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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The first and third processes [for raising a question of privilege] make a basic distinction between a question of privilege – "An allegation that the privileges of the Senate or its members have been infringed…" – and a case of privilege – "A matter that has been determined by a decision of the Speaker on a question of privilege to have prima facie merits…"  2, record 1, English, - case%20of%20privilege

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In the Senate.  3, record 1, English, - case%20of%20privilege

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les premier et troisième processus [par lesquels est soulevée une question de privilège], on fait une nette distinction entre une question de privilège – «Allégation selon laquelle atteinte a été portée aux privilèges du Sénat ou des sénateurs […]» – et un cas de privilège – «Une affaire jugée bien-fondée à première vue dans une décision du Président suite à une question de privilège soulevée…».  2, record 1, French, - cas%20de%20privil%C3%A8ge

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Au Sénat.  3, record 1, French, - cas%20de%20privil%C3%A8ge

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The privilege which exists in the law of defamation when by reason of the occasion on which a defamatory communication is made or the matter in reference to which the communication is made, no remedy can be had in a civil action.  3, record 2, English, - absolute%20privilege

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thus, absolute immunity attaches to all statements made by members of Parliament in the exercise of their duties in the course of their proceeding of either house, because it is felt that fear of liability might induce caution destructive of the frankness that the public has a right to expect.  2, record 2, English, - absolute%20privilege

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

immunité absolue : terme emprunté au droit civil.  3, record 2, French, - immunit%C3%A9%20absolue

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The jury should not be permitted to speculate on the question of abuse of privilege at all, unless there is sufficient evidence which definitely, and as a matter of common sense, points to the inference that an improper motive existed and that it induced the publication of the libel.  1, record 3, English, - improper%20motive

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans le contexte de la diffamation.  1, record 3, French, - motif%20ill%C3%A9gitime

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ordinarily a privilege is held by a person, who can assert or waive it. (Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 446)  1, record 4, English, - waive%20a%20privilege

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

[Legal professional privilege] may... be waived by the client(though not by the solicitor), either expressly or impliedly-e. g. by the client being examined by his counsel as to the privileged matter.... Similarly the privilege is waived if a copy of the privilege document is sent to the opposing side.(Phipson, 13th ed., 1982, p. 305)  1, record 4, English, - waive%20a%20privilege

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

renoncer à un privilège : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 4, French, - renoncer%20%C3%A0%20un%20privil%C3%A8ge

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The possibility of admitting hearsay evidence where the declarant claims testimonial privilege is raised by the American Federal Rules. There the definition of "unavailable" includes a declarant who is "exempted by ruling of the court on the ground of privilege from testifying concerning the subject matter of his statement".(Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 132).  1, record 5, English, - testimonial%20privilege

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

privilège du témoin : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 5, French, - privil%C3%A8ge%20du%20t%C3%A9moin

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A future interest is an interest in property in which the right to possession or enjoyment of the property is postponed to a future time. Nevertheless, it is a presently existing interest in the property and it is thus part of the total ownership of the property. The fact that a future interest is a presently existing interest implies that it confers present, as well as future, rights and obligations. (Anger & Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 335)  1, record 6, English, - future%20interest

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A doctrine of estates which measured interests in land in terms of duration and recognized that interests could arise successively as segments of an ultimate estate in fee simple invited the working out of a law of future interests. "A future interest may be described as an interest in land or other things in which the privilege of possession or of enjoyment is future and not present. It should be emphasized that the interest is an existing interest from the time of its creation, and is looked upon as a part of the total ownership of land or other thing which is its subject matter. "(Laskin, 1964, p. 327)  1, record 6, English, - future%20interest

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

intérêt futur : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 6, French, - int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20futur

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A privilege that is... dependent on the existence of a privilege for the publication of defamatory matter to the particular person to whom it is addressed.  1, record 7, English, - derivative%20privilege

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

derivative privilege: as opposed to "original privilege".  3, record 7, English, - derivative%20privilege

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The trial judge determines as a matter of law whether an occasion is privileged. If so found, and there is no evidence of malice, the action must be dismissed. If there is no privilege, or if there is evidence of malice, or if the privilege has been exceeded, the case must then go to the jury. The distinction has been said to be between what is a "privileged occasion" and what is a "privileged communication"-the judge decides the former, the jury the latter.  1, record 8, English, - privileged%20communication

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le juge du procès décide, puisqu'il s'agit d'une question de droit, si l'immunité joue dans une situation donnée. Dans l'affirmative, l'action doit être rejetée s'il n'y a pas de preuve d'une intention de nuire. Dans la négative, ou si on apporte cette preuve, ou si l'on a outrepassé l'immunité, le jury doit être saisi de l'affaire. Il a été déclaré qu'on doit faire la distinction entre « une situation privilégiée » et « une communication privilégiée » : la première relève de la décision du juge et la deuxième du jury.  1, record 8, French, - communication%20privil%C3%A9gi%C3%A9e

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Publication is an essential element of libel or slander. While a plea of privilege is a matter for defence, where the only publication alleged in the statement of claim is plainly in circumstances of absolute privilege, the statement of claim does not disclose a reasonable cause of action for the torts of libel and/or slander.  1, record 9, English, - plea%20of%20privilege

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La publication est un élément essentiel du libelle ou de la diffamation. Bien que l'exception d'immunité ne puisse être soulevée que par la défense, quand la seule publication alléguée dans la déclaration a manifestement été faite dans des circonstances d'immunité absolue, ladite déclaration ne révèle pas une cause raisonnable à l'action délictuelle en libelle et diffamation.  2, record 9, French, - exception%20de%20privil%C3%A8ge

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The trial judge determines as a matter of law whether an occasion is privileged. If so found, and there is no evidence of malice, the action must be dismissed. If there is no privilege, or if there is evidence of malice, or if the privilege has been exceeded, the case must then go to the jury. The distinction has been said to be between what is a "privileged occasion" and what is a "privileged communication"-the judge decides the former, the jury the latter.  1, record 10, English, - privileged%20occasion

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le juge du procès décide, puisqu'il s'agit d'une question de droit, si l'immunité joue dans une situation donnée. Dans l'affirmative, l'action doit être rejetée s'il n'y a pas de preuve d'une intention de nuire. Dans la négative, ou si on apporte cette preuve, ou si l'on a outrepassé l'immunité, le jury doit être saisi de l'affaire. Il a été déclaré qu'on doit faire la distinction entre "une situation privilégiée" et "une communication privilégiée" : la première relève de la décision du juge et la deuxième du jury.  2, record 10, French, - situation%20privil%C3%A9gi%C3%A9e

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish