

Record 17 2013-07-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
DEF

Something declared or asserted as a matter of fact, especially in a legal pleading; a party's formal statement of a factual matter as being true or provable, without its having yet been proved.

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
CONT

Affirmation d'un fait sur lequel une partie à un procès fonde ses prétentions. Une allégation peut être écrite ou orale.

OBS

allégation : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 17

Record 18 2013-05-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
DEF

The rehearsal or statement in a formal or legal document of some fact or facts closely connected with the matter or purpose of the document itself.(Oxford, 1933, p. 243).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

énonciation : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 18

Record 19 2013-02-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
  • Law of Contracts (common law)
DEF

A variety of actual notice that arises where the existence of a fact is within the knowledge of a party so that he is put upon inquiry and can discover the true facts by making reasonable inquiry. For example, in the law of agency, notice can be implied or imputed by law to the principal when notice of any issue or matter is given to an agent when the matter is within the scope of his agency. The principal cannot deny notice except to charge that the agent is in collusion with the party claiming such notice.(Yogis, 1983, p. 149).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
  • Droit des contrats (common law)
OBS

connaissance indirecte : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 19

Record 20 2012-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
  • Nuclear Physics
CONT

Weak interactions are responsible for the fact that all the more massive quarks and leptons decay to produce lighter quarks and leptons. When a particle decays, it disappears and in its place two or more particles appear. The sum of the masses of the produced particles is always less than the mass of the original particle. This is why stable matter around us contains only electrons and the lightest two quarks(up and down.) When a quark or lepton changes type(i. e. a muon changing to an electron) it is said to change flavor. All flavor changes are due to the weak interaction. The carrier particles of the weak intereactions are the W+, W-, and the Z bosons. The W's are electrically charged and the Z is neutral. A very interesting aspect of the Standard Model is that electromagnetic interactions and weak intereactions are combined into a unified interaction called electroweak.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
  • Physique nucléaire
CONT

L'une des conséquences de cette théorie (unifiant les forces magnétique et nucléaire faible) est que les médiateurs de l'interaction faible sont trois particules: les bosons intermédiaires W+, W- et Zo, qui jouent le même rôle que le photon dans l'interaction électromagnétique. Ces trois nouvelles particules devaient avoir une masse de l'ordre 100 GeV, soit cent fois celle du proton; elles ont été découvertes en 1983 grâce au synchrotron à protons de 400 GeV du CERN.

Key term(s)
  • boson W-
  • W-

Spanish

Save record 20

Record 21 2011-09-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Social Movements
  • Philosophy (General)
DEF

A philosophic movement of the 18th century characterized by an untrammeled but frequently uncritical use of reason, a lively questioning of authority and traditional doctrines and values, a tendency toward individualism, and on the empirical method in science.

CONT

The Age of Enlightenment... was an eighteenth-century movement in European and American philosophy, or the longer period including the Age of Reason. The term can more narrowly refer to the intellectual movement of The Enlightenment, which advocated Reason as the primary basis of authority. Developing in France, Britain and Germany, its sphere of influence also included Austria, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Scandinavia, Spain and, as a matter of fact, the whole Europe.

OBS

Aufklärung: correct term; refers more specifically to the Enlightment movement in Germany.

OBS

Enlightenment: Rarely used with an initial small letter "e" ("enlightenment").

PHR

Age of, dialectic of, path of Enlightenment.

PHR

European, spiritual Enlightenment.

PHR

Enlightenment art, period, philosophy, thinker.

PHR

Buddhism Enlightenment.

Key term(s)
  • Aufklaerung

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mouvements sociaux
  • Philosophie (Généralités)
DEF

Mouvement philosophique qui domina le monde des idées en Europe au XVIIIe s.

CONT

Le mot Lumières définit métaphoriquement le mouvement intellectuel, culturel et philosophique qui a dominé, en Europe et particulièrement en France, le XVIIIe siècle auquel il a donné, par extension, son nom de siècle des Lumières. Les Lumières ont marqué le domaine des idées et de la littérature par leurs remises en question fondées sur la «raison éclairée» de l'être humain et sur l'idée de liberté. Par leurs engagements contre les oppressions religieuses, morales et politiques, les membres de ce mouvement, qui se voyaient comme une élite avancée ouvrant pour un progrès du monde, combattant l'irrationalité, la superstition et la tyrannie des siècles passés, ont procédé au renouvellement du savoir, de l'éthique et de l'esthétique de leur temps. Leur rôle a été déterminant dans les grands évènements de la fin du XVIIIe siècle que sont la Révolution française et la déclaration d'indépendance des États-Unis d'Amérique.

OBS

Les principaux représentants des Lumières sont en Grande-Bretagne («Enlightenment») J. Locke, D. Hume, I. Newton, en Allemagne («Aufklärung») C. Wolff, Lessing, Herder, en France Montesquieu, Voltaire, Diderot, J.-J. Rousseau, tous les Encyclopédistes, Condillac et Buffon.

OBS

On parle aussi des Lumières pour désigner les intellectuels, écrivains, philosophes emblématiques de ce mouvement de pensée.

OBS

Aufklärung : terme correct; il se rapporte plus spécifiquement au mouvement des Lumières en Allemagne.

PHR

Courant, mouvement, philosophie, siècle des Lumières.

Key term(s)
  • Aufklaerung

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Movimientos sociales
  • Filosofía (Generalidades)
CONT

Se denomina habitualmente Ilustración o Siglo de las luces a la corriente intelectual de pensamiento que dominó Europa y en especial Francia e Inglaterra (donde tuvieron su expresión más enérgica) durante casi todo el siglo XVIII y que abarca desde el Racionalismo y el Empirismo del siglo XVII hasta la Revolución Industrial del siglo XVIII, la Revolución Francesa y el Liberalismo. La expresión estética de este movimiento intelectual se denominará Neoclasicismo.

Save record 21

Record 22 2010-08-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Tillage Operations (Agriculture)
  • Farming Techniques
DEF

A laborious system of bringing subsoil to the surface in gardens, in which two 0.6 m (2 ft) ditches are dug.

CONT

Double digging. a) Take out a trench and wheel soil to the other end of the plot. b) Get down into this trench and break up the soil really well with a fork. Then add any FYM [farm yard mamure] or compost on top of this broken up soil. c) Now dig out the second trench, throwing the soil well forward onto the manure in the first.

CONT

Although it may seem a complicated process, in fact double digging is straightforward. You just need to imagine that you have two layers. The top is dug with a spade and the bottom with a fork so you can incorporate some organic matter.

OBS

Another name for (double-dig) is "bastard trenching" ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Travaux du sol (Agriculture)
  • Techniques agricoles
DEF

Type de bêchage sur grandes surfaces qui consiste à ouvrir des tranchées de 2 fers de profondeur et à retourner le sol de chaque tranchée dans la précédente sans mélanger le sol des deux couches.

CONT

Avant de planter des petites fleurs fragiles ou des arbustes aux racines très ramifiées, pratiquez le double bêchage. Creusez une première tranchée; entassez la terre d'un côté. À la fourche, brisez les mottes et incorporez de l'humus. Bêchez une seconde tranchée; rejetez la terre dans la première; puis comblez la deuxième avec la terre de la première.

Key term(s)
  • double-dig
  • double-digging

Spanish

Save record 22

Record 23 2010-06-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Diplomacy
  • International Relations
DEF

A note that is addressed by the diplomatic envoys of several States to the same government concerning a matter about which their governments have agreed to make a joint representation. The participating envoys may all sign one document, or may send separate documents provided the text is the same in all of them. It is in fact a joint representation on the part of the Chiefs of Mission concerned and is used only under exceptional circumstances as it is sometimes regarded as offensive by the Foreign Office addressed.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Diplomatie
  • Relations internationales
DEF

Note écrite, élaborée de concert, signée et présentée par les représentants diplomatiques de plusieurs Puissances en vue de marquer par là la communauté de leurs vues et d'exercer ainsi une pression sur le gouvernement auquel elle s'adresse.

CONT

Ce [...] type de notes est rarement employé. Dans les cas de ce genre, il s'agit généralement de notes verbales, voir de simples aide-mémoire; ce qui ne veut pas dire que la pratique ne connaisse pas d'exemples concrets de notes collectives signées.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Diplomacia
  • Relaciones internacionales
DEF

Nota que dirigen a un Gobierno los representantes de varios Estados acreditados ante él, que consideran oportuno realizar la gestión conjuntamente. Reviste un carácter solemne y debe obedecer a graves razones.

Save record 23

Record 24 2009-08-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Wastewater Treatment
OBS

The oxyrapid unit. A compact, complete-mixing plant.... the orthodox system... suffers from the following disadvantages;... Sudden overloading of the bacterial flora at the top of the tank, due to the fact that the sludge loses its oxygen in the secondary settling tank and that all the polluting matter enters at the same point.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Traitement des eaux usées
OBS

L'oxyrapid. Appareil compact à mélange intégral. [...] Celui-ci présente les inconvénients suivants; [...] Surcharge brutale de la flore bactérienne en tête du bassin, due au fait que, [...] dans le décanteur secondaire les boues se sont désoxygénées et [...] toute la masse polluante est introduite en un seul point.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Tratamiento de aguas residuales
CONT

[...] las formas de corrosión pueden ser muy diversas. [...] Entre [ellas] se encuentran las condiciones del flujo, la composición de los ductos y las características biológicas fisicoquímicas del agua. Cabe señalar que la presencia en el agua de determinadas floras bacterianas (bacterias sulfato-reductoras y ferrobacterias) incide directamente en el aumento de la corrosión del sistema.

Save record 24

Record 25 2009-05-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Soil Science
  • Geochemistry
DEF

A soil lacking continuous lateral development of any master horizon other than C.

CONT

As a matter of fact the permafrost, a raw mineral soil of colder regions, is frozen permanently at a certain depth.

OBS

Soil horizon: A layer of soil, approximately parallel to the surface, that has distinct characteristics ... These are the major horizons: O Horizon ...; A horizon ...; B horizon; C horizon ...; R horizon.

OBS

raw minerogenic soil: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Science du sol
  • Géochimie
CONT

Le pergélisol est un sol minéral brut des régions froides, gelé en permanence à une certaine profondeur.

OBS

sol minéral brut : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.

Spanish

Save record 25

Record 26 2008-09-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Tort Law (common law)
CONT

It is clearly for the defendant to establish, in so far as the defamatory allegations consist of statements of fact, they are true in substance and that, in so far as they are alleged to be comment, they are comment and that the comment is on a matter of public interest.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit des délits (common law)

Spanish

Save record 26

Record 27 2007-04-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Food Industries
  • Fruits and Vegetables (Types and Processing - Food Ind.)
  • Beverages
CONT

Coffee pulp is the skin of the coffee fruit. It represents 40 per cent by weight(fresh) of the fruit, and is separated from the fruit by mechanical action with the help of water. Another coffee by-product is mucilage, which can be removed from the depulped fruit by natural solid fermentation. It represents 20 per cent by weight(fresh) of the fruit. Both can be obtained together without introducing drastic and costly changes in coffee processing itself. As a matter of fact, it would be better to depulp the fruit with a minimum amount of water.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Industrie de l'alimentation
  • Fruits et légumes (Types et traitement - Alimentation)
  • Boissons (Industrie de l'alimentation)
DEF

Enlever la pulpe fraîche d'un fruit.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Industria alimentaria
  • Frutas y verduras (Tipos y procesamiento - Ind. alimentaria)
  • Bebidas
Save record 27

Record 28 2007-01-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Typography
  • Typesetting and Imagesetting
DEF

A streak of white space in printed matter resulting from the fact that the space between words in several lines happen to occur almost one below the other.

OBS

The concept coined by the English term "river" is more general than that designated by the French term "lézarde" since, in English, no distinction is made between straight, almost vertical channels of white and sinuous, diagonal or horizontal channels.

Key term(s)
  • gutter gap

French

Domaine(s)
  • Typographie (Caractères)
  • Composition (Imprimerie)
CONT

Lézardes, rues, cheminées désignent les lignes blanches plus ou moins zigzagantes, obliques ou verticales, qui semblent séparer une portion de texte imprimée en deux ou plusieurs morceaux juxtaposés.

OBS

En français, on utilise le terme «lézarde» pour désigner un blanc sinueux presque horizontal et les termes «rue», «ruelle» et «cheminée» pour désigner un blanc vertical droit, continu ou discontinu, contrairement à l'anglais qui, lui, ne fait pas cette distinction. Ces blancs ont pour origine la superposition malencontreuse d'espacements.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Tipografía (Caracteres)
  • Composición (Imprenta)
DEF

En la publicación electrónica, es una falla del formato, causada por patrones accidentales de espacios en blanco entre las palabras, que guían la visión a seguir el flujo descendente por tres líneas o más.

Save record 28

Record 29 2006-12-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Practice and Procedural Law
  • Legal Actions
  • Penal Law
DEF

A written denial of the errors alleged in an assignment in a criminal case.

CONT

No assignment of error, or joinder in error, shall be necessary upon any appeal or writ of error, in a criminal case, issued or taken pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this chapter, but the court shall proceed upon the return thereof without delay, and render judgment upon the record before them.

OBS

Error. A mistake in a court proceeding concerning a matter of law or fact, which might provide a ground for a review of the judgment rendered in the proceeding.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit judiciaire
  • Actions en justice
  • Droit pénal

Spanish

Save record 29

Record 30 2006-11-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Typography
  • Typesetting and Imagesetting
DEF

A streak of white space in printed matter resulting from the fact that the space between words in several lines happen to occur almost one below the other.

OBS

The concept coined by the English term river is more general than that designated by the French term lézarde since, in English, no distinction is made between straight, almost vertical channels of white and sinuous, diagonal or horizontal channels.

Key term(s)
  • gutter gap

French

Domaine(s)
  • Typographie (Caractères)
  • Composition (Imprimerie)
CONT

Lézardes, rues, cheminées désignent les lignes blanches plus ou moins zigzagantes, obliques ou verticales, qui semblent séparer une portion de texte imprimée en deux ou plusieurs morceaux juxtaposés.

OBS

En français, on utilise le terme «lézarde» pour désigner un blanc sinueux presque horizontal et les termes «rue», «ruelle» et «cheminée» pour désigner un blanc vertical droit, continu ou discontinu, contrairement à l'anglais qui, lui, ne fait pas cette distinction. Ces blancs ont pour origine la superposition malencontreuse d'espacements.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Tipografía (Caracteres)
  • Composición (Imprenta)
DEF

En la composición de un texto, coincidencia del espacio que media entre dos palabras con espacios de las líneas siguientes, cuya sucesión se traduce por la existencia de una franja blanca, vertical u oblicua, que produce un efecto antiestético [...]

Save record 30

Record 31 2004-10-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Letterpress (printing methods)
CONT

The Baskerville was created by John Baskerville, a typefounder and printer in late eighteenth-century England. It is classified as transitional. As a matter of fact, with its generous proportions, the Baskerville appears not very different from its predecessors. But the difference between fine and bold strokes is more marked, the lower-case serifs are almost horizontal and the emphasis on the stroke widths is almost vertical.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Typographie (procédés d'impression)
OBS

Du nom de son inventeur, John Baskerville, ce caractère, tout en conservant certaines caractéristiques des garaldes, est marqué par une légère augmentation du contraste entre les pleins et les déliés, un certain raffinement des empattements et la symétrie verticale des lettres,

Spanish

Save record 31

Record 32 2003-12-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemistry
  • Processing of Mineral Products
  • Mineral Processing (Metallurgy)
  • Petrochemistry
CONT

The actual value determined may not be the density of the suspension but the excess weight of the suspended matter in relation to a specific weight of water at the given temperature or, more precisely, of the suspensoid(which is in fact a solution of several mineral salts and gases in the water).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chimie
  • Préparation des produits miniers
  • Minéralurgie (Métallurgie)
  • Chimie du pétrole
DEF

Colloïde dont la phase dispersée est solide.

CONT

La mesure peut porter, non sur la densité de la suspension, mais sur l'excès de poids représenté par les matières en suspension par rapport au poids spécifique, à la température considérée de l'eau ou, plus précisément, du suspensoïde (qui est en réalité une solution de divers sels minéraux et de gaz dans l'eau).

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Química
  • Preparación de los productos mineros
  • Explotación de minerales (Metalurgia)
  • Petroquímica
Save record 32

Record 33 2003-08-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Paleontology
OBS

The parietal lip [of a gastropod] may be formed by... a coating of smooth shelly matter extending out of the aperture and constituting, in fact, the inner wall of the last coil of the helicone. This shelly coating, which is secreted by the entire surface of the mantle... [is called] "callus"...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Paléontologie
OBS

Le "cal", formation calcaire de remplissage issue de la couche interne dont il a l'aspect luisant porcelané et non nacré, peut se développer sur le bord columellaire [...] [d'un Gastéropode], sur le bord pariétal, et même s'enfoncer dans l'ombilic, soit en le tapissant, [...] soit en le comblant partiellement [...]

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Paleontología
Save record 33

Record 34 2003-07-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Rules of Court
  • Tort Law (common law)
DEF

A plea or answer by the defendant in an action for libel or slander in which he combines the defenses of truth and fair comment, alleging in effect the truth of the matters of fact stated in the publication, that such facts are proper matter of public interest and concern, and that the published comments thereon are justified.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Règles de procédure
  • Droit des délits (common law)

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Reglamento procesal
  • Derecho de ilícitos civiles (common law)
OBS

En las demandas o querellas por difamación.

Save record 34

Record 35 - external organization data 2003-07-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Energy (Physics)
  • Compartment - Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
DEF

The arrangement of the parts of an atom, which consists of a massive, positively charged nucleous surrounded by a cloud of electrons arranged in orbits describable in terms of quantum mechanics.

CONT

Atomic structure and properties... A more meaningful definition of "atom" can be made in terms of the internal structure, which has been well understood at least since 1927. In these terms the atom is the unit of matter that contains a small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by sufficient negative electrons to make the whole electrically neutral. Structure. All atoms are about the same size, and this fact is a clue to the nature of their structure. The atomic diameter is about 2 X 10[ superscript]-8 cm(2 hundred-millionths of a centimeter). Since this is only 1/1000 of the wavelength of visible light, atoms cannot be seen in the ordinary sense, even with microscope.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
  • Chimie
  • Énergie (Physique)
  • Tiroir - Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
CONT

Structure de l'atome [...] L'atome est composé de trois éléments de base : le proton, le neutron et l'électron. Ils sont groupés en : a) Un noyau, très dense, où est concentrée presque toute la masse de l'atome, et qui est formé de nucléons de masses très voisines (1,66.10[exposant]-24g) [...] Ces nucléons sont les protons (P), portant une charge électrique positive (1,6.10[exposant]-19C), et les neutrons (N), sans charge électrique. b) Autour de ce noyau gravitent des électrons [...] en couches successives (K,L,M, ...); à chaque couche correspond un niveau d'énergie [...] La masse de l'électron est environ 1 850 fois plus faible que celle du proton. Le diamètre de l'atome est de l'ordre de 10[exposant]-8 cm, celui du noyau de 10[exposant]-12 cm, c'est-à-dire 10 000 fois plus petit.

OBS

On doit, en principe, dire «structure de l'atome». Toutefois, on parlera de la structure atomique de tel ou tel corps simple.

Spanish

Save record 35

Record 36 2002-09-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Auditing (Accounting)
  • National Accounting
DEF

An entry having the effect of balancing an account.

CONT

Flows and stocks are recorded on the two sides of the accounts and balance sheets. A balancing item is derived as the difference between the sums of the entries on the two sides of an account or balance sheet. Balancing items have analytical significance of great importance. As a matter of fact, many important variables in the national accounts are calculated as balancing items. e. g. value added.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Vérification (Comptabilité)
  • Comptabilité nationale
OBS

Compense les erreurs et omissions.

Key term(s)
  • erreurs et omissions

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Verificación (Contabilidad)
  • Contabilidad nacional
Save record 36

Record 37 2001-07-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Food Industries
  • Breadmaking
  • Industrial Tools and Equipment
CONT

Mixers vary greatly in their design and action on the dough. Some stretch and knead while others cut and pinch, but the remarkable fact is that most mixers, provided that they are sufficiently fast, are capable of bringing dough to an equivalent physical state. Developments in high-speed dough mixing have led to mixers that are bigger(e. g. up to 1000 kilograms of dough capacity), faster, cooler, safer and cleaner. Advances and improvements have largely been a matter of refinement designed to keep pace with customer demands, government regulations, and practical production requirements. Although the horizontal bar mixer remains the most popular commercial design, "spiral" mixers have recently started to enjoy considerable success.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Industrie de l'alimentation
  • Boulangerie
  • Outillage industriel
CONT

Il existe différents types de pétrin qui offrent une grande diversité d'action. Certains étirent et malaxent la pâte tandis que d'autres la découpent et la pincent. Ce qu'il y a de plus remarquable, c'est que, quel que soit leur type, à peu près tous les pétrins donnent des résultats semblables. Les progrès dans le domaine des pétrins à vitesse élevée ont donné lieu au développement de pétrins plus gros (par exemple, jusqu'à 1 000 kilogrammes), plus rapides et plus propres, faits de matériaux qui s'échauffent moins et offrent une plus grande sécurité. Tous les progrès et améliorations sont attribuables en grande partie au désir des boulangers de répondre aux demandes des consommateurs, de respecter les règlements gouvernementaux et de satisfaire les exigences pratiques de la production. Bien que le pétrin à axe horizontal soit encore le type de pétrin le plus utilisé, le pétrin à mouvements en spirale gagne du terrain depuis quelques temps.

Spanish

Save record 37

Record 38 2001-06-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Food Industries
  • Cheese and Dairy Products
CONT

As the ice cream is drawn with about half of its water frozen, particulate matter such as fruits, nuts, candy, cookies, or whatever you like, is added to the semi-frozen slurry which has a consistency similar to soft-serve ice cream. In fact, almost the only thing which differentiates hard frozen ice cream from soft-serve, is the fact that soft serve is drawn into cones at this point in the process rather than into packages for subsequent hardening.

OBS

Soft serve ice cream: frozen dairy product mixes e.g. includes soft serve yogurt, milk shake mix.

Key term(s)
  • soft serve

French

Domaine(s)
  • Industrie de l'alimentation
  • Laiterie, beurrerie et fromagerie
DEF

Crème glacée consommée directement au sortir d'un appareil congélateur, sans durcissement subséquent.

OBS

glace à l'italienne : Terme utilisé le plus souvent en Europe.

Key term(s)
  • glace à l'italienne

Spanish

Save record 38

Record 39 2000-03-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • Legal System
OBS

in statu quo is a latinism properly equivalent to "in statu quo ante"(=in the same condition as previously. Some writers have quite understandably assumed that there was a distinction between "in statu quo" and "in statu quo ante", and have used the former merely to mean "in the status quo"; in the same condition as now exists. Here the phrase is correctly used :"The fact that the parties cannot be put ’in statu quo’ precisely as to the subject matter of the contract will not preclude a decree for rescission"./"Depriving one of the benefit of a contract that he supposes he has made leaves everything ’in statu quo’, rather than imposing a liability to which no limit can be placed". The foregoing discussion is largely beside the point, however, inasmuch as the English renditions of the phrase are preferable to the Latinate. One should write in the status quo(present condition) or "in the status quo ante"(previous condition).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Théorie du droit
OBS

voir Harrap's au mot tel

Spanish

Save record 39

Record 40 1999-07-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Textile Industries
  • Textiles: Preparation and Processing
CONT

Black Green Absorbent Foam... It is a real absorbent. The general term absorption in fact applies to two separate physical phenomena : adsorption and absorption. Adsorption is defined as the tendency of molecules to adhere to the surface of a solid, while absorption is the taking up of matter(the absorbate) into the matrix of other matter(the absorbent).

OBS

Absorption: The process of gases or liquids being taken up into the pores of a fabric, yarn, or fabric.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Industries du textile
  • Apprêt et traitements divers (Textiles)
DEF

En textile, c'est la substance absorbée par une fibre, fil ou étoffe.

OBS

Chromatographie : Processus d'analyse chimique par absorption sélective des constituants d'un mélange par une matière pulvérulente.

Spanish

Save record 40

Record 41 1999-07-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Semantics
CONT

The question of circular definition and uniqueness of definition is not a problem of the lexicographers as long as it is understandable what is meant by a particular notion. The terminologist is interested in the uniqueness of definition and as a matter of fact discourages circular definition to provide a sort of axiomatic system. He has to make sure that two different terms can be clearly distinguished from each other if and only if they are not synonyms; and if they are synonyms a terminologist will try to encourage discontinuing the use of one of those terms.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sémantique
DEF

La définition sert à expliquer une notion; elle doit pour ce faire s'appuyer sur d'autres notions déjà connues. Est donc fautive une définition qui dans les faits s'appuie sur elle-même, car on s'y sert, de façon plus ou moins explicite et plus ou moins directe, de la notion à définir... pour la définir. On comprend bien qu'ainsi on n'explique pas vraiment. Comme l'intelligence semble alors tourner en rond, une telle définition est dite circulaire.

Spanish

Save record 41

Record 42 1998-09-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Soil Science
OBS

The fact that there is little decrease of organic matter with depth is the reason for these soils being termed isohumic.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Science du sol
OBS

Schématiquement c'est le taux de transformation du produit en humus.

Spanish

Save record 42

Record 43 1995-04-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Continuing Education
CONT

The goal of having an implemented process model of expertise is an interesting constraint for the definition of the subject matter. For a model to be operational, knowledge cannot be merely enunciated and explained : it must be put to work. Thus, all the knowledge critical to the target behavior has to be captured in the model of expertise, including the knowledge required for appropriately using knowledge. The fact that this model must be able to solve the same problems the student will eventually learn to solve ensures that, at some level of epistemic fidelity, it is complete.

CONT

In the representation of the subject matter, process models have been used to simulate two types of processes: 1) to model the phenomena the student has to understand, such as electronic circuits in SOPHIE and rainfall in WHY, 2) to model parts of the actual reasoning process the student learns to perform (ACTP tutors).

CONT

... the ideal component of the process model contains plans that describe how more complex tasks can be accomplished using a sequence of simpler tasks and commands, and have been implemented as a hierarchy of frames.

CONT

... a process model of the student’s decision making....

OBS

Compare to mental state and mental models. See knowledge state.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Éducation permanente
OBS

Voir modélisation de processus, modèle quantitatif et modèle qualitatif.

Spanish

Save record 43

Record 44 1991-05-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mathematics
CONT

Let us begin with a close examination of the concept of global density of matter. As with the concept of the length of a coastline, things seem simple, but in fact go awry very quickly and most interestingly. To define and measure density, one starts with the mass M(R) in a sphere of radius R centered on Earth. The approximated density... is evaluated. After that, the value of R is made to tend toward infinity, and the global density is defined as the limit toward which the approximate density converges.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques

Spanish

Save record 44

Record 45 1989-12-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biological Sciences
CONT

In many cases the presence of an insoluble or even soluble carrier matrix may become an insuperable obstacle for the enzyme to perform its function in the organism. In such cases investigators have used bifunctional reagents to stabilize enzymes by intramolecular crosslinking. As a rule these attempts have had only limited success, based on trials with many enzymes.... The matter is complicated by the fact that the bifunctional reagent can interact with the enzyme in three different ways : one point modification, intermolecular linking, and intramolecular crosslinking. The observed stabilization effect can be explained easily by a simple modification to the enzyme or by changes in the microenvironment as a result of the modification.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sciences biologiques
CONT

L'insolubilisation des enzymes requiert (...) une "greffe" dans des conditions douces, entre R-COOH ou R-NH2 de la protéine et certains groupements réactifs du support solide. (...) Les agents du couplage enzyme-support sont en bonne règle des agents bifonctionnels, actifs dans des conditions douces (glutaraldéhyde, carbodiimides, etc.). Souvent, la liaison n'est pas effectuée en une seule étape, mais le support est d'abord activé, puis la protéine lui est fixée.

Spanish

Save record 45

Record 46 1981-07-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Insurance
OBS

There may be a considerable number of members who are, in fact, not actively at work but who retain their union cards principally because of the group insurance. This, of course, is not allowed for in the regular group premium rate and it is, therefore, only a matter of time before the claims experience under the group rises above acceptable limits.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Assurances
OBS

Il peut y avoir un grand nombre qui ne sont pas, de fait, activement au travail, mais qui continuent d'être membres en règle du syndicat principalement en vue de l'assurance collective. Évidemment, les tarifs des primes de l'assurance collective ordinaire ne tiennent pas compte de cette situation et, par conséquent, ce n'est qu'une question de temps avant que les réclamations parmi le groupe ne commencent à dépasser les limites acceptables.

Spanish

Save record 46

Record 47 1981-01-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Wastewater Treatment
  • Water Treatment (Water Supply)
CONT

The oxyrapid unit. A compact, complete-mixing plant.... the orthodox system... suffers from the following disadvantages :... Sudden overloading of the bacterial flora at the top of the tank, due to the fact that the sludge loses its oxygen in the secondary settling tank and that all the polluting matter enters at the same point.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Traitement des eaux usées
  • Traitement des eaux
CONT

L'oxyrapid. Appareil compact à mélange intégral. [...] Celui-ci présente les inconvénients suivants : [...] Surcharge brutale de la flore bactérienne en tête du bassin, due au fait que, [...] dans le décanteur secondaire les boues se sont désoxygénées et [...] toute la masse polluante est introduite en un seul point.

Spanish

Save record 47

Record 48 1976-06-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Translation
  • Language Problems
OBS

as a matter of fact, I do know something about it(The Linguist) Jan./53

French

Domaine(s)
  • Traduction
  • Problèmes de langue
OBS

justement, j'en sais quelque chose

Spanish

Save record 48

Record 49 1976-06-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Legal Documents
OBS

the erroneous or incorrect recital of a matter of fact either in an agreement, deed, or pleading

French

Domaine(s)
  • Documents juridiques

Spanish

Save record 49

Copyright notice for the TERMIUM Plus® data bank

© Public Services and Procurement Canada, 2026
TERMIUM Plus®, the Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank
A product of the Translation Bureau

Features

GCtranslate (available on the Government of Canada network only)

Use this artificial intelligence prototype to translate Government of Canada content up to and including Protected B. Available to employees of selected departments and agencies only.

Writing tools

The Language Portal’s writing tools have a new look! Easy to consult, they give you access to a wealth of information that will help you write better in English and French.

Glossaries and vocabularies

Access Translation Bureau glossaries and vocabularies.

Date Modified: