TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nuclear physicists seek to understand not just the familiar forms of [nuclear] matter we see around us, but also exotic forms such as those that existed in the first moments after the Big Bang and that exist today inside neutron stars. The aim is to understand why matter takes on the specific forms now observed in nature and how that knowledge can benefit society in the areas of commerce, medicine, and national security.  2, record 1, English, - nuclear%20physicist

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nuclear physics: The physics of atomic nuclei and their interactions, especially in the generation of nuclear energy.  3, record 1, English, - nuclear%20physicist

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... ICAI programs contain two types of knowledge : content knowledge about the subject matter being taught and pedagogical knowledge, that is, knowledge about how to teach the subject.  6, record 2, English, - pedagogical%20knowledge

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Student requests can be handled by applying pedagogical knowledge to decide how best to respond, and to replan instruction if necessary.  7, record 2, English, - pedagogical%20knowledge

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Dynamic instructional planning uses these capabilities to apply pedagogical knowledge to reason about instructional actions that a tutor can perform.  8, record 2, English, - pedagogical%20knowledge

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 4 CONT

Separating the domain knowledge base from the teaching knowledge provides tremendous engineering efficiency, allowing the teaching knowledge to be more clearly formalized, evaluated, and reused.  2, record 2, English, - pedagogical%20knowledge

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 5 CONT

The most important feature is that the domain knowledge is distinct from the teaching expertise.  9, record 2, English, - pedagogical%20knowledge

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] séparer l'expertise pédagogique de l'expertise du domaine [...]  1, record 2, French, - expertise%20p%C3%A9dagogique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Prior Knowledge. Before the students begin the lesson, ensure that you know what previous exposure they have had to the subject matter, and how much they know of it. This information is important when interpreting the data you collect during the rest of the session.  3, record 3, English, - background%20knowledge

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The problems of background knowledge cannot be ignored for the proposed monitoring of self-directed enquiry learning. No learner will embark on a "self-directed" exercise without the background knowledge to motivate it.  4, record 3, English, - background%20knowledge

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Contrast with foreground knowledge.  5, record 3, English, - background%20knowledge

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Connaissances de l'apprenant avant l'enseignement.  1, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9acquis

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] acquis antérieurs à l'apprentissage.  1, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9acquis

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Distinct de l'acquis, ou connaissances regroupant toutes les notions acquises par l'apprenant durant l'enseignement.  1, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9acquis

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 OBS

pré-acquis : ce préfixe n'est jamais suivi d'un trait d'union.  5, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9acquis

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The skills needed for effective teaching involve more than just expertise in an academic field. You must be able to interact with people and help them understand a new way of looking at the world. This is not an easy job! Although there are many different ways to teach effectively, good instructors have several qualities in common. They are prepared, set clear and fair expectations, have a positive attitude, are patient with students, and assess their teaching on a regular basis. They are able to adjust their teaching strategies to fit both the students and the material, recognizing that different students learn in different ways.  2, record 6, English, - effective%20teaching

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Effective teaching can be defined in many ways including teacher behavior(warmth, civility, clarity), teacher knowledge(of subject matter, of students), teacher beliefs, and so forth. Here we define effective teaching as the ability to improve student achievement as shown by research.  3, record 6, English, - effective%20teaching

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] une pédagogie efficace peut se traduire par une réussite scolaire, un développement social et émotionnel, l’acquisition de compétences techniques et une capacité générale à jouer un rôle dans la société.  3, record 6, French, - p%C3%A9dagogie%20efficace

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Une pédagogie efficace est un processus interactif conçu pour répondre aux besoins et aux styles d'apprentissage de l'élève par le biais de toute une variété de pratiques de l'enseignement.  4, record 6, French, - p%C3%A9dagogie%20efficace

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Pour ce qui est de l'enseignement efficace, il ressort que l'enseignement explicite (modélisation de l'enseignant et rétroactions) ainsi que l'enseignement réciproque (entre élèves) fournissent les meilleurs résultats.  2, record 6, French, - p%C3%A9dagogie%20efficace

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

That part of physics where one derives the properties of matter in bulk from a knowledge of the behavior of its constituent parts.  2, record 7, English, - statistical%20mechanics

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Statistical mechanics treats the detailed state of a system (its quantum state or, in classical models, its position in phase space) as unknown and subject to statistical uncertainties; entropy is a measure of this uncertainty. Statistical mechanics describes the distribution of states in an equilibrium system at a given temperature.  3, record 7, English, - statistical%20mechanics

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il a [...] fallu élaborer des méthodes pour l'étude des systèmes à un très grand nombre de degrés de liberté formés d'éléments semblables (les molécules) pour lesquels on n'a pas connaissance de conditions initiales précises. Ces méthodes, qui font intervenir des hypothèses statistiques, constituent la mécanique statistique.  2, record 7, French, - m%C3%A9canique%20statistique

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La mécanique statistique cherche à comprendre les propriétés de la matière à l'échelle macroscopique (celle de notre univers quotidien), en partant d'une description microscopique (atomes, molécules, ...). En cela, elle se distingue de la thermodynamique classique [...].  3, record 7, French, - m%C3%A9canique%20statistique

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A reference shall be directed to a referee who may be a court official, a person suitable by reason of special knowledge or expertise in the subject matter in issue, or any person agreed upon by the parties.  1, record 8, English, - court%20official

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Terme qui, dans certaines juridictions, désigne les principaux personnages de l'appareil judiciaire, en particulier les juges et les greffiers.  1, record 8, French, - fonctionnaire%20de%20justice

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Canadian Police Knowledge Network(CPKN) is [a] provider of online training solutions for police and law enforcement personnel. Working with subject matter experts from the Canadian policing community, CPKN develops and delivers... e-learning courses to meet the needs of frontline officers. CPKN also offers a range of other online learning services including custom development and hosting, service-specific learning portals, and e-learning implementation assistance.  2, record 9, English, - Canadian%20Police%20Knowledge%20Network

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Réseau canadien du savoir policier (RCDSP) est [un] fournisseur de solutions de formations en ligne pour les policiers et le personnel du milieu de l'application de la loi. Le RCDSP travaille avec des experts de la communauté policière canadienne. Il développe et met en ligne des cours [...] qui répondent aux besoins des policiers de première ligne. Le RCDSP offre aussi une variété d'autres services en ligne dont le développement et l'hébergement de portails personnalisés pour l'apprentissage ainsi que du support pour l'implantation de formation en ligne.  2, record 9, French, - R%C3%A9seau%20canadien%20du%20savoir%20policier

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

RCSP : abréviation parfois utilisée à tort pour désigner cette notion.  4, record 9, French, - R%C3%A9seau%20canadien%20du%20savoir%20policier

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... includes any relevant knowledge, acts, descriptions and patents which pertain to, but predate, invention in question... anything in tangible form that may properly be relied on by patent office in patent cases in support of rejection on matter of substance, not form, of claim in pending application for patent.  2, record 10, English, - prior%20art

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although novelty is assessed on the basis of a single item of prior art, it is permitted to read into prior art things that can be considered to be implicit therein, but references may not be combined to find a lack of novelty.  3, record 10, English, - prior%20art

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bien qu'on se base sur une seule antériorité pour évaluer la nouveauté d'un objet, il est possible de déduire de l'antériorité des éléments qui peuvent être considérés comme implicites, toutefois on ne peut combiner les documents pour démontrer le manque de nouveauté.  1, record 10, French, - ant%C3%A9riorit%C3%A9

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Toutefois, en pratique, l'art antérieur sur lequel on s'appuie généralement ne comprend que les documents de brevets publiés, les articles de revues, les manuels et les autres publications semblables (c-à-d. des antériorités).  2, record 10, French, - ant%C3%A9riorit%C3%A9

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The test for obviousness is essentially whether or not an unimaginative skilled technician would, in the light of the state of the art and common general knowledge at the claim date, be led directly and without difficulty to the invention covered by the claim i. e. subject matter defined by the claim.  1, record 11, English, - test%20of%20obviousness

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le test de l'évidence consiste principalement à déterminer si un technicien peu imaginatif ayant des connaissances générales ordinaires pourrait, en consultant l'état de la technique, aboutir directement et sans difficulté à l'invention couverte par la revendication, c.-à-d. la matière définie par celle-ci.  1, record 11, French, - test%20de%20l%27%C3%A9vidence

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A branch of knowledge that deals with living organisms and vital processes broadly including zoology, botany, morphology, genetics embryology, and allied sciences but commonly being restricted to consideration of principles of wide application to the origin, development, structure, functions, and distribution of living matter as represented by plants and animals and to the generally recurrent phenomena of life, growth and reproduction.  2, record 12, English, - biology

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble de toutes les sciences qui étudient les espèces vivantes et les lois de la vie.  2, record 12, French, - biologie

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ciencia que tiene por objeto el estudio de las especies vivas y su evolución.  2, record 12, Spanish, - biolog%C3%ADa

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The doctrine of "judicial notice" enables the court to accept the truth of a matter relevant to the resolution of the dispute before it without the necessity of formal proof by a party. The notice taken may be of a matter of fact or law. In general, courts will take judicial notice of any matter that is so notorious as to be common knowledge or that is clearly established or capable of demonstration by references to a readily obtainable source of indisputable accuracy.  3, record 13, English, - judicial%20notice

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

judicial notice: title of sections 17 and 18 respectively of the Canada Evidence Act, R.S.C., 1970 and 1985.  4, record 13, English, - judicial%20notice

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

connaissance d'office : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 13, French, - connaissance%20d%27office

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Every one who, being a witness in a judicial proceeding, gives evidence with respect to any matter of fact or knowledge and who subsequently, in a judicial proceeding, gives evidence that is contrary to his previous evidence is guilty of an indictable offence....(Criminal Code, s. 124(1]  1, record 14, English, - contradictory%20evidence

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Témoignage, dont une partie est incompatible avec une autre portion du même témoignage, ou qui est incompatible avec un autre témoignage du même témoin.  1, record 14, French, - t%C3%A9moignage%20contradictoire

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

témoignage contradictoire: terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 14, French, - t%C3%A9moignage%20contradictoire

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As a class of subject matter, sound recordings are clearly within the scope of the "writings of an author" capable of protection under the Constitution ... and the extension of limited statutory protection to them was too long delayed.  2, record 15, English, - class%20of%20subject%20matter

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Rights in protected TK [traditional knowledge] would be established by national law, and so the country in which the TK exists should provide the public with advance notice of the class of subject matter that it considers protected TK.  3, record 15, English, - class%20of%20subject%20matter

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les droits sur les savoirs traditionnels protégés devraient être établis par la législation nationale, de sorte que le pays concerné devrait avertir le public à l’avance des catégories d’objets qu’il considère comme des savoirs traditionnels protégés.  1, record 15, French, - cat%C3%A9gorie%20d%27objets

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A variety of actual notice that arises where the existence of a fact is within the knowledge of a party so that he is put upon inquiry and can discover the true facts by making reasonable inquiry. For example, in the law of agency, notice can be implied or imputed by law to the principal when notice of any issue or matter is given to an agent when the matter is within the scope of his agency. The principal cannot deny notice except to charge that the agent is in collusion with the party claiming such notice.(Yogis, 1983, p. 149).  2, record 16, English, - implied%20notice

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

connaissance indirecte : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 16, French, - connaissance%20indirecte

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A statement in writing by a person having a public or official status concerning some matter within his knowledge or authority.  1, record 17, English, - certificate

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

certificat : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 17, French, - certificat

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

certificat : forme abrégée de divers documents intitulés «certificat», utilisés dans le domaine du droit des biens, notamment «certificat d'achèvement», «certificat d'affaire en instance», «certificat d'arpentage», «certificat d'enregistrement», «certificat de localisation» et «certificat de titre». D'autres équivalents sont possibles selon les domaines d'utilisation.  1, record 17, French, - certificat

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

At the Public Service of Canada, a person fully qualified by his clearance, need to know, security knowledge and official duties to receive official matter, enter classified spaces, or other spaces and have access to those parts and property of a Department with which he is concerned.  3, record 18, English, - authorized%20person

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Personne pleinement qualifiée par le contrôle sécuritaire, le besoin de savoir, les connaissances en matière de sécurité et les fonctions officielles l'autorisant à recevoir des renseignements officiels, à pénétrer dans les secteurs réservés, ou autres secteurs, et à avoir accès à ces parties et biens d'un ministère avec lequel il a à travailler.  3, record 18, French, - personne%20autoris%C3%A9e

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are several aspects to this matter :-use of background information and/or personal knowledge, for example on :-schools-child abuse and its impacts-the residential school system-carry-forward of information from hearing to hearing, for example :-on alleged perpetrators and the modus operandi of proven perpetrators-conditions at a school-credibility findings-use of precedents from other adjudicators-ability of adjudicators to confer-the approach to be taken to these issues is set out below, by reference to the source of the information in question.  1, record 19, English, - carry%2Dforward%20of%20information%20from%20hearing%20to%20hearing

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette question présente plusieurs aspects : - utilisation de l'information contextuelle ou de la connaissance personnelle, par exemple sur : - les écoles - l'abus à l'égard des enfants et ses impacts - le réseau des pensionnats - report de l'information d'audition en audition, par exemple sur : - les auteurs présumés et le modus operandi des auteurs prouvés - les conditions dans une école - les conclusions quant à la crédibilité - utilisation de précédents d'autres adjudicateurs - capacité des adjudicateurs de se consulter - l'approche à adopter à l'égard de ces questions est présentée ci-après, en fonction de la source d'information en question.  1, record 19, French, - report%20de%20l%27information%20d%27audition%20en%20audition

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the subject matter of the contract is the carriage of goods in containers.... The carrier is deprived of knowledge about the cargo in the container. He will put an "unknown" clause in the bill of lading and will not issue a clean bill of lading.  2, record 20, English, - unknown%20clause

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le problème des clauses d'inconnu par lesquelles le signataire du document affirme son ignorance de certaines circonstances décisives auxquelles se réfère ledit document est un des problèmes les plus fréquemment posés dans la pratique [...]  2, record 20, French, - clause%20d%27inconnu

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An oath taken in the course of a judicial proceeding, esp. in open court.  2, record 21, English, - judicial%20oath

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A judicial oath is a solemn declaration made in some form warranted by law, before a court of justice or some officer authorized to administer it, by which the person who takes it promises to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, in relation to his knowledge of the matter then under examination, and appeals to God for his sincerity.  3, record 21, English, - judicial%20oath

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le serment judiciaire est l'affirmation solennelle par une partie devant le juge d'un fait qui lui est favorable.  2, record 21, French, - serment%20judiciaire

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Contractual assistance. 32.(2) The Commission may, for specific projects, enter into contracts for the services of persons having technical or specialized knowledge of any matter relating to the work of the Commission to advise and assist the Commission in the exercise of its powers or the performance of its duties and functions under this Act, and those persons may be paid such remuneration and expenses as may be prescribed by by-law of the Commission.  2, record 22, English, - contractual%20assistance

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terminology used by Citizenship and Immigration Canada.  3, record 22, English, - contractual%20assistance

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Assistance contractuelle. 32.(2) La Commission peut, pour des travaux déterminés, engager à contrat des experts compétents dans des domaines relevant de son champ d'activité et leur verser à cette occasion la rémunération et les indemnités fixées par règlement administratif.  2, record 22, French, - assistance%20contractuelle

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terminologie employée par Citoyenneté et Immigration Canada.  3, record 22, French, - assistance%20contractuelle

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Before agreeing to act as counsel or accepting appointment by a court, counsel has an obligation to make sure that they have available sufficient time, resources, knowledge and experience to offer quality representation to a defendant in a particular matter.  2, record 23, English, - act%20as%20counsel

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le personnel du Programme d'exécution des ordonnances alimentaires ne peut pas fournir de conseils juridiques ni agir à titre d'avocat ou de conseiller dans votre intérêt ou celui du payeur.  1, record 23, French, - agir%20%C3%A0%20titre%20d%27avocat

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There's no single team structure to use when assembling, motivating, and rewarding an e-learning development team. But there are specific roles that team members must perform. E-learning teams need people with technical expertise, subject matter knowledge, and interpersonal skills who are willing to learn. More important, teams need strong leadership that can bond this group of diverse talent. In addition to project managers, the e-learning team includes instructional designers, graphic artists, videographers, animators, writers, programmers, quality controllers, and subject matter experts. Each team member has a specific set of tasks and duties to perform.  2, record 24, English, - e%2Dlearning%20team

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The sexual union between male and female (by insertion of the penis into the vagina).  1, record 25, English, - coitus

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

intercourse; copulation : These terms also refer to oral and anal intercourse.  4, record 25, English, - coitus

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

carnal knowledge : A legal term, usually defined as any instance of penetration, no matter how slight.  4, record 25, English, - coitus

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rapprochement intime des organes sexuels du mâle et de la femelle, destiné à permettre l'introduction des spermatozoïdes dans les organes génitaux de la femelle.  2, record 25, French, - rapports%20sexuels

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chez les mammifères - y compris l'homme - il consiste en l'intromission du pénis dans le vagin. On l'appelle plus communément coït chez l'homme [plutôt que «copulation»].  2, record 25, French, - rapports%20sexuels

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Unión] con penetración del pene en alguna de las cavidades del cuerpo, por lo tanto puede haber coito vaginal, oral, anal y coito intrafemoral, que ocurre entre los muslos.  2, record 25, Spanish, - coito

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An examination to test the knowledge of candidates in the subject matter of a particular course, the purpose of which is to establish a basis for the granting of credit for the course, without the normal requirements for attending the course and completing the usual course requirements.  2, record 26, English, - challenge%20examination

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Typically the examination covers a wide body of accepted knowledge or concepts in the challenged course as spelled out in the course learning outcomes.  3, record 26, English, - challenge%20examination

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans le cadre de la reconnaissance des acquis (RDA), les élèves qui revendiquent un crédit écrivent un examen.  2, record 26, French, - examen%20de%20reconnaissance%20des%20acquis

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When using machine learning for knowledge acquisition, consultation with a domain expert is almost unavoidable since the success of learning is mainly evaluated by the expert.  3, record 27, English, - domain%20expert

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Beyond being amenable, the domain specialist(s) must be able to express the knowledge in a manner which the knowledge engineer can understand. This is no trivial matter, since most specialists have hitherto sensed or imaged a great deal of their knowledge, and never expressed it outwardly, especially in the exhaustive and precise manner in which the knowledge engineer seeks to capture it.  4, record 27, English, - domain%20expert

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Début des travaux sur la micro-application multimédia (Module Fondements sur le serveur ou le CD) - Choix d'un sujet et offre de collaboration avec un-e enseignant-e ou un spécialiste de domaine - Amorce de la planification de la micro-application : Outils de scénarisation et graphe d'interaction.  2, record 27, French, - sp%C3%A9cialiste%20de%20domaine

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Among the classes of mass-transport phenomena in liquids, thermal diffusion(the Soret effect) is... characterized by the existence of a spontaneous matter flux in an inhomogeneously heated fluid mixture, this flux tending to separate the constituents.... From a more industrial point of view, whenever multiconstituent liquids are submitted to long-lasting temperature gradients, they are liable to experience thermal diffusive flows, modifying the distribution of the species concentration. Among the cases where this effect has been emphasized, we can mention the elaboration of high technology materials(solidification of semiconductors), the production or purification of light metals... and the optimization of petroleum extraction(by modelling of the hydrocarbon distribution in the reservoirs). So, knowledge of quantitative values of the Soret coefficient(which is the parameter characteristic of the phenomenon) for a wide domain of materials, in various thermodynamic conditions and physical configurations is needed for the above-mentioned basic and applied purposes.... The experimental determination of Soret coefficients in binary mixtures, denoted S_T, is obtained by measuring the steady concentration gradient produced by the imposition of a constant and uniform temperature gradient. This concentration gradient achieves a stationary state when thermal diffusion and interdiffusion(which tends to rehomogenize the mixture) exactly compensate each other.  1, record 28, English, - Soret%20coefficient

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

M. Daguenet, Calcul du flux limite de diffusion en présence d'un gradient thermique sur une surface réactionnelle plane immergée dans une solution en mouvement laminaire. Application à la mesure du coefficient de Soret dans les liquides. C.R.A.S., Paris, 267, pp. 665-668 (1968).  1, record 28, French, - coefficient%20de%20Soret

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A rudimentary knowledge of the subject matter which can be acquired in a relatively short period of time.(303. 4c(1]  1, record 29, English, - basic%20knowledge

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Connaissance rudimentaire de la matière concernée; elle peut être acquise dans un temps relativement court. (303.4c(1]  1, record 29, French, - connaissance%20%C3%A9l%C3%A9mentaire

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A publication is "any written or pictorial matter ..."other than a film or computer game or advertisement for any of these.  2, record 30, English, - pictorial%20matter

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Publishers, including outdoor advertising media, advertising agencies, broadcasters, or printers engaged in the dissemination of information or reproduction of printed or pictorial matter who publish, broadcast, or reproduce material without knowledge of its deceptive character....  3, record 30, English, - pictorial%20matter

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Celis lists items held by six contributing libraries in the Victorian Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, including records for books, reports, theses, video recordings, manuscripts and pictorial matter.  4, record 30, English, - pictorial%20matter

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The goal of having an implemented process model of expertise is an interesting constraint for the definition of the subject matter. For a model to be operational, knowledge cannot be merely enunciated and explained : it must be put to work. Thus, all the knowledge critical to the target behavior has to be captured in the model of expertise, including the knowledge required for appropriately using knowledge. The fact that this model must be able to solve the same problems the student will eventually learn to solve ensures that, at some level of epistemic fidelity, it is complete.  3, record 31, English, - process%20model

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In the representation of the subject matter, process models have been used to simulate two types of processes: 1) to model the phenomena the student has to understand, such as electronic circuits in SOPHIE and rainfall in WHY, 2) to model parts of the actual reasoning process the student learns to perform (ACTP tutors).  3, record 31, English, - process%20model

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 3 CONT

... the ideal component of the process model contains plans that describe how more complex tasks can be accomplished using a sequence of simpler tasks and commands, and have been implemented as a hierarchy of frames.  4, record 31, English, - process%20model

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 4 CONT

... a process model of the student’s decision making....  4, record 31, English, - process%20model

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compare to mental state and mental models. See knowledge state.  5, record 31, English, - process%20model

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir modélisation de processus, modèle quantitatif et modèle qualitatif.  1, record 31, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20processus

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

a subject's capacity to utilize the characteristics and formats of the test and/or the test-taking situation to receive a high score; logically independent of the examinee's knowledge of the subject matter which the items are supposedly measuring; includes knowledge of strategies in using time, avoiding error, guessing, reasoning deductively, and using cues and specific determiners.  1, record 32, English, - test%2Dwiseness

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... ICAI programs contain two types of knowledge : content knowledge about the subject matter being taught and pedagogical knowledge, that is, knowledge about how to teach the subject.  1, record 33, English, - content%20knowledge

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les programmes d'EIAO comprennent deux types de connaissances : la connaissance du contenu (le «quoi» enseigner) et la connaissance pédagogique (le «comment» enseigner).  1, record 33, French, - connaissance%20du%20contenu

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A unit of knowledge including pedagogical issues around which the architecture of a tutoring system is organized. Each bite is itself a miniature system focused on a specific piece of the subject matter. In addition to some domain knowledge, it includes : 1) knowledge about its conceptual relations to other bites, such as part/whole, class/subclass, or analogical relations; 2) knowledge about its curricular relations to other bites, such as pre-and postrequisites, so that it can trigger remedial actions; 3) indication about the student's mastery of its part of the subject matter(a miniature student model, which in conjunction with other bites forms a type of overlay) ;4) the ability to diagnose the student's use and disuse of this knowledge by taking the blame for suboptimal actions; 5) the ability to generate problems that involve the use of this knowledge; 6) the ability to generate instructional interventions related to this knowledge.  1, record 34, English, - bite

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Unité d'apprentissage EIAO qui contrôle soit la découverte de nouvelles connaissances par l'élève, soit ses aptitudes à la découverte scientifique. Les microconnaissances du module pédagogique peuvent constituer une sorte de méta-expertise.  1, record 34, French, - microconnaissance

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In ICAI, a representation of the knowledge to be communicated. This representation of the subject matter is not only a description of the various concepts and skills that the student is to acquire, as in a curriculum, but an actual model, which can perform in the domain and thus provide the system with a dynamic form of expertise.  1, record 35, English, - domain%20expertise%20model

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

See expert module.  2, record 35, English, - domain%20expertise%20model

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

No matter how we consider the family of level sets, they are objects scattered in topo. For this reason we can use a non-two-valued logic to handle them by "fuzzy optimization".... In fuzzy optimization, "the best" is a new evaluation in the structure of all evaluations, pulling back toward a synthesis. Any fuzzy optimization problem is an exploration of a knowledge tree. The constraints are partial sources of knowledge of partical descriptions of a common universe of discourse... the universe of alternatives... and by conjunction complete knowledge is derived.  1, record 36, English, - fuzzy%20optimization

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

optimiser : calculer le programme, le modèle optimal de (une organisation, une production).  2, record 36, French, - optimisation%20floue

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Voir ensemble flou.  1, record 36, French, - optimisation%20floue

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The system's knowledge of the subject matter, the geography of South America, is represented in a semantic network whose nodes stand for geographical objects and concepts. Since these objects and concepts are organized in a partial hierarchy with relations like superpart, superconcept, and superattribute, some simple inferences can be made by propagation of inherited properties via these hierarchical links.  1, record 37, English, - superattribute

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish