TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The expectation maximization(EM) algorithm computes maximum likelihood estimates of unknown parameters in probabilistic models involving latent variables. More pragmatically speaking, the EM algorithm is an iterative method that alternates between computing a conditional expectation and solving a maximization problem, hence the name expectation maximization.  2, record 1, English, - expectation%20maximization%20algorithm

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Algorithme d'apprentissage non supervisé qui permet de trouver les paramètres du maximum de vraisemblance d'un modèle probabiliste même lorsque ce dernier dépend de variables latentes.  2, record 1, French, - algorithme%20esp%C3%A9rance%2Dmaximisation

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

How governments and other responsible authorities balance health maximization with equity and financial protection has far-reaching implications for what health priorities are agreed and pursued.  2, record 2, English, - health%20priority

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 PHR

national health priority  3, record 2, English, - health%20priority

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les citoyens/patients devraient avoir la possibilité de participer à la définition des priorités en matière de santé.  2, record 2, French, - priorit%C3%A9%20en%20mati%C3%A8re%20de%20sant%C3%A9

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 PHR

priorité nationale en matière de santé  3, record 2, French, - priorit%C3%A9%20en%20mati%C3%A8re%20de%20sant%C3%A9

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Prioridad nacional de salud.  1, record 2, Spanish, - prioridad%20de%20salud

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Availability of fish seed of the candidate species in adequate quantity is one of the most important factors for sustainable and profitable fish farming which involves a number of management practices in the maintenance of quality in adequate number. The over-riding objective of a private fish hatchery operator is profit maximization.  1, record 3, English, - fish%20hatchery%20operator

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Il] est le premier exploitant d'écloserie malaisien à exporter des post-larves de crevettes géantes tigrées en Thaïlande. Il s'est également lancé dans l'élevage commercial en écloserie de crevettes blanches de mer (Penaeus merguensis), de crevettes d'eau douce (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), de loups de mer tropicaux, de tilapias rouges, de crabes de palétuvier, de tortues chinoises à carapace molle et de grenouilles taureaux, entre autres.  1, record 3, French, - exploitant%20d%27%C3%A9closerie

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Maritimes Energy Association is an independent, not-for-profit organization representing businesses that provide goods and services to the energy industry in eastern Canada – offshore and onshore, renewable and non-renewable, domestic and export markets. [Its] membership primarily consists of local businesses that are part of the supply chain and employ thousands of people, injecting millions of dollars into our regional economy.  4, record 4, English, - The%20Maritimes%20Energy%20Association

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The mandate of the Association is to support the maximization of Atlantic Canadian participation in the supply of both goods and services to meet the needs of the energy industry. Its purpose is to identify, promote and support the development of opportunities for member companies. It accomplishes this through its member activities and services, industry advocacy and policy research.  4, record 4, English, - The%20Maritimes%20Energy%20Association

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The maximization of the use of existing telecommunications networks,... comprises a welter of sub-issues.  1, record 5, English, - maximization%20of%20the%20use

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'utilisation maximale des réseaux de télécommunication en place, [...] a des ramifications sous-jacentes très étendues.  1, record 5, French, - utilisation%20maximale

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

One or more runways designated and published by the airport operator whose selection directs aircraft away from noise sensitive areas during the initial departure and final approach phases of flight.  2, record 6, English, - preferential%20runway

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Designation of preferential runways may be governed by time restrictions, weather, runway conditions, airport layout, aircraft routings or capacity maximization.  2, record 6, English, - preferential%20runway

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

preferential runway: term used by air traffic control, whereas "preferred runway" is used among pilots.  2, record 6, English, - preferential%20runway

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Une ou plusieurs pistes nommées et publiées par l'exploitant d'aéroport dont la sélection dirige les aéronefs loin des zones sensibles au bruit pendant les phases intitiales du décollage et de l'atterrissage.  2, record 6, French, - piste%20pr%C3%A9f%C3%A9rentielle

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La désignation des pistes préférentielles peut être dictée par les restrictions de temps, les conditions météorologiques, l'état de la piste, la disposition de l'aéroport, les routes d'aéronef ou la maximisation de la capacité.  2, record 6, French, - piste%20pr%C3%A9f%C3%A9rentielle

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

piste préférentielle : terme utilisé par les contrôleurs de la circulation aérienne, alors que les pilotes utilisent «piste préférée».  2, record 6, French, - piste%20pr%C3%A9f%C3%A9rentielle

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

One may define the fiduciary duty of board members as a combination of both integrity and competence. Any board member must therefore be trustworthy enough to represent with all possible diligence the firm, and must act in the best interests of the company.... The fiduciary duty of directors toward the corporation then means that shareholders’ wealth maximization should not be the directors’ main concern as much as the maximization of the firms’ value.  3, record 7, English, - fiduciary%20duty

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il s'agit d'une obligation combinant les qualités d'intégrité et de compétence. Par conséquent, un membre du conseil d'administration d'une société doit être suffisamment digne de confiance pour représenter cette société avec le plus de diligence possible, et il doit agir dans le meilleur intérêt de la société. [...] L'obligation fiduciaire des administrateurs à l'égard de la société implique que les administrateurs doivent avoir comme priorité non pas de maximiser la richesse des actionnaires, mais bien de maximiser la valeur de la société.  2, record 7, French, - obligation%20fiduciaire

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An economic estimation technique which involves the maximization of the likelihood function of the sample observations with respect to the values of the parameters of the equation(s) being estimated; it chooses those values of the parameters which are "most likely" to have generated the sample observations.  3, record 8, English, - maximum%20likelihood%20method

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

maximum likelihood method: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group (RTAG).  4, record 8, English, - maximum%20likelihood%20method

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Méthode d'estimation des paramètres inconnus d'une distribution de probabilité qui consiste à rechercher les valeurs de ces paramètres qui maximisent la fonction de vraisemblance.  1, record 8, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20vraisemblance%20maximale

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

méthode de vraisemblance maximale : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  3, record 8, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20vraisemblance%20maximale

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In light of my research, I have formulated an imperative of a sustainable consumer. It is expressed by four principles of a sustainable consumption. The principles are :[1] Selection : select service or product and choose environment-friendly one. [2] Minimization : minimize the range of the consumption. [3] Maximization : maximize functionality and extend life of the product. [4] Segregation : segregate and recollect the waste for recycling/reuse.  2, record 9, English, - sustainable%20consumer

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compare with "responsible consumer." See also "sustainable consumption" and "responsible consumption."  3, record 9, English, - sustainable%20consumer

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sustainable consumer: Often used as an adjective, as in the following expressions: sustainable consumer behaviour, sustainable consumer market, environmentally sustainable consumer products, services and systems, sustainable consumer choice, sustainable consumer habits; to provide sustainable consumer education.  3, record 9, English, - sustainable%20consumer

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Consommateur partisan du développement durable, qui se comporte en «écocitoyen» (voir aussi cette fiche).  3, record 9, French, - consommateur%20de%20produits%20durables

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'État, un consommateur modèle de produits durables. Acheter des produits écologiquement et socialement compatibles, c'est rentable à long terme. Les dépenses des pouvoirs publics devront donc être décidées sur la base d'analyses économiques et écologiques. [...] Encourager les modèles de consommation durable.  1, record 9, French, - consommateur%20de%20produits%20durables

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le développement durable se fonde sur les éléments suivants : durabilité écologique, développement économique et équité sociale; ces éléments sont à la base du comportement des consommateurs socialement et écologiquement responsables. On peut aussi avoir recours à des périphrases du type «consommateur qui achète en fonction des principes de la consommation durable». Voir aussi «consommateur responsable».  3, record 9, French, - consommateur%20de%20produits%20durables

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

On peut parler de la consommation durable (voir cette fiche), mais pas d'un consommateur durable, sauf par ironie; les biens peuvent être durables, pas les consommateurs.  3, record 9, French, - consommateur%20de%20produits%20durables

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A decision-oriented instruction for the value-maximizing management of investments in a division, an enterprise, a conglomerate or even an economy.  1, record 10, English, - shareholder%20value%20concept

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Investment is meant in a wide sense, covering physical and intangible assets as well as portfolio investments. Maximization obviously means increase, but an increase to the best of one's own ability in consideration of available information and resources.  1, record 10, English, - shareholder%20value%20concept

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Shareholder value is regarded as a theory of management.  1, record 10, English, - shareholder%20value%20concept

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The guinea pig maximization test and the Buehler occluded patch test are used widely to identify the sensitization potential of new chemicals.  2, record 11, English, - occluded%20skin%20patch%20test

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

«épidermo-réaction» (synonyme : «test épicutané») : On applique sur la peau une compresse inhibée de [la] [...] substance [à tester], qu'on recouvre d'une compresse plus grande, puis d'un sparadrap.  2, record 11, French, - test%20%C3%A9picutan%C3%A9%20recouvert

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Classical Optimization Theory(Unconstrained Maximization, Constrained Maximization)  1, record 12, English, - constrained%20maximization

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'exemple des iris de Fisher sert d'argument pour préciser la représentation de la dispersion, les notions de valeur et de vecteurs propres, de maximisation sous contrainte.  1, record 12, French, - maximisation%20sous%20contrainte

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The guinea pig maximization test and the Buehler occluded patch test are used widely to identify the sensitization potential of new chemicals.  2, record 13, English, - Buehler%20occluded%20patch%20test

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A gradation in response to changing dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) doses was easily observed by using either the open epicutaneous test (OET) or the Buehler occlusive patch test. The Buehler test was used to study the dose-response relationship of DNCB sensitization.  2, record 13, English, - Buehler%20occluded%20patch%20test

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two sensitization assays were performed in animals : the Buehler occlusive patch test in guinea pigs and the guinea pig maximization test(GPMT).  2, record 14, English, - maximization%20test

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Expression tirée d'une liste de descripteurs français de la base de données PASCAL.  2, record 14, French, - test%20de%20maximalisation

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Learning Procedure for Stochastic Boltzmann Machines allows the network to reach thermal equilibrium.  2, record 15, English, - thermal%20equilibrium

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The learning algorithm will combine an energy minimization with an entropy maximization consistent with the use of the Boltzmann distribution to describe energy-state probabilities. These differences are a direct result of applying analogies from statistical mechanics to the neural network.  3, record 15, English, - thermal%20equilibrium

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On laisse évoluer le réseau neuronal vers l'équilibre thermique, en appliquant une séquence de recuit.  1, record 15, French, - %C3%A9quilibre%20thermique

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'extension thermodynamique des réseaux récursifs a été principalement développée par les physiciens à cause de l'analogie avec les verres de spin.  2, record 15, French, - %C3%A9quilibre%20thermique

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Maximization of the likelihood function... can be implemented using the method of scoring with a variable step length. "Survey Methodology, vol. 16-2, text by Pfeffermann and Burck(section 3. 2).  1, record 16, English, - step%20length

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

terme lié à la notion d'itération.  1, record 16, French, - pas

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

As soon as it has control over price, it will cease to follow the P=MC rule for profit maximization.  1, record 17, English, - P%3DMC%20rule

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Few business firms are able to develop exact curves of cost and revenue. This does not mean that they are oblivious to profit maximization. Through trial and error, they may be doing a tolerably good job of keeping alive as a business entity and of achieving long-run optimum profits.  1, record 18, English, - long%2Drun%20optimum%20profit

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The most commonly used procedure for estimating PMP(...). An index of the maximum possible moisture supply is obtained by entering tables of effective-precipitable water with the 100-yr. 12-hr. maximum-persisting dewpoint for the basin. Maximization is achieved by multiplying the observed rainfall values by the ratio of this figure to that for the air supplying the atmospheric moisture to the actual storm.  1, record 19, English, - rational%20method

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) méthode la plus utilisée pour estimer PMP (...). On obtient un indice de l'apport maximum possible d'humidité en utilisant pour le bassin les tables de précipitation effective et les valeurs maximales de point de rosée persistant de 12 heures ayant un intervalle de vécurrence de 100 ans. On réalise la maximisation en multipliant la valeur de précipitation observée par le rapport de cette dernière sur la valeur correspondant à l'air alimentant l'orage actuel en humidité (...)  1, record 19, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20rationnelle

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish